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Pyruvate kinase M in germ cells is essential for sperm motility and male fertility but not spermatogenesis

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第2期26卷 212-219页

作者： Gao-Qing Qian Xiao-Chen Wang Xi zhang Bin shen {2. Liu State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine Department of HistoembryologyGenetics and Developmental BiologyShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025China State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular AndrologyShanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell BiologyCenter for Excellence in Molecular Cell ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China

Male germ cells employ specific metabolic pathways throughout their developmental *** a previous study,we discovered heightened expression of pyruvate kinase M(PKM),a pivotal glycolytic enzyme,in spermatogonia and *** gain deeper insights into PKM's roles in spermatogenesis,sperm function,and male fertility,we engineered a conditional-knockout mouse model(Pkm-vkO mice)to selectively disrupt the Pkm gene within germ *** maintaining regular testicular histology and sperm morphology,the male Pkm-vko mice were infertility,characterized by significant impairments in sperm motility and adenosine triphosphate(ATP)*** addition,Pkm-null spermatozoa exhibited similar deficits in protein tyrosine phosphorylation linked to capacitation,as well as compromised performance in in vitro fertilization *** conclude,PKM's presence is not obligatory for the entirety of spermatogenesis in male germ cells;however,it emerges as a critical factor influencing sperm motility and overall male fertility.

关键词： glycolysis male fertility pyruvate kinase M sperm motility spermatogenesis

Bioinspired 3D flexible devices and functional systems

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National science Review 2024年第3期11卷 271-295页

作者： Xu Cheng zhangming shen Yihui zhang Applied Mechanics Laboratory Department of Engineering Mechanics Tsinghua University Laboratory of Flexible Electronics technology Tsinghua University

Flexible devices and functional systems with elaborated three-dimensional(3D) architectures can endow better mechanical/electrical performances, more design freedom, and unique functionalities, when compared to their two-dimensional(2.) counterparts. Such 3D flexible devices/systems are rapidly evolving in three primary directions, including the miniaturization, the increasingly merged physical/artificial intelligence and the enhanced adaptability and capabilities of heterogeneous *** challenges exist in this emerging research area, such as relatively poor controllability in the locomotion of soft robotic systems, mismatch of bioelectronic interfaces, and signal coupling in multi-parameter sensing. By virtue of long-time–optimized materials, structures and processes, natural organisms provide rich sources of inspiration to address these challenges, enabling the design and manufacture of many bioinspired 3D flexible devices/systems. In this Review, we focus on bioinspired 3D flexible devices and functional systems, and summarize their representative design concepts, manufacturing methods, principles of structure-function relationship and broad-ranging applications. Discussions on existing challenges, potential solutions and future opportunities are also provided to usher in further research efforts toward realizing bioinspired 3D flexible devices/systems with precisely programmed shapes,enhanced mechanical/electrical performances, and high-level physical/artificial intelligence.

关键词： bioinspired designs biomimetic 3D structures 3D flexible electronics 3D functional systems direct 3D manufacture 2.-to-3D assembly

Appropriate Supply of Ammonium Nitrogen and Ammonium Nitrate Reduces Cadmium Content in Rice Seedlings by Inhibiting Cadmium Uptake and Transport

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Rice science 2024年第5期31卷 587-602,I0062-I0064页

作者： HU Yunchao YAN Tiancai GAO Zhenyu WANG Tiankang LU Xueli yang Long shen Lan {2. qiang HU Jiang REN Deyong {2. Guangheng ZHU Li LI Li ZENG Dali QIAN Qian LI Qing State Key Laboratory for Rice Biology and Breeding China National Rice Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou 311401China State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice Hunan Hybrid Rice Research CenterHunan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangsha 410125China The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province College of Advanced Agricultural SciencesZhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou 311300China

Reasonable nitrogen(N) application is a promising strategy for reducing crop cadmium(Cd) toxicity. However, the specific form of N and the required amount that affect Cd tolerance and accumulation in rice remain unclear. This study explored the influence of different N-fertilizer forms(NH_(4)NO_(3), NH_4Cl, and KNO_(3)) and dosages on Cd tolerance and uptake in Cd-stressed N-sensitive and N-insensitive indica rice accessions. The results indicated that the Cd tolerance of N-sensitive indica accessions is more robust than that of N-insensitive ones. Furthermore, the shoot Cd content and Cd translocation rate in both N-sensitive and N-insensitive indica accessions decreased with an appropriate supply of NH_(4)NO_(3) and NH_4Cl, whereas they were comparable or slightly increased with increased KNO_(3). Unfortunately, we did not find significant and regular differences in Cd accumulation or translocation between N-sensitive and N-insensitive rice accessions. Consistent with the reduction of shoot Cd content, the addition of NH_(4)NO_(3) and NH_4Cl also inhibited the instantaneous root Cd^(2.) uptake. The expression changes of Cd transport-related genes under different N forms and dosages suggested that the decreased shoot Cd content, caused by the increased supply of NH_(4)NO_(3) and NH_4Cl, is likely achieved by reducing the transcription of OsNRAMP1 and OsIRT1. In summary, our findings reveal that an appropriate supply of NH_(4)NO_(3) and NH_4Cl could reduce Cd uptake and transport in rice seedlings, suggesting that rational N management could reduce the Cd risk in rice production.

关键词： Oryza sativa cadmium nitrogen ammonium nitrate ammonium chloride

Progress in Mechanical Modeling of Implantable Flexible Neural Probes

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2024年第8期140卷 1205-1231页

作者： Xiaoli You Ruiyu Bai Kai Xue Zimo zhang Minghao Wang Xuanqi Wang Jiahao Wang Jinku Guo qiang {2. Honglong Chang Xu Long Bowen Ji Unmanned System Research institute Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710072China National Key Laboratory of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle technology Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710072China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Systems for Aerospace School of Mechanical EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710072China School of Automobile Chang’an UniversityXi’an710018China MOE Engineering Research Center of Smart Microsensors and Microsystems College of Electronics and InformationHangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhou310018China School of Mechanics Civil Engineering and ArchitectureNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710129China

Implanted neural probes can detect weak discharges of neurons in the brain by piercing soft brain tissue,thus as important tools for brain science research,as well as diagnosis and treatment of brain ***,the rigid neural probes,such as Utah arrays,Michigan probes,and metal microfilament electrodes,are mechanically unmatched with brain tissue and are prone to rejection and glial scarring after implantation,which leads to a significant degradation in the signal quality with the implantation *** recent years,flexible neural electrodes are rapidly developed with less damage to biological tissues,excellent biocompatibility,and mechanical compliance to alleviate *** them,the mechanical modeling is important for the optimization of the structure and the implantation *** this review,the theoretical calculation of the flexible neural probes is firstly summarized with the processes of buckling,insertion,and relative interaction with soft brain tissue for flexible probes from outside to ***,the corresponding mechanical simulation methods are organized considering multiple impact factors to realize minimally invasive ***,the technical difficulties and future trends of mechanical modeling are discussed for the next-generation flexible neural probes,which is critical to realize low-invasiveness and long-term coexistence in vivo.

关键词： Mechanical modeling flexible neural probes invasive theoretical calculation simulation

Polarization-dependent photoinduced metal–insulator transitions in manganites

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science Bulletin 2024年第2期69卷 183-189页

作者： Lina Deng Weiye zhang Hanxuan Lin Lifen Xiang Ying Xu Yadi Wang qiang Li Yinyan Zhu Xiaodong Zhou Wenbin Wang Lifeng Yin Hangwen Guo Chuanshan Tian Jian {2. State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computingand Department of PhysicsFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Shanghai Research Center for Quantum sciences Shanghai 201315China zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center Fudan UniversityShanghai 201210China Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing 210093China Shanghai Branch CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum PhysicsShanghai 201315China

In correlated oxides,collaborative manipulation on light intensity,wavelength,pulse duration and polarization has yielded many exotic discoveries,such as phase transitions and novel quantum *** view of potential optoelectronic applications,tailoring long-lived static properties by light-induced effects is highly *** far,the polarization state of light has rarely been reported as a control parameter for this ***,we report polarization-dependent metal-to-insulator transition(MIT)in phaseseparated manganite thin films,introducing a new degree of freedom to control static ***,we observed giant photoinduced resistance jumps with striking features:(1)a single resistance jump occurs upon a linearly polarized light incident with a chosen polarization angle,and a second resistance jump occurs when the polarization angle changes;(2.the amplitude of the second resistance jump depends sensitively on the actual change of the polarization *** transmittance measurements reveal that the origin of the above phenomena is closely related to the coexistence of anisotropic *** results represent a first step to utilize light polarization as an active knob to manipulate static phase transitions,pointing towards new pathways for nonvolatile optoelectronic devices and sensors.

关键词： Metal-insulator phase transitions Polarization of light Electronic phase separation Selective domain controllability

Tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 2.TET2.deficiency elicits EGFR-TKI(tyrosine kinase inhibitors)resistance in non-small cell lung cancer

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第4期9卷 1706-1720页

作者： Jian zhang Kejia Zhao Wenjing Zhou Ran Kang Shiyou Wei Yueli Shu Cheng Yu Yin Ku Yonghong Mao Hao Luo Juqin yang Jiandong Mei {2. Pu Senyi Deng Zhengyu Zha Gang Yuan shensi shen Yaohui Chen Lunxu Liu Department of Thoracic Surgery and institute of Thoracic Oncology West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610097China Western china Collaborative Innovation Center for Early Diagnosis and Multidisciplinary Therapy of Lung Cancer Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610097China Biobank of West china Hospital Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China

Despite epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKl)have shown remarkable efficacy in patients with EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC),acquired resistance inevitably develops,limiting clinical *** found that TET2.was poly-ubiquitinated by E3 ligase CUL7^(FBXW11) and degraded in EGFR-TKI resistant NSCLC *** perturbationof TET2.rendered parental cells more tolerant to TKI ***2.was stabilized by MEK1 phosphorylation at Ser 1107,while MEK1 inactivation promoted its proteasome degradation by enhancing the recruitment of CUL7^(FBXW11),Loss of TET2.resulted in the upregulation of TNF/NF-kB signaling that confers the EGFR-TKI *** or pharmacological inhibition of NF-kB attenuate the TKI resistance both in vitro and in *** findings exemplified how a cell growth controlling kinase MEK1 leveraged the epigenetic homeostasis by regulating TET2.and demonstrated an alternative path of non-mutational acquired EGFR-TKI resistance modulated by TET2.***,combined strategy exploiting EGFR-TKI and inhibitors of TET2.NF-κB axis holds therapeutic potential for treating NSCLC patients who suffered from this resistance.

关键词： TET2 TKI resistance

Low-Cost Federated Broad Learning for Privacy-Preserved Knowledge Sharing in the RIS-Aided Internet of Vehicles

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Engineering 2024年第2期33卷 178-189页

作者： Xiaoming Yuan Jiahui Chen Ning zhang qiang(John)Ye Changle Li Chun{2.g Zhu Xuemin Sherman {2. Qinhuangdao Branch Campus Northeastern UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks&the Research institute of Smart Transportation Xidian UniversityXi’an 710071China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of WindsorWindsorON N9B 3P4Canada Department of Electrical and Software Engineering University of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada SUSTech institute of Future Networks Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of WaterlooWaterlooON N2L 3G1Canada

High-efficiency and low-cost knowledge sharing can improve the decision-making ability of autonomous vehicles by mining knowledge from the Internet of Vehicles(IoVs).However,it is challenging to ensure high efficiency of local data learning models while preventing privacy leakage in a high mobility *** order to protect data privacy and improve data learning efficiency in knowledge sharing,we propose an asynchronous federated broad learning(FBL)framework that integrates broad learning(BL)into federated learning(FL).In FBL,we design a broad fully connected model(BFCM)as a local model for training client *** enhance the wireless channel quality for knowledge sharing and reduce the communication and computation cost of participating clients,we construct a joint resource allocation and reconfigurable intelligent surface(RIS)configuration optimization framework for *** problem is decoupled into two convex *** to improve the resource scheduling efficiency in FBL,a double Davidon–Fletcher–Powell(DDFP)algorithm is presented to solve the time slot allocation and RIS configuration *** on the results of resource scheduling,we design a reward-allocation algorithm based on federated incentive learning(FIL)in FBL to compensate clients for their *** simulation results show that the proposed FBL framework achieves better performance than the comparison models in terms of efficiency,accuracy,and cost for knowledge sharing in the IoV.

关键词： Knowledge sharing Internet of Vehicles Federated learning Broad learning Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces Resource allocation

GR5 acts in the G protein pathway to regulate grain size in rice

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Plant Communications 2024年第1期5卷 181-195页

作者： Yueying Wang yang Lv Haiping Yu Peng Hu Yi Wen Junge Wang Yiqing Tan Hao Wu Lixin Zhu Kaixiong Wu Bingze Chai Jialong Liu Dali Zeng Guangheng zhang Li Zhu Zhenyu Gao Guojun Dong Deyong Ren Lan {2. qiang zhang Qing Li Longbiao Guo Guo{2.g Xiong Qian Qian Jiang Hu State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006China Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory Sanya 572024HainanChina National Nanfan Research institute(Sanya) Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesSanya 572024China Nanjing Agricultural university Nan Jing 210000JiangsuChina

Grain size is an important determinant of grain yield in *** dozens of grain size genes have been reported,the molecular mechanisms that control grain size remain to be fully ***,we report the cloning and characterization of GR5(GRAIN ROUND 5),which is allelic to SMOS1/SHB/RLA1/NGR5 and en-codes an AP2.transcription ***5 acts as a transcriptional activator and determines grain size by influencing cell proliferation and *** demonstrated that GR5 physically interacts withfive Gg subunit proteins(RGG1,RGG2.DEP1,GS3,and GGC2.and acts downstream of the G protein *** downstream target genes of GR5 in grain development(DEP2.DEP3,DRW1,and CyCD5;2.were re-vealed and their core T/CGCAC motif identified by yeast one-hybrid,EMSA,and ChIP–PCR *** results revealed that GR5 interacts with Gg subunits and cooperatively determines grain size by regu-lating the expression of downstream target *** provide new insight into the genetic reg-ulatory network of the G protein signaling pathway in the control of grain size and provide a potential target for high-yield rice breeding.

关键词： grain size G proteinγsubunit GR5 AP2.transcription factor rice(Oryza sativa L.)

Leaf Morphology Genes SRL1 and RENL1 Co-Regulate Cellulose Synthesis and Affect Rice Drought Tolerance

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Rice science 2024年第1期31卷 103-117,I0020-I0022页

作者： LIU Dan ZHAO Huibo WANG Zi’an XU Jing LIU Yiting WANG Jiajia CHEN Minmin LIU Xiong zhang Zhihai CEN Jiangsu ZHU Li HU Jiang REN Deyong GAO Zhenyu DONG Guojun zhang {2. shen Lan LI Qing QIAN Qian HU Songping zhang Guangheng State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006China Research Center of Plant Functional Genes and Tissue Culture technology College of Bioscience and BioengineeringJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045China Qian Qian Academician Workstation National Nanfan Research Institute(Sanya)Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesSanya 572024China

The morphological development of rice(Oryza sativa L.)leaves is closely related to plant architecture,physiological activities,and ***,it is unclear whether there is a co-regulatory relationship between the morphological development of leaves and adaptation to drought *** this study,a drought-sensitive,roll-enhanced,and narrow-leaf mutant(renl1)was induced from a semi-rolled leaf mutant(srl1)by ethyl methane sulfonate(EMS),which was obtained from Nipponbare(NPB)through ***-based cloning and functional validation showed that RENL1 encodes a cellulose synthase,allelic to NRL1/*** RENL1 mutation resulted in reduced vascular bundles,vesicular cells,cellulose,and hemicellulose contents in cell walls,diminishing the water-holding capacity of *** addition,the root system of the renl1 mutant was poorly developed and its ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species(ROS)was decreased,leading to an increase in ROS after drought ***,genetic results showed that RENL1 and SRL1 synergistically regulated cell wall *** results revealed a theoretical basis for further elucidating the molecular regulation mechanism of cellulose on rice drought tolerance,and provided a new genetic resource for enhancing the synergistic regulation network of plant type and stress resistance,thereby realizing simultaneous improvement of multiple traits in rice.

关键词： cellulose cell wall drought tolerance leaf morphology rice