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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2015年第1期89卷 242-250页

作者： GUO Xiaohua lai zhongping LU Yudong LI Xiaolin SUN Zheng Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education School of Environmental Science and Engineering Chang'an University School of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences Key Laboratory of Environmental Geology of Qinghai Province Qinghai Provincial 906 Qinghai Institute of Geological Investigation

Giant landslides are common along the upper Yellow River from Longyang Gorge to Liujia Gorge, and some of them even blocked and dammed the upper Yellow River. Chronology is inevitable in studying the mechanism of giant landslides. Controversy exists about the chronology of those giant landslides, and some have not yet dated. The Dehenglong landslide is the largest one among them. In this study, OSL samples were collected from lacustrine silty sediments and loess directly overlying the landslide sediments, as well as fault sediments related to the landslide. This landslide yielded an age of 89 ±8 ka, which is identical with the fault age of 73 ±5 ka at two sigma errors. The agreement of a topographic analysis and the absolute age of landslides imply that the formation of the Dehenglong landslide is strongly correlated with the tectonic activity.

关键词： landslide OSL Upper Yellow River in China Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

Origin and evolution of oilfield brines from Tertiary strata in western Qaidam Basin:Constraints from ^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr,δD,δ^(18)O,δ^(34)S and water chemistry

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2010年第4期29卷 446-454页

作者： FAN Qishun MA Haizhou lai zhongping TAN Hongbing LI Tingwei Key Laboratory of Salt Lake Resources and Chemistry Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes Chinese Academy of Sciences Xining 810008 China Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering Hohai University Nanjing 210098 China

Chemistry of major and minor elements,87Sr/86Sr,δD,δ18O and δ34S of brines were measured from Tertiary strata and Quaternary salt lakes in the western Qaidam *** water chemistry data show that all oilfield brines are CaCl2 *** were enriched in Ca2+,B3+,Li+,Sr2+,Br-,and were depleted in Mg2+,SO42-,which indicated that these brines had the characteristics of deeply circulated *** relationship between δD and δ18O shows that all data of these brines decline towards the Global Meteoric Water Line(GWL) and Qaidam Meteoric Water Line(QWL),and that the intersection between oilfield brines and Meteoric Water Lines was close to the local spring and fresh water in the piedmont in the western Qaidam *** results suggest that oilfield brines has initially originated from meteoric water,and then might be affected by water-rock metamorphose,because most oilfield brines distribute in the range of metamorphosing *** 87Sr/86Sr values of most oilfield brines range from 0.71121 to 0.71194,and was less than that in salt lake water(>0.712),but close to that of halite in the study *** imply that salt dissolution occurred in the process of *** addition,all oilfield brines have obviously much positive δ34S values(ranging from 26.46‰ to 54.57‰) than that of salt lake brines,which was caused by bacterial sulfate reduction resulting in positive shift of δ34S value and depleteed SO42-in oilfield *** with water chemical data and δD,δ18O,87Sr/86Sr,δ34S values,we concluded that oilfield brines mainly originate from the deeply circulated meteoric waters,and then are affected by salt dissolution,water-rock metamorphose,sulfate reduction and dolomitization during the process of *** processes alter the chemical compositions of oilfield brines and accumulate rich elements(such as B,Li,Sr,Br,K and so on) for sustainable utilization of salt lake resources in the Qaidam Basin.

关键词：柴达木盆地西部油田卤水第三纪水化学地层硫酸盐还原锶演化

Five decades of glacier changes in the Hulugou Basin of central Qilian Mountains, Northwest China

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Journal of Arid Land 2015年第2期7卷 159-165页

作者： Hui CHEN ZhongQin LI PuYu WANG zhongping lai RenSheng CHEN BaoJuan HUAI College of Geography and Environmental Science Northwest Normal University Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences

The Heihe River Basin is the second largest inland river basin in the arid regions of Northwest China. Glaciers provide a large proportion of water resources for human production and living. Studies of glacier changes and their impact on water resources in the arid lands are of vital importance. A joint expedition was carried out in 2010 for investigating glaciers in the Hulugou Basin, which is located in the upper reaches of Heihe River. There- fore, glacier changes in the Hulugou Basin of central Qilian Mountains during the past 50 years were analyzed in this study by comparing topographic maps, satellite images, digital elevation models and field observation data from different periods. Results showed that the total area of the 6 glaciers in the Hulugou Basin decreased by 0.590±0.005 km^2 during the period 1956-2011, corresponding to a loss of 40.7% over the total area in 1956. The average area reduction rate of the 6 glaciers is 0.011 km^2/a. During the past five decades, the glacier shrinkage was accelerated. The changes in glacier ice surface elevation ranged from -15 to 3 m with an average thinning of 10±8 m or an annual decrease of 0.23±0.18 m （0.20±0.15 m/a water equivalent） for the period 1956-2000. The area of Shiyi Glacier in the Hulugou Basin decreased from 0.64 km^2 in 1956 to 0.53 km2 in 2011 with a reduction rate of 17.2%. The Shiyi Glacier had been divided into two separated glaciers because of severe melting. Comparative analysis showed that glacier shrinkage in the Hulugou Basin is more serious than that in the other regions of Qilian Mountains.

关键词： glacier change ice surface elevation change climate change Shiyi Glacier Hulugou Basin

OSL chronology and paleoclimatic implications of paleodunes in the middle and southwestern Qaidam Basin, Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2013年第2期5卷 211-219页

作者： LuPeng Yu zhongping lai Ping An Qinghai Geological Survey Institute State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Salt Lake Resources and Chemistry Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes Chinese Academy of Sciences

Aeolian sediments are widely distributed in the Qaidam Basin, northeastern Qinghai-Ti^tan Plateau （QTP）. The pale（xiunes are mainly located at the southeastern, middle and southwestem Qaidam Basin. However, ages ofpaleodunes in the middle and southwestern Qaidam Basin have not been well studied, although they are close to and might connect to the evolution of salt lakes in the cenWal basin. In this study, we use single aliquot regeneration （SAR） protocol of Optically Stimulated Luminescence （OSL） to date the dune sand in these two regions. The results show that：（1） Sand accumulation in these regions started at ca. 4-3 ka and lasted to ca. 0.5 ka when they were stabilized, due to the arid climate in the late Holocene. （2） The underlying fluvial sand was fomaed during deghcialion at 12.6±0.8 ka. （3） The stabilization pe- riods of the paleodunes correspond to stages of glacier advance in the northeastem QTP, during which lower temperatures caused the decrease of evapomlion and increase of the effective moisttwe, leading to an increase of vegetation cover and stabilizalion of the dunes.

关键词： Qaidam Basin aeolian sediments paleodunes Luminescence dating Holocene climate

Luminescence Chronology and Radiocarbon Reservoir Age Determination of Lacustrine Sediments from the Heihai Lake,NE Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and Its Paleoclimate Implications

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Journal of Earth Science 2018年第3期29卷 695-706页

作者： Fuyuan An zhongping lai Xiangjun Liu Yixuan Wang Qiufang Chang Baoliang Lu Xiaoyun Yang Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes Chinese Academy of SciencesXining 810008China Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Geology and Environment of Salt Lakes Qinghai Institute of Salt LakesChinese Academy of SciencesXining 810008China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Sciences Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China School of Earth Sciences China University of GeoscieneesWuhan 430074China Department of Geology Baylor UniversityWaco 76798USA

The accurately determining the lake ^14C reservoir age has a crucial significance for climatic reconstruction. In this study, the optically stimulated luminescence （OSL） dating method is employed to date samples from highstand lacustrine sediments, palaeoshoreline, fluvial terrace, and the alluvial fan of the Heihai Lake catchment. Accelerator mass spectrometry （AMS） 14C dating was also used to date fossil plants from highstand lacustrine sediments. Based on the calculations of linear regression with OSL against radiocarbon ages for same layers of two sections, the quantitative ^14C reservoir ages were estimated to lie between 3 353 and 3 464 yr during the 1.8 to 2.4 ka, which showed temporal variation. The sources of old carbon are the dissolution of carbonate bedrocks distributed along the Kunlun Mountain. The OSL ages of the different members of the hydatogen sedimentary system at Heihai Lake catchment indicate that a stronger hydrologic condition occurred from 3.0±0.2 to 1.8±0.2 ka, with a maximum lake level of 9 m higher than present. This humid stage was widely recorded in different sediments on the QTP and Chinese Loess Plateau （CLP）, indicating its broad synchronicity across the Asian Summer Monsoon region. The enhanced East Asian Summer Monsoon （EASM） and the Indian Summer Monsoon （ISM） resulted in the increase of moisture availability for the Heihai Lake area during this stage.

关键词： luminescence and radiocarbon dating 14C reservoir age Heihai Lake Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau(QTP) palaeoclimate implications.

Co-occurrence of nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidizing and anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria in two Qinghai-Tibetan saline lakes

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2012年第4期6卷 383-391页

作者： Jian YANG Hongchen JIANG Geng WU Weiguo HOU Yongjuan SUN zhongping lai Hailiang DONG State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes Chinese Academy of Sciences Xining 810008 China State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Enginee-ring Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China Department of Geology and Environmental Earth Science Miami University Oxford OH 45056 USA

Nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane-oxidiz- ing （n-damo） bacteria and anaerobic ammonia oxidizing （anammox） bacteria are two groups of microorganisms involved in global carbon and nitrogen cycling. In order to test whether the n-damo and anammox bacteria co-occur in natural saline environments, the DNA and cDNA samples obtained from the surficial sediments of two saline lakes （with salinity of 32 and 84 g/L, respectively） on the Tibetan Plateau were PCR-amplified with the use of anammox- and n-damo-specific primer sets, followed by clone library construction and phylogenetic analysis. DNA and cDNA- based clones affiliated with n-damo and anammox bacteria were successfully retrieved from the two samples, indicating that these two groups of bacteria can co-occur in natural saline environments with salinity as high as 84g/L. Our finding has great implications for our understanding of the global carbon and nitrogen cycle in nature.

关键词： anammox n-damo co-occurrence saline lakes Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

Aeolian component records in lacustrine sediments and its atmospheric circulation significance for evolution of Qarhan salt lake,NE Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2014年第S1期88卷 1-2页

作者： AN Fuyuan lai zhongping FAN Qishun WEI Haichen MA Haizhou Key Laboratory of Salt Lake Resources and Chemistry Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Sciences Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InsituteChinese Academy of Sciences

1 Introduction The Qarhan Playa of Qaidam Basin is located at the northeastern QinghaiTibetan Plateau(QTP),in which thick lacustrine and evaporate sediments deposited since the late Pleistocene(Chen et al.,1985,1986).As surrounded by capacious Gobi and yardang fields and suffered strong westerly-northwesterly wind,abundant aeolian materials were trapped in these sediment sequences in the

关键词： Aeolian component in lacustrine sediments Atmospheric circulation East Asian winter monsoon(EAWM) evolution of Qarhan salt lake Qaidam Basin

Reconstruction of cultivated land during mJid- Holocene in the middle and lower reaches of Yellow River and human impact on vegetations

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2012年第5期22卷 933-945页

作者： HOU Guangliang lai zhongping XIAO Jingyi E Chongyi MOE Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Environment and Resources Qinghai Normal University Xining 810008 China State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Sciences Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Re-search Institute CAS Lanzhou 730000 China

Yangshao culture is the most important mid-Holocene Neolithic culture in the Yellow River catchment, and thus, a study on the impact of human activities on the environment is important. In the current study, the distribution pattern of the cultivated land in late Yangshao culture is reconstructed using GIS tool and site domain analysis （SDA）. The results show that the cultivated land during 5.5-5.0 ka BP was mainly distributed in the Weihe River valley, Luohe River valley, northwestern Henan Plain, Fenhe River valley and eastern Gansu region, especially concentrated in the Xi＇an-Baoji line of the Weihe River valley. At that time, at least 37,000 km2 of lands were reclaimed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, and 132,000 km2 of lands were affected by agricultural activities. Human activities had become the driving force of land use/land coverage. Charcoal records indicate that the ancestors of Yangshao culture burnt forests for reclamation, leading to the decrease of arbor pollen at 5 ka BP in core areas of the Yangshao culture. The areas that were significantly affected by human activities accounted for 3.2% of the Yangshao culture influenced area, while the moderately affected areas accounted for 20.1% of Yangshao culture influenced area. Meanwhile, 92% of the land areas on the edge and outside of the Yangshao culture influenced area were not affected by human activities. The arbor pollen in these areas did not decrease until 4.0 ka BP.

关键词： mid-Holocene Yangshao culture cultivated land human activity and its impact on environment themiddle and lower reaches of the Yellow River

Was the enclosed Qaidam Basin of The Tibetan Plateau Accumulative or Erosive during the Late Quaternary?

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2014年第S1期88卷 14-14页

作者： lai zhongping Key Laboratory of Salt Lake Resources and Chemistry Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Sciences Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences

A geological feature in the Qaidam Basin known as the"Shell Bar"contains millions of freshwater articulated clam shells buried *** the 1980s this feature in the now hyper-arid basin has been interpreted to be lake deposits that provide evidence for a warmer and more humid climate than present during late Marine Isotope Stage 3(MIS 3)(Bowler et al.,1986).However,the global climate during

关键词： Was the enclosed Qaidam Basin of The Tibetan Plateau Accumulative or Erosive during the Late Quaternary OSL

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光释光测年基本流程

地理科学进展 2013年第5期32卷 683-693页

作者：赖忠平欧先交中国科学院青海盐湖研究所释光测年实验室西宁810008 嘉应学院地理科学与旅游学院梅州514015

光释光测年是对沉积物上一次曝光事件年代的测定。自20世纪80年代该方法提出以来，得到了越来越广泛的应用。相对于”C测年，光释光测年虽存在误差偏大的不足（一般5％～10％），但是具有以下明显优势：①其测年年限范围比前者大得多；... 详细信息

光释光测年是对沉积物上一次曝光事件年代的测定。自20世纪80年代该方法提出以来，得到了越来越广泛的应用。相对于”C测年，光释光测年虽存在误差偏大的不足（一般5％～10％），但是具有以下明显优势：①其测年年限范围比前者大得多；②测年物质（石英或长石）丰富，这在干旱半干旱区的沙漠和湖泊中尤其重要，因为在这些地区很难找到可用于“C测年的有机质；③是对沉积物的直接定年；④测年事件包括曝光、受热（400℃以上）、火山、地震和晶体（方解石等）形成等。本文介绍了光释光测年的整个实验过程，包括采样、前处理、等效剂量测定、年剂量测定等，以期让有需要的地学同行了解这一方法，尤其是了解从地层或岩芯等取样的过程中应注意的事项。重点介绍单片再生剂量法（SAR）与标准生长曲线法（SGC）相结合测定等效剂量的实验方法（我们命名为***法）。该方法能大大提高仪器的使用效率，可节省仪器时间60％以上。通过氟硅酸溶蚀长石来提取石英的中颗粒（38—63gm）的前处理过程简便易行，获得的石英纯度高，且可以避免使用危险的氢氟酸。中国科学院青海盐湖研究所释光测年实验室近几年应用SAP,．SGC法对黄土、沙漠、湖泊、海洋、冰川、考古点等各种类型沉积物进行光释光测年，都获得了很好的结果。

关键词：光释光测年技术采样与实验室流程石英中颗粒法等效剂量测定的SAR SGC法