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Controlled Synthesis of Metal-Nanoparticles Decorated Block Copolymer Hybrid Particles via Emulsion Confined Self-assembly and Their Catalytic Applications

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第8期42卷 835-840页

作者： xiaohua Chang Qunli Yu Dan Ji Yutian zhu College of Material Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringKey Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material TechnologyMinistry of EducationHangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhouZhejiang311121 China

Comprehensive Summary Metal nanoparticles(NPs)decorated block copolymer(BCP)hybrid nanoparticles have attracted enormous attention for their actual value in catalysis,medical therapy,and bioengineering.The confined assembly of BCPs within evaporative emulsion droplet is verified as an effective method to provide polymeric scaffolds to load metal NPs.However,to date,it remains challenging to generate different types of metal NPs decorated BCP hybrid nanoparticles.Herein,we employed the emulsion confined self-assembly of poly(styrene-b-2-vinylpyridine)(PS-b-P2VP)and the followed seed-mediated growth of Au and palladium(Pd)NPs onto well-defined BCP particles to design a series of Au/Pd decorated BCP hybrid nanoparticles,which exhibited excellent catalytic activity for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol with the reductant of NaBH4.This work may inspire more researchers to investigate the selective decoration of different metal NPs onto the polymeric scaffolds,broadening the potential applications of the inorganic/organic hybrid nanoparticles.

关键词： Block copolymers Emulsion confined self-assembly Hybrid nanoparticles Catalytic activity Recyclability

Numerical and experimental investigation on hydraulic-electric rock fragmentation of heterogeneous granite

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2024年第1期34卷 15-29页

作者： xiaohua zhu Ling He Weiji Liu Yunxu Luo Youjian Zhang Wuji Tang School of Mechatronic Engineering Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China School of Mechanical Engineering Sichuan University of Science and EngineeringYibin 643002China

Hydraulic-electric rock fragmentation(HERF)plays a significant role in improving the efficiency of high voltage pulse rock breaking.However,the underlying mechanism of HERF remains unclear.In this study,considering the heterogeneity of the rock,microscopic thermodynamic properties,and shockwave time domain waveforms,based on the shockwave model,digital imaging technology and the discrete element method,the cyclic loading numerical simulations of HERF is achieved by coupling electrical,thermal,and solid mechanics under different formation temperatures,confining pressure,initial peak voltage,electrode bit diameter,and loading times.Meanwhile,the HERF discharge system is conducive to the laboratory experiments with various electrical parameters and the resulting broken pits are numerically reconstructed to obtain the geometric parameters.The results show that,the completely broken area consists of powdery rock debris.In the pre-broken zone,the mineral cementation of the rock determines the transition of type CⅠcracks to type CⅡand type CⅢcracks.Furthermore,the peak pressure of the shockwave increased with initial peak voltage but decreased with electrode bit diameter,while the wave front time reduced.Moreover,increasing well depth,formation temperature and confining pressure augment and inhibit HERF,but once confining pressure surpassed the threshold of 60 MPa for 152.40,215.90,and 228.60 mm electrode bits,and 40 MPa for 309.88 mm electrode bits,HERF is promoted.Additionally,for the same kind of rock,the volume and width of the broken pit increase with higher initial peak voltage and rock fissures will promote HERF.Eventually,the electrode drill bit with a 215.90 mm diameter is more suitable for drilling pink granite.This research contributes to a better microscopic understanding of HERF and provides valuable insights for electrode bit selection,as well as the optimization of circuit parameters for HERF technology.

关键词： Hydraulic-electric rock fragmentation Shockwave Thermodynamics Microcracks Weak Linear Parallel Bond Model

Realtime observation of “spring fracture” like AlGaN/GaN HEMT failure under bias

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 303-305页

作者： Qing zhu Zhenni WANG Yuxiang WEI Ling YANG Xiaoli LU Jiejie zhu Peng ZHONG Yimin LEI xiaohua MA School of Microelectronics Xidian University State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Technology Xidian University School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology Xidian University

The AlGaN/GaN HEMTs have been considered promising candidates for high-frequency and high-power applications,while the reliability issues greatly limit the commercialization of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs. In the past, the research on the reliability of devices was often based on Raman spectroscopy, cathodoluminescence, and TEM after failure of the devices, which is often considered to be the laborious and complicated “archaeological” kind of analysis [1].

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A thermodynamic view on the in-situ carbon dioxide reduction by biomass-derived hydrogen during calcium carbonate decomposition

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第4期68卷 231-240页

作者： Peng Jiang Hao Zhang Guanhan Zhao Lin Li Tuo Ji Liwen Mu xiaohua Lu Jiahua zhu State Key Laboratory of Materials-oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China

In the carbonate industry,deep decarbonization strategies are necessary to effectively remediate CO_(2).These strategies mainly include both sustainable energy supplies and the conversion of CO_(2)in downstream processes.This study developed a coupled process of biomass chemical looping H2 production and reductive calcination of CaCO_(3).Firstly,a mass and energy balance of the coupled process was established in Aspen Plus.Following this,process optimization and energy integration were implemented to provide optimized operation conditions.Lastly,a life cycle assessment was carried out to assess the carbon footprint of the coupled process.Results reveal that the decomposition temperature of CaCO_(3)in an H_(2)atmosphere can be reduced to 780℃(generally around 900℃),and the conversion of CO_(2)from CaCO_(3)decomposition reached 81.33%with an H2:CO ratio of 2.49 in gaseous products.By optimizing systemic energy through heat integration,an energy efficiency of 86.30%was achieved.Additionally,the carbon footprint analysis revealed that the process with energy integration had a low global warming potential(GWP)of-2.624 kg·kg^(-1)(CO_(2)/CaO).Conclusively,this work performed a systematic analysis of introducing biomass-derived H_(2)into CaCO_(3)calcination and demonstrated the positive role of reductive calcination using green H_(2)in mitigating CO_(2)emissions within the carbonate industry.

关键词： Biomass CaCO_(3)reductive calcination Chemical looping Hydrogen production Carbon footprint Thermodynamics process

Routing and scheduling co-design for holistic software-defined deterministic network

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Fundamental Research 2024年第1期4卷 25-34页

作者： Jinglong Zhang Fengyuan zhu Zeming Yang Cailian Chen xiaohua Tian Xinping Guan School of Electronic Information and Electrical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

As a result of the growing complexity of industrial Internet applications,traditional hardware-based network designs are encountering challenges in terms of programmability and dynamic adaptability as they struggle to meet the real-time,high-reliability transmission requirements for the vast quantities of data generated in industrial environments.This paper proposes a holistic software-defined deterministic network(HSDDN)design solution.This solution uses a centralized controller to implement a comprehensive software definition,ranging from the network layer down to the physical layer.Within the wireless access domain,we decouple the standard radio-frequency modules from baseband processing to realize a software-defined physical layer,which then allows us to adjust the data transmission cycles and tag the trigger rates to meet demand for low-power,high-concurrency transmission.Within the wired network domain,we integrate software-defined networking with time-sensitive networking and propose a coordinated design strategy to address routing and the deterministic scheduling problem.We define a set of constraints to ensure collaborative transmission of the periodic and aperiodic data flows.To guarantee load balancing across all paths and timeslots,we introduce the Jain’s fairness index as the optimization objective and then construct a nondeterministic polynomial-time(NP)-hard joint optimization problem.Furthermore,an algorithm called Tabu search for routing and scheduling with dual-stages(TSRS-DS)is proposed.Simulation experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed HSDDN architecture.

关键词： Deterministic networking Software-defined networking Software-defined physical layer Time-sensitive networking Backscatter communication Routing and scheduling co-design

Towards carbon neutrality of calcium carbide-based acetylene production with sustainable biomass resources

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第6期9卷 1068-1078页

作者： Peng Jiang Guanhan Zhao Hao Zhang Tuo Ji Liwen Mu xiaohua Lu Jiahua zhu State Key Laboratory of Materials-oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjing211816China

Acetylene is produced from the reaction between calcium carbide(CaC_(2))and water,while the production of CaC_(2) generates significant amount of carbon dioxide not only because it is an energy-intensive process but also the raw material for CaC_(2) synthesis is from coal.Here,a comprehensive biomass-to-acetylene process was constructed that integrated several units including biomass pyrolysis,oxygen-thermal CaC_(2) fabrication and calcium looping.For comparison,a coal-to-acetylene process was also established by using coal as feedstock.The carbon efficiency,energy efficiency and environmental impacts of the bio-based calcium carbide acetylene(BCCA)and coal-based calcium carbide acetylene(CCCA)processes were systematically analyzed.Moreover,the environmental impacts were further evaluated by applying thermal integration at system level and energy substitution in CaC_(2) furnace.Even though the BCCA process showed lower carbon efficiency and energy efficiency than that of the CCCA process,life cycle assessment demonstrated the BCCA(1.873 kgCO_(2eq) kg-prod^(-1))a lower carbon footprint process which is 0.366 kgCO_(2eq) kg-prod^(-1) lower compared to the CCCA process.With sustainable energy(biomass power)substitution in CaC_(2) furnace,an even lower GWP value of 1.377 kgCO_(2eq) kg-prod^(-1) can be achieved in BCCA process.This work performed a systematic analysis on integrating biomass into industrial acetylene production,and revealed the positive role of biomass as raw material(carbon)and energy supplier.

关键词： Biomass pyrolysis CO_(2)mitigation Calcium carbide Acetylene Calcium loop

Utilization effect of water-land resources under the evolution of Chinese dietary patterns

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2023年第4期33卷 741-759页

作者： zhu Yuanyuan WANG Ziwei zhu xiaohua Key Laboratory of Geographic Process Analysis&Simulation Hubei Province Central China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CASBeijing 100101China

Exploring the utilization effect of water-land resources under the evolution of dietary patterns is of great significance in achieving sustainable global food consumption and the effective allocation of national resources.Our selected study area was China,a country with rapidly changing dietary consumption patterns,and the research period was between 1987 and 2020.Based on the material called Chinese Dietary Guidelines 2021,this study introduced the“virtual water”and the“virtual land”to quantify the utilization effect of water-land resources under the evolution of Chinese dietary patterns.Results showed that the dietary patterns gradually changed from“cereal-vegetable-based consumption”to“diversified consumption”.Food consumption’s total water footprint(WF)increased from 471.1 Gm3in 1987 to 848.8 Gm3in 2020,with a growth rate of 80.2%.Moreover,the total land requirement for food(LRF)increased from 88.8 Mha in 1987 to 129.9 Mha in 2020,with a growth rate of 46.3%.Furthermore,the meat consumption was the major contributor to the increase in total WF(104.0%)and LRF(102.1%).In contrast to the balanced diet pattern,there was no waste of water-land resources consumption for the food consumption of urban-rural residents in China between 1987 and 2020.However,the consumption of water resources would gradually approach the resource cost under the balanced diet patterns.It would eventually break through the critical value and reach the state of resource waste.In addition,the findings showed that urban residents’waste rate of water-land resources for meat consumption increased by 142.3%compared with that in 1987.The research results can provide scientific guidance for resolving the food crisis under the supply of water-land resources in China and have an essential reference for national food security and sustainable development of resources and environment.

关键词： dietary patterns water-land resource utilization food security sustainable development China

New insights into the correlations between circulating tumor cells and target organ metastasis

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第1期9卷 211-233页

作者： Qinru Zhan Bixia Liu xiaohua Situ Yuting Luo Tongze Fu Yanxia Wang Zhongpeng Xie Lijuan Ren Ying zhu Weiling He Zunfu Ke Department of Pathology The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University510000 GuangzhouGuangdongP.R.China Institute of Precision Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University510000 GuangzhouGuangdongP.R.China Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University510000 GuangzhouGuangdongP.R.China Department of Radiology The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University510000 GuangzhouGuangdongP.R.China Department of Microbiology and Immunology Weill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10065USA School of Medicine Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen UniversityXiamen University361000 XiamenFujianP.R.China

Organ-specific metastasis is the primary cause of cancer patient death.The distant metastasis of tumor cells to specific organs depends on both the intrinsic characteristics of the tumor cells and extrinsic factors in their microenvironment.During an intermediate stage of metastasis,circulating tumor cells(CTCs)are released into the bloodstream from primary and metastatic tumors.CTCs harboring aggressive or metastatic features can extravasate to remote sites for continuous colonizing growth,leading to further lesions.In the past decade,numerous studies demonstrated that CTCs exhibited huge clinical value including predicting distant metastasis,assessing prognosis and monitoring treatment response et al.Furthermore,increasingly numerous experiments are dedicated to identifying the key molecules on or inside CTCs and exploring how they mediate CTC-related organ-specific metastasis.Based on the above molecules,more and more inhibitors are being developed to target CTCs and being utilized to completely clean CTCs,which should provide promising prospects to administer advanced tumor.Recently,the application of various nanomaterials and microfluidic technologies in CTCs enrichment technology has assisted to improve our deep insights into the phenotypic characteristics and biological functions of CTCs as a potential therapy target,which may pave the way for us to make practical clinical strategies.In the present review,we mainly focus on the role of CTCs being involved in targeted organ metastasis,especially the latest molecular mechanism research and clinical intervention strategies related to CTCs.

关键词： metastasis organs insight

A novel multi-threshold coupling InAlN/GaN double-channel HEMT for improving transconductance flatness

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 314-315页

作者： Sirui AN Minhan MI Pengfei WANG Sijia LIU Qing zhu Meng ZHANG Zhihong CHEN Jielong LIU Siyin GUO Can GONG xiaohua MA Yue HAO School of Microelectronics Xidian University School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology Xidian University Hubei Jiufengshan Laboratory

GaN-based HEMTs have significant advantages, making them a prime choice for high-frequency, high-power switching [1]. However, the inherent poor linearity of GaN HEMT has yet to be solved, which can be reflected by the nonlinearity of the transconductance (Gm) profile [2]. This makes it hard to achieve high data transmission efficiency and less signal distortion in the wireless communication system [3].

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