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A quantitative comparison and analysis on the assessment indicators of greenhouse gases emission

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2008年第4期18卷 387-399页

作者： ZHANG zhiqiang qu Jiansheng ZENG Jingjing Scientific Information Center for Resources and Environment Lanzhou Branch Library of National Science Library CAS Lanzhou 730000 China MOE Key Laboratory of Western Environmental Systems Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China

Anthropogenic greenhouse gases （GHG） emission and related global warming issues have been the focus of international communities for some time. The international communities have reached a consensus to reduce anthropogenic GHG emissions and restrain global warming. The quantitative assessment of anthropogenic GHG emissions is the scientific basis to find out the status of global GHG emission, identify the commitments of each country, and arrange the international efforts of GHG emission reduction. Currently the main assessment indicators for GHG emission include national indicator, per capita indicator, per GDP indicator, and international trade indicator etc. The introduction to the above indi- cators is put forward and their merits and demerits are analyzed. Based on the GHG emission data from the World Resource Institute （WRI）, the US Energy Information Administration （EIA）, and the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center （CDIAC）, the results of each indictor are calculated for the world, for the eight G8 industrialized countries （USA, UK, Canada, Japan, Germany, France, Italy and Russia）, and the five major developing countries including China, Brazil, India, South Africa and Mexico. The paper points out that all these indicators have some limitations. The Indicator of Industrialized Accumulative Emission per Capita （IAEC） is put forward as the equitable indicator to evaluate the industrialized historical accumulative emission per capita of every country. IAEC indicator can reflect the economic achievement of GHG emission enjoyed by the current generations in every country and their commitments. The analysis of IAEC indicates that the historical accumulative emission per capita in indus- trialized countries such as UK and USA were typically higher than those of the world average and the developing countries. Emission indicator per capita per GDP, consumptive emission indicator and survival emission indicator are also put forward and discussed in the paper.

关键词： global warming greenhouse gases （GHG） emission assessment indicator Industrialized Accumulative Emission per Capita （IAEC） emission indicator per capita per GDP

Expression of Anol,a newly-found calcium-activated chloride channel,in rat hearts

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Expression of Anol,a newly-found calcium-activated chloride ...

Stratified-structural hydrogel incorporated with magnesium-ion-modified black phosphorus nanosheets for promoting neuro-vascularized bone regeneration

2012国际生理学学术大会

作者： Bingxiang Wang Zhiqiang Qu Department of Physiology University of Qingdao Medical College

＜正＞The calcium-activated chloride channels（CaCCs） are critical for many physiolo-gical functions. In cardiac tissues,CaCCs play important roles in the regulation of cardiac excitability.Although Anol（or TMEMI6A） has been identified as CaCCs in many tissues,the molecular identity of CaCCs in heart remains unknown.In this study,we examined the expression of Anol in rat heart by methods of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction（RT-PCR） and Western blotting.RT-PCR shows the existence of Anol mRNA in heart tissue;while Ano I protein expression were further confirmed by Western blotting,using HEK293 cells transfected with Anol cDNA as a positive control.The expression of heart Anol protein is higher in neonatal rats than that in adults.Furthermore,we noticed that phosphate-dylinositol 3-kinase（PI3K） inhibitor（LY294002） could up-regulate Anol expression in primarily cultured neonatal rats cardiomyocytes.Whole-cell patch-clamp studies showed that primarily cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes expressed CaCC currents.Conclusion:Our results strongly suggest that Anol protein exists in rat cardiomyocytes,and Anol expression may be regulated by PI3K pathway.

关键词： Anol CaCC cardiomyocytes PI3K

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Bioactive Materials 2022年第10期7卷 271-284页

作者： Yan Xu Chao Xu Lei He Junjie Zhou Tianwu Chen Liu Ouyang Xiaodong Guo Yanzhen qu zhiqiang Luo Deyu Duan Department of Orthopaedics Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China College of Life Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyChina Wuhan430022China Department of Pathology Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China Fudan University Sports Medicine Institute Shanghai200040China

Angiogenesis and neurogenesis play irreplaceable roles in bone repair.Although biomaterial implantation that mimics native skeletal tissue is extensively studied,the nerve-vascular network reconstruction is neglected in the design of biomaterials.Our goal here is to establish a periosteum-simulating bilayer hydrogel and explore the efficiency of bone repair via enhancement of angiogenesis and neurogenesis.In this contribution,we designed a bilayer hydrogel platform incorporated with magnesium-ion-modified black phosphorus(BP)nanosheets for promoting neuro-vascularized bone regeneration.Specifically,we incorporated magnesium-ion-modified black phosphorus(BP@Mg)nanosheets into gelatin methacryloyl(GelMA)hydrogel to prepare the upper hydrogel,whereas the bottom hydrogel was designed as a double-network hydrogel system,consisting of two interpenetrating polymer networks composed of GelMA,PEGDA,andβ-TCP nanocrystals.The magnesium ion modification process was developed to enhance BP nanosheet stability and provide a sustained release platform for bioactive ions.Our results demonstrated that the upper layer of hydrogel provided a bionic periosteal structure,which significantly facilitated angiogenesis via induction of endothelial cell migration and presented multiple advantages for the upregulation of nerve-related protein expression in neural stem cells(NSCs).Moreover,the bottom layer of the hydrogel significantly promoted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)activity and osteogenic differentiation.We next employed the bilayer hydrogel structure to correct rat skull defects.Based on our radiological and histological examinations,the bilayer hydrogel scaffolds markedly enhanced early vascularization and neurogenesis,which prompted eventual bone regeneration and remodeling.Our current strategy paves way for designing nerve-vascular network biomaterials for bone regeneration.

关键词： Angiogenesis Neurogenesis Bone regeneration Hydrogel Black phosphorus

Effect of electrode Pt-loading and cathode flow-field plate type on the degradation of PEMFC

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2019年第8期28卷 95-103,I0005页

作者： Lijuan qu zhiqiang Wang Xiaoqian Guo Wei Song Feng Xie Liang He Zhigang Shao Baolian Yi Fuel Cell System and Engineering Group Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023 Liaoning China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

The electrode Pt-loading has an effect on the number of active sites and the thickness of catalyst layer,which has huge influence on the mass transfer and water management during dynamic process in PEMFCs. In this study, membrane electrode assemblies with different Pt-loadings were prepared, and PEMFCs were assembled using those membrane electrode assemblies with traditional solid plate and water transport plate as cathode flow-field plates, respectively. The performance and electrochemical surface area of cells were characterized to evaluate the membrane electrode assemblies degradation after rapid currentvariation cycles. Scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope were used to investigate the decay of catalyst layers and Pt/C catalyst. With the increase of Pt-loading, the performance degradation of membrane electrode assemblies will be mitigated. But higher Pt-loading means thicker catalyst layer, which leads to a longer pathway of mass transfer, and it may result in carbon material corrosion in membrane electrode assemblies. The decay of Pt/C catalyst in cathode is mainly caused by the corrosion of carbon support, and the degradation of anode Pt/C catalyst is a consequence of migration and aggregation of Pt particles. And using water transport plate is beneficial to alleviating the age of cathode Pt/C catalyst.

关键词： Proton exchange membrane fuel cell Electrode platinum loading Current-variation cycle Traditional solid plate Water transport plate

Attitudes Decoupling Control and Disturbance Compensation of the Hypersonic Vehicle

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Attitudes Decoupling Control and Disturbance Compensation of...

Population structure and spatial pattern analysis of quercus aquifolioides on Sejila Mountain,Tibet,China

第26届中国控制与决策会议

作者： Yan zhiqiang Mu Jianhua qu Jishuang Xia Weiwei Second Artillery Equipment Academe

ISBN: (纸本)9781479937066

For the nonlinear coupling control problem induced by the maneuver flying with high angle of attack of the hypersonic vehicle, the dynamic inversion is used to realize the decoupling of the attack angle and bank angle dynamics. For the model uncertainty, parameter perturbation and outer disturbance, the estimation and compensation of the disturbance moments is carried out by the extended state observer. The second order dynamics is developed for the controller outer loop to achieve the expected transitions with dynamic performance constraints. The simulation shows the feasibility of the method, which can maintain the command tracing quality of the attitude control system with deviation and disturbance.

关键词： Hypersonic Vehicle Dynamic Inversion Extended State Observer Decoupling Control

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Journal of Forestry Research 2018年第2期29卷 400-409页

作者： zhiqiang Shen Jie Lu Min Hua Xiaoqin Tang Xingle qu Jingli Xue Jiangping Fang Agricultural and Animal Husbandry College Tibet University School of Resource and Environment Science Wuhan University

Understanding population structure provides basic ecological data related to species and ecosystems.Our objective was to understand the mechanisms involved in the maintenance of quercus aquifolioides populations.Using a 1 ha permanent sample plot data for Q.aquifolioides on Sejila Mountain,Tibet Autonomous Region(Tibet),China,we analyzed the population structure of Q.aquifolioides by combining data for diameter class,static life table and survival curve.Simultaneously,the spatial distribution of Q.aquifolioides was studied using Ripley’s L Function in point pattern analysis.The results showed:(1) Individuals in Q.aquifolioides populations were mainly aggregated in the youngest age classes,that accounted for94.3% of the individuals; the older age classes had much smaller populations.Although the youngest age classes(ClassesⅠ and Ⅱ) had fewer individuals than Class Ⅲ,the total number of individuals in classes Ⅰ and Ⅱ was also greater than in classes Ⅳ to Ⅸ.In terms of tree height,fewsaplings,more medium-sized saplings and few large-sized trees were found.The diameter class structure of Q.aquifolioides populations formed an atypical ‘pyramid’type; the population was expanding,but growth was limited,tending toward a stable population.(2) Mortality of Q.aquifolioides increased continuously with age; life expectancy decreased over time,and the survivorship curve was close to a Deevey I curve.(3) The spatial distribution pattern of Q.aquifolioides varied widely across different developmental stages.Saplings and medium-sized tree showed aggregated distributions at the scales of 0–33 m and 0–29 m,respectively.The aggregation intensities of saplings and medium-sized trees at small scales were significantly stronger than that of large-sized trees.However,large-sized trees showed a random distribution at most scales.(4) No correlation was observed among saplings,medium-and large-sized trees at small scales,while a significant and negative association was observed as the scale increased.Strong competition was found among sapl

关键词： Point pattern analysis Population structure quercus aquifolioides Sejila Mountain Spatial distribution pattern

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越南公共卫生教育情况分析

医学与社会 2023年第11期36卷 126-132页

作者：瞿志强侯志远复旦大学公共卫生学院上海200032 复旦大学全球健康研究所上海200032

全球突发公共卫生事件对公共卫生人才有了新的需求,公共卫生教育得到空前重视。我国启动高水平公共卫生学院建设,提出要推进公共卫生教育科研领域的全球交流合作。作为“一带一路”沿线重要国家和我国邻国,越南开设了公共卫生和预防医... 详细信息

全球突发公共卫生事件对公共卫生人才有了新的需求,公共卫生教育得到空前重视。我国启动高水平公共卫生学院建设,提出要推进公共卫生教育科研领域的全球交流合作。作为“一带一路”沿线重要国家和我国邻国,越南开设了公共卫生和预防医学本科专业,开展了学术研究生教育、专业培养和住院医师培训等,形成了多层次的公共卫生教育体系。然而,越南仍存在公共卫生教育资源不足且分布不均、人才培养规模和质量欠佳、有效教育质量评估与认证缺乏等问题。越南亟需完善公共卫生教育体系,扩大公共卫生教育规模,均衡教育资源,提高培养质量,加速推进公共卫生专业认证。为推动“一带一路”倡议,我国可以从其需求出发,支持学生交流培养与教师进修、促进教学共享、科研合作等方面推动中越公共卫生教育合作。

关键词：医学教育公共卫生一带一路越南

Differences of hormones involved in adipose metabolism and lactation between high and low producing Holstein cows during heat stress

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Animal Nutrition 2015年第4期1卷 339-343页

作者： Mingzi qu Shengjuan Wei zhiqiang Chen Guangmeng Wang Yue Zheng Peishi Yan College of Animal Science and Technology Nanjing Agricultural University

The experiment was conducted to evaluate hormonal involvement in the adipose metabolism and lactation between high and low producing dairy cows in a hot environment. Forty Holstein healthy cows with a similar parity were used and assigned into high producing group(average production41.44 ± 2.25 kg/d) and low producing group(average production 29.92 ± 1.02 kg/d) with 20 cows in each group. Blood samples were collected from caudal vein to determine the difference of hormones related to adipose metabolism and lactation. The highest, lowest, and average temperature humidity index(THI),recorded as 84.02, 79.35 and 81.89, respectively, indicated that cows were at the state of high heat stress.No significant differences between high and low producing groups were observed in the levels of nonestesterified fatty acid(NEFA), β-hydroxy butyrate(β-OHB), total cholesterol(TCHO), and insulin(INS)(P > 0.05). However, the very low density lipoprotein(VLDL), apolipoprotein B100(apoB-100), highdensity lipoprotein(HDL-C) and estrogen(E2) concentrations in high producing group were significantly higher than those of low producing group(P 0.05),whereas high producing group had a rise in the insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1) level compared with low producing group(P < 0.05). These results indicated that, during summer, high and low producing dairy cows have similar levels of lipid catabolism, but high producing dairy cows have advantages in outputting hepatic triglyceride(TG).

关键词： Heat stress High producing cows Low producing cows Lipid metabolism Lactation hormones

Genetic Diversity,Population Structure,and Genome-Wide Association Study of Seven Agronomic Traits in 273 Diverse Upload Cotton Accessions

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第12期92卷 3345-3357页

作者： Yajun Liang Juyun Zheng Junduo Wang Zhaolong Gong zhiqiang Li Ling Min Zeliang Zhang Zhiwei Sang Yanying qu Xueyuan Li quanjia Chen Cash Crops Research Institute of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Science(XAAS) UrumqiChina Engineering Research Centre of Cotton of Ministry of Education Xinjiang Agricultural UniversityUrumqiChina R&D Department Adsen Biotechnology CorporationUrumqiChina National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina

Upland cotton(Gossypium hirsutum)is the most important plant producing natural fibers for the textile industry.In this study,we first investigated the phenotypic variation of seven agronomic traits of 273 diverse cotton accessions in the years 2017 and 2018,which were from 18 geographical regions.We found large variations among the traits in different geographical regions and only half of the traits in either years 2017 or 2018 followed a normal distribution.We then genotyped the collection with 81,612 high quality SNPs.Phylogenetic tree and population structure revealed a diverse genetic structure of the core collection,and geographical diversification was an important factor,but account for part of the variances of genetic diversification.We then performed genome-wide association study for the seven traits in the years 2017 and 2018,and the average values of each trait in the two years,respectively.We identified a total of 19 significant marker-trait associations and found that Pollen Ole e 1 allergen/extension could be the candidate gene associated with the fall-off cotton bolls from the last three branches.In addition,large variations were observed for the heritability of traits in the years 2017 and 2018.These results provide new potential candidate genes for further functional validation,which could be useful for genetic improvement and breeding of new cotton cultivars with better agronomic performances.

关键词： Upland cotton agronomic trait genetic diversity population structure genome-wide association study