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Soil Ecology Letters 2023年第4期5卷 81-87页

作者： Junhui Yin Huaihai Chen Pengpeng Duan kun zhu Naihui Li Yan Ma Yumeng Xu Jingheng Guo Rui Liu Qing Chen Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmyard Soil Pollution Prevention-control and Remediation College of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol School of EcologySun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Key Laboratory of Agro–Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region Institute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125China College of Land Science and Technology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Department of Horticulture Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China

●Soil pH was a key driver of N2O emission and sources in acidic soils.●N2O emission was significantly positively associated with the ratio of ITS to 16S.●N2O was significantly correlated with bacterial and fungal community composition.●Fungi contributed to N2O in highly acidic tea plantations and vegetable *** soil is a main source of global nitrous oxide(N2O)***,the mechanism behind the high N2O emissions from acidic soils remains a knowledge *** objective of this microcosm incubation study was to pin-point the microbial mechanisms involved in N2O production processes in acidic *** that purpose,the isotopic signatures and microbial community structure and composition of four soil samples were *** results showed that highly acid soils(pH=3.51)emitted 89 times more N2O than alkaline soils(pH=7.95)under the same nitrogen(N)*** denitrification caused high N2O emissions in acidic *** to 16S abundance ratio was positively correlated with cumulative N2O emissions from the tested *** highly acid soils(pH<4.5)showed greater fungal nirK gene abundance and lower abundance of AOA-amoA,AOB-amoA,nirK,nosZ I and nosZ II *** unclassified Aspergillaceae fungi(63.65%)dominated the highly acidic soils and was the most strongly correlated genus with N2O *** findings highlight that soil microbial community structures,denitrifying fungi in particular,shaped by low pH(pH<4.5)lead to high N2O emissions from acidic soils.

关键词： nitrous oxide ITS 16S ratio fungal denitrification soil pH vegetable field tea plantation

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中国公共卫生财政支出分析

中国卫生政策研究 2024年第5期17卷 33-40页

作者：朱坤中国财政科学研究院北京100142

本文对我国新医改以来的公共卫生财政支出进行分析,发现主要存在以下问题:一是公共卫生纵向与横向投入不协同,不利于提升专业公共卫生机构在我国公共卫生体系中的地位;二是公共卫生领域的事权与支出责任划分,不利于“预防为主”目标的实... 详细信息

本文对我国新医改以来的公共卫生财政支出进行分析,发现主要存在以下问题:一是公共卫生纵向与横向投入不协同,不利于提升专业公共卫生机构在我国公共卫生体系中的地位;二是公共卫生领域的事权与支出责任划分,不利于“预防为主”目标的实现;三是专业公共卫生机构在卫生服务体系中的地位日益弱化,与“预防为主”的要求不相适应;四是人员激励不足,进一步弱化了专业公共卫生机构。据此,本文提出四点政策建议:一是提高公共卫生预算的优先层级,强化公共卫生财政支出的硬约束;二是优化公共卫生财政支出结构,加强公共卫生纵向投入与横向投入的协同;三是完善公共卫生领域的中央和地方事权与支出责任,增强中央财政在横向投入中的支出责任;四是进一步健全人员激励机制,稳步强化专业公共卫生机构。

关键词：公共卫生财政支出事权与支出责任纵向投入横向投入

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周代天子大祀卜筮对象及占具初探

史林 2010年第1期 42-48页

作者：朱琨郑州大学历史学院

周代先民关于"筮短龟长"和"先筮后卜"观念的出现有多方面的原因,基本符合当时的实际情况。大祀是每年都要定时举行的常例性的大祭祀,不必再卜祀与不祀,卜日在祭前十日,卜牲在祭前三月选牲之时,卜尸则在祭前三日,而卜筮活动举行的地点则... 详细信息

周代先民关于"筮短龟长"和"先筮后卜"观念的出现有多方面的原因,基本符合当时的实际情况。大祀是每年都要定时举行的常例性的大祭祀,不必再卜祀与不祀,卜日在祭前十日,卜牲在祭前三月选牲之时,卜尸则在祭前三日,而卜筮活动举行的地点则都在祢庙门前。龟卜中的"燋"应是不灭以待用的火种,而烧灼龟用的"契"即"楚焞",这两个名物都应该是灼龟用的薪材,应是同物而异名。

关键词：周代大祀卜筮对象占具

Application value of machine learning models in predicting intraoperative hypothermia in laparoscopic surgery for polytrauma patients

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第24期12卷 5513-5522页

作者： kun zhu Zi-Xuan Zhang Miao Zhang The Second Department of Anesthesia Tianjin HospitalTianjin 300211China Department of War Rescue Training Qingdao Special Servicemen Recuperation Center of PLA NavyQingdao 266001Shandong ProvinceChina Department of Internal Medicine Qingdao Fushan Elderly ApartmentsQingdao 266001Shandong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Hypothermia during laparoscopic surgery in patients with multiple trauma is a significant concern owing to its potential *** learning models offer a promising approach to predict the occurrence of intraoperative *** To investigate the value of machine learning model to predict hypothermia during laparoscopic surgery in patients with multiple *** This retrospective study enrolled 220 patients who were admitted with multiple injuries between June 2018 and December *** these,154 patients were allocated to a training set and the remaining 66 were allocated to a validation set in a 7:3 *** the training set,53 cases experienced intraoperative hypothermia and 101 did *** regression analysis was used to construct a predictive model of intraoperative hypothermia in patients with polytrauma undergoing laparoscopic *** area under the curve(AUC),sensitivity,and specificity were *** Comparison of the hypothermia and non-hypothermia groups found significant differences in sex,age,baseline temperature,intraoperative temperature,duration of anesthesia,duration of surgery,intraoperative fluid infusion,crystalloid infusion,colloid infusion,and pneumoperitoneum volume(P0.05).The results of the logistic regression analysis showed that age,baseline temperature,intraoperative temperature,duration of anesthesia,and duration of surgery were independent influencing factors for intraoperative hypothermia during laparoscopic surgery(P0.05).The predictive model had AUCs of 0.850 and 0.829 for the training and validation sets,*** Machine learning effectively predicted intraoperative hypothermia in polytrauma patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery,which improved sur

关键词： Polytrauma Laparoscopic surgery Hypothermia Related factor Risk prediction

Straw Returning Affect Soil Greenhouse Gas Emission and Mineral N under Dry-Rewetting Cycling

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Straw Returning Affect Soil Greenhouse Gas Emission and Mine...

雷公藤总生物碱对摇蚊幼虫杀灭活性和谷胱甘肽硫转移酶的影响

2019年中国土壤学会土壤环境专业委员会、土壤化学专业委员会联合学术研讨会

作者： Xin Ye kun zhu Gang Wang Department of Soil and Water Sciences China Agricultural University

As an important technical measure in agricultural production,straw returning can sequestrate carbon in soil and facilitate agricultural *** application strategies of straw returning directly determine its influences on agroecosystem,such as soil fertility and greenhouse gas *** aim of this study was to investigate the interactions of the returning forms of straw,spatial distribution and dry-rewetting on greenhouse gas （GHG） and mineral *** kinds of straw returning strategies were considered （1） raw straw and charred straw;（2） straw/charred straw returned in soil homogeneously or *** soil water conditions were set up with either constant moisture （CM,60%of maximum water-holding capacity） or dry-rewetting conditions （DWC）.The emissions of CO,CH and NO from soil were monitored during the entire experimental *** samples were taken at end of each dry-rewetting cycle and the dynamics of soil mineral nitrogen contents were *** results revealed significant interaction of returning materials,spatial distribution of materials and soil water conditions on GHG emissions and mineral N dynamics（1） The effect of spatial distribution on GHG:Straw returning promoted soil CO and NO emissions in the initial of incubation,particularly,heterogeneous distribution induced more NO emissions and limited the CO2 emissions,likely due to that the uniform distribution of straw may be relatively beneficial for straw degradation in soil and promote carbon mineralization.（2） The effect of spatial distribution on mineral N:With faster increase of nitrate contents,charred straw might promote nitrification,due to the improved soil aeration and the stimulated nitrifier activities,spatial distribution of the charred straw was not observed any significant influences on nitrate（3） The interactions between spatial distribution and dry-rewetting cycling on GHG:The NO emissions under dry-wet cycling conditions were significantly lower than those u

关键词： Returning strategy of straw charred straw Dry-wet cycling Spatial distribution GHG emissions

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西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版） 2010年第4期38卷 157-163页

作者：李修伟张兴 zhu kun-yan 西北农林科技大学无公害农药研究服务中心/陕西省生物农药工程技术研究中心陕西杨凌712100 Department of Entomology Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA

【目的】研究雷公藤总生物碱对摇蚊4龄幼虫的杀灭活性、谷胱甘肽硫转移酶（GST）活性以及GST相关基因表达的影响。【方法]以摇蚊4龄幼虫为试虫，分别用5，10，15μg／L雷公藤总生物碱进行处理，以用丙酮处理为对照，24～72h后观察幼虫... 详细信息

【目的】研究雷公藤总生物碱对摇蚊4龄幼虫的杀灭活性、谷胱甘肽硫转移酶（GST）活性以及GST相关基因表达的影响。【方法]以摇蚊4龄幼虫为试虫，分别用5，10，15μg／L雷公藤总生物碱进行处理，以用丙酮处理为对照，24～72h后观察幼虫反应，测定雷公藤总生物碱对摇蚊幼虫的致死中浓度（LC50）及谷胱甘肽硫转移酶活性，并用RT～PCR方法，检测了摇蚊11个GST基因的表达情况。【结果】雷公藤总生物碱对摇蚊4龄幼虫具有杀灭活性，24，48，72h的致死中浓度（LC50）分别为33．019，19．092和16．760肛g／L。在亚致死质量浓度（5，10，15μg／L）下，雷公藤总生物碱对摇蚊4龄幼虫谷胱甘肽硫转移酶活性具有显著的抑制作用，与同期对照相比，酶活性最大下降幅度分别为73．49％（以1-氯-2，4-二硝基苯（CDNB）为底物）和73．20％（以3，4-二氯硝基苯（DCNB）为底物）。RT-PCR检测结果显示，在摇蚊11个谷胱甘肽硫转移酶基因中，有2个基因（CtGSTu3和CtGSTu4）在mRNA水平上被诱导上调表达，且mRNA表达量随着雷公藤总生物碱质量浓度的增加而升高，存在着剂量依赖关系。【结论】雷公藤总生物碱对摇蚊幼虫具有较高的杀灭活性，有被开发为摇蚊控制剂的潜能。在亚致死质量浓度（5～15μg／L）处理下，雷公藤总生物碱能显著抑制摇蚊谷胱甘肽硫转移酶活性，并诱导CtGSTu3和CtGSTu4mRNA上调表达。

关键词：雷公藤总生物碱摇蚊杀灭活性谷胱甘肽硫转移酶基因表达

卫星搭载不同紫花苜蓿品种花粉形态的扫描电镜观察

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草地学报 2013年第4期21卷 828-830页

作者：朱琨齐齐哈尔大学生命科学与农林学院黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006

应用扫描电镜对卫星搭载的2个紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)品种的花粉显微结构进行了观察研究。结果表明:花粉为长球形和近球形2种,赤道面观为椭圆形,极面观为三裂圆形,具3(拟)孔沟,沟为条形,狭缝状,沟长至两极,孔处有外突或无;花粉外... 详细信息

应用扫描电镜对卫星搭载的2个紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)品种的花粉显微结构进行了观察研究。结果表明:花粉为长球形和近球形2种,赤道面观为椭圆形,极面观为三裂圆形,具3(拟)孔沟,沟为条形,狭缝状,沟长至两极,孔处有外突或无;花粉外壁纹饰为穴状、粗糙状、网状3种;花粉的外壁纹饰不同品种间以及同一品种的不同处理间均有差异。这2个紫花苜蓿品种的花粉形状、大小和外壁纹饰与地面对照对应品种的花粉存在显著差异(P<0.05),表明空间飞行因子可导致花粉发育异常及可遗传突变等诱变效应。卫星搭载的2个品种存在花粉败育,不同品种间败育花粉数量存在差异。败育花粉粒形状干瘪,外形异常。

关键词：卫星搭载紫花苜蓿花粉形态扫描电镜

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论高管“问题薪酬”的董事问责

现代法学 2010年第4期32卷 173-181页

作者：朱羿锟暨南大学法学院广东广州510632

如遇高管薪酬,董事就可能基于互惠和群体思维等情景以及单纯接触效应和框定效应下的生物本能,无意识地"董董相护",高管"寻租"如愿以偿,自应对董事问责。理性回路下的注意路径不能对情感回路下的"董董相护"对症下药,实际上放纵了高管"问... 详细信息

如遇高管薪酬,董事就可能基于互惠和群体思维等情景以及单纯接触效应和框定效应下的生物本能,无意识地"董董相护",高管"寻租"如愿以偿,自应对董事问责。理性回路下的注意路径不能对情感回路下的"董董相护"对症下药,实际上放纵了高管"问题薪酬"。以诚信路径予以涵摄,则可以不枉不纵。是否构成"董董相护",需借助于高管薪酬的合理性进行推论。基于高管薪酬合理性边界的模糊性,拿捏高管薪酬的合理性,需以企业价值最大化为指针,借助高管薪酬的标准、水平和结构的合理性,厘定相应的参照系。

关键词：高管问题薪酬董董相护合理性审查

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国家利益视阈下海外侨胞法律地位重构

现代法学 2019年第4期41卷 181-195页

作者：朱羿锟暨南大学法学院/知识产权学院

海外侨胞关乎国际关系,自然关乎国家利益。为了凝聚海外侨胞,国籍制度为国家利益应转型重塑,从'为我所有'走向'为我所用'。相应地,国籍不再与公民专属权绑定,双重国籍不再等同于双重公民权。在人权和公民权之间,侨胞权赢得了独立的地位... 详细信息

海外侨胞关乎国际关系,自然关乎国家利益。为了凝聚海外侨胞,国籍制度为国家利益应转型重塑,从'为我所有'走向'为我所用'。相应地,国籍不再与公民专属权绑定,双重国籍不再等同于双重公民权。在人权和公民权之间,侨胞权赢得了独立的地位。海外侨胞的血缘与国家利益有机融合,成为争夺国际资金、技术及人才资源的法律利器。为引导海外侨胞参与'一带一路'建设,共同致力于中华民族伟大复兴,应尽快推动海外侨胞国家层面立法,适时废止单一国籍规则,引入华裔证(海外公民)制度,强化海外侨胞权的法律保障。侨胞新型国籍意味着国籍与公民专属权不再自动挂钩,海外侨胞的国是参与机制与国内公民截然有别,海内外公民各得其所,相互促进,彼此鼓励。海外侨胞身份认定是绕不开的坎,外籍华人侨胞身份乃重中之重。外籍华人侨胞身份认定完全可行,亦与国家利益兼容。

关键词：海外侨胞侨胞权法律地位国家利益