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Qualitative analysis of direction of public hospital reforms in China

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Frontiers of Medicine 2018年第2期12卷 218-223页

作者： Dahai Zhao zhiruo zhang School of International and Public Affairs Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200030 China School Of Public Health Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200025 China

Reforms in public hospitals are among the most important improvements in China＇s health care system over the last two decades. However, the reforms that should be implemented in public hospitals are unclear. Thus, a feasible direction of reforms in Chinese public hospitals is suggested and reliable policy suggestions are provided for the government to reform public hospitals. The data used in this study were mainly derived from a qualitative study. Focus group discussions and in-depth interviews were conducted in Shanghai, Guangdong, and Gansu between May and December 2014. Government funding accounted for approximately eight percent of the total annual revenue of public hospitals in China, and the insufficient government subsidy considerably affects the operation mechanism of public hospitals. However, solely increasing this subsidy cannot address the inappropriate incentives of public hospitals in China. The most crucial step in setting the direction of reforms in public hospitals in China is transforming inappropriate incentives by implementing a new evaluation index system for directors and physicians in public hospitals.

关键词： public hospital government hospital public fimding operation mechanism

Changes in public trust in physicians: empirical evidence from China

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Frontiers of Medicine 2019年第4期13卷 504-510页

作者： Dahai Zhao zhiruo zhang School of International and Public Affairs Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200030 China School of Public Health Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200025 China

Studies examining the trends in public trust in physicians have provided a considerable amount of valuable policy implications for policymakers compared with cross-sectional studies on this topic in many countries. This study investigated changes in public trust in physicians in China based on two cross-sectional national surveys conducted in 2011 and 2016 and identified the determinants of these changes. The results indicated 83.4% of respondents in 20H reported trust or strong trust in physicians in China, which decreased to 64.2% by 2016. The results of ordinal logistic regression demonstrated that public trust in physicians in China had decreased significantly from 2011 to 2016 (P < 0.001) after adjusting for other independent variables. Selfreported health status, self-rated happiness, and self-identified social class were all associated positively with public trust in physicians in China. The results also confirmed that decreasing public satisfaction with the most recent treatment experience was the major determinant of decreasing public trust in physicians in China. The findings of this study suggest that decreasing public trust in physicians deserves considerable attention from national policymakers and that improving satisfaction with treatment experiences would be the most effective strategy for enhancing public trust in physicians in China.

关键词： trust in physicians public trust physician-patient relationship health system performance

Taizhou’s COVID-19 prevention and control experience with telemedicine features

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Frontiers of Medicine 2020年第4期14卷 506-510页

作者： Cenyi Shao Shijian Li Feng Zhu Dahai Zhao Hui Shao Haixiao Chen zhiruo zhang School of Public Health Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200025China Department of Public Health SUNY College at Old WestburyOld WestburyNY 11568USA Taizhou Enze Medical Center(Group) Taizhou Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityTaizhou 317000China School of International and Public Affairs Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200025China

The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has spread rapidly around the world.As of May 30,2020,a total of 84568 confirmed COVID-19 cases have been recorded in China,with a mortality rate of approximately 5.5%.Taizhou is a prefecture-level city in Zhejiang Province.A total of 146 cases were diagnosed in this epidemic,with a fatality rate of 0%.This condition is due to the establishment of an“Internet+”diagnosis and treatment model based on online medical application(APP),telemedicine,WeChat service,and consultation hotline in Taizhou.Taizhou led in opening the“COVID-19 Prevention and Treatment Special Line”in China,which is conducive to pre-hospital screening,suppressing social panic,and clinical support.Hospitals also carried out related online lectures and popularization of science.We summarize Taizhou’s COVID-19 prevention and control experience with telemedicine features,with a view to providing reference for the control of the epidemic at home and abroad.

关键词： COVID-19 telemedicine prevention experience

Protecting healthcare personnel from 2019-nCoV infection risks:lessons and suggestions

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Frontiers of Medicine 2020年第2期14卷 229-231页

作者： zhiruo zhang Shelan Liu Mi Xiang Shijian Li Dahai Zhao Chaolin Huang Saijuan Chen School of Public Health Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025China Department of Infectious Diseases Zhejiang Provincial Centre for Disease Control and PreventionHangzhou 310000China Department of Public Health SUNY College at Old WestburyOld WestburyNY 11568USA School of International and Public Affairs Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200025China Department of Infectious Diseases Jinyintan HospitalWuhan 430030China Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics Shanghai Institute of HematologyNational Research Center for Translational MedicineRuijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025China

The outbreak of a novel coronavirus disease(COVID-19,caused by the 2019-nCoV infection)in December 2019 is one of the most severe public health emergencies since the founding of People’s Republic of China in 1949.Healthcare personnel(HCP)nationwide are facing heavy workloads and high risk of infection,especially those who care for patients in Hubei Province.Sadly,as of February 20,2020,over two thousand COVID-19 cases are confirmed among HCP from 476 hospitals nationwide,with nearly 90%of them from Hubei Province.Based on literature search and interviews with some HCP working at Wuhan,capital city of Hubei,we have summarized some of the effective measures taken to reduce infection among HCP,and also made suggestions for improving occupational safety during an infectious disease outbreak.The experience and lessons learned should be a valuable asset for international health community to contain the ongoing COVID-19 epidemic around the world.

关键词： healthcare personnel COVID-19 infectious diseases

Management and operation of extra-large Fangcang hospitals:experience and lessons from containing the highly contagious SARS-CoV-2 Omicron in Shanghai,China

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Frontiers of Medicine 2023年第1期17卷 165-171页

作者： Yun Xian Chenhao Yu Minjie Chen Lin zhang Xinyi Zheng Shijian Li Erzhen Chen Zhongwan Chen Weihua Chen Chaoying Wang Qingrong Xu Tao Han Weidong Ye Wenyi Xu Xu Zhuang Yu Zheng Min Chen Jun Qin Yu Feng Shun Wei Yiling Fan zhiruo zhang Junhua Zheng School of Public Health Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025China Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai 200127China SUNY Old Westbury Department of Public HealthOld WestburyNY 11568USA Department of Emergency Intensive Care Unit Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025China Emergency Department Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200127China Shanghai Construction Group Co. Shanghai 200080China Department of Orthopaedics Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200127China Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200127China Nursing Department Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200127China Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200127China Department of Neurosurgery Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200127China Department of Pharmacy Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200040China Department of Urology Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200127China Department of Pulmonology Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200127China Civil Aviation Administration of China(CAAC) East China Regional Administration Aviation Personnel Examination CenterShanghai Hospital of Civil AviationShanghai 200336China

Introduction Omicron is more contagious and stealthier than the previous strains.The basic reproduction number of Omicron is around 8–12,whereas that of the previous mainstream strain Delta is only 5–8[1].Omicron’s symptoms are relatively mild[2]compared with Delta’s symptoms;however,Omicron’s transmission ability is very strong,and its risk to children and the elderly remains high[3].In addition,the vaccine’s preventive effect on Omicron has weakened.Therefore,Omicron can easily cause a rapid outbreak in a city.The population density of megacities and the limited public health resources further exacerbate the difficulty of Omicron prevention and control.

关键词： prevention operation difficulty

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国内外汽车电磁兼容标准浅析

中国汽车 2024年第5期 21-24,31页

作者：张芷若张晓楠中国汽车技术研究中心有限公司天津300300

近年来,汽车与新能源领域、通信领域的高速融合使得汽车行业正经历着一场重大变革。毫无疑问这场变革加快推进了汽车电动化、智能化、网联化的发展。搭载大量车载电气/电子部件和系统的车辆在运行期间会产生电气骚扰和射频骚扰,其频率... 详细信息

近年来,汽车与新能源领域、通信领域的高速融合使得汽车行业正经历着一场重大变革。毫无疑问这场变革加快推进了汽车电动化、智能化、网联化的发展。搭载大量车载电气/电子部件和系统的车辆在运行期间会产生电气骚扰和射频骚扰,其频率范围宽且可以通过传导耦合的方式影响车载部件和系统,从而导致性能下降、功能降级,甚至是永久损坏。因此,本篇文章着重研究国内外汽车电子与电磁兼容领域的标准法规体系,以方便读者进一步了解汽车零部件和整车的电磁兼容标准内容。

关键词：汽车电子与电磁兼容标准国际法规

黄河流域经济高质量发展与生态环境耦合协调的时空演化

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科技和产业 2024年第7期24卷 172-178页

作者：张芷若肖喜萌吉林建筑大学经济与管理学院长春130119

为探究黄河流域经济高质量发展与生态环境之间的关系,寻找影响两者协调关系的因素,运用综合指数评价模型、耦合协调度模型分析黄河流域9省区2008—2021年经济高质量发展与生态环境的发展水平及耦合协调关系的时空变化,并结合障碍度模型... 详细信息

为探究黄河流域经济高质量发展与生态环境之间的关系,寻找影响两者协调关系的因素,运用综合指数评价模型、耦合协调度模型分析黄河流域9省区2008—2021年经济高质量发展与生态环境的发展水平及耦合协调关系的时空变化,并结合障碍度模型进一步探讨耦合协调度的障碍因素。结果表明:黄河流域经济高质量发展与生态环境系统的综合评价指数均呈现上升的趋势;二者的耦合协调度在时间上呈上升趋势,但增长幅度不大,在空间上主要表现为空间分布不均且省区耦合协调度差异明显的特点;工业污染治理投资额成为影响全流域经济高质量发展与生态环境耦合协调度的主要障碍因素。

关键词：经济高质量发展生态环境耦合协调障碍因素黄河流域

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医务人员组织支持感的研究现状及展望

卫生软科学 2024年第6期38卷 74-77页

作者：陈钟婉李斯斯张智若上海交通大学医学院公共卫生学院上海200025

采用文献综述的方法,梳理医务人员组织支持感的研究现状。通过梳理发现,在结构与测量方面,现有组织支持感测量工具呈多样化趋势,但局限于一般场景或消极场景下的组织支持,无法测量积极场景下的组织支持;影响因素方面,现有研究主要从人... 详细信息

采用文献综述的方法,梳理医务人员组织支持感的研究现状。通过梳理发现,在结构与测量方面,现有组织支持感测量工具呈多样化趋势,但局限于一般场景或消极场景下的组织支持,无法测量积极场景下的组织支持;影响因素方面,现有研究主要从人力资源实践、组织氛围、个人特质等方面探讨医务人员组织支持感的前因;影响效果方面,医务人员感知到组织支持对其工作态度、行为和身心健康有积极影响,有助于改善其福祉和推动医院发展。未来研究应进一步完善组织支持感的测量工具和探讨医院积极情境下的组织支持。

关键词：医务人员组织支持感研究现状展望积极视角

双向长短期记忆网络在燃气异常数据填补中的应用研究

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城市燃气 2024年第4期 10-14页

作者：胡殿涛张芷若刘保祥凡建功上海航天能源股份有限公司镇江华润燃气有限公司

完整、可靠的燃气调压站运行数据对于城燃企业运营管理至关重要,然而在实际运行中,由于诸如电子脉冲、通信中断等原因,造成燃气调压站产生的时序数据存在缺失、跳变等异常现象,严重影响数据的可靠性及数据的二次运用能力。因此本文提出... 详细信息

完整、可靠的燃气调压站运行数据对于城燃企业运营管理至关重要,然而在实际运行中,由于诸如电子脉冲、通信中断等原因,造成燃气调压站产生的时序数据存在缺失、跳变等异常现象,严重影响数据的可靠性及数据的二次运用能力。因此本文提出了一种基于双向长短期记忆网络(BiLSTM)的方法,通过对历史数据的学习和分析,预测并填补异常数据,实验表明本文方法在时序缺失数据填补的平均相对误差率不超过10%,在数据异常填补处理方面具有一定可行性,为燃气时序数据填补提供了新的参考思路。

关键词：燃气调压站时序数据异常数据填补 BiLSTM