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The ALMA-QUARKS Survey.Ⅰ.Survey Description and Data Reduction

Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第2期24卷 104-124页

作者：刘训川 Tie Liu Lei Zhu Guido Garay Hong-Li Liu Paul Goldsmith Neal Evans Kee-Tae Kim sheng-Yuan Liu Fengwei Xu Xing Lu Anandmayee Tej Xiaofeng Mai Leonardo Bronfman Shanghuo Li Diego Mardones Amelia Stutz Ken'ichi Tatematsu Ke Wang Qizhou Zhang sheng-Li Qin Jianwen Zhou Qiuyi Luo Siju Zhang Yu Cheng Jinhua He Qilao Gu Ziyang Li Zhenying Zhang Suinan Zhang Anindya Saha Lokesh Dewangan Patricio Sanhueza zhiqiang shen Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200030China Chinese Academy of Sciences South America Center for Astronomy National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Departamento de Astronomía Universidad de ChileLas Condes7591245 SantiagoChile School of Physics and Astronomy Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology4800 Oak Grove DrivePasadena CA 91109USA Department of Astronomy The University of Texas at AustinTX 78712-1205USA Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute 776 Daedeokdae-roYuseong-guDaejeon 34055Republic of Korea Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Academia SinicaRoosevelt RoadTaipei 10617China Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Astronomy School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology Thiruvananthapuram 695547KeralaIndia Max Planck Institute for Astronomy Königstuhl 17D-69117 HeidelbergGermany Departamento de Astronomía Universidad de ConcepciónCasilla 160-CConcepciónChile Nobeyama Radio Observatory National Astronomical Observatory of JapanNational Institutes of Natural Sciences462-2 NobeyamaMinamimakiMinamisakuNagano 384-1305Japan Center for Astrophysics∣Harvard&Smithsonian 60 Garden StreetCambridgeMA 02138USA Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie Auf dem Hügel 69D-53125 BonnGermany School of Astronomy and Space Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 OsawaMitakaTokyo181-8588Japan Yunnan Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650216China Physical Research Laboratory NavrangpuraAhmedabad-380009India Astronomical Science Program The Graduate University for Advanced StudiesSOKENDAI2-21-1 OsawaMitakaTokyo 181-8588Japan University of Science and Technology Korea(UST)217 Gajeong-roYuseong-guDaejeon 34113Republic o

This paper presents an overview of the QUARKS survey,which stands for Querying Underlying mechanisms of massive star formation with ALMA-Resolved gas Kinematics and Structures."The QUARKS survey is observing139 massive clumps covered by 156 pointings at Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array(ALMA)Band 6(λ~1.3 mm).In conjunction with data obtained from the ALMA-ATOMS survey at Band 3(λ~3 mm),QUARKS aims to carry out an unbiased statistical investigation of massive star formation process within protoclusters down to a scale of 1000 au.This overview paper describes the observations and data reduction of the QUARKS survey,and gives a first look at an exemplar source,the mini-starburst Sgr B2(M).The wide-b and width(7.5 GHz)and high-angular-resolution(~0."3)observations of the QUARKS survey allow for the resolution of much more compact cores than those could be done by the ATOMS survey,and to detect previously unrevealed fainter filamentary structures.The spectral windows cover transitions of species including CO,SO,N_(2)D^(+),SiO,H_(30)α,H_(2)CO,CH_(3)CN,and many other complex organic molecules,tracing gas components with different temperatures and spatial extents.QUARKS aims to deepen our understanding of several scientific topics of massive star formation,such as the mass transport within protoclusters by(hub-)filamentary structures,the existence of massive starless cores,the physical and chemical properties of dense cores within protoclusters,and the feedback from already formed high-mass young protostars.

关键词： stars formation-stars kinematics and dynamics-ISM clouds-ISM molecules

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Inhibition character of crotonaldehyde manufacture wastewater on biological acidification

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021年第6期15卷 293-302页

作者： Tao Liu Yudong Song zhiqiang shen Yuexi Zhou State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China Research Center of Environmental Pollution Control Engineering Technology Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

This work aims to investigate the inhibitory effect of crotonaldehyde manufacture wastewater(CMW)on biological acidification.To reveal the inhibitory effect of wastewater to the anaerobic granular sludge(AnGS),variations of the specific acidogenic activity(SAA)and activities of key enzymes were investigated.The results indicated that the dosage of CMW causing a 50%effect concentration(EC50)on the activity of total volatile fatty acids(TVFA)production was 380 mg COD/g VSS.The inhibitory effect of individual toxicants in CMW on the activity of TVFA production were in the order of crotonaldehyde>ethyl sorbate>(E,E)-2,4-hexadienal,and their inhibitory degrees on individual VFA productions were acetic acid(Ac)>n-butyric acid(n-Bu),which could correspond to the variations in the activities of acetate kinase(AK)and butyrate kinase(BK).Furthermore,the combined effect of three toxicants on the activity of TVFA production was significantly higher than that of any individual toxicant,and the contribution of the relative toxicity to CMW was 77.27%.Additionally,the biodegradation products of the main toxicants indicated that the removal of crotonaldehyde and(E,E)-2,4-hexadienal was primarily due to the hydrogenation of alkene and aldehyde and the oxidation of aldehyde.Nevertheless,the removal of ethyl sorbate was primarily based on adsorption.In conclusion,biological acidification has a limited ability to treatment CMW,therefore,a further pretreatment technology should be used to remove the main toxicant of wastewater.

关键词： Crotonaldehyde manufacture wastewater Biological acidification Volatile fatty acids Inhibition Toxic units

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Removal of tetrachlorobisphenol A and the effects on bacterial communities in a hybrid sequencing biofilm batch reactor-constructed wetland system

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2019年第1期13卷 147-157页

作者： Xiaohui Wang Shuai Du Tao Ya zhiqiang shen Jing Dong Xiaobiao Zhu Department of Environ mental Scie nee and Engineering College of Chemical Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029 China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012 China Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection Beijing 100037 China

Tetrachlorobisphenol A (TCBPA) released into the sewage may cause environmental pollution and health risk to human beings. The objective of this study was to investigate the removal ofTCBPA and bacterial community structures in a laboratory-scale hybrid sequencing biofilm batch reactor (SBBR)- constructed wetland (CW) system. The results showed that the removal efficiency of chemical oxidation demand (COD), ammonia, total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the SBBR-CW system was 96.7%, 97.3%, 94.4%, and 8&6% respectively. At the stable operation stage, the system obtained a 71.7%±1.8% of TCBPA removal efficiency with the influent concentration at 200μg/L. Illumina MiSeq sequencing of 16S rRNA gene revealed that the presence of TCBPA not only reduced the bacterial diversity in the SBBR-CW system, but also altered the composition and structure of bacterial community. After the addition of TCBPA, Proteobacteria increased from 31.3% to 38.7%, while Acidobacteria and Parcubacteria decreased greatly in the SBBR. In contrast, Acidobacteria replaced Proteobacteria as the dominant phylum in the upper soils of CW. The results indicated that TCBPA stimulated the growth of GAOs in the SBBR without deteriorating the phosphorus removal due to the presence of sufficient carbon sources. The ammonia oxidizing bacteria, Nitrosomonas, and denitrification bacteria, Hyphomicrobium and Pseudomonas, were inhibited by TCBPA, resulting in a decreasing the removal efficiency of TN and ammonia.

关键词： SBBR Constructed wetland Tetrachlorobisphenol A Microbial community structure

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多氧态垂直流人工湿地系统的构建及其污染物去除特性

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环境工程学报 2024年第4期18卷 1151-1160页

作者：申志强徐嫚嫚王欣张琴白少元桂林理工大学广西环境污染控制理论与技术重点实验室桂林541000 河南工学院材料科学与工程学院新乡市水处理节能减排工程技术研究中心新乡453003 桂林理工大学广西岩溶地区水污染控制与用水安全保障协同创新中心桂林541000

针对传统垂直流人工湿地因缺少厌氧及缺氧环境,反硝化能力较弱的问题,本研究对传统垂直流人工湿地系统进行了结构改造,构建为分内、外两层的多氧态垂直流人工湿地,在不降低其原有硝化能力的同时,通过增加系统的厌氧及缺氧体积,提升其反... 详细信息

针对传统垂直流人工湿地因缺少厌氧及缺氧环境,反硝化能力较弱的问题,本研究对传统垂直流人工湿地系统进行了结构改造,构建为分内、外两层的多氧态垂直流人工湿地,在不降低其原有硝化能力的同时,通过增加系统的厌氧及缺氧体积,提升其反硝化能力。对该湿地系统在不同水饱和比、不同HRT条件下的污染物去除效率、基质中微生物群落结构演变规律以及氮循环功能基因的分布特征等进行的研究表明:当外层水饱和比为1:2,HRT为24 h时,多氧态垂直流湿地系统对NH_(4)^(+)-N和COD的净化效果最好;系统氮循环功能微生物的数量在外层中的分布高于内层,且对系统的硝化和反硝化功能均有促进作用,可提升系统总的氮去除效率。以上研究结果可以为多氧态垂直流人工湿地系统的推广和应用提供参考。

关键词：多氧态垂直流人工湿地水饱和比去除效率功能菌功能基因

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Alignment of Nanoscale Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Strands

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Nano-Micro Letters 2011年第3期3卷 146-152页

作者： Danna Yang Lin Wang Xiaoxian Zhang Dongwei Wang zhiqiang shen Sai Li School of Chemical Engineering Sichuan University Academy of Military Medical sciences Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control & Prevention

Depositing single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWNTs) with controllable density, pattern and orientation on electrodes presents a challenge in today's research. Here, we report a novel solvent evaporation method to align SWNTs in patterns having nanoscale width and micronscale length. SWNTs suspension has been introduced dropwise onto photoresist resin microchannels; and the capillary force can stretch and align SWNTs into strands with nanoscale width in the microchannels. Then these narrow and long aligned SWNTs patterns were successfully transferred to a pair of gold electrodes with different gaps to fabricate carbon nanotube field-effect transistor(CNTFET). Moreover, the electrical performance of the CNTFET show that the SWNTs strands can bridge different gaps and fabricate good electrical performance CNTFET with ON/OFF ratio around 106. This result suggests a promising and simple strategy for assembling well-aligned SWNTs into CNTFET device with good electrical performance.

关键词： Single-walled carbon nanotubes Microchannel Capillary force Carbon nanotube field effect transistor

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Population structure and spatial pattern analysis of Quercus aquifolioides on Sejila Mountain,Tibet,China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2018年第2期29卷 400-409页

作者： zhiqiang shen Jie Lu Min Hua Xiaoqin Tang Xingle Qu Jingli Xue Jiangping Fang Agricultural and Animal Husbandry College Tibet University School of Resource and Environment Science Wuhan University

Understanding population structure provides basic ecological data related to species and ecosystems.Our objective was to understand the mechanisms involved in the maintenance of Quercus aquifolioides populations.Using a 1 ha permanent sample plot data for Q.aquifolioides on Sejila Mountain,Tibet Autonomous Region(Tibet),China,we analyzed the population structure of Q.aquifolioides by combining data for diameter class,static life table and survival curve.Simultaneously,the spatial distribution of Q.aquifolioides was studied using Ripley’s L Function in point pattern analysis.The results showed:(1) Individuals in Q.aquifolioides populations were mainly aggregated in the youngest age classes,that accounted for94.3% of the individuals; the older age classes had much smaller populations.Although the youngest age classes(ClassesⅠ and Ⅱ) had fewer individuals than Class Ⅲ,the total number of individuals in classes Ⅰ and Ⅱ was also greater than in classes Ⅳ to Ⅸ.In terms of tree height,fewsaplings,more medium-sized saplings and few large-sized trees were found.The diameter class structure of Q.aquifolioides populations formed an atypical ‘pyramid’type; the population was expanding,but growth was limited,tending toward a stable population.(2) Mortality of Q.aquifolioides increased continuously with age; life expectancy decreased over time,and the survivorship curve was close to a Deevey I curve.(3) The spatial distribution pattern of Q.aquifolioides varied widely across different developmental stages.Saplings and medium-sized tree showed aggregated distributions at the scales of 0–33 m and 0–29 m,respectively.The aggregation intensities of saplings and medium-sized trees at small scales were significantly stronger than that of large-sized trees.However,large-sized trees showed a random distribution at most scales.(4) No correlation was observed among saplings,medium-and large-sized trees at small scales,while a significant and negative association was observed as the scale increased.Strong competition was found among sapl

关键词： Point pattern analysis Population structure Quercus aquifolioides Sejila Mountain Spatial distribution pattern

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Review of galactic and extragalactic searches for class I methanol masers

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2014年第11期59卷 1066-1077页

作者： Xi Chen Simon P.Ellingsen Conggui Gan Ye Xu zhiqiang shen Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai Astronomical Observatory Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Mathematics and Physics University of TasmaniaHobartTASAustralia National Astronomical Observatories/Yunnan Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences

Class I methanol masers are important tools for investigations of star formation throughout the Universe.Recently, a series of surveys for class I methanol masers at the 95 GHz transition toward samples of young stellar objects have been undertaken. These surveys have resulted in the detection of about 200 new class I methanol masers and combined with previous observations they have increased the number of known class I methanol masers in our Galaxy to *400. From analysis of the relationship between class I methanol maser emission and associated astrophysical objects, it has been shown that the intensity of the class I methanol maser emission is closely correlated with the properties of the 1.1 mm Bolocam Galactic Plane Survey(BGPS) dust continuum sources and outflow properties. This further supports the hypothesis that class Imethanol masers are collisionally pumped and excited in shocked regions. Based on these observations, it can be inferred that the BGPS catalog is likely to provide more reliable samples for targeting further class I methanol maser searches. A new survey for class I methanol masers toward a larger size sample of BGPS sources to test this is currently underway. The prospects for detecting class I methanol megamasers in extragalactic sources is discussed,and observations constituting the first sensitive search have been proposed.

关键词：银河系甲醇脉泽搜索河外星系属性相关微波激射器恒星形成

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基于剪滞理论的纤维应力分布分析

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复合材料科学与工程 2024年第2期 35-39,58页

作者：沈志强王华毕章文燕华辰精密装备(昆山)股份有限公司昆山215300 合肥工业大学机械工程学院合肥230009 苏州大学外国语学院苏州215006

探讨拉压过程中纤维与基体之间的应力,利用弹性力学基本理论,根据Cox剪滞模型,推导轴向力和剪切力理论数学公式。在推导过程中,将径向力考虑在内,同时纤维与基体间的应力传递过程需要通过剪切应力来实现,最终求解轴向力,对轴向力和剪切... 详细信息

探讨拉压过程中纤维与基体之间的应力,利用弹性力学基本理论,根据Cox剪滞模型,推导轴向力和剪切力理论数学公式。在推导过程中,将径向力考虑在内,同时纤维与基体间的应力传递过程需要通过剪切应力来实现,最终求解轴向力,对轴向力和剪切力的分布作图并进行详细分析。最终发现径向力存在的情况下,最大剪应力有所降低,降低幅度达5.25%,最大轴向力有所提升,提升幅度达3.76%。同时,在拉伸过程中发现纤维两端出现了最大剪应力,而最大轴向力出现在纤维中心处。

关键词：应力分布剪滞理论剪滞模型轴向力剪应力复合材料

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Disinfection Effects and Clinical Application of Sodium Dichloroisocyanurate Powder on Bacteria

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Agricultural Biotechnology 2022年第4期11卷 57-60页

作者： Shijin GUO Ling LI Qing LI Jingjing ZHOU Chengxin LYU Lanying GUO zhiqiang shen Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy Binzhou 256600China Shandong Lvdu Ante Veterinary Drug Industry Binzhou 256600China Changyi Animal Husbandry Development Center Weifang 261300China Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University Jinan 250100China

With the continuous increase of large-scale pig farms,the disinfection of pig farm environment plays an extremely important part in the control and prevention of pig farm diseases in high-density breeding environment.As an important breeding place for pig farms,the farrowing house must be performed with scientific and standardized disinfection.In this paper,different disinfection modes were used to disinfect the empty farrowing houses of pig farms,and the total plate count,Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,and fungi were used as detection indicators to comprehensively evaluate the disinfection effect of the air microorganisms and the surface of the objects in the empty house after disinfection,with the aim to provide a basis for the establishment of a scientific pig farm environmental disinfection model.

关键词： Sodium dichloroisocyanurate powder Bacteria Disinfection effect Pig farm Clinical application

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The TMRT K band observations towards 26 infrared dark clouds:NH_3, CCS, and HC_3N

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2021年第7期64卷 126-136页

作者： Jinjin Xie Gary A.Fuller Di Li Longfei Chen Zhiyuan Ren Jingwen Wu Yan Duan Junzhi Wang Juan Li Nicolas Peretto Tie Liu zhiqiang shen National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics Department of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of ManchesterManchesterM139PLUK Intituto de Astrofísica de Andalucia(CSIC) Granada18008Spain I.Physikalisches Institute University of CologneKöln50937Germany NAOC-UKZN Computational Astrophysics Centre University of KwaZulu-NatalDurban4000South Africa Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200030China School of Physics&Astronomy Cardiff UniversityCardiffCF243AAUnited Kingdom

We present one of the first Shanghai Tian Ma Radio Telescope (TMRT) K Band observations towards a sample of 26 infrared dark clouds (IRDCs).We observed the (1,1),(2,2),(3,3),and (4,4) transitions of NH_(3) together with CCS (2_(1)–>1_(0)) and HC_(3)NJ=2-1,simultaneously.The survey dramatically increases the existing CCS-detected IRDC sample from 8 to 23,enabling a better statistical study of the ratios of carbon-chain molecules (CCM) to N-bearing molecules in IRDCs.With the newly developed hyperfine group ratio (HFGR) method of fitting NH_(3) inversion lines,we found the gas temperature to be between 10 and18 K.The column density ratios of CCS to NH_(3) for most of the IRDCs are less than 10^(-2),distinguishing IRDCs from low-mass star-forming regions.We carried out chemical evolution simulations based on a three-phase chemical model NAUTILUS.Our measurements of the column density ratios between CCM and NH_(3) are consistent with chemical evolutionary ages of 10^(5) yr in the models.Comparisons of the data and chemical models suggest that CCS,HC_(3)N,and NH_(3) are sensitive to the chemical evolutionary stages of the sources.

关键词： star formation infrared dark clouds chemical evolution

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