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Distribution Characteristics of Geohazards Induced by the Lushan Earthquake and Their Comparisons with the Wenchuan Earthquake

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Journal of Earth Science 2014年第5期25卷 912-923页

作者： zhiqiang yin Wuji Zhao Xiaoguang Qin Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences China Institute of Geo-Environment Monitoring School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences

The Lushan Earthquake induced a large number of geohazards. They are widely distributed and caused serious damages. The basic characteristics, formation mechanisms and typical cases of geohazards induced by Lushan Earthquake are described, and compares to the relationships of Lushan and Wenchuan earthquakes between geohazards and earthquake magnitude, geomorphology, slope angle, elevation and seismic intensity in the most affected areas in the article.（1） The numbers and volumes of landslides and rockslides differ significantly between the two earthquakes due to their differing magnitudes. The Lushan Earthquake is associated with fewer and smaller-magnitude geohazards, within the immediate area, which mainly consist of small-and medium-sized shallow landslides and rockslides, and occur on steep slopes and mountain valleys. The largest landslide induced by Lushan Earthquake is the Gangoutou Landslide debris flow with a residual volume of about 2.48×106 m3. The most dangerous debris flow is at Lengmugou gulley in Baoxing County, which has similar geomorphological features and disaster modes as a previous disaster in Zhouqu County, Gansu Province.（2） Geohazards induced by the Lushan Earthquake show four mechanisms： cracking-rockslides-collision- scraping and then debris flows, cracking-rockslides, vibration-rainfall-rockslides-landslide and then debris flow, vibration-throwing or scrolling.（3） There are significant similarities and differences between the geohazards induced by these two earthquakes. The types of geohazards are the same but the volume, quantity and other factors differ： geohazards are concentrated on slope angles of 10°-40° in the Lushan Earthquake area, especially within 10°-20°, and at absolute elevation of 500-2000 m above sea level（a.s.l.）. Geohazards within the Wenchuan Earthquake area are concentrated on steeper slope angles of 30°-40° at higher absolute elevations of 1500-2000 m.s.l..

关键词： Lushan Earthquake Wenchuan Earthquake geohazards basic characteristics comparison.

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Landslide Developmental Characteristics and Response to Climate Change since the Last Glacial in the Upper Reaches of the Yellow River, NE Tibetan Plateau

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2014年第2期88卷 635-646页

作者： yin zhiqiang QIN Xiaoguang yin Yueping ZHAO Wuji WEI Gang Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences China Institute of Geo-environment Monitoring China University of Geosciences (Beijing) Qinghai Environmental Geological Prospecting Bureau

The upper reaches of the Yellow River in northeastern Tibetan Plateau are geohazards *** evolution of the Yellow River,chronology of some landslides,and spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of super large scale and giant landslides within the region are summarized using paleoclimate evidence,and the relationship between the intensive landslide period and climatic changes since the Last Glacial period is *** is concluded that （1） Super large scale and giant landslides are distributed widely within the region,particularly in the Qunke-Jianzha basin.（2） The chronological sequence of landslides is established by dating the slip zones of landslides and analyzing the relations between landslides and their overlying or underlying loess *** landslide development periods are determined：53-49 ka BP,33-24 ka BP,10-8 ka BP,5-3.5 ka BP,and the present.（3） These correspond closely to warm and wet periods during the last 100,000 years,i.e.,two weak paleosol development stages of Malan loess deposited during the last Glacial period in the Chinese loess Plateau,L1-4 and L1-2 that belong to the marine oxygen isotope stage 3,the last deglaeial period,the Holocene Optimum,and the modern global warming period.（4） Landslide triggers may be closely linked to warm and wet periods related to rapid climatic transitions.

关键词： landslide developmental characteristics climate change upper reaches of the Yellow River response

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Revisit of short-term periodicities in solar mean magnetic field

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2014年第33期59卷 4478-4483页

作者： zhiqiang yin Jie Chen Yanben Han National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences

Short-term variations of the solar mean magnetic field(SMMF) were investigated through re-analyzing the data from the Wilcox Solar Observatory during the last four solar activity cycles using continuous wavelet *** demonstrated the time-variable characters of short-term periods of SMMF. Our results indicate that the SMMF has main periods of about 27 and 13.5 days not only in the minimum and maximum years of each activity cycle, but also in the increase and decrease of the solar cycle. The result is partly different from the conclusion that the SMMF has dominant period of about 27 days during the solar maxima and about 13.5 days during the solar minimum years(Ye et al. in Solar Phys 279:411–418, 2012). The entire time span of SMMF was investigated and discussed further.

关键词：太阳平均磁场周期性短期太阳活动周期连续小波变换太阳物理学时间变化时间跨度

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Formation Mechanisms and Geomorphic Evolution of the Erlian Mudflow Fans, Eastern Guide Basin of the Upper Reaches of Yellow River

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2016年第2期90卷 578-589页

作者： ZHAO Wuji yin zhiqiang XU Qiang QIN Xiaoguang School of the Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China China Institute of Geo-environment Monitoring Beijing 100081 China State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu 610059 China Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

Several argillaceous platforms lie along the Yellow River（YR） of the eastern Guide Basin, northeastern Tibetan Plateau, and their compositions, formation processes, and geomorphic evolution remain debated. Using field survey data, sample testing, and high-resolution remote sensing images, the evolution of the Erlian mudflow fans are analyzed. The data show significant differences between fans on either side of the YR. On the right bank, fans are dilute debris flows consisting of sand and gravel. On the left bank, fans are viscosity mudflows consisting of red clay. The composition and formation processes of the left bank platforms indicate a rainfall-induced pluvial landscape. Fan evolution can be divided into two stages： early-stage fans pre-date 16 ka B.P., and formed during the last deglaciation; late-stage fans post-date 8 ka B.P.. Both stages were induced by climate change. The data indicate that during the Last Glacial Maximum, the northeastern Tibetan Plateau experienced a cold and humid climate characterized by high rainfall. From 16–8 ka, the YR cut through the Erlian early mudflow fan, resulting in extensive erosion. Since 8 ka, the river channel has migrated south by at least 1.25 km, and late stage mudflow fan formation has occurred.

关键词： the upper reaches of Yellow River Guide Basin mud-flow fan forming mechanism geomorphic evolution

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Selection of satellite constellation framework of CAPS

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2009年第3期52卷 458-471页

作者： HAN YanBen MA LiHua QIAO QiYuan yin zhiqiang AI GuoXiang National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100012China

Based on the idea of transmitting the satellite navigation and positioning system, taking the distribution and variation of the Position Dilution of Precision factor (PDOP), which is closely related with the precision of navigation and positioning, within the China area as the primary criterion, we analyze and discuss the tentative plan of constellation configuration consisting of geosynchronous orbit (GEO) communication satellites and inclined geosynchronous orbit (IGSO) satellites for the transmitting Chinese Area Positioning System (CAPS). We emphatically consider the effect on the PDOP by the three major orbit parameters including the inclination, eccentricity and right ascension of the ascend- ing node (RAAN) of IGSO satellites, to research the strategies of the constellation configuration of CAPS through software emulation. Various constellation configurations are analyzed and compared and the results show that the constellation configuration, consisting of three IGSO communication satellites in three orbits with the same inclination as 50°, the difference in RAAN as 120° and the same "8" shaped ground track centered near 115°E and four or five GEO communication satellites within 60°E to 150°E, can satisfy the requirement that Chinese domain is availably covered and the navigation and positioning with high precision could be obtained. Three relatively excellent constellation configurations are initially suggested and some concerned issues are discussed in this work.

关键词： satellite navigation regional positioning system constellation CAPS

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Long-term variations of solar activity

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2007年第20期52卷 2737-2741页

作者： yin zhiqiang MA LiHua HAN YanBen HAN YongGang National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100012 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Using the Lomb-Scargle periodogram we analyzed two sunspot series: the one over the past 11000 years at the 10-year interval based upon the survey data of 14C concentration in tree-rings, recon- structed by Solanki et al.; and the sunspot number over the past 7000 years, derived from geomagnetic variations by Usoskin et al. We found the periods and quasi-periods in solar activity, such as about 225, 352, 441, 522 and 561 a, and near 1000 and 2000 a. An approach of wavelet transform was applied to check the two sunspot time series, with emphasis on investigating time-varying characteristics in the long-term fluctuations of solar activity. The results show that the lengths and amplitudes of the periods have changed with time, and large variations have taken place during some periods.

关键词：太阳活跃性太阳黑子光谱分析光波传播

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Carbon fluxes in the China Seas: An overview and perspective

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Science China Earth Sciences 2018年第11期61卷 1564-1582页

作者： Qian LIU Xianghui GUO zhiqiang yin Kuanbo ZHOU Elliott Gareth ROBERTS Minhan DAI State Key Laboratory for Marine Environmental Science Xiamen University

This paper aims to provide an overview of regional carbon fluxes and budgets in the marginal seas adjacent to *** "China Seas" includes primarily the South China Sea, East China Sea, Yellow Sea, and the Bohai Sea. Emphasis is given to CO_2 fluxes across the air-sea interface and their controls. The net flux of CO_2 degassing from the China Seas is estimated to be9.5±53 Tg C yr^(-1). The total riverine carbon flux through estuaries to the China Seas is estimated as 59.6±6.4 Tg C yr^(-1). Chinese estuaries annually emit 0.74±0.02 Tg C as CO_2 to the atmosphere. Additionally, there is a very large net carbon influx from the Western Pacific to the China Seas, amounting to ～2.5 Pg C yr^(-1). As a first-order estimate, the total export flux of particulate organic carbon from the upper ocean of the China Seas is 240±80 Tg C yr^(-1). This review also attempts to examine current knowledge gaps to promote a better understanding of the carbon cycle in this important region.

关键词： Air-sea CO2 fluxes Marine biogeochemistry Marginal seas Ocean carbon cycle China Seas

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Functions of retired GEO communication satellites in improving the PDOP value of CAPS

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2009年第3期52卷 423-433页

作者： HAN YanBen MA LiHua QIAO QiYuan yin zhiqiang SHI HuLi AI GuoXiang National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100012China

This paper briefly introduces the maneuverable feature of the slightly inclined geosynchronous orbit (SIGSO) satellites under a new control model degraded from the geosynchronous orbit (GEO) communication satellites which will retire as most of the fuel in these satellites has been consumed. Basing on the transmitting Chinese Area Positioning System (CAPS), the authors, by analyses, indicate that such satellites can make an improvement to CAPS constellation configuration, especially to the PDOP value from simulation. The results show that the use of SIGSO satellites can (1) actualize three-dimensional (3D) navigation and positioning compared with the situation, which, only using GEO satellites, cannot be carried out, and improve navigation and positioning accuracy to some extent; (2) reuse the communication services of these satellites for more years, and GEO communication satellites will be retired at a later time and delay their time to become space debris and reduce their pollution of the space environment, so that valuable space resources are maximally used. As for the use of these satellites in the transmitting positioning system, the authors present some views and suggestions in this work.

关键词： satellite navigation and positioning GEO communication satellite retired satellite CAPS

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Diagnosis of CO2 dynamics and fluxes in global coastal oceans

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National Science Review 2020年第4期7卷 786-797页

作者： Zhimian Cao Wei Yang Yangyang Zhao Xianghui Guo zhiqiang yin Chuanjun Du Huade Zhao Minhan Dai State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of Ocean and Earth Sciences Xiamen University

Global coastal oceans as a whole represent an important carbon sink but, due to high spatial–temporal variability, a mechanistic conceptualization of the coastal carbon cycle is still under development, hindering the modelling and inclusion of coastal carbon in Earth System Models. Although temperature is considered an important control of sea surface p CO2, we show that the latitudinal distribution of global coastal surface p CO2does not match that of temperature, and its inter-seasonal changes are substantially regulated by non-thermal factors such as water mass mixing and net primary production. These processes operate in both ocean-dominated and river-dominated margins, with carbon and nutrients sourced from the open ocean and land, respectively. These can be conceptualized by a semi-analytical framework that assesses the consumption of dissolved inorganic carbon relative to nutrients, to determine how a coastal system is a CO2source or sink. The framework also finds utility in accounting for additional nutrients in organic forms and testing hypotheses such as using Redfield stoichiometry, and is therefore an essential step toward comprehensively understanding and modelling the role of the coastal ocean in the global carbon cycle.

关键词： CO2 dynamics and fluxes coastal ocean ocean-dominated margin river-dominated ocean margin carbon cycle

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Tofacitinib combined with local low-dose ixekizumab injection benefits those with peripheral psoriatic arthritis

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2024年第1期38卷 92-94页

作者： Yours Sincerely Ruiyuan Xia Weixin Zhang Jing Hang zhiqiang yin Department of Dermatology the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210029China Department of Ultrasound the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210029China.

Dear Editor,Treating psoriatic arthritis(PsA)is always *** treatments can be administered either orally or through intramuscular and intra-articular injection,including conventional synthetics,biologics and targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs[1].The alternatives,topical external therapies,are not effective on joint lesions due to drug permeability *** injected into the articular cavity are also unsuitable for small peripheral joint lesions,the most common manifestations of *** limited treatment options for PsA present a challenge.

关键词： injection drugs cavity treatment

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