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Irrigation regimes modulate non-structural carbohydrate remobilization and improve grain filling in rice(Oryza sativa L.)by regulating starch metabolism

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第5期23卷 1507-1522页

作者： Yuguang Zang Gaozhao Wu Qiangqiang Li Yiwen xu Mingming xue Xingyu Chen Haiyan Wei Weiyang Zhang Hao Zhang Lijun Liu zhiqin Wang Junfei Gu Jianchang Yang Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Agricultural College YangzhouUniversityYangzhou225009China Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China

Recently developed ‘super’ rice cultivars with greater yield potentials often suffer from the problem of poor grain filling, especially in inferior spikelets. Here, we studied the activities of enzymes related to starch metabolism in rice stems and grains, and the microstructures related to carbohydrate accumulation and transportation to investigate the effects of different water regimes on grain filling. Two ‘super’ rice cultivars were grown under two irrigation regimes of well-watered(WW) and alternate wetting and moderate soil drying(AWMD). Compared with the WW treatment,the activities of ADP glucose pyrophosphorylase(AGPase), starch synthase(StSase) and starch branching enzyme(SBE), and the accumulation of non-structural carbohydrates(NSCs) in the stems before heading were significantly improved, and more starch granules were stored in the stems in the AWMD treatment. After heading, the activities of α-amylase, β-amylase, sucrose phosphate synthase(SPS) and sucrose synthase in the synthetic direction(SSs)were increased in the stems to promote the remobilization of NSCs for grain filling under AWMD. During grain filling, the enzymatic activities of sucrose synthase in the cleavage direction(SSc), AGPase, StSase and SBE in the inferior spikelets were increased, which promoted grain filling, especially for the inferior spikelets under AWMD.However, there were no significant differences in vascular microstructures. The grain yield and grain weight could be improved by 13.1 and 7.5%, respectively, by optimizing of the irrigation regime. We concluded that the low activities of key enzymes in carbon metabolism is the key limitation for the poor grain filling, as opposed to the vascular microstructures, and AWMD can increase the amount of NSC accumulation in the stems before heading, improve the utilization rate of NSCs after heading, and increase the grain filling, especially in the inferior spikelets, by altering the activities of key enzymes in carbon metabolism.

关键词： rice(Oryza sativa L.) non-structural carbohydrates(NsCs) enzymatic activity grain illing starch granules vascular bundle

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Geochronology, Geochemistry and Tectonic Significance of the Early Carboniferous Gabbro and Diorite Plutons in West Ujimqin, Inner Mongolia

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Journal of Earth Science 2017年第2期28卷 249-264页

作者： Shiwei Ma Changfeng Liu zhiqin xu Zhiguang Zhou Jinyuan Dong Hongying Li Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Laboratory for Continental Tectonics and Dynamics Beijing 100037 China Institute of Geology Survey China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China Key Laboratory of Active Tectonics and Volcano Institute of Geology China Earthquake Administration Beijing 100029 China School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China

Early Carboniferous gabbros and diorites are distributed in West Ujimqin, Inner Mongolia. The LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb ages of the gabbro and diorite samples are 321± 2 Ma（MSWD=0.65） and 319.4± 1.5 Ma（MSWD=0.42）, respectively. In addition, new geochemistry data from three gabbro and three diorite samples are presented. All six samples show high Al_2O_3 contents but low-TiO_2 contents, belonging to tholeiitic and calc-alkali basalt series. All of the samples have similar chondrite normalized REE patterns characterized by moderate depletion in LREE similar to normal middle oceanic ridge basalt（MORB）. The MORB and PM-normalized trace element patterns show the enrichment in large ion lithophile elements（LILE, e.g., Rb, Ba and Sr）, depletion in high field strength elements（HFSE） and distinctly negative Nb and Ta anomalies similar to volcanic arc basalt. Furthermore, as shown in the correlation plots of La/Ba vs. La/Nb, Ba/La vs. Ce/Pb, Th/La vs. Ce/Pb, Nb/La vs. Ba/Rb, and Nb/Y vs. La/Yb, the magma source has underwent contamination and metasomatism from the subduction fluid. According to the Zr/Nb, La/Nb, and La/Ta ratios and the Nb/Y vs. Zr/Y and Sm/Yb vs. La/Sm diagrams, the magma was derived from shallow depleted lithospheric mantle and formed by moderate（5%~20%） partial melting of spinel lherzolites. Tectonic setting discrimination diagrams reveal that the gabbros and diorites display both characteristics of MORB and volcanic arc basalt, which is consistent with their geochemical characteristics. On the basis of the geochemical features of these samples, combined with regional geological data and many previous researches in the study area, the Early Carboniferous gabbros and diorites of West Ujimqin are suggested to be formed in an intensely extensional rift setting, and a limited immature ocean basin probably formed after subsequent development.

关键词： zircon U-Pb age geochemistry extensional setting Early Carboniferous West Ujimqin

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Timing of Displacement along the Yardoi Detachment Fault,Southern Tibet:Insights from Zircon U-Pb and Mica 40Ar-39Ar Geochronology

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Journal of Earth Science 2019年第3期30卷 535-548页

作者： Hanwen Dong Yuanku Meng zhiqin xu Hui Cao Zhiyu Yi Zeliang Ma Key Laboratoiy of Deep-Earth Dynamics of Ministry of Natural Resources Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 China College of Earth Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266590 China School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China

The Yardoi dome is located in the eastern end of the northwest-southeast extending North Himalayan domes (NHD). The dome exposes a granite pluton in the core and three lithologictectonic units separated by the upper detachment fault and the lower detachment fault. The Yardoi detachment fault (YDF), corresponding to the lower detachment fault, is a 800 m strongly deformed top-NW shear zone. LA-1CP-MS zircon U-Pb dating yielded a crystallization ages of 19.57±0.23 to 15.5±0.11 Ma for the leucogranite dyke swarm, which indicates that the ductile motion along the YDF began at ca. 20 Ma. The 40Ar/39Ar muscovite ages of 14.05±0.2 to 13.2±0.2 Ma and the 40Ar/39Ar biotite age of 13.15±0.2 Ma, suggest that the exhumation led to cooling through the 370℃ Ar closure temperature in muscovite at ~14 Ma to the 335℃ Ar closure temperature in biotite at ~13 Ma. Our new geochronological data from the Yardoi dome and other domes in the Tethyan Himalayan Sequences suggest that the ductile deformation in the region began at or before^36 Ma in a deep tectonic level, resulting in southward ductile flow at the mid-crustai tectonic level that continued from 20 to 13 Ma. Comparing the Yardoi dome to other domes in the NHD, the cooling ages show a clear diachronism and they are progressively younger from the West Himalayan to the East Himalayan.

关键词： leucogranite geochronology Yardoi dome southern Tibet Himalayan Orogen

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陵水区块超深水高性能恒流变油基钻井液技术

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钻井液与完井液 2024年第2期41卷 184-190页

作者：刘智勤徐加放彭巍徐超于晓东中国石油大学(华东)石油工程学院山东青岛266580 中海石油(中国)有限公司湛江分公司广东湛江524057 中海石油(中国)有限公司海南分公司海口570312

超深水钻井不仅面临低温、井壁不稳定、地层安全作业压力窗口窄以及井眼清洁困难等问题,还对钻井液的性能提出了更高的要求。通过对乳化剂的分子结构进行设计,研制出一种同时具备乳化和流型调控作用的新型乳化剂KMUL,并以此为主要处理剂... 详细信息

超深水钻井不仅面临低温、井壁不稳定、地层安全作业压力窗口窄以及井眼清洁困难等问题,还对钻井液的性能提出了更高的要求。通过对乳化剂的分子结构进行设计,研制出一种同时具备乳化和流型调控作用的新型乳化剂KMUL,并以此为主要处理剂,构建了一套适用于南海西部陵水区块超深水工况的高性能恒流变油基钻井液,并对钻井液性能进行了评价。结果表明:该钻井液具有良好的恒流变特性,在温度为2~150℃、压力为0~56 MPa范围内的流变性能较为稳定;钻井液的抗污染能力较强,当岩屑和海水的加量为15%时,钻井液的综合性能比较稳定;钻井液的储层保护效果较好,岩心渗透率恢复值能达到92%以上;钻井液的生物毒性较低,具备良好的环境保护性能。LS-C超深水井的现场应用结果表明,不同井深的现场钻井液流变性能和破乳电压均比较稳定,钻井液当量循环密度始终维持在低位,施工过程顺利,井筒直径规整,未出现井下复杂情况。研究结果表明,该高性能恒流变油基钻井液满足陵水区块超深水钻井施工的需求。

关键词：超深水井乳化剂油基钻井液恒流变 ECD控制

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The ages of U-Pb and Sm-Nd for eclogite from the western segment of Altyn Tagh tectonic belt——Evidence for existence of Caledonian orogenic root

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第24期44卷 2256-2259页

作者： Jianxin Zhang Zeming Zhang zhiqin xu Jingsui Yang Junwen Cui Chinese Acad Geol Sci Inst Geol Beijing 100037 Peoples R China

The eclogites of Altyn Tagh tectonic belt occur as lens within gneisses characterized by amphibolite-facies mineral parageneses. The well-preserved eclogite is selected for Sm-Nd and U-Pb isotopic dating. The Sm-Nd isotopic data yield a whole rock-garnet-omphacite isochron of (500 ?10) Ma. The U-Pb isotopic measurements of zircons show that the four

关键词： Altyn Tagh tectonic belt eclogite Sm-Nd dating U-Pb dating.

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Uplift of the Longmen Shan range and the Wenchuan earthquake

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Episodes 2008年第3期31卷 291-301页

作者： zhiqin xu Shaocheng Ji Haibing Li Liwei Hou Xiaofang Fu Zhihui Cai Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics Ministry of Land and Resources Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 China Department of Civil Geological and Mining Engineering Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal Montreal Quebec H3C 3A7 Canada Department of Land and Resources of Sichuan Province Chengdu 610072 China.

The 12 May 2008 Wenchuan earthquake (Ms=8.0) struck on the Longmen Shan foreland thrust zone. The event took place within the context of long-term uplift of the Longmen Shan range as a result of the extensive eastward-extrusion of crustal materials from the Tibetan plateau against the rheologically strong crust of the Sichuan Basin. The Longmen Shan range is characterized by a Pre-Sinian crystalline complex constrained by the Maoxian-Wenchuan-Kangding ductile detachment at the western margin and the Yingxiu-Beichuan-Luding ductile thrust at the eastern margin. The Longmen Shan uplift was initiated by intracontinental subduction between the Songpan-Ganzi terrane and the Yangtze block during the Pre-Cenozoic. The uplift rate was increased considerably by the collision between the Indian and Eurasian plates since ∼50 Ma. The Wenchuan earthquake resulted in two major NE-striking coseismic ruptures (i.e., the ∼275 km long Yingxiu-Beichuan-Qingchuan fault and the ∼ 100 km long Anxian-Guanxianfault). Field investigations combined with focal solutions and seismic reflection profiles suggest that the coseismic ruptures are steeply dipping close-to-pure reverse or right reverse oblique slip faults in the ∼ 15 km thick upper crust. These faults are unfavorably oriented for frictional slip in the horizontally compressional regime, so that they need a long recurrence interval to accumulate the tectonic stress and fluid pressure to critically high levels for the formation of strong earthquakes at a given locality. It is also found that all the large earthquakes (Ms>7.0) occurred in the fault zones across which the horizontal movement velocities measured by the GPS are markedly low (<3 mn/yr). The faults, which constitute the northeastern fronts of the enlarging Tibetan plateau against the strong Sichuan Basin, Ala Shan and Ordos blocks, are very destructive, although their average recurrence intervals are generally long.

关键词：反向压力汶川地震龙门山地理特征

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油炸预制鱼冷冻复热过程中的品质变化

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食品工业科技 2024年第4期45卷 267-272页

作者：葛智勤陈哲余达威夏文水许艳顺江南大学食品学院江苏无锡214122 甘棠明善食品有限公司广东广州510000

为解决新零售预制烤鱼经冷冻复热后口感下降的问题,选取草鱼为研究对象,以水分含量、持水力、水分分布及组成和微观结构等为指标,探究鱼肉油炸、冷冻、复热不同阶段的品质变化规律。结果表明,随冻融循环次数增加,鱼肉肌纤维破坏程度增加... 详细信息

为解决新零售预制烤鱼经冷冻复热后口感下降的问题,选取草鱼为研究对象,以水分含量、持水力、水分分布及组成和微观结构等为指标,探究鱼肉油炸、冷冻、复热不同阶段的品质变化规律。结果表明,随冻融循环次数增加,鱼肉肌纤维破坏程度增加,水分含量显著降低(P<0.05),持水性变差,脂肪氧化和蛋白降解程度显著增加(P<0.05),风味发生改变。复热后,冻融1次鱼肉仍能保持较好口感,但冻融2次后鱼肉感官评分较低,且肌原纤维小片化指数、TBARS和TCA-可溶性肽含量较冷冻前样品分别增加了24.44%、225.84%和52.85%。综上,当油炸预制鱼产品在贮运流通过程中发生冻融次数超过2次时明显降低产品食用品质和消费者接受度。

关键词：预制烤鱼冷冻水分蛋白质品质变化

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Asprosin在生殖细胞发育中作用的研究进展

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基础医学与临床 2024年第4期44卷 558-561页

作者：徐志琴谭晓南京医科大学第二附属医院心血管内科江苏南京210011

Asprosin是由140个氨基酸组成的蛋白类激素,主要由白色脂肪组织分泌。多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)和精子无力症是影响生育的常见疾病。Asprosin通过促进卵泡刺激素(LH)诱导小颗粒细胞雌二醇的生成和胰岛素样生长因子1(IGF-1)诱导小颗粒细胞孕... 详细信息

Asprosin是由140个氨基酸组成的蛋白类激素,主要由白色脂肪组织分泌。多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)和精子无力症是影响生育的常见疾病。Asprosin通过促进卵泡刺激素(LH)诱导小颗粒细胞雌二醇的生成和胰岛素样生长因子1(IGF-1)诱导小颗粒细胞孕酮的生成等方式调节卵巢内卵泡的生长和优势卵泡排卵。Asprosin作用于下丘脑和睾丸,调节性激素的合成和促进生殖细胞对营养物质的摄取,增加精子的数量、存活率和运动能力。Asprosin参与调节卵泡的生长和精子的发生,为不育症的治疗提供新的策略和靶点。

关键词： Asprosin 多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS) 生殖细胞

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OSAHS患者超声心动图与多导睡眠监测结果的相关性

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河北医药 2024年第12期46卷 1818-1821页

作者：徐志琴朱嵘南京医科大学第二附属医院心内科南京市210011 南京医科大学第二附属医院急诊科南京市210011

目的探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)患者超声心动图与多导睡眠监测结果的相关性。方法回顾性收集2021年8月至2023年2月行多导睡眠监测的患者73例。根据呼吸暂停-低通气指数(AHI)值将患者分为轻度组(5≤AHI<15,29例),中度组... 详细信息

目的探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)患者超声心动图与多导睡眠监测结果的相关性。方法回顾性收集2021年8月至2023年2月行多导睡眠监测的患者73例。根据呼吸暂停-低通气指数(AHI)值将患者分为轻度组(5≤AHI<15,29例),中度组(15≤AHI<30,15例)和重度组(AHI≥30,29例)。收集患者基本临床资料(性别、年龄、吸烟、饮酒、常规生化、既往病史),多导睡眠监测结果(AHI、OAHI、ODI、RERA),超声心动图(LAD、RAD、IVS、LVPW、LVEF)。比较3组患者基本临床资料、多导睡眠监测结果、超声心动图的差异,并探究超声心动图与多导睡眠监测结果之间的相关性。结果3组患者基本临床资料中重度组高血压患病率高于中度组和轻度组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);3组患者任意2组患者AHI、OAHI和ODI之间的差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05),重度组与中度组、重度组与轻度组RERA差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);3组患者超声心动图重度组与中度组患者IVS和LVPW差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05),重度组与轻度组患者LAD、IVS和LVPW差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。相关性分析LAD、IVS和LVPW分别与AHI、OAHI、ODI均呈正相关(P<0.05),仅LVPW与RERA呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论OSAHS患者超声心动图与多导睡眠监测结果随病情的加重变化显著。其中,LAD、IVS和LVPW分别与AHI、OAHI、ODI均呈正相关,对于临床OSAHS患者病情评估及预后的判断具有重要的指导意义。

关键词：阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征多导睡眠监测超声心动图相关性分析

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Evidence for UHP metamor-phism of eclogites from the Altun Mountains

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2002年第9期47卷 751-755页

作者： Jianxin Zhang Jingsui Yang zhiqin xu Fancong Meng Haibing Li Rendeng Shi Chinese Acad Geol Sci Inst Geol Beijing 100037 Peoples R China

Ultrahigh pressure (UHP) metamorphism refers to metamorphism that has occurred at pressures for the stability of coesite. The polycrystalline quartz inclusions showing the characteristic texture within garnets of eclogites indicates the pre-existence of coesites under the peak meta-morphic condition. The unusual exsolution textures in om-pacites and apatites, and the pressure estimations of phengite-bearing eclogites have been taken to provide further proof of eclogite formation under the UHP conditions. Combined with the fact that coesites have been observed in country rocks of eclogites in North Qaidam Mountains, another UHP metamorphic belt cut by the large-scale strike-slip fault in the Altun-North Qaidam area of China is confirmed.

关键词： Altun Mountains eclogite UHP metamorphism.

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