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Key emergency response technologies for abrupt air pollution accidents in China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第1期123卷 235-254页

作者： Jun Duan Shushuai Mao Pinhua Xie Jianlei Lang Ang Li Jingjing tong Min Qin Jin Xu Zeya Shen Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsHFIPSChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control Faculty of Environment and LifeBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China School of Environmental Science and Optoelectronic Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China

Abrupt air pollution accidents can endanger people’s health and destroy the local ecological *** appropriate emergency response can minimize the harmful effects of accidents and protect people’s lives and *** paper provides an overview of the key emergency response technologies for abrupt air pollution accidents around the globe with emphasis on the major achievements that China has obtained in recent *** decades of effort,China has made significant progress in emergency monitoring technologies and equipment,source estimation technologies,pollutant dispersion simulation technologies and *** effective domestic emergency monitoring instruments(e.g.,portable DOAS/FT-IR systems,portable FID/PID systems,portable GC-MS systems,scanning imaging remote sensing systems,and emergency monitoring vehicles)had been developed which can meet the demands for routine emergency response activities.A monitoring layout technique combining air dispersion simulation,fuzzy comprehensive evaluation,and a post-optimality analysis was proposed to identify the optimal monitoring layout scheme under the constraints of limited monitoring *** source estimation technologies,including the forward method and the inversion method,have been established and evaluated under various ***-scale dynamic pollution dispersion simulation systems with high temporal and spatial resolution were further developed.A comprehensive emergency response platform integrating database support,source estimation,monitoring schemes,fast monitoring of pollutants,pollution predictions and risk assessment was developed based on the technical idea of"source identification-model simulation-environmental monitoring"dynamic interactive *** is expected that the emergency response capability for abrupt air pollution accidents will gradually improve in China.

关键词： Air pollution accidents Emergency response Emergency monitoring Source estimation Pollutant dispersion simulation

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纳米碳在含能材料中的应用进展

含能材料 2022年第7期30卷 752-762页

作者：王志超仝毅黄风雷北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室北京100081

纳米碳具有比表面积大、安全钝感、燃烧产物绿色无污染、与反应物接触面积大及易改性等优点,在调节高能炸药、推进剂、铝热剂等含能材料性能方面具有一定优势。本文总结了纳米碳对含能材料的分解特性、感度、力学性能、燃烧性能的影响... 详细信息

纳米碳具有比表面积大、安全钝感、燃烧产物绿色无污染、与反应物接触面积大及易改性等优点,在调节高能炸药、推进剂、铝热剂等含能材料性能方面具有一定优势。本文总结了纳米碳对含能材料的分解特性、感度、力学性能、燃烧性能的影响、以及其用于含能材料检测、吸附、降解方面的应用进展。分析了典型纳米碳,如纳米金刚石、富勒烯、纳米碳纤维、碳纳米管和石墨烯在含能材料改性中的作用机理,并指出纳米碳在含能材料应用中存在的问题,提出未来的发展方向:(1)优化纳米碳制备工艺,解决纳米碳成本高、易团聚和批次差异较大等问题;(2)扩大纳米碳应用范围,探究洋葱碳等新型纳米碳结构以及改性纳米碳对含能材料性能的影响;(3)根据特定环境与纳米碳调节机理,优化纳米碳在含能材料性能提升中的应用条件。

关键词：纳米碳含能材料铝热剂推进剂应用进展

Highly Stable Nonhydroxyl Antisolvent Polymer Dielectric:A New Strategy towards High-Performance Low-Temperature Solution-Processed Ultraflexible Organic Transistors for Skin-Inspired Electronics

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Research 2021年第1期2021卷 1615-1626页

作者： Mingxin Zhang Cong Zhang Yahan Yang Hang Ren Junmo Zhang Xiaoli Zhao Yanhong tong Qingxin Tang yichun Liu Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and Key Laboratory of UV-Emitting Materials and Technology Ministry of EducationNortheast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024China

Scarcity of the antisolvent polymer dielectrics and their poor stability have significantly prevented solution-processed ultraflexible organic transistors from low-temperature,large-scale production for applications in low-cost skin-inspired ***,we present a novel low-temperature solution-processed PEI-EP polymer dielectric with dramatically enhanced thermal stability,humidity stability,and frequency stability compared with the conventional PVA/c-PVA and c-PVP dielectrics,by incorporating polyethyleneimine PEI as crosslinking sites in nonhydroxyl epoxy *** PEI-EP dielectric requires a very low process temperature as low as 70℃ and simultaneously possesses the high initial decomposition temperature(340℃)and glass transition temperature(230℃),humidity-resistant dielectric properties,and frequency-independent *** into the solution-processed C8-BTBT thin-film transistors,the PEI-EP dielectric enables the device stable operation in air within 2 months and in high-humidity environment from 20 to 100%without significant performance *** PEI-EP dielectric transistor array also presents weak hysteresis transfer characteristics,excellent electrical performance with 100%operation rate,high mobility up to 7.98 cm^(2)V^(-1)s^(-1)(1 Hz)and average mobility as high as 5.3 cm^(2)V^(-1)s^(-1)(1 Hz),excellent flexibility with the normal operation at the bending radius down to 0.003 mm,and foldable and crumpling-resistant *** results reveal the great potential of PEI-EP polymer as dielectric of low-temperature solution-processed ultraflexible organic transistors and open a new strategy for the development and applications of next-generation low-cost skin electronics.

关键词： dielectric humidity stability

Subsurface deformation mechanism and the interplay relationship between strength–ductility and fretting wear resistance during fretting of a high-strength titanium alloy

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Friction 2024年第10期12卷 2259-2280页

作者： Yanlin tong Ke HUA Haoyang XIE Yue CAO Zhuobin HUANG Zhenpeng LIANG Xiaolin LI Hongxing WU Haifeng WANG State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal MaterialsNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China

Fretting wear damage of high-strength titanium fasteners has caused a large number of disastrous ***,it is believed that both high strength and excellent ductility can reduce fretting wear ***,whether strength and ductility are contradictory or not and their appropriate matching strategy under the external applied normal stress(Fw)are still confusing ***,by analyzing the subsurface-microstructure deformation mechanism of several samples containing variousαprecipitate features,for the first time,we design strategies to improve fretting damage resistance under different matching relation between Fw and the tensile strength of materials(Rm).It is found that when Fw is greater than Rm or Fw is nearly equivalent to Rm,the deformation mechanism mainly manifests as serious grain fragmentation ofβandαGB *** deformation in large areas only reduces damage to a limited *** is crucial to improve the strength to resist cracking and wear,but it is of little significance to improve the ***,when Fw is far less than Rm,coordinated deformation ability reflected by ductility plays a more important *** deformation mechanism mainly manifests as localized deformation ofβandαGB constituents(kinking induced by twinning and spheroidizing).A unique composite structure of nano-grained/lamellar layer and localized deformation transition layer reduces fretting damage by five times compared with a single nanograined *** when the strength is great enough,improving the plasticity can reduce *** study can provide a principle for designing fretting damage resistant alloys.

关键词： fretting wear high-strength titanium alloy microstructures subsurface deformation

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温度感受器TRPV1调节疼痛

生物化学与生物物理进展 2021年第12期48卷 1392-1397页

作者：吴一箐童志前万有温州医科大学老年研究院精神医学学院浙江省阿尔茨海默病研究重点实验室温州325035 北京大学神经科学研究所北京100083

2021年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖由戴维·朱利叶斯(David Julius)和阿德姆·帕塔普蒂安(Ardem Patapoutian)共同获得,以表彰二人分别在温度感受器辣椒素受体(TRPV1)和触觉感受器PIEZO1/2方面做出的杰出贡献.此项工作有助于阐明神经系统如何... 详细信息

2021年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖由戴维·朱利叶斯(David Julius)和阿德姆·帕塔普蒂安(Ardem Patapoutian)共同获得,以表彰二人分别在温度感受器辣椒素受体(TRPV1)和触觉感受器PIEZO1/2方面做出的杰出贡献.此项工作有助于阐明神经系统如何感知冷、热和机械刺激的机制,以及开发治疗疼痛的药物.本文简介David Julius关于能被辣椒素、热(>43℃)、酸(pH<6.0)激活的TRPV1的开创性工作,以及TRPV1在外周和中枢敏化,从而增强癌症痛、慢性炎症痛、神经病理性痛等方向的最新成果.

关键词：辣椒素受体癌症痛炎症痛神经病理性痛外周敏化中枢敏化

Analysis of 13 kinds of steroid hormones in raw milk using modified QuEChERS method combined with UPLC-QTOF-MS

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016年第9期15卷 2163-2174页

作者： TAN Xin-tong LI Zeng-mei DENG Li-gang ZHAO Shan-cang WANG Ming-lin Academy of Food Science and Engineering Shandong Agricultural University Tai'an 271018 P.R. China Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology Research Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Jinan 250100 P.R.China Key Laboratory of Test Technology on Food Quality and Safety of Shandong Province Jinan 250100 P.R. China

Thirteen kinds of steroid hormones in raw milk（cow, goat and buffalo milk） were analyzed with ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry（UPLC-QTOF-MS） after extraction and cleanup with the modified Qu ECh ERS method. These steroid hormones included 17β-estradiol, estriol, estrone, diethylstilbestrol, progesterone, melengestrol acetate, megestrol acetate, chlormadinone acetate, 19-nortestosterone, metandienone, boldenone, epitestosterone, and testosterone. The limits of detection for the raw milk basing on 3 times the signal to noise ratios（S/N=3） was in range of 0.07-0.51 μg kg^–1, and the limits of quantification（basing on S/N=10 method） covered the ranges from 0.23 to 1.7 μg kg^–1. With matrix external standard method, the substances presented recoveries over the range 74.2–99.7%. Qualitative analysis was also done in the mass/mass spectrum（MS/MS） mode and each debris structure of 13 kinds of steroid hormones was achieved. The methodology was then applied in real raw milk samples which were collected in several areas of China and the progesterone was detected with high level.

关键词： UPLC-QTOF-MS raw milk QuEChERS steroid hormones acidic alumina

Characteristics of the traditional Liu-Wei-Di-Huang prescription reassessed in modern pharmacology

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2019年第2期17卷 103-121页

作者： CHENG Xiao-Rui QI Chun-Hui WANG tong-Xing ZHOU Wen-Xia ZHANG Yong-Xiang Academy of Military Medical Science Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures

Liu-Wei-Di-Huang(LW) is a yin nourishing and kidney tonifying prescription in traditional Chinese medicine with promising pharmacological characteristics that can be further exploited and developed in modern medicine. We provide a comprehensive and detailed literature report on the clinical and experimental pharmacology of LW,including its quality control parameters, phytochemistry, pharmacokinetics, and toxicology. Our literature review indicates that the LW prescription possesses a unique combination of pharmacological characteristics that can be safely used for treating very different diseases. Quality control and pharmacokinetic parameters of LW are mostly based on its major bioactive phytochemical constituents. We postulate that modulating or rebalancing the neuroendocrine immunomodulation network in the body is the underlying mechanism of the multiple pharmacological activities displayed by LW.

关键词： Liu-Wei-Di-Huang Traditional Chinese medicine Pharmacology Phytochemistry Pharmacokinetics Toxicology

Sulfation modification of dopamine in brain regulates aggregative behavior of animals

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National Science Review 2022年第4期9卷 60-75页

作者： Bing Chen Xiwen tong Xia Zhang Wanying Gui Guoming Ai Lihua Huang Ding Ding Jiangxu Zhang Le Kang School of Life Science Institutes of Life Science and Green DevelopmentHebei University State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of Sciences School of Life Sciences South China Normal University State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of Sciences

Behavioral plasticity and the underlying neuronal plasticity represent a fundamental capacity of animals to cope with environmental *** plasticity is controlled by complex molecular networks that act under different layers of *** various molecules have been found to be involved in the regulation of plastic behaviors across species,less is known about how organisms orchestrate the activity of these molecules as part of a coherent behavioral response to varying *** we discover a me chanism for the regulation of animal behavioral plasticity involving molecular sulfation in the brain,a modification of substrate molecules by sulfo transferase(ST)-catalyzed addition of a sulfonate group(SO3)from an obligate donor,3’-phosphoadenosine 5’-phosphosulfate(PAPS) to the *** investigated aggregation behaviors of migratory locusts,which are well-known for extreme phase change plasticity triggered by population *** processes of PAPS biosynthesis acted efficiently on induction of locust behavioral transition:Inhibition of PAPS synthesis solicited a behavioral shift from gregarious to solitarious states;external PAPS dosage,by contrast,promoted aggregation in solitarious *** or pharmacological intervention in the sulfation catalyzation resulted into pronounced solitarizing *** of substrate-specific STs suggests a widespread involvement of sulfated neurotransmitters in the behavioral response.D opamine in the brain was finally identified to be actively sulfate conjugate d,and the sulfate conjugation enhanced the free DA-mediated behavioral *** results in Caenorhabditis elegans and mice indicate that sulfation may be involved more broadly in the modulation of animal *** findings reveal a general me chanism that effectively regulates animal social-like behavioral plasticity,possibly through sulfation-mediated modification of neural networks.

关键词： behavioral plasticity sulfation dopamine aggregation migratory locust

欧姆加热与水浴加热对羊肉糜滋味物质及游离脂肪酸的影响

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现代食品科技 2015年第12期31卷 362-369,405页

作者：卢忆杜新戴瑞彤中国农业大学食品科学与营养工程学院畜产品北京高等学校工程研究中心北京100083

分别以不同电压欧姆加热(5 V/cm、8 V/cm、11 V/cm)以及水浴加热的方法将羊肉肉糜加热至中心温度95℃,用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定其中重要滋味物质(游离氨基酸、5’-核苷酸及其降解产物和丁二酸)含量,同时测定水分、粗脂肪、粗蛋白与... 详细信息

分别以不同电压欧姆加热(5 V/cm、8 V/cm、11 V/cm)以及水浴加热的方法将羊肉肉糜加热至中心温度95℃,用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定其中重要滋味物质(游离氨基酸、5’-核苷酸及其降解产物和丁二酸)含量,同时测定水分、粗脂肪、粗蛋白与盐含量等基本指标,并用气相色谱法(GC)测定其在20 d贮藏期内游离脂肪酸的变化情况。结果发现:欧姆加热低中电压(5 V/cm、8 V/cm)组所得样品具有比水浴加热组样品更浓的鲜味,而高电压组(11 V/cm)滋味较淡。欧姆加热对游离脂肪酸产生具有促进作用,且电压越高,促进作用越强。但高电压组贮藏过程中多不饱和脂肪酸氧化作用较强,可能更易产生不愉快气味。综合来看,欧姆加热低中电压组羊肉糜具有较好的滋味与香味,且略优于传统水浴加热。

关键词：欧姆加热游离氨基酸核苷酸降解产物丁二酸游离脂肪酸