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C-CORE:Clustering by Code Representation to Prioritize Test Cases in Compiler Testing

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 2069-2093页

作者： Wei zhou Xincong Jiang Chuan qin School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China Hikvision Research Institute Hangzhou Hikvision Digital Technology Co.Ltd.Hangzhou310051China

Edge devices,due to their limited computational and storage resources,often require the use of compilers for program optimization.Therefore,ensuring the security and reliability of these compilers is of paramount importance in the emerging field of edge AI.One widely used testing method for this purpose is fuzz testing,which detects bugs by inputting random test cases into the target program.However,this process consumes significant time and resources.To improve the efficiency of compiler fuzz testing,it is common practice to utilize test case prioritization techniques.Some researchers use machine learning to predict the code coverage of test cases,aiming to maximize the test capability for the target compiler by increasing the overall predicted coverage of the test cases.Nevertheless,these methods can only forecast the code coverage of the compiler at a specific optimization level,potentially missing many optimization-related bugs.In this paper,we introduce C-CORE(short for Clustering by Code Representation),the first framework to prioritize test cases according to their code representations,which are derived directly from the source codes.This approach avoids being limited to specific compiler states and extends to a broader range of compiler bugs.Specifically,we first train a scaled pre-trained programming language model to capture as many common features as possible from the test cases generated by a fuzzer.Using this pre-trained model,we then train two downstream models:one for predicting the likelihood of triggering a bug and another for identifying code representations associated with bugs.Subsequently,we cluster the test cases according to their code representations and select the highest-scoring test case from each cluster as the high-quality test case.This reduction in redundant testing cases leads to time savings.Comprehensive evaluation results reveal that code representations are better at distinguishing test capabilities,and C-CORE significantly enhances testing efficiency.Across four datasets,C-COR

关键词： Compiler testing test case prioritization code representation

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Genetic mutation of Tas2r104/Tas2r105/Tas2r114 cluster leads to a loss of taste perception to denatonium benzoate and cucurbitacin B

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2024年第3期7卷 324-336页

作者： Bowen Niu Lingling Liu Qian Gao Meng-Min Zhu Lixiang Chen Xiu-Hua Peng Boying qin Xiaohui zhou feng Li Department of Laboratory Animal Science Shanghai Public Health Clinical CenterFudan UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Biology College of Life SciencesShanghai Normal UniversityShanghaiPeople's Republic of China

Background:Bitter taste receptors(Tas2rs)are generally considered to sense various bitter compounds to escape the intake of toxic substances.Bitter taste receptors have been found to widely express in extraoral tissues and have important physiological functions outside the gustatory system in vivo.Methods:To investigate the physiological functions of the bitter taste receptor cluster Tas2r106/Tas2r104/Tas2r105/Tas2r114 in lingual and extraoral tissues,multiple Tas2rs mutant mice and Gnat3 were produced using CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing technique.A mixture containing Cas9 and sgRNA mRNAs for Tas2rs and Gnat3 gene was microinjected into the cytoplasm of the zygotes.Then,T7EN1 assays and sequencing were used to screen genetic mutation at the target sites in founder mice.Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)and immunostaining were used to study the expression level of taste signaling cascade and bitter taste receptor in taste buds.Perception to taste substance was also studied using twobottle preference tests.Results:We successfully produced several Tas2rs and Gnat3 mutant mice using the CRISPR/Cas9 technique.Immunostaining results showed that the expression of GNAT3 and PLCB2 was not altered in Tas2rs mutant mice.But qRT-PCR results revealed the changed expression profile of m Tas2rs gene in taste buds of these mutant mice.With two-bottle preference tests,these mutant mice eliminate responses to cycloheximide due to genetic mutation of Tas2r105.In addition,these mutant mice showed a loss of taste perception to quinine dihydrochloride,denatonium benzoate,and cucurbitacin B(CuB).Gnat3-mediated taste receptor and its signal pathway contribute to CuB perception.Conclusions:These findings implied that these mutant mice would be a valuable means to understand the biological functions of TAS2Rs in extraoral tissues and investigate bitter compound-induced responses mediated by these TAS2Rs in many extraoral tissues.

关键词： bitter taste receptor CRISPR/Cas9 genetic mutation two-bottle preference test type 2 taste receptors(Tas2rs)

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Excellent energy storage performance in Bi_(0.5)Na_(0.5)TiO_(3)-based lead-free high-entropy relaxor ferroelectrics via B-site modification

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第3期13卷 345-353页

作者： Kaihua Yang Gengguang Luo Li Ma Ruoxuan Che Zhiyi Che qin feng Zhenyong Cen Xiyong Chen Jiajun zhou Nengneng Luo State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures School of ResourcesEnvironment and MaterialsGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China School of Optical and Electronic Information Key Lab of Functional Materials for Electronic Information(B)of Ministry of EducationHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

Next-generation advanced high/pulsed power capacitors urgently require dielectric materials with outstanding energy storage performance.Bi_(0.5)Na_(0.5)TiO_(3)-based lead-free materials exhibit high polarization,but the high remanent polarization and large polarization hysteresis limit their applications in dielectric capacitors.Herein,high-entropy perovskite relaxor ferroelectrics(Na_(0.2)Bi_(0.2)Ba_(0.2)Sr_(0.2)Ca_(0.2))(Ti1-x%Zrx%)O_(3)are designed by adding multiple ions in the A-site and replacing the B-site Ti^(4+)with a certain amount of Zr^(4+).The newly designed system showed high relaxor feature and slim polarization-electric(P-E)loops.Especially,improved relaxor feature and obviously delayed polarization saturation were found with the increasing of Zr^(4+).Of particular importance is that both high recoverable energy storage density of 6.6 J/cm^(3) and energy efficiency of 93.5%were achieved under 550 kV/cm for the ceramics of x=6,accompanying with excellent frequency stability,appreciable thermal stability,and prosperous discharge property.This work not only provides potential dielectric materials for energy storage applications,but also offers an effective strategy to obtain dielectric ceramics with ultrahigh comprehensive energy storage performance to meet the demanding requirements of advanced energy storage applications.

关键词： energy storage density (Bi_(0.5)Na_(0.5))TiO_(3) high-entropy perovskite ceramics polarization saturation relaxor ferroelectrics(RFEs)

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METTL5 promotes gastric cancer progression via sphingomyelin metabolism

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第5期16卷 1925-1946页

作者： Ya-Qiong Zhang Jian Li Zhe qin De-Ming Li Fang-zhou Ye Song-Hua Bei Xiao-Hong Zhang Li feng Endoscopy Center Minhang Hospital Affiliated to Fudan UniversityShanghai 201100China

BACKGROUND The treatment of gastric cancer(GC)has caused an enormous social burden worldwide.Accumulating studies have reported that N6-methyladenosine(m6A)is closely related to tumor progression.METTL5 is a m6A methyltransferase that plays a pivotal role in maintaining the metabolic stability of cells.However,its aberrant regulation in GC has not been fully elucidated.AIM To excavate the role of METTL5 in the development of GC.METHODS METTL5 expression and clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed via The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset and further verified via immunohistochemistry,western blotting and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction in tissue microarrays and clinical samples.The tumor-promoting effect of METTL5 on HGC-27 and AGS cells was explored in vitro by Cell Counting Kit-8 assays,colony formation assays,scratch healing assays,transwell assays and flow cytometry.The tumor-promoting role of METTL5 in vivo was evaluated in a xenograft tumor model.The EpiQuik m6A RNA Methylation Quantification Kit was used for m6A quantification.Next,liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to evaluate the association between METTL5 and sphingomyelin metabolism,which was confirmed by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and rescue tests.In addition,we investigated whether METTL5 affects the sensitivity of GC cells to cisplatin via colony formation and transwell experiments.RESULTS Our research revealed substantial upregulation of METTL5,which suggested a poor prognosis of GC patients.Increased METTL5 expression indicated distant lymph node metastasis,advanced cancer stage and pathological grade.An increased level of METTL5 correlated with a high degree of m6A methylation.METTL5 markedly promotes the proliferation,migration,and invasion of GC cells in vitro.METTL5 also promotes the growth of GC in animal models.METTL5 knockdown resulted in significant changes in sphingomyelin metabolism,which implies that METTL5 may impact the development of GC via sphingomyelin metabolism.In addition,high METTL5 expr

关键词： Gastric cancer METTL5 Sphingomyelin metabolism Cisplatin

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Predicting the prognosis of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第6期16卷 2380-2393页

作者： Qi-feng Wang Zong-Wei Li Hai-feng zhou Kun-Zhong Zhu Ya-Jing Wang Ya-qin Wang Yue-Wei Zhang Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Center Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital Affiliated to Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 102218China Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Qinghai University Affiliated HospitalXining 810000Qinghai ProvinceChina

Hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy(HAIC)has good clinical efficacy in the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC);however,its efficacy varies.This review summarized the ability of various markers to predict the efficacy of HAIC and provided a reference for clinical applications.As of October 25,2023,51 articles have been retrieved based on keyword predictions and HAIC.Sixteen eligible articles were selected for inclusion in this study.Comprehensive literature analysis found that methods used to predict the efficacy of HAIC include serological testing,gene testing,and imaging testing.The above indicators and their combined forms showed excellent predictive effects in retrospective studies.This review summarized the strategies currently used to predict the efficacy of HAIC in middle and advanced HCC,analyzed each marker's ability to predict HAIC efficacy,and provided a reference for the clinical application of the prediction system.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy Prediction Prognosis Imaging Biomarkers Genomics

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Hemorrhagic transformation in patients with large-artery atherosclerotic stroke is associated with the gut microbiota and lipopolysaccharide

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1532-1540页

作者： qin Huang Minping Wei Xianjing feng Yunfang Luo Yunhai Liu Jian Xia Department of Neurology Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Peking University People’s HospitalBeijingChina Clinical Research Center for Cerebrovascular Disease of Hunan Province Central South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina

Hemorrhagic transformation is a major complication of large-artery atheroscle rotic stroke(a major ischemic stro ke subtype)that wo rsens outcomes and increases mortality.Disruption of the gut microbiota is an important feature of stroke,and some specific bacteria and bacterial metabolites may contribute to hemorrhagic transformation pathogenesis.We aimed to investigate the relationship between the gut microbiota and hemorrhagic transformation in largearte ry atheroscle rotic stro ke.An observational retrospective study was conducted.From May 2020 to September 2021,blood and fecal samples were obtained upon admission from 32 patients with first-ever acute ischemic stroke and not undergoing intravenous thrombolysis or endovascular thrombectomy,as well as 16 healthy controls.Patients with stro ke who developed hemorrhagic transfo rmation(n=15)were compared to those who did not develop hemorrhagic transformation(n=17)and with healthy controls.The gut microbiota was assessed through 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid sequencing.We also examined key components of the lipopolysaccharide pathway:lipopolysaccharide,lipopolysaccharide-binding protein,and soluble CD14.We observed that bacterial diversity was decreased in both the hemorrhagic transformation and non-hemorrhagic transfo rmation group compared with the healthy controls.The patients with ischemic stro ke who developed hemorrhagic transfo rmation exhibited altered gut micro biota composition,in particular an increase in the relative abundance and dive rsity of members belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family.Plasma lipopolysaccharide and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein levels were higher in the hemorrhagic transformation group compared with the non-hemorrhagic transfo rmation group.lipopolysaccharide,lipopolysaccharide-binding protein,and soluble CD14 concentrations were associated with increased abundance of Enterobacte riaceae.Next,the role of the gut microbiota in hemorrhagic transformation was evaluated using an experimental stroke rat model.In this model,t

关键词： gut microbiota hemorrhagic transformation inflammation lipopolysaccharide stroke

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Spatial Distribution Feature Extraction Network for Open Set Recognition of Electromagnetic Signal

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第4期139卷 279-296页

作者： Hui Zhang Huaji zhou Li Wang feng zhou The Ministry Key Laboratory of Electronic Information Countermeasure and Simulation Xidian UniversityXi’an710071China Science and Technology on Communication Information Security Control Laboratory Jiaxing314033China

This paper proposes a novel open set recognition method,the Spatial Distribution Feature Extraction Network(SDFEN),to address the problem of electromagnetic signal recognition in an open environment.The spatial distribution feature extraction layer in SDFEN replaces convolutional output neural networks with the spatial distribution features that focus more on inter-sample information by incorporating class center vectors.The designed hybrid loss function considers both intra-class distance and inter-class distance,thereby enhancing the similarity among samples of the same class and increasing the dissimilarity between samples of different classes during training.Consequently,this method allows unknown classes to occupy a larger space in the feature space.This reduces the possibility of overlap with known class samples and makes the boundaries between known and unknown samples more distinct.Additionally,the feature comparator threshold can be used to reject unknown samples.For signal open set recognition,seven methods,including the proposed method,are applied to two kinds of electromagnetic signal data:modulation signal and real-world emitter.The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the other six methods overall in a simulated open environment.Specifically,compared to the state-of-the-art Openmax method,the novel method achieves up to 8.87%and 5.25%higher micro-F-measures,respectively.

关键词： Electromagnetic signal recognition deep learning feature extraction open set recognition

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Cogeneration of Innovative Audio-visual Content: A New Challenge for Computing Art

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第1期21卷 4-28页

作者： Mengting Liu Ying zhou Yuwei Wu feng Gao Advanced Institute of Information Technology Peking UniversityHangzhou311215China School of Electronic and Computer Engineering Shenzhen Graduate SchoolPeking UniversityShenzhen 518000China Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen 518000China School of Arts Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

In recent years,computing art has developed rapidly with the in-depth cross study of artificial intelligence generated con-tent(AIGC)and the main features of artworks.Audio-visual content generation has gradually been applied to various practical tasks,including video or game score,assisting artists in creation,art education and other aspects,which demonstrates a broad application pro-spect.In this paper,we introduce innovative achievements in audio-visual content generation from the perspective of visual art genera-tion and auditory art generation based on artificial intelligence(Al).We outline the development tendency of image and music datasets,visual and auditory content modelling,and related automatic generation systems.The objective and subjective evaluation of generated samples plays an important role in the measurement of algorithm performance.We provide a cogeneration mechanism of audio-visual content in multimodal tasks from image to music and display the construction of specific stylized datasets.There are still many new op-portunities and challenges in the field of audio-visual synesthesia generation,and we provide a comprehensive discussion on them.

关键词： Artificial intelligence(AI)art audio-visual artificial intelligence generated content(AIGC) multimodal artistic evalu-ation

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Plasma-etching on monolithic MOFs-based MIM filter boosted chemical sensing

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2800-2807页

作者： Jianxi Liu Li feng Zhihuan Li Yang Wu feng zhou Yadong Xu Research&Development Institute Northwestern Polytechnical University in ShenzhenShenzhen 518057China State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Yantai Zhongke Research Institute of Advanced Materials and Green Chemical Engineering Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing at YantaiYantai 264006China State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication Lanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China

Metal-insulator-metal(MIM)cavity as a lithography-free structure to control light transmission and reflection has great potential in the field of optical sensing.However,the dense top metal layer of the MIM prohibits any external medium from entering the dielectric insulation layer,which limits the application of the cavity in the sensing field.Herein,we demonstrate a series of monolithic metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)based MIM cavities,which are treated by plasma etching to provide channels for chemical diffusion and to advance sensing.We modulate the bandwidth of the MIM filters by controlling the MOF thickness as insulator layers.Oxygen plasma-etching is applied to build channels on the top metal layer without altering their saturation and brightness for chemical sensing performance.The etching time regulates the number and size of channels on the top metal layer.Sensing behavior is demonstrated on the plasma-etched MOFs-based MIM cavity when external chemicals diffuse in the cavity.In addition,we generate patterned structure of the MOFs-based MIM cavity via plasma-mask method,which can transfer to different substrates and produce a controllable structure color change for chemical sensing.Our MIM cavity may promote the advancement and applications of structural color in security imaging,color display,information anticounterfeiting,and color printing.

关键词： metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) spin-coating metal-insulator-metal filter patterns sensing

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Co_(3)S_(4)-pyrolysis lotus fiber flexible textile as a hybrid electrocatalyst for overall water splitting

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第2期89卷 336-344,I0008页

作者： Qiulan zhou Zhen Liu Xuxu Wang Yaqian Li Xin qin Lijuan Guo Liwei zhou Weijian Xu Academician Workstation Changsha Medical UniversityChangsha 410219HunanChina College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082HunanChina College of Environmental Science and Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082HunanChina School of Basic Medicine Changsha Medical UniversityChangsha 410219HunanChina

Electrocatalytic overall water splitting(OWS),a pivotal approach in addressing the global energy crisis,aims to produce hydrogen and oxygen.However,most of the catalysts in powder form are adhesively bounding to the electrodes,resulting in catalyst detachment by bubble generation and other uncertain interference,and eventually reducing the OWS performance.To surmount this challenge,we synthesized a hybrid material of Co_(3)S_(4)-pyrolysis lotus fiber(labeled as Co_(3)S_(4)-p LF)textile by hydrothermal and hightemperature pyrolysis processes for electrocatalytic OWS.Owing to the natural LF textile exposing the uniformly distributed functional groups(AOH,ANH_(2),etc.)to anchor Co_(3)S_(4)nanoparticles with hierarchical porous structure and outstanding hydrophily,the hybrid Co_(3)S_(4)-p LF catalyst shows low overpotentials at 10 m A cm^(-2)(η_(10,HER)=100 m Vη_(10,OER)=240 mV)alongside prolonged operational stability during electrocatalytic reactions.Theoretical calculations reveal that the electron transfer from p LF to Co_(3)S_(4)in the hybrid Co_(3)S_(4)-p LF is beneficial to the electrocatalytic process.This work will shed light on the development of nature-inspired carbon-based materials in hybrid electrocatalysts for OWS.

关键词： Overall water splitting Hybrid electrocatalyst Textile Lotus fiber Co_(3)S_(4)nanoparticles

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