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Harnessing overlapped temperature-salinity gradient in solar-driven interfacial seawater evaporation for efficient steam and electricity generation

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第8期95卷 694-700页

作者： Peida Li Dongtong He Jingchang sun Jieshan Qiu zhiyu Wang State Key Lab of Fine Chemicals Liaoning Key Lab for Energy Materials and Chemical Engineering Dalian University of Technology School of Physics and Electronic Technology Liaoning Normal University College of Chemical Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology

Solar-driven interfacial water evaporation（SIWE） offers a superb way to leverage concentrated solar heat to minimize energy dissipation during seawater desalination. It also engenders overlapped temperaturesalinity gradient（TSG） between water-air interface and adjacent seawater, affording opportunities of harnessing electricity. However, the efficiency of conventional SIWE technologies is limited by significant challenges, including salt passivation to hinder evaporation and difficulties in exploiting overlapped TSG simultaneously. Herein, we report self-sustaining hybrid SIWE for not only sustainable seawater desalination but also efficient electricity generation from TSG. It enables spontaneous circulation of salt flux upon seawater evaporation, inducing a self-cleaning evaporative interface without salt passivation for stable steam generation. Meanwhile, this design enables spatial separation and simultaneous utilization of overlapped TSG to enhance electricity generation. These benefits render a remarkable efficiency of90.8% in solar energy utilization, manifesting in co-generation of solar steam at a fast rate of 2.01 kg m-2-h-1and electricity power of 1.91 W m-2with high voltage. Directly interfacing the hybrid SIWE with seawater electrolyzer constructs a system for water-electricity-hydrogen co-generation without external electricity supply. It produces hydrogen at a rapid rate of 1.29 L h-1m-2and freshwater with 22 times lower Na+concentration than the World Health Organization（WHO） threshold.

关键词： Electricity generation Seawater Solar-driven interfacial water evaporation Steam generation

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PINK1 mediates neuronal survival in monkey

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Protein & Cell 2022年第1期13卷 4-5页

作者： zhiyu sun Jiangyu Ye Junying Yuan Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201210China

Parkinson's disease(PD)is one of the most common neu-rodegenerative diseases with progressive motor dysfunction and pathologically characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of the midbrain and the development of neuronal Lewy bodies.Autosomal recessive mutations in the gene PINK1 leads to inherited idiopathic PD.PINK1 is known to regulate PARKIN translocation upon mitochondrial damage which drives their removal via selective autophagy,a process known as mito-phagy(Pickrell and Youle 2015;Cummins and Gotz 2018).While mitochondrial defects had been noted in postmortem studies of patient brain samples with PD,there is a continuing debate as how mutations in PINK1 may lead to selective neuronal death in the substantia nigra.

关键词： PINK1 PARK degeneration

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Restoring cellular calcium homeostasis to rescue ER stress by 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N’,N’-tetraacetic acid acetoxymethyl ester-loaded lipid-mPLGA hybrid-nanoparticles for acute kidney injury therapy

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第3期35卷 337-345页

作者： Jingwen Zhang Jiahui Yan Yanan Wang Hong Liu Xueping sun Yuchao Gu Liangmin Yu Changcheng Li Jun Wu zhiyu He Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System and Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and TechnologyMinistry of EducationOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China School of Medicine and Pharmacy Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Sanya Oceanographic Institution Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 572024China Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering Thrust The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(Guangzhou)NanshaGuangzhou 511400China Division of Life Science The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong 999077China

Early pathogenesis of ischemia-reperfusion(I/R)-induced acute kidney injury(AKI)is dominated by intracellular calcium overload,which induces oxidative stress,intracellular energy metabolism disorder,inflammatory activation,and a series of pathologic cascaded reactions that are closely intertwined with self-amplifying and interactive feedback loops,ultimately resulting in cell damage and kidney failure.Currently,most nanomedicines originate from the perspective of antioxidant stress,which can only quench existing reactive oxide species(ROS)but cannot prevent the continuous production of ROS,resulting in insufficient efficacy.As a safe and promising drug,BAPTA-AM is hydrolyzed into BAPTA by intracellular esterase upon entering cells,which can rapidly chelate with overloaded Ca^(2+),restoring intracellular calcium homeostasis,thus inhibiting ROS regeneration at the source.Here,we designed a KTP-targeting peptide-modified yolk-shell structure of liposome–poly(ethylene glycol)methyl ether-block-poly(L-lactide-co-glycolic)(mPLGA)hybrid nanoparticles(<100 nm),with the characteristics of high encapsulation rate,high colloid stability,facile modification,and prolonged blood circulation time.Once the BA/mPLGA@Lipo-KTP was targeted to the site of kidney injury,the cholesteryl hemisuccinate(CHEMS)in the phospholipid bilayer,as an acidic cholesterol ester,was protonated in the simulated inflammatory slightly acidic environment(pH 6.5),causing the liposomes to rupture and release the BA/mPLGA nanoparticles,which were then depolymerized by intracellular esterase.The BAPTA-AM was diffused and hydrolyzed to produce BAPTA,which can rapidly cut off the malignant loop of calcium overload/ROS generation at its source,blocking the endoplasmic reticulum(ER)apoptosis pathway(ATF4–CHOP–Bax/Bcl-2,Casp-12–Casp-3)and the inflammatory pathway(TNF-α–NF-κB–IL-6 axes),thus alleviating pathological changes in kidney tissue,thereby inhibiting the expression of renal tubular marker kidney injury molecule 1(Kim-1)(reduced by 82.9%)and also exhibiti

关键词： BAPTA-AM Calcium overload Acid-responsive AKI ER stress

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An Improved Behavioral Model for High-voltage and High-power IGBT Chips

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2023年第1期9卷 284-292页

作者： Yixuan Yang Zhibin Zhao Cheng Peng Xuebao Li zhiyu sun Xiang Cui State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China

High-voltage and high-power IGBT chips have a noticeable carrier storage effect,which is related to the load current.However,the research on the carrier storage effect of existing IGBT behavior models is insufficient.In this paper,An improved behavioral model for high-voltage and high-power insulated gate bipolar transistor(IGBT)chips is proposed,which could be used under different load conditions.The problems for applying the traditional behavioral model to more load conditions are discussed.Carrier behavior,in the wide base region,is analyzed,and the analytical expression of the carrierstorage-effect equivalent capacitance and the initial value of the tail current are provided to establish an improved IGBT behavioral model.A corresponding parameter extraction method is proposed.In order to verify the improved behavioral model,an experimental platform is built for resistive load and inductive load,and the results show that the accuracy of the improved behavioral model is much better than that of the traditional model.In addition,the errors of the improved model are within 12.5%under different current and load types.Considering that the maximum error of other models,which could be applied in a variety of load conditions,is more than 25%,the accuracy of the model proposed in this paper is excellent.

关键词： Carrier storage effect high voltage IGBT behavioral model turn-off transient

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Sustainable thermal energy harvest for generating electricity

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The Innovation 2024年第2期5卷 24-26页

作者： Shuai Zhang Zekun Liu Xiaotian Zhang Zhenhua Wu zhiyu Hu Department of Micro/Nano Electronics School of Electronic Information and Electrical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Electricity is the lifeblood of modern society.However,the predominant source of electricity generation still relies on non-renewable fossil fuels,whose combustion releases greenhouse gases contributing to global warming.The increasing demand for energy and escalating environmental concerns necessitate proactive measures to develop innovative green energy technologies capable of both cooling the Earth and generating electricity.Here,we look forward to an interdisciplinary power system integrating solar absorbers,radiative coolers,and thermoelectric generators.This system can simultaneously harvest thermal energy from the sun and from cold space,thereby transforming the challenges posed by global warming into opportunities for the production of clean electricity.We underscore recent advancements in this field and address key challenges while also exploring forward-looking opportunities in the foreseeable future.The proposed integrated energy technology achieves uninterrupted power supply through the unrestricted capture of thermal energy,offering a robust alternative pathway for next-generation sustainable energy technologies.

关键词： Sustainable generating electricity

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Deforestation in Latin America in the 2000s predominantly occurred outside of typical mature forests

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The Innovation 2024年第3期5卷 88-98页

作者： zhiyu Zhang Wenjian Ni Shaun Quegan Jingming Chen Peng Gong Luiz Carlos Estraviz Rodriguez Huadong Guo Jiancheng Shi Liangyun Liu Zengyuan Li Yating He Qinhuo Liu Yosio Shimabukuro Guoqing sun Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shijingshan DistrictBeijing 100049China Chinal of Mathematics and Statistics University of SheffieldSheffield S37RHUK Department of Geography and Program in Planning University of TorontoTorontoON M5S 3G3Canada Department of Earth Sciences and Department of Geography University of Hong KongHong KongChina Forest Science Department Luiz de Queiroz College of AgricultureUniversity of São PauloAv.Pádua Dias11Piracicaba 13418-900Brazil National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Institute of Forest Resource Information Techniques Chinese Academy of ForestryBeijing 100091China Research Institute of Forest Policy and Information Chinese Academy of ForestryBeijing 100091China Remote Sensing Department National Institute for Space Research(INPE)Av.dos Astronautas 1758São Josédos Campos 12227-010Brazil Department of Geographical Sciences University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA

The role of tropical forests in the global carbon budget remains controversial,as carbon emissions from deforestation are highly uncertain.This high uncertainty arises from the use of either fixed forest carbon stock density or maps generated from satellite-based optical reflectance with limited sensitivity to biomass to generate accurate estimates of emissions from deforestation.New space missions aiming to accurately map the carbon stock density rely on direct measurements of the spatial structures of forests using lidar and radar.We found that lost forests are special cases,and their spatial structures can be directly measured by combining archived data acquired before and after deforestation by space missions principally aimed at measuring topography.Thus,using biomass mapping,we obtained new estimates of carbon loss from deforestation ahead of forthcoming space missions.Here,using a high-resolution map of forest loss and the synergy of radar and lidar to estimate the aboveground biomass density of forests,we found that deforestation in the 2000s in Latin America,one of the severely deforested regions,mainly occurred in forests with a significantly lower carbon stock density than typical mature forests.

关键词： forest Latin lidar

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Effects of microstructure characteristics on the tensile properties and fracture toughness of TA15 alloy fabricated by hot isostatic pressing

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2023年第4期30卷 697-706页

作者： Langping Zhu Yu Pan Yanjun Liu zhiyu sun Xiangning Wang Hai Nan Muhammad-Arif Mughal Dong Lu Xin Lu Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Institute of Engineering TechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials Beijing 100095China Beijing Engineering Research Center of Advanced Titanium Alloy Precision Forming Technology Beijing 100095China Institute of Artificial Intelligence University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Sichuan Advanced Metal Material Additive Manufacturing Engineering Technology Research Center Chengdu Advanced Metal Materials Industry Technology Research Institute Co.LtdChengdu 610300China

Powder hot isostatic pressing(HIP) is an effective method to achieve near-net-shape manufacturing of high-quality complex thinwalled titanium alloy parts, and it has received extensive attention in recent years. However, there are few reports about the microstructure characteristics on the strengthening and toughening mechanisms of powder hot isostatic pressed(HIPed) titanium alloys. Therefore, TA15powder was prepared into alloy by HIP approach, which was used to explore the microstructure characteristics at different HIP temperatures and the corresponding tensile properties and fracture toughness. Results show that the fabricated alloy has a “basket-like structure” when the HIP temperature is below 950℃, consisting of lath clusters and surrounding small equiaxed grains belts. When the HIP temperature is higher than 950℃, the microstructure gradually transforms into the Widmanstatten structure, accompanied by a significant increase in grain size. The tensile strength and elongation are reduced from 948 MPa and 17.3% for the 910℃ specimen to 861 MPa and 10% for the 970℃ specimen.The corresponding tensile fracture mode changes from transcrystalline plastic fracture to mixed fracture including intercrystalline cleavage.The fracture toughness of the specimens increases from 82.64 MPa·m^(1/2)for the 910℃ specimen to 140.18 MPa·m^(1/2)for the 970℃ specimen.Specimens below 950℃ tend to form holes due to the prior particle boundaries(PPBs), which is not conducive to toughening. Specimens above 950℃ have high fracture toughness due to the crack deflection, crack branching, and shear plastic deformation of the Widmanstatten structure. This study provides a valid reference for the development of powder HIPed titanium alloy.

关键词： powder titanium alloy hot isostatic pressing strength fracture toughness

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Magnesium-L-threonate treats Alzheimer's disease by modulating the microbiota-gut-brain axis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第10期19卷 2281-2289页

作者： Wang Liao Jiana Wei Chongxu Liu Haoyu Luo Yuting Ruan Yingren Mai Qun Yu zhiyu Cao Jiaxin Xu Dong Zheng Zonghai Sheng Xianju Zhou Jun Liu Department of Neurology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Special Medical Service Center Neuroscience CenterIntegrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangdongGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Rehabilitation The Second Affiliated HospitalGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Sun Yat-sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Neurology The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina

Disturbances in the microbiota-gut-brain axis may contribute to the development of Alzheimer's disease. Magnesium-L-threonate has recently been found to have protective effects on learning and memory in aged and Alzheimer's disease model mice. However, the effects of magnesium-L-threonate on the gut microbiota in Alzheimer's disease remain unknown. Previously, we reported that magnesium-L-threonate treatment improved cognition and reduced oxidative stress and inflammation in a double-transgenic line of Alzheimer's disease model mice expressing the amyloid-β precursor protein and mutant human presenilin 1(APP/PS1). Here, we performed 16S r RNA amplicon sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to analyze changes in the microbiome and serum metabolome following magnesium-Lthreonate exposure in a similar mouse model. Magnesium-L-threonate modulated the abundance of three genera in the gut microbiota, decreasing Allobaculum and increasing Bifidobacterium and Turicibacter. We also found that differential metabolites in the magnesiumL-threonate-regulated serum were enriched in various pathways associated with neurodegenerative diseases. The western blotting detection on intestinal tight junction proteins(zona occludens 1, occludin, and claudin-5) showed that magnesium-L-threonate repaired the intestinal barrier dysfunction of APP/PS1 mice. These findings suggest that magnesium-L-threonate may reduce the clinical manifestations of Alzheimer's disease through the microbiota-gut-brain axis in model mice, providing an experimental basis for the clinical treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease APP/PS1 double-transgenic Alzheimer's disease mouse model inflammation intestinal barrier dysfunction magnesium-L-threonate microbiome microbiota-gut-brain axis oxidative stress serum metabolites

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论个人信息处理“合同所必需”的二元构造与要素确定

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广东社会科学 2024年第2期 239-250页

作者：孙志煜李蕤贵州大学法学院贵阳550000

“合同所必需”是《个人信息保护法》第13条确立的个人信息合法处理事由,其实际指涉的是个人信息处理行为是否符合“合同所必需”之要求,目前的理论学说和司法实践对该问题的认识存在诸多分歧。“合同所必需”个人信息处理行为作为一种... 详细信息

“合同所必需”是《个人信息保护法》第13条确立的个人信息合法处理事由,其实际指涉的是个人信息处理行为是否符合“合同所必需”之要求,目前的理论学说和司法实践对该问题的认识存在诸多分歧。“合同所必需”个人信息处理行为作为一种准法律行为,具有主客观二元构造特征。主观构造中,主观意志是主观构造的第一要素,行为意思与表示行为构成主观意志的第二要素;客观构造中,公平原则、公序良俗原则、必要原则是客观构造的第一要素,事实必要、利益必要、价值必要则构成上述三原则的第二要素。在司法实践中确定“合同所必需”的主观构造要素,需要明确不同阶段信息主体和信息处理者的主观意志以及行为意思与表示行为的内在联系;确定“合同所必需”的客观构造要素,则要确立以必要原则要素为主,公平原则要素与公序良俗原则要素为辅的体系定位,并合理运用事实必要、利益必要以及价值必要三要素对订立、履行合同个人信息处理行为与合同目的之间是否存在必要关系进行判断。

关键词： “合同所必需” 个人信息二元构造主观构造要素客观构造要素

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覆材厚度对不锈钢复合板焊接接头应力应变影响的数值模拟分析

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焊接学报 2024年第1期45卷 73-82,I0007,I0008页

作者：冯玉兰吴志生孙智宇太原科技大学太原030024

采用钨极气体保护焊(gas tungsten arc welding,GTAW)制备了基材厚度为13 mm,覆材厚度分别为0.3,1.0,2.0 mm的304/Q355复合板焊接接头.采用数值模拟法,分析了覆材厚度对304/Q355复合板焊接接头应力应变的影响,揭示了不同覆材厚度的不锈... 详细信息

采用钨极气体保护焊(gas tungsten arc welding,GTAW)制备了基材厚度为13 mm,覆材厚度分别为0.3,1.0,2.0 mm的304/Q355复合板焊接接头.采用数值模拟法,分析了覆材厚度对304/Q355复合板焊接接头应力应变的影响,揭示了不同覆材厚度的不锈钢复合板焊接过程中残余应力及应变的演变特征.结果表明,随着覆材厚度的增加,304/Q355复合板焊接接头截面区最大残余应力逐渐减小,残余应力区宽度逐渐增大,在基层焊缝向过渡层焊缝焊接过程中,应力集中区逐渐向过渡层焊缝区收缩,最高应力集中区均位于过渡层焊缝区,最大应力接近材料屈服强度.焊后变形量随覆材厚度的增加而增大,覆材厚度2.0 mm的复合板变形量比覆材厚度0.3 mm的复合板变形量大约2 mm,变形最大的方向为焊缝厚度方向.

关键词：覆材厚度复合板应力应变数值模拟

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