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Numerical Study on the Impacts of Hydrometeor Processes on the“21·7”Extreme Rainfall in Zhengzhou Area of China

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第10期41卷 2061-2078页

作者： Wenhua GAO Chengyin li Lanzhi tang State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China

The impacts of hydrometeor-related processes on the development and evolution of the“21·7”extremely heavy rainfall in Zhengzhou were investigated using WRF *** precipitation was determined by the hydrometeor microphysical processes(all microphysical source sink terms of hydrometeors)and macrophysical processes(local change and flux convergence of hydrometeors).The contribution of hydrometeor macrophysical processes was commonly less than 10%,but could reach 30%–50%in the early stage of precipitation,which was largely dependent on the size of the study *** macrophysical processes of liquid-phase hydrometeors always presented a promotional effect on rainfall,while the ice-phase hydrometeors played a negative role in the middle and later stages of *** distributions of microphysical latent heat corresponded well with those of buoyancy and vertical velocity(tendency),indicating that the phase-change heating was the major driver for convective *** diagnostic buoyancy was obtained by choosing an area close to the convective size for getting the reference state of *** addition,a new dynamic equilibrium involving hydrometeors with a tilted airflow was formed during the heavy precipitation period(updraft was not the strongest).The heaviest instantaneous precipitation was mainly produced by the warm-rain *** experiments further pointed out that the uncertainty of latent heat parameterization(±20%)did not significantly affect the convective *** when the phase-change heating only altered the temperature tendency,its impact on precipitation was *** results of this study help to deepen our understanding of heavy rainfall mechanisms from the perspective of hydrometeor processes.

关键词： heavy precipitation hydrometeor processes buoyancy latent heat

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Retrieval of high spatial resolution mountainous land surface temperature considering topographic and adjacency effects

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第11期67卷 3610-3625页

作者： Zhiwei HE Bohui tang Zhaoliang li Faculty of Land Resources Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Plateau Remote Sensing Department of Education of Yunnan Province State Key Lab of Resources and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Agricultural Remote Sensing Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Land surface temperature(LST) is a key parameter reflecting the interaction between land and atmosphere. Currently,thermal infrared(TIR) quantitative remote sensing technology is the only means to obtain large-scale, high spatial resolution LST. Accurately retrieving high spatial resolution mountainous LST(MLST) plays an important role in the study of mountain climate change. The complex terrain and strong spatial heterogeneity in mountainous areas change the geometric relationship between the surface and satellite sensors, affecting the radiation received by the sensors, and rendering the assumption of planar parallelism invalid. In this study, considering the influence of complex terrain in mountainous areas on atmospheric downward radiation and the thermal radiation contribution of adjacent pixels, a mountainous TIR radiative transfer model based on the sky view factor was developed. Combining with the atmospheric radiative transfer model MODTRAN 5.2, a nonlinear generalized split-window algorithm suitable for high spatial resolution MLST retrieval was constructed and applied to Landsat-9 TIRS-2satellite TIR remote sensing data. The analysis results indicate that neglecting the topographic and adjacency effects would lead to significant discrepancies in LST retrieval, with simulated data showing LST differences of up to 2.5 K. Furthermore, due to the lack of measured MLST in the field, the MLST accuracy obtained by this retrieval method was indirectly validated using the currently recognized highest-accuracy forward 3D radiative transfer model DART. The MLST and emissivity were input into the DART model to simulate the brightness temperature at the top of the atmosphere(TOA) of Landsat-9 band 10, and compared with the brightness temperature at TOA of Landsat-9 band 10. The RMSE(Root Mean Square Error) for the two subregions was0.50 and 0.61 K, respectively, indicating that the method proposed can retrieve high-precision MLST.

关键词： Mountainous land surface temperature Topographic and adjacency effects Nonlinear generalized split-window algorithm Landsat-9 data DART model

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Alleviating limit cycling in training GANs with an optimization technique

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Science China Mathematics 2024年第6期67卷 1287-1316页

作者： Keke li liping tang Xinmin Yang National Center for Applied Mathematics in Chongqing Chongqing Normal UniversityChongqing401331China School of Mathematical Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu611731China

In this paper,we undertake further investigation to alleviate the issue of limit cycling behavior in training generative adversarial networks(GANs)through the proposed predictive centripetal acceleration algorithm(PCAA).Specifically,we first derive the upper and lower complexity bounds of PCAA for a general bilinear game,with the last-iterate convergence rate notably improving upon previous ***,we combine PCAA with the adaptive moment estimation algorithm(Adam)to propose PCAA-Adam,for practical training of GANs to enhance their generalization ***,we validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm through experiments conducted on bilinear games,multivariate Gaussian distributions,and the CelebA dataset,respectively.

关键词： GANs general bilinear game predictive centripetal acceleration algorithm lower and upper complexity bounds PCAA-Adam

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The Effect of Moisture in Different Altitude Layers on the Eastward Propagation of MJO

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2024年第3期38卷 437-452页

作者： Xiaoyu ZHU zhong zhong Yimin ZHU Yunying li Yijia HU Yao HA College of Meteorology and Oceanography National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha410000China Key Laboratory for Virtual Geographic Environment School of Geography ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing210023China Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Climate Change School of Atmospheric SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjing210000China

In this study,driven by ERA5 reanalysis data,the Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF)version 4.0 was used to investigate the eastward propagation of the Madden-Julian oscillation(MJO)in the tropical atmosphere during December-February(DJF)of 2007/*** experiment with 11 cumulus parameterization schemes respectively shows that the Grell 3D scheme is one of several worse ones in describing MJO *** addition,still by use of the Grell 3D scheme,four nudging assimilation experiments for water vapor in all model vertical layers(Ndg_all),lower layers(Ndg_low),middle layers(Ndg_mid),and upper layers(Ndg_upp)were *** is found that when the water vapor in the model approaches to the observed value,the model performance for MJO activities is improved *** the four nudging simulations,Ndg_all certainly performs *** Ndg_mid is important for the MJO-filtered profiles related to moisture,Ndg_low and Ndg_upp exhibit superiority to Ndg_mid in simulating MJO eastward ***_low has advantages when MJO features are represented by zonal wind at 850 hPa and precipitation because the lower-level MJO-filtered moisture is conducive to the existence of lower-level condensational heating to the east of the MJO convective ***_upp performs better when describing the MJO eastward propagation features by outgoing longwave radiation(OLR)since it can capture the moisture and cloud top temperature of deep convection associated with MJO,as well as front Walker *** results suggest that the lower-level moisture is more important in regulating the MJO eastward propagation,and the observed maximum MJO-filtered moisture in the middle troposphere might be a phenomenon accompanying the MJO deep convection,but not a factor controlling its eastward propagation.

关键词： Madden-Julian oscillation(MJO) nudging technique Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF)model vertical moisture structure

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Microstructure and properties of coarse-grained WC-10Co cemented carbides with different carbon contents during heat treatments

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Rare Metals 2024年第4期43卷 1786-1792页

作者： Yuan-Feng Xie Xing-Cheng Xie zhong-Wu li Rui-Jun Cao zhong-Kun lin Qing li Chen-Guang lin Powder Metallurgy and Special Materials Research Department General Research Institute for Nonferrous MetalsBeijing100088China

The effects of cryogenic treatment(CT)and tempering-cryogenic treatment(TCT)on the microstructure and properties of coarse-grained WC-10Co cemented carbides with different carbon contents were *** binder phase,WC mean grain sizes,W solubility in the binder,relative magnetic s aturation,densities,hardness,wear resistance and second phase precipitation of cemented carbides with different heat treatments were *** results show that there are significant changes of microstructure and properties in the samples with CT and TCT,especially due to the precipitation of metastable nanoparticles W_(x)Co_(y)C_(z) in the binder during the heat treatments of CT and *** the simultaneous combination of microstructure and nanoparticle-reinforced binder,a dramatically improved combination of hardness and wear resistance of the samples after TCT has been achieved.

关键词： Cryogenic treatment Tempering Coarsegrained cemented carbide Carbon content Nanoparticlereinforced binder

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Circularly polarized light emission and detection by chiral inorganic semiconductors

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2024年第2期17卷 43-49页

作者： Zha li Wancai li Dehui li Wei tang Huageng liang Huaibing Song Chao Chen liang Gao Jiang tang Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China School of Optical and Electronic Information Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China International Health Care Center National Center for Global Health and MedicineTokyo 162‑8655Japan Hepato‑Biliary‑Pancreatic Surgery Division Department of SurgeryThe University of Tokyo HospitalTokyo 113‑8655Japan Department of Urology Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

Chiral inorganic semiconductors with high dissymmetric factor are highly desirable,but it is generally difficult to induce chiral structure in inorganic semiconductors because of their structure rigidity and *** this study,we introduced chiral ZnO film as hard template to transfer chirality to CsPbBr_(3) film and PbS quantum dots(QDs)for circularly polarized light(CPL)emission and detection,*** prepared CsPbBr_(3)/ZnO thin film exhibited CPL emission at 520 nm and the PbS QDs/ZnO film realized CPL detection at 780 nm,featuring high dissymmetric factor up to around *** electron transition based mechanism is responsible for chirality transfer.

关键词： High dissymmetric factor Circularly polarized light emission Semiconductor Hard template,Chirality

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Differential roles of C-3 and C-6 phosphate monoesters in affecting potato starch properties

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Grain & Oil Science and Technology 2024年第2期7卷 79-86页

作者： li Ding Andreas Blennow Yuyue zhong Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of CopenhagenDenmark Department of Sustainable and Bio-inspired Materials Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesPotsdamGermany

The effects of starch phosphate monoester content(SPC),namely C-3(C3P)and C-6 phosphate monoesters(C6P),on the starch properties were investigated using four potato starches with varied SPC/C3P/C6P and two nonphosphorylated maize starches with a similar range of amylose content(AC)as *** starch property results showed that a higher SPC is associated with lower turbidity,storage and loss modulus after storage,and water solubility,but higher swelling power(SP)and pasting *** findings suggested that SPC inhibited molecular rearrangement during storage and starch leaching during heating,and enhanced swelling and viscosities due to increased hydration and water uptake caused by the repulsion effect of phosphate groups and a less ordered crystalline *** SPC also resulted in lower resistant starch(RS)content in a native granular state but higher RS after *** correlations further indicated that SPC/C3P/C6P were positively correlated with peak(r^(2)=0.925,0.873 and 0.930,respectively),trough(r^(2)=0.994,0.968 and 0.988,respectively),and final viscosities(r^(2)=0.981,0.968 and 0.971,respectively).Notably,SPC,mainly C3P,exhibited a significantly positive correlation with SP(r^(2)=0.859)and setback viscosity(r^(2)=0.867),whereas SPC,mainly C6P,showed a weak positive correlation with RS after retrogradation(r^(2)=0.746).However,SPC had no significant correlations with water solubility,turbidity and rheology properties,which were more correlated with *** findings are helpful for the food industry to select potato starches with desired properties based on their contents of SPC,C3P,or C6P.

关键词： Starch phosphate monoesters C-3 phosphate monoesters C-6 phosphate monoesters Physicochemical properties In vitro digestibility

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Norepinephrine-Astrocyte Signaling Regulates Cortical State Homeostasis

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第7期40卷 1021-1024页

作者： Yulan li lixuan li Yibei Wang Xinyi li zhong Chen Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province School of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou 310053China Department of Neurology Second Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310009China

Cortical states such as high and low arousal during wakefulness or rapid eye movement(REM)and non-REM(NREM)phases of sleep are fundamental biological processes that are highly conserved across *** intricate balance or... 详细信息

关键词： homeostasis NREM stasis

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Experimental study on out-of-plane seismic performance of precast composite sidewalls of utility tunnel with grouting-sleeve joints

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Underground Space 2024年第3期16卷 1-17页

作者： Zilan zhong Guangfan li Jinqiang li Jiaxu Shen Mi Zhao Xiuli Du Key Laboratory of Urban Security and Disaster Engineering of Ministry of Education Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China

The precast composite reinforced concrete wall with the advantages of fewer joints,superior impermeability and rapid construction provides an efficient and environmental friendly alternative in the construction of underground utility tunnels in the last few *** investigate the seismic performance of precast concrete composite walls of utility tunnels with grouting-sleeve connection under out-ofplane loads,a series of quasi-static cyclic tests were performed on the full-scale sidewall specimens with different axial compression ratios in this *** experimental results including the failure modes,crack distributions,and the influence of different connections on the out-of-plane seismic performance of precast concrete composite wall were carefully examined and compared with those from the cyclic tests of the cast-in-place sidewalls of the utility *** test results show that the seismic performance of the precast concrete composite sidewall specimen,such as the hysteresis curves,the ultimate bearing capacity,stiffness degradation pattern and the ductility ratio,is basically the same as that of the cast-in-place specimen,indicating that the seismic performance of the prefabricated structure is equivalent to that of the cast-in-place ***,the grouting-sleeves of the joints can effectively transfer the reinforcement stress until the failure of the precast concrete composite sidewall specimens,which exhibits excellent out-of-plane ductility and serviceability.

关键词： Precast concrete composite walls Cyclic response Seismic performance Grouting sleeve Failure mechanism

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Underwater inertial error rectification with limited acoustic observations

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Satellite Navigation 2024年第1期5卷 207-223页

作者： Hongqiong tang Hongyang He Fangneng li Jiangning Xu Department of Navigation Engineering Naval University of EngineeringWuhan430000China

Underwater inertial navigation is particularly difficult for the long-durance operations as many navigation systems such global satellite navigation systems are *** acoustic signal is a marvelous choice for underwater inertial error rectification due to its underwater penetration ***,the traditional Acoustic Positioning Systems(APS)are expensive and incapable of positioning with limited acoustic *** novel underwater inertial error rectification algorithms with limited acoustic observations are *** first one is the single acoustic-beacon Range-only Matching Aided Navigation(RMAN)method,which is inspired by matching navigation without reference maps and presented for the first *** second is the improved single acoustic-beacon Virtual Long Baseline(VLBL)method,which considers the impact of indicated relative position increments on virtual beacon *** RMAN and improved VLBL are further developed when multi acoustic-beacons are available,named mAB-RMAN and *** comprehensive simulations and field investigations were *** results demonstrated that the proposed methods achieved excellent accuracy and stability compared to the baseline,specifically,the mAB-RMAN and mAB-VLBL can reduce the inertial error by more than 90%and 98%when using single and double acoustic-beacons,*** proposed techniques will provide new perspectives for underwater positioning,navigation,and timing.

关键词： Underwater PNT Range-only matching aided navigation Virtual long baseline Inertial error rectification

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