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Chinese Geographical Science 2007年第1期17卷 56-63页

作者： feng zhiming LIU Dengwei ZHANG Yuehong Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Due to the over use of available water resources, it has become very important to define appropriate strategies for planning and management of irrigated farmland. In this paper, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (Jing-Jin-Ji) region was chosen as the case study area for its special political and economic status and its severe water problem. To achieve effective planning, the information about crop water requirements, irrigation withdrawals, soil types and climatic conditions were obtained in the study area. In the meantime, a GIS method was adopted, which extends the capabilities of the crop models to a regional level. The main objectives of the study are: 1) to estimate the spatial distribution of the evapotranspiration of spring maize; 2) to estimate climatic water deficit; 3) to estimate the yield reduction of spring maize under different rainfed and irrigated conditions. Based on the water deficit analysis, recommended supplemental irrigation schedule was developed using CropWat model. Compared to the rainfed control, the two or three times of supplemental water irrigated to spring maize at the right time reduced the loss of yield, under different scenarios.

关键词： spring maize climatic water deficit irrigation schedule

Acquisition probability differences in cloud coverage of the available Landsat observations over mainland Southeast Asia from 1986 to 2015

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2018年第5期11卷 437-450页

作者： Peng Li zhiming feng Chiwei Xiao Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingPeople’s Republic of China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingPeople’s Republic of China

Landsat data are the longest available records that consistently document global ***,the extent and degree of cloud coverage typically determine its usability,especially in the *** this study,scene-based metadata from the *** Survey Landsat inventories,ten-day,monthly,seasonal,and annual acquisition probabilities(AP)of targeted images at various cloud coverage thresholds(10%to 100%)were statistically analyzed using available Landsat TM,ETM+,and OLI observations over mainland Southeast Asia(MSEA)from 1986 to *** significant results were ***,the cumulative average acquisition probability of available Landsat observations over MSEA at the 30%cloud cover(CC)threshold was approximately 41.05%.Second,monthly and ten-day level probability statistics for the 30%CC threshold coincide with the temporal distribution of the dry and rainy *** demonstrates that Landsat images acquired during the dry season satisfy the requirements needed for land cover ***,differences in acquisition probabilities at the 30%CC threshold are different between the western and eastern regions of ***,the ability of TM,ETM+,and OLI to acquire high-quality imagery has gradually enhanced over time,especially during the dry season,along with consequently larger probabilities at lower CC thresholds.

关键词： Landsat cloud coverage(CC) acquisition probability(AP) mainland Southeast Asia land cover and land use changes

Assessment of the socioeconomic development levels of six economic corridors in the Belt and Road region

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2022年第11期32卷 2189-2204页

作者： YOU Zhen SHI Hui feng zhiming XIAO Chiwei Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CASBeijing 100101China Department of Geography University of California Santa BarbaraCalifornia 93106USA Key Laboratory of Carrying Capacity Assessment for Resource and Environment Ministry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 101149China

Recent years have witnessed rapid and widespread economic growth in regions involved in China’s Belt and Road Initiative(BRI),mainly due to the construction of six economic *** paper aims to quantify the levels of six economic corridors according to the socioeconomic development levels in the BRI ***,a gridded socioeconomic development index was first created,and a dividing line was drawn to reveal the distribution characteristics of socioeconomic development in the BRI regions.A classification method was then applied to identify local development ***,we created an economic corridor development index(ECDI)to evaluate the progress of six economic *** results reveal spatial heterogeneity within the socioeconomic groups of BRI regions,which can be roughly divided into offshore(or Part A,50.54%)and inland(or Part B,49.46%)*** both parts comprise roughly the same area,over 95%of the population is located in offshore *** China–Mongolia–Russia Economic Corridor has the highest development index due to a stable political environment and long-running *** China–Pakistan Economic Corridor suffers from the lowest ECDI but with strong development *** methods can provide critical reference and practice for the future evaluation of the level of regional *** results of this study can offer policymakers some insight into reducing socioeconomic inequality in the BRI regions.

关键词： socioeconomic development levels gridded socioeconomic development index socioeconomic dividing line six economic corridors Belt and Road region

Spatio-temporal Pattern of Ecosystem Pressure in Countries Along the Belt and Road: Combining Remote Sensing Data and Statistical Data

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Chinese Geographical Science 2022年第5期32卷 745-758页

作者： DU Wenpeng YAN Huimin feng zhiming ZHANG Chao YANG Yanzhao Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Building a Green Silk Road by integrating the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs) is one of the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI) visions, but the BRI faces enormous challenge that is the conflict between economic development and ecological *** the current scale and trend of the impact of human activities on the ecosystem is the preliminary work to ensure that human activities do not exceed the ecological carrying capacity under the BRI. This study evaluated the ecosystem pressure in countries along the Belt and Road(B&R) from 2000–2017 based on the supply-consumption balance relationship of ecological resources. Net primary productivity(NPP) is taken as the measure of ecological resources, and the supply level and consumption intensity of ecological resources is estimated based on remote sensing data and statistical data, respectively. Results show that thirteen countries with overconsumed ecological resources concentrated in the West Asia/Middle East. Although the intensity of the ecological resource consumption correlated with ecological resource endowments, the ecosystem pressure was determined by social development dependence on the ecological resources at the same ecological resource endowments level. Nearly 80% of countries along the B&R suffered from significantly increased(P < 0.05) ecosystem pressure during 2000–2017, since most of the countries along the B&R were developing countries,and their economic development was highly dependent on ecological resources. Some West Asia/Middle East countries successfully mitigated the ecosystem pressure by importing feed for livestock. Likewise, the Southeast Asian islands benefitted from the import of agricultural products. The results highlight that the BRI should reduce the dependence of social development demands on local ecological resources by international trade for ensuring the increasing ecosystem pressure trend within the ecological carrying capacity.

关键词： Green Silk Road ecosystem pressure net primary productivity(NPP) ecological carrying capacity remote sensing

Study on the Balance of Agricultural Water and Land Resources on Ningxia Plain

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2006年第2期4卷 33-40页

作者： Zhang Jing feng zhiming Yang Yanzhao Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CAS Beijing 100101 China Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China Dezhou Universty Shandong 253023 China

The article puts forward the process and means of regional water and land balance research, and then from two scenarios which are the balances under natural regulation and human intervention, calculated and analysed the balance between water and land on Ningxia Plain. For the balance under natural regulation named farmland water balance, using farmland water resource balance equation, the research estimated the monthly farmland water balance of 8 major crops for all of the 12 counties on Ningxia Plain in the period of 1960-2001; for the balance under human intervention, the research estimated land-use water balance equation of the counties in 2000, and calculated the balance between land use and water resources including irrigating water of all the 12 counties on Ningxia Plain. Results showed that①precipitation can not meet the water demand of the crops for growth and development on Ningxia Plain, and water shortage is the primary character of farmland water balance under natural regulation,②the diversity of water and land balance of different counties is distinctly influenced by the crop structure, water quantity for irrigation and irrigation level.③Irrigation water could meet the crop water demand on Ningxia Plain in 2000, but there was not much space to expand irrigating cultivated land.

关键词： farmland water balance water and land balance sustainable development Ningxia Plain.

Mapping rice cropping systems using Landsat-derived Renormalized Index of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index （RNDVI） in the Poyang Lake Region, China

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2016年第2期10卷 303-314页

作者： Peng LI Luguang JIANG zhiming feng Sage SHELDON Xiangming XIAO Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research Ministry of Education Jiangxi Normal University Nanchang 330022 China Department of Botany and Microbiology Center for Spatial Analysis University of Oklahoma Norman OK 73019 USA

Mapping rice cropping systems with optical imagery in multiple cropping regions is challenging due to cloud contamination and data availability; development of a phenology-based algorithm with a reduced data demand is essential. In this study, the Landsat-derived Renorma- lized Index of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index （RNDVI） was proposed based on two temporal windows in which the NDVI values of single and early （or late） rice display inverse changes, and then applied to discriminate rice cropping systems. The Poyang Lake Region （PLR）, characterized by a typical cropping system of single cropping rice （SCR, or single rice） and double cropping rice （DCR, including early rice and late rice）, was selected as a testing area. The results showed that NDVI data derived from Landsat time-series at eight to sixteen days captures the temporal development of paddy rice. There are two key phenological stages during the overlapping growth period in which the NDVI values of SCR and DCR change inversely, namely the ripening phase of early rice and the growing phase of single rice as well as the ripening stage of single rice and the growing stage of late rice. NDVI derived from scenes in two temporal windows, specifically early August and early October, was used to construct the RNDVI for discriminating rice cropping systems in the polder area of the PLR, China. Comparison with ground truth data indicates high classification accuracy. The RNDVI approach highlights the inverse variations of NDVI values due to the difference of rice growth between two temporal windows. This makes the discrimination of rice cropping systems straightforward as it only needs to distinguish whether the candidate rice typeis in the period of growth （RNDVI 〈 0） or senescence （RNDVI 〉 0）.

关键词： Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI) Renormalized Index of NDVI (RNDVI) ricecropping systems phenology temporal windows PoyangLake Region (PLR)

Climate Suitability Assessment of Human Settlements for Regions along the Belt and Road

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Chinese Geographical Science 2021年第6期31卷 996-1010页

作者： LIN Yumei LI Peng feng zhiming YANG Yanzhao YOU Zhen ZHU Fuxin Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China National Tibetan Plateau Data Center Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environmental Changes and Land Surface ProcessesInstitute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China

Climate is one important environmental variable that affects human *** the regions along the Belt and Road(B&R)encompass vast territories and large populations,it is significant to assess climate suitability for human settlements,which will influence the migration of various surrounding *** selected seven regions including 65 countries along the B&R for the research area and adopted the temperature-humidity index(THI),to assess the climate *** analyzed the spatial characteristics of THI and the correlation between population distribution and THI,the results of which enabled us to adjust the THI classification *** finally assessed the climate suitability of each *** results reveal that outside the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,the THI values generally tend to decrease from west to east as longitude increases and downward with increasing *** population distribution is significantly correlated with the *** with relative suitable climate,including high suitability areas(HASs),moderately suitable areas(MSAs)and low suitability areas(LSAs),account for 50.62%of the total area and encompass in excess of 90%of total *** areas are widely distributed in the southern regions of 45°N latitude,again with the exception of the Qinghai-Tibet *** suitable area includes 19.48%of the entire area and 8.98%of total *** non-suitable area accounts for less than 30%of total area,concentrated in the cold high-latitude and high-altitude areas.

关键词： climate suitability temperature-humidity index human settlements spatial distribution the Belt and Road

Comparative analysis of heavy rainfall area between landfalling typhoon LUPIT (2109) and typhoon LISA (9610)

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2024年第3期13卷 175-186页

作者： zhiming feng Chenfei Liao Jinyu Zeng Fujian Key Laboratory of Severe Weather and Key Laboratory of Straits Severe WeatherChina Meteorological AdministrationFuzhouChina Fujian Meteorological Observatory FuzhouChina

Based on the ERA5 reanalysis data and the surface observations from automatic weather stations, a comparative analysis has been conducted toinvestigate the differences in heavy rainfall distributions caused by two landfalling tropical cyclones (TCs): LUPIT (2109) and LISA (9610). Thetwo TCs have similar tracks, intensity and landing points, but show different asymmetric features in their rainstorm location relative to their *** results indicate that the TC rainfall differences are mainly caused by different rainstorm formation mechanisms. The wind shear contributesmost to the rainstorm of LISA, while land-sea contrast and topographical effect are the main factors of LUPIT rainstorm. Under the influence ofstrong environmental vertical wind shear and the weak cold air invasion from the west, the circulation center of LISA tilts westward with height,which cooperates with the low-level water vapor convergence and vertical ascending movement on the western side of the TC center to jointlycause the heavy rainstorm to the west of LISA center. In contrast, LUPIT has weak environmental vertical wind shear and no obvious structuretilting with height. Topographic effect plays a crucial role in causing the heavy rainstorm on the north of TC center. The southeasterly jet isblocked by the Taimu Mountain in the northeastern Fujian Province, and the strong ascending motion caused by the terrain-induced convergenceappears to the north of LUPIT center. In addition, the moisture convergence is more pronounced in the north and weaker in the south. Theintrusion of weak cold air from the east to the coastal areas of central-northern Fujian, and the moisture-convergence distribution, jointly cause theheavy rainstorm to the north of LUPIT.

关键词： Similar track Tropical cyclone structure Vertical wind shear Cold air Topographic effect

China's Land Carrying Capacity Based on Man-grain Relationships

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2009年第4期7卷 51-58页

作者： feng zhiming Zhang Weike Yang Yanzhao Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research CAS Beijing 100101 China

With population growth and increasing pressure on land resources,land carrying capacity(LCC) and food safety have been attracting great attention *** the point of man-grain relationship and by establishing LCC and land carrying capacity index(LCCI) models,this article firstly analyzes the spatial-temporal dynamics of LCC of China from 1949 to 2005 at county,provincial and national *** 2005 as a representative year,this article then evaluates the LCC of 264 pastoral regions(semipastoral regions),663 urban regions and 592 poverty stricken regions of the *** results show that:(1) from 1949 to 2005,with the increase of grain production,the LCC of China has been improved conspicuously,but due to the rapid population growth,the production can only maintain a low level grain consumption;(2) over the past 25 years(1980-2005),the number of population overloading provinces decreased from 23 to 15 and the mangrain relationship has been improved gradually,but there were more overloading provinces than surplus provinces in China;(3) at county level,there were 1572 overloading counties in 1980 accounting for 68.26% of the total counties of the country and where were 649 million people lived,while in 1990,2000 and 2005,the number of overloading counties were 1066,1133 and 1087 respectively,which shows that the man-grain relationship has been improved obviously during the past 25 years;as for spatial distribution,the surplus counties were mainly concentrated in agriculture developed regions,such as Northeast Plain,North China Plain,middle and lower Reaches of the Yangtze River Plain,and overloading counties were mainly located in regions with poor natural environment and low grain production capacity,such as Northwest China,Tibetan Plateau and Loess Plateau and economically developed urban regions,such as Beijing,Tianjin and Shanghai;(4) animal husbandry improved greatly the LCC of pastoral and semi-pastoral regions,while urban regions were overloadin

关键词： population grain land carrying capacity land carrying capacity index China

Evaluation of Material-based Development of China Using GIS Methods

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2010年第3期8卷 17-24页

作者： Liu Dong feng zhiming Yang Yanzhao Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CAS Beijing 100101 China Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Regional development is a course of accumulation based on many factors, which is directly related to resources utilization and conversion. And material wealth production and accumulation embody the outcome of regional development. Thus, focusing on material wealth, regional development can be evaluated from resources and perspective of resources conversion. Taking the infrastructural level, transportation accessibility and economic development level into full account, the concept of "material-based development" was presented and the material-based development index (MDI) model was established. By using the MDI model, geographic information system technology and mathematic methods, this article then calculated MDI of each county and province of China in 2005 and systematically evaluated the material-based development of China at county and provincial scales, so as to bring some scientific references and policy-making supports to the population development function oriented zoning and population spatial distribution planning of China. The result showed that: (1) At county scale, the material-based development of counties within China in 2005 was significantly different, in which there were 1876 counties belonging to the mid-level material-based development and accounted for 78.10% of the total. The numbers of high-level and low-level counties were 144 and 382 and accounted for 6.00% and 15.90% respectively, demonstrating a spindle shape in general. The spatial distribution of material-based development was unbalanced, and it was much better in southeastern part of the line of "Daxinganling–Yinshan-Liupanshan–southeast edge of Qinghai–Tibet Plateau" than that of northwestern. Furthermore, there were also differences of the sub-index between different material-based development levels. Therefore, for different regions, key issues and measures adaptable to local condition should be prioritized and taken in order to realize regional balance development. (2) At provincial

关键词： material-based development material-based development index resources population GIS China