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A Computational Study on the Effect of Bifurcation Lesions with DifferentStructures on Blood Velocity and Temperature

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2021年第3期17卷 639-651页

作者： Haoyu Wan heng Zhang zhizhu he Vehicle Engineering College of EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100083China

Treating coronary bifurcation stenosis is still a challenging task. Existing procedures still display a relatively smallrate of success. This paper aims to investigate numerically the effect of bifurcation lesions with different structureson the dynamics of blood flow and related temperature. The problem geometry is parametrically varied by changing the bifurcation angle and radius. A finite volume method is used to simulate the three-dimensional flow. Theeffects induced by the structure of the stenosis, the artery bifurcation angle and radius, and the inlet velocity ofblood are discussed in terms of flow pattern, pressure distribution, and shear stress at the blood wall. The heattransfer from the solid tissue is also determined for different stenosis configurations. The present study has beenconducted with the explicit intention to generate useful data for the development of methods curing the vascularstenosis with thermal ablation.

关键词： Bioheat transfer arterial bifurcation stenosis blood thermal effect

Liquid metal spring： oscillating coalescence and ejection of contacting liquid metal droplets

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Science Bulletin 2015年第6期60卷 648-653,M0004页

作者： Bin Yuan zhizhu he Wenqiang Fang Xin Bao Jing Liu Key Laboratory of Cryogenics Technical Institute of Physicsand Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190China Department of Biomedical Engineering School of Medicine Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

与相当高的表面紧张，房间温度液体金属可以与常规液体不能拥有的意外行为继承。这里，我们经由高速度的照相机揭示了液体金属微滴的结合和喷射现象。当轻轻地联系时，它试验性地被发现那(而非碰撞) 有相同尺寸的二金属微滴一起在 NaOH... 详细信息

与相当高的表面紧张，房间温度液体金属可以与常规液体不能拥有的意外行为继承。这里，我们经由高速度的照相机揭示了液体金属微滴的结合和喷射现象。当轻轻地联系时，它试验性地被发现那(而非碰撞) 有相同尺寸的二金属微滴一起在 NaOH 答案，震荡的结合将发生它就像在接口以后的春天一样的跑破裂并且形成毛状的波浪。为有显然不同的直径的二金属微滴，结合导致相当不平常的喷射现象。大微滴将咽下小的部分然后逐出另一小得多的微滴。如此的现象在金属微滴上为电的双层的存在提供一条直接证据。影响行为的动力学液体通过从记录电影，和液体金属微滴之间的基本差别处理图象被确定，水微滴的被澄清。与事件有关的理论机制 preliminarily 被解释。发现的礼品使液体金属微滴的基本理解清醒，它也建议使用如此的基本效果描绘粘性，表面紧张，金属液体的电的双层和微滴形成的潜在的价值。

关键词：金属液滴液体金属液态金属金属弹簧聚结喷射振荡 NaOH溶液

Nanocellulose-based reusable liquid metal printed electronics fabricated by evaporation-induced transfer printing

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第2期61卷 132-137页

作者： Yiru Mao Yixiang Wu Pengju Zhang Yang Yu zhizhu he Qian Wang Beijing Key Laboratory of Optimized Design for Modern Agricultural Equipment Department of Vehicle EngineeringCollege of EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100183China Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Cryogenics Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryBeijing 100190China Beijing Key Lab of CryoBiomedical Engineering and Key Lab of Cryogenics Beijing 100190China Beijing DREAM INK Technologies Co. Ltd..Beijing 100084China

Reusable electronics have received widespread attention and are urgently needed. here, nanocellulosebased liquid metal(NC-LM) printed circuit has been fabricated by the evaporation-induced transfer printing technology. In this way, the liquid metal pattern is embedded into the nanocellulose membrane, which is beneficial for the stability of the circuit during use. Besides, the NC-LM circuit is ultrathin with just tens of microns. In particular, the finished product is environmentally friendly because it can be completely dissolved by water, and both the liquid metal ink and the nanocellulose membrane can be easily recollected and reused, thereby reducing waste and pollution to the environment. Several examples of flexible circuits have been designed to evaluate their performance. The mechanism of evaporation-induced transfer printing technology involves the deposition, aggregation, and coverage tightly of the nanosized cellulose fibrils as the water evaporated. This study provides an economical and environmentally friendly way for the fabrication of renewable flexible electronics.

关键词： Reuse Liquid metal Transfer printing Nanocellulose Flexible electronics

A Personal Desktop Liquid-Metal Printer as a Pervasive Electronics Manufacturing Tool for Society in the Near Future

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Engineering 2015年第4期1卷 506-512页

作者： Jun Yang Yang Yang zhizhu he Bowei Chen Jing Liu Beijing Key Lab of Cryo Biomedical Engineering and Key Lab of Cryogenics Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Biomedical Engineering School of Medicine Tsinghua University

It has long been a dream in the electronics industry to be able to write out electronics directly, as simply as printing a picture onto paper with an offi ce printer. The fi rstever prototype of a liquid-metal printer has been invented and demonstrated by our lab, bringing this goal a key step closer. As part of a continuous endeavor, this work is dedicated to significantly extending such technology to the consumer level by making a very practical desktop liquid-metal printer for society in the near future. Through the industrial design and technical optimization of a series of key technical issues such as working reliability, printing resolution, automatic control, human-machine interface design, software, hardware, and integration between software and hardware, a high-quality personal desktop liquid-metal printer that is ready for mass production in industry was fabricated. Its basic features and important technical mechanisms are explained in this paper, along with demonstrations of several possible consumer end-uses for making functional devices such as li ght-emitting diode(LED) displays. This liquid-metal printer is an automatic, easyto-use, and low-cost personal electronics manufacturing tool with many possible applications. This paper discusses important roles that the new machine may play for a group of emerging needs. The prospective future of this cuttingedge technology is outlined, along with a comparative interpretation of several historical printing methods. This desktop liquid-metal printer is expected to become a basic electronics manufacturing tool for a wide variety of emerging practices in the academic realm, in industry, and in education as well as for individual end-users in the near future.

关键词：电子产品制造工具打印机液态金属桌面社会尖端技术发光二极管

Flexible liquid metal coil prepared for electromagnetic energy harvesting and wireless charging

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Frontiers in Energy 2019年第3期13卷 474-482页

作者： Shen GUO Peng WANG Jichuan ZHANG Wenpeng LUAN Zishuo XIA Lingxiao CAO zhizhu he China Electric Power Research Institute Beijing 100192China Vehicle Engineering College of EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Tianjin Microfluidic Technology Co. Ltd.Tianjin 300457China

This paper reported a study on a flexible liquid metal coil (LMC) for electromagnetic collection from the transmission line for self-powered sensor and electromagnetic generation for wireless charging of cellular telephone. The room temperature liquid metal of Galinstan was perfused to elastic silicone tube, which is then terminated with galliumplated copper wire. The asprepared liquid metal wire can sustain stretching, twisting, and bending with large deformation, and has a good electrical contact stability with the external circuit. The LMC based magnetic energy harvester was then designed and demonstrated to collect the magnetic field energy induced by a wire carrying alternating current. The power of 260 mW was obtained for the wire carrying current of 10 A. The flexible toroidal inductor was fabricated and tested for magnetic energy harvesting. The flexible spiralshaped LMC was also designed and demonstrated to power cellular telephone through wireless charging. The present study opens the way for further applications of elastic LMC in electromagnetic energy harvesting and charging.

关键词： liquid metal Galinstan flexible coil electromagnetic energy harvesting wireless charging

基于粒子群算法的农用轮胎柔性环模型参数辨识方法

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农业机械学报 2024年第4期55卷 402-410页

作者：孙瑞王亚东李怡宁何志祝朱忠祥李臻中国农业大学工学院北京100083 智能农业动力装备全国重点实验室北京100083 贵州轮胎股份有限公司技术中心贵阳550201

轮胎柔性环模型能准确表达轮胎变形,但模型的刚度参数无法直接测定,因此模型刚度参数的辨识成为建模过程中的关键。本文基于轮胎柔性环模型运动学方程,分析农用轮胎固有频率与刚度参数之间的关系,提出基于粒子群算法的柔性环模型刚度参... 详细信息

轮胎柔性环模型能准确表达轮胎变形,但模型的刚度参数无法直接测定,因此模型刚度参数的辨识成为建模过程中的关键。本文基于轮胎柔性环模型运动学方程,分析农用轮胎固有频率与刚度参数之间的关系,提出基于粒子群算法的柔性环模型刚度参数辨识方法。通过轮胎模态试验获取轮胎固有频率,采用粒子群算法对柔性环模型刚度参数进行辨识。将固有频率的试验值与预测值的平均误差作为评价指标,对比粒子群算法与传统算法及遗传算法辨识结果,结果表明粒子群算法的参数辨识结果精度较高,平均绝对误差为1.67 Hz,平均相对误差为1.66%,相较于遗传算法,平均相对误差降低16.16%,运算时间减少93.19%。通过接地印痕试验获取农用轮胎接地角度,结合辨识所得刚度参数,估算轮胎所受到的垂向力,对比垂向力的试验值与预测值,结果表明粒子群算法的参数辨识结果精度较高,垂向载荷估算平均相对误差为1.97%,相对于遗传算法,平均相对误差降低12.05%。

关键词：农用轮胎柔性环模型粒子群算法模态试验参数辨识遗传算法

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Liquid metal-based plant electronic tattoos for in-situ monitoring of plant physiology

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2023年第6期66卷 1617-1628页

作者： QU ChunChun CAO LingXiao LI MaoLin WANG XiQing he zhizhu College of Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University China Agricultural UniversitySanya 572000China

Flexible plant sensors,as a noninvasive and real-time monitoring method for plant physiology,are becoming crucial for precision agriculture.However,integrating flexible devices with plants are challenging due to their fragility and complex surfaces.In this study,we introduce a liquid metal-based plant electronic tattoo(LM-PET)that can harmlessly and continuously monitor the loss of water content and plant electrical signals,which are critical parameters for analyzing plant physiological status.The LM-PET achieves double-sided conductivity through soluble electrostatic spinning films and transferring technology,effectively addressing the issue of mismatch between the rigid interface of electronic devices and the surface of delicate plants.The fabricated tattoo electrode can adhere tightly to the leaf surface for a long time and can significantly broaden the scope of moisture monitoring,even in cases of severe wrinkling caused by water loss.At the optimum operating frequency of 100 kHz,the sensitivity of LM-PET can reach 25.4 kΩ%^(-1).Thus,LM-PETs can record the electrical signals generated when abiotic stresses threaten plants.They are also significant in providing a deeper understanding of the drought adaptation mechanisms of plants and developing drought-resistant varieties.They offer data-driven crop management and decision-making guidance,which is imperative for advancing precision agriculture.Overall,our findings provide valuable insights into the performance of agricultural inputs and facilitate real-time monitoring of plant growth and development.

关键词： plant flexible electrodes liquid metal impedance plant electrical signal plant phenotype

Liquid metal hydraulics paradigm:Transmission medium and actuation of bimodal signals

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2022年第1期65卷 77-86页

作者： FU Junheng GAO JianYe QN Peng LI DongDong YU DeHai SUN Peng he zhizhu DENG ZhongShan LIU Jing Beijing Key Laboratory of Cryo-Biomedical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Cryogenics Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Engineering Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Department of Biomedical Engineering School of MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Vehicle Engineering College of EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China

In this article,room temperature gallium-based fluids(RTGFs)with unique thermal and conductive properties are proposed as a transmission fluid for the force carrying medium of hydraulics,which rectify the lack of the multi-functional hydraulic roles of liquid metal(LM).The typical physical properties of RTGFs and comparative conventional hydraulic fluids(commercial hydraulic oil and deionized water),such as thermal stability and rheological characteristics,are evaluated.Experimental and numerical methods,then,were adopted to clarify the force transmission performance of RTGFs and commercial hydraulic oils,as well as the influence of temperature fields on the viscosity of fluids.The results disclosed that the advantages of inherent flame resistance,wide liquid temperature range,and the viscosity changing slightly with temperature made RTGFs potential in finding efficient application in the hydraulics as new working fluids.Finally,for illustration,the rigid and flexible actuators driven by RTGFs were designed as hydraulic fluid and demonstrated their capabilities in grasping objects with various shapes and weights,respectively.And the tunable stiffness of such a flexible actuator was enabled via the solid-liquid phase change of LM.Additionally,a frequency-adjustable antenna was manufactured and showcased owing to the introduced transformable electromagnetic behaviors of LM.Overall,the gallium-based LM fluids with thermoelectrical and mechanical multimodal signal medium would serve as a potential candidate for future complex multifunctional signal transmission systems.

关键词： hydraulic system LM force transmission phase change controllable antenna

A converged ubiquitin-proteasome pathway for the degradation of TOC and TOM tail-anchored receptors

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第5期66卷 1007-1023页

作者： Meijing Yang Shuai Chen Shey-Li Lim Lang Yang Jia Yi Zhong Koon Chuen Chan zhizhu Zhao Kam-Bo Wong Junqi Wang Boon Leong Lim School of Biological Sciences University of Hong KongPokfulam 999077Hong KongChina Department of Biology Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China School of Biomedical Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China School of Life Sciences The Chinese Universityof Hong KongShatin 999077HongKongChina State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology The Chinese University of Hong KongShatin 999077Hong KongChina HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation Shenzhen 518052China

In plants,thousands of nucleus-encoded proteins translated in the cytosol are sorted to chloroplasts and mitochondria by binding to specific receptors of the TOC(translocon on the outer chloroplast membrane)and the TOM(translocon on the outer mitochondrial membrane)complexes for import into those organelles.The degradation pathways for these receptors are unclear.here,we discovered a converged ubiquitin-proteasome pathway for the degradation of Arabidopsis thaliana TOC and TOM tail-anchored receptors.The receptors are ubiquitinated by E3 ligase(s)and pulled from the outer membranes by the AAA+adenosine triphosphatase CDC48,after which a previously uncharacterized cytosolic protein,transmembrane domain(TMD)-binding protein for tail-anchored outer membrane proteins(TTOP),binds to the exposed TMDs at the C termini of the receptors and CDC48,and delivers these complexes to the 26S proteasome.

关键词： 26S proteasome CDC48 SP1 TOC TOM ubiquitination