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Equilibrium Climate Response of the East Asian Summer Monsoon to Forcing of Anthropogenic Aerosol Species

Journal of Meteorological Research 2017年第6期31卷 1018-1033页

作者： zhili wang Qiuyan wang Hua ZHANG State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather/Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of China Meteorological Administration Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044 Laboratory for Climate Studies National Climate CenterChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081

We used an online aerosol-climate model to study the equilibrium climate response of the East Asian summer monsoon （EASM） to increases in anthropogenic emissions of sulfate, organic carbon, and black carbon aerosols from 1850 to 2000. Our results show that each of these aerosol species has a different effect on the EASM as a result of changes in the local sea-land thermal contrast and atmospheric circulation. The increased emission of sulfate aerosol leads to a decrease in the thermal contrast between the land and ocean, a southward shift of the East Asian subtropical jet, and significant northerly wind anomalies at 850 hPa over eastern China and the ambient oceans, markedly dampening the EASM. An increase in organic carbon aerosol results in pronounced surface cooling and the forma- tion of an anomalous anticyclone over the oceans north of 30°N. These effects cause a slight increase in the sea-land thermal contrast and southerly flow anomalies to the west of the anticyclonic center, strengthening the northern EASM. An increase in organic carbon emission decreases the sea-land thermal contrast over southern China, which weakens the southern EASM. The response of the summer 850-hPa winds and rainfall over the East Asian monsoon region to an increase in black carbon emission is generally consistent with the response to an increase in organic carbon. The increase in black carbon emission leads to a strengthening of the northern EASM north of 35°N and a slight weakening of the southern EASM south of 35°N. The simulated response of the EASM to the increase in black carbon emission is unchanged when the emission of black carbon is scaled up by five times its year 2000 levels, although the intensities of the response is enhanced. The increase in sulfate emission primarily weakens the EASM, whereas the increases in black carbon and organic carbon emissions mitigate weakening of the northern EASM.

关键词： East Asian summer monsoon sulfate black carbon organic carbon equilibrium climate response

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PI3K/AKT信号通路与乳腺病变弹性特征的相关性

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中国医学影像学杂志 2024年第3期32卷 257-262页

作者：姜莹王博李诗雨牛瑞兰李俊康王知力南开大学医学院天津300071 解放军总医院第一医学中心超声诊断科北京100853

目的探讨磷脂酰肌醇-3-激酶/丝苏氨酸蛋白激酶(PI3K/AKT)信号通路与乳腺病变弹性特征的相关性。资料与方法前瞻性分析2021年5月—2022年5月于解放军总医院接受手术的114例患者共115个乳腺病变,术前行超声和剪切波弹性成像检查。采用免... 详细信息

目的探讨磷脂酰肌醇-3-激酶/丝苏氨酸蛋白激酶(PI3K/AKT)信号通路与乳腺病变弹性特征的相关性。资料与方法前瞻性分析2021年5月—2022年5月于解放军总医院接受手术的114例患者共115个乳腺病变,术前行超声和剪切波弹性成像检查。采用免疫组化染色检测组织标本中PI3K/AKT蛋白水平的表达,分析染色结果与剪切波弹性成像最大弹性模量值、平均弹性模量值、最小弹性模量值、病变与周围组织弹性比值的相关性。结果115个乳腺病变中,手术病理显示乳腺良性病变50个,恶性病变65个(25个伴腋窝淋巴结转移)。良性病变与恶性病变不伴腋窝淋巴结转移、恶性病变伴腋窝淋巴结转移的最大弹性模量值(F=40.47)、平均弹性模量值(F=45.11)、病变与周围组织弹性比值(F=48.98)、“硬环征”检出率(χ^(2)=62.25)、PI3K/p-PI3K表达水平(F=15.19、58.95)及AKT/p-AKT表达水平(F=46.94、74.21)比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。PI3K/pPI3K及AKT/p-AKT表达水平与最大弹性模量值、平均弹性模量值、病变与周围组织弹性比值均呈正相关(r=0.475、0.475、0.451;r=0.533、0.540、0.542;r=0.371、0.402、0.445;r=0.482、0.455、0.545,P均<0.05)。结论乳腺病变的PI3K/AKT表达水平与弹性特征具有相关性,提示其在乳腺病变弹性特征调控中发挥重要作用。

关键词：乳腺肿瘤超声检查弹性显像技术淋巴转移信号传导病理学外科

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广西-东盟多源遥感数据的森林高度反演及应用

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测绘通报 2024年第1期 32-37,64页

作者：谢开翼陈瑞波王志莉王群包俊帆朱宁宁兰州交通大学测绘与地理信息学院甘肃兰州730070 地理国情监测技术应用国家地方联合工程研究中心甘肃兰州730070 甘肃省地理国情监测工程实验室甘肃兰州730070 广西壮族自治区自然资源遥感院广西南宁530201 襄阳市测绘研究院湖北襄阳441003 武汉大学测绘遥感信息工程国家重点实验室湖北武汉430079

森林生态系统在调节生态气候与碳循环方面发挥着重要作用,森林高度是衡量森林生态系统功能的重要参数。利用单一遥感数据获取森林冠层高度会受到多种制约。因此,本文使用星载激光雷达ICESat-2提供的高质量离散森林冠层高度点,结合Sentin... 详细信息

森林生态系统在调节生态气候与碳循环方面发挥着重要作用,森林高度是衡量森林生态系统功能的重要参数。利用单一遥感数据获取森林冠层高度会受到多种制约。因此,本文使用星载激光雷达ICESat-2提供的高质量离散森林冠层高度点,结合Sentinel-1、Landsat 8及地形数据,采用随机森林方法建立不同影像特征组合森林冠层高度的回归模型,并分析各特征对森林高度反演的影响,最后将模型应用于广西森林冠层高度制图。试验结果表明,多源遥感数据可有效提高森林冠层高度反演精度,在所利用遥感数据中,特征重要性从大到小依次为光学特征、地形特征、SAR特征,“L8+SRTM+Sentinel-1+邻域均值”特征组合的反演精度最高,加入邻域均值特征进行森林冠层高度反演效果最佳,随机森林模型能精确绘制森林冠层高度。

关键词：森林冠层高度 ICESat-2 Sentinel-1 Landsat 8 广西-东盟

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Engineering the interface of porous CoMoO_(3)nanosheets with Co_(3)Mo nanoparticles for high-performance electrochemical overall water splitting

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第6期137卷 184-192页

作者： Haibin Ma Xuejing Yang zhili wang Qing Jiang Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials Ministry of Educationand School of Materials Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun 130022China

The design of high-performance electrocatalysts for alkaline water splitting is of significant importance for the development of a sustainable hydrogen ***,heterostructured Co_(3)Mo nanoparti-cles/porous CoMoO_(3)nanosheets(Co_(3)Mo/CoMoO_(3)NPSs)were constructed for alkaline water splitting by annealing CoMoO x nanosheets under controlled *** to its interfacial electronic structure and increased electrochemical active area,Co_(3)Mo/CoMoO_(3)NPSs exhibit impressive hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)activity with an overpotential of 334 mV at 1000 mA cm^(-2) and a Tafel slope of 46.4 mV per decade in 1.0 M KOH,which outperforms Pt/C catalyst(621 mV and 74.7 mV per decade).Density functional theory calculations illustrate the electron transfer from Co_(3)Mo to CoMoO_(3)at the interfaces,where electron accumulation on CoMoO_(3)favors the dissociation of H_(2)O molecule,and electron-deficient Co atoms in Co_(3)Mo have optimized H∗absorption energy for *** Co_(3)Mo/CoMoO_(3)NPSs also exhibit higher oxygen evolution reaction activity than the RuO_(2)***,the water electrolyzer us-ing Co_(3)Mo/CoMoO_(3)NPSs as both cathode and anode only requires 1.59 V to deliver a current density of 100 mA cm^(-2)in 1.0 M KOH,which outperforms benchmark Pt/C||RuO_(2)electrodes couple with 1.69 V to reach the same current density,providing great potential for large-scale applications.

关键词： Interface engineering Heterostructures Interfacial electronic structure Hydrogen evolution reaction Overall water splitting

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基于补偿水头差的沿江口门引排流量计算方法研究

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人民长江 2024年第8期55卷 187-192,209页

作者：张芮李寿千王志力朱明成陆彦南京水利科学研究院江苏南京210029

长江支流口门多建有节制闸,利用涨落潮过程自行引排水,而引排水流态的复杂性使得引排流量过程难以精准确定。以太湖流域杨林塘口门为例,通过分析引排水调度方式及流态特征,发现涨潮时开启中孔闸门引水,内河侧流态复杂且附近水位差别大,... 详细信息

长江支流口门多建有节制闸,利用涨落潮过程自行引排水,而引排水流态的复杂性使得引排流量过程难以精准确定。以太湖流域杨林塘口门为例,通过分析引排水调度方式及流态特征,发现涨潮时开启中孔闸门引水,内河侧流态复杂且附近水位差别大,而落潮时开启全部闸门排水,外江侧流态复杂且附近水位有所差别。为此,提出了一种基于补偿水头差的沿江口门引排流量计算方法。该方法通过设置系列补偿水头差修正堰流公式中的水位,统计了计算流量与实测流量偏差值,进而建立了流量偏差值与补偿水头差的相关关系,最终确定适宜的补偿水头差,从而建立适宜沿江口门引排流量计算公式。结果表明:利用该方法预测的引水流量误差减小40%~50%,排水流量误差减小3%~6%。相关经验可供工程设计人员及闸管单位运行管理人员借鉴。

关键词：引排水补偿水头差流量过程涨落潮太湖流域长江

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大型浮式起重机臂架拉索安装工艺研究

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起重运输机械 2024年第12期 76-81页

作者：王志利周刚钱亮亮上海振华重工(集团)股份有限公司上海200125

振浮4号1600 t浮式起重机根据使用规范需要进行维修保养,其中臂架拉索需要进更换,臂架拉索在更换过程中,存在起吊、固定、穿引及锁紧螺母安装等一系列的安装工序难点需解决。文中通过对拉索系统安装工序分解,对每道工序进行研究和试验论... 详细信息

振浮4号1600 t浮式起重机根据使用规范需要进行维修保养,其中臂架拉索需要进更换,臂架拉索在更换过程中,存在起吊、固定、穿引及锁紧螺母安装等一系列的安装工序难点需解决。文中通过对拉索系统安装工序分解,对每道工序进行研究和试验论证,制定了详细的工艺技术方案,最终顺利完成了安装工作。该方案在高空通过多台设备配合作业,有效地提升了作业安全和效率,为同类产品的臂架拉索系统安装提供了借鉴参考作用。

关键词：大型浮式起重机臂架拉索系统安装工序研究

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Advances in the Study of Black Carbon Effects on Climate

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2011年第1期2卷 23-30页

作者： Hua Zhang zhili wang National Climate Center China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China

Black carbon （BC） aerosols can strongly absorb solar radiation in very broad spectral wavebands, from the visible to the infrared. As a potential factor contributing to global warming, BC aerosols not only directly change the radiation balance of the earth-atmosphere system, but also indirectly affect global or regional climate by acting as cloud conden- sation nuclei or ice nuclei to alter cloud mierophysical properties. Here, recent progresses in the studies of radiative forcing due to BC and its climate effects are reviewed. The uncertainties in current researches are discussed and some suggestions are provided for future investigations.

关键词： black carbon radiative forcing climate effects

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Effects of tree size and organ age on variations in carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus stoichiometry in Pinus koraiensis

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第3期35卷 155-165页

作者： Yanjun wang Guangze Jin zhili Liu Center for Ecological Research Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People's Republic of China Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People's Republic of China Northeast Asia Biodiversity Research Center Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People's Republic of China

Carbon(C),nitrogen(N),and phosphorus(P)are of fundamental importance for growth and nutrient dynamics within plant organs and deserve more attention at regional to global ***,our knowledge of how these nutrients vary with tree size,organ age,or root order at the individual level remains *** determined C,N,and P contents and their stoichiometric ratios(i.e.,nutrient traits)in needles,branches,and fine roots at different organ ages(0-3-year-old needles and branches)and root orders(1st-4th order roots)from 64 Pinus koraiensis of varying size(Diameter at breast height ranged from 0.3 to 100 cm)in northeast *** factors were also *** results show that nutrient traits were regulated by tree size,organ age,or root order rather than soil *** a whole-plant level,nutrient traits decreased in needles and fine roots but increased in branches with tree *** the organ level,age or root order had a negative effect on C,N,and P and a positive effect on stoichiometric *** results demonstrate that nutrient variations are closely related to organ-specific functions and ecophysiological processes at an individual *** is suggested that the nutrient acquisition strategy by younger trees and organ fractions with higher nutrient content is for ***,nutrient storage strategy in older trees and organ fractions are mainly for steady *** results clarified the nutrient utilization strategies during tree and organ ontogeny and suggest that tree size and organ age or root order should be simultaneously considered to understand the complexities of nutrient variations.

关键词： Tree size Organ age(or root order) Carbon(C) Nitrogen(N) Phosphorus(P) Pinus koraiensis

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The morphodynamic responses to deposition-promoting projects in island and reef coasts of the Zhoushan Archipelago,China

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2017年第3期32卷 351-363页

作者： Qingzhi Hou zhili wang Yongjun Lu Siping Mo State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute

China's island and reef coasts are mainly distributed along the coasts of Zhejiang and Fujian *** areas have favorable deep-water conditions and great development potential. The Zhoushan Archipelago is a typical island and reef coast. In the midst of the islands, there are many tidal channels with high water depth and high current velocity. Daishan Island is located on the northern part of the Zhoushan Archipelago. The sea north of Daishan Island can be characterized as having great water depth（generally between 10 and 20 m）, high current velocity（the maximum measured value is about 2 m/s）,and hyperconcentrated suspended sediment（annual average concentration under normal weather conditions is about 0.6 kg/m3）. Sediment transport is influenced by the co-action of waves and *** reclamation can ease the contradiction between the desire for development and the land resource shortage on island and reef coasts. Land reclamation generally starts from deposition-promoting projects on island and reef coasts with hyperconcentration of suspended sediment with the aim of reducing the reclamation cost. Based on the morphodynamic characteristics of the sea area near north of Daishan Island, a two-dimensional mathematical model was developed to analyze the co-action of current and waves and the model was verified for spring as well as neap tides in 2007 and 2012. The simulated values of tidal stages, tidal current velocities, tidal current directions, and suspended sediment concentration at15 stations in 2007 and 9 stations in 2012 were in good agreement with the in-situ measured ***, the simulated magnitude and pattern of erosion and sedimentation agreed well with the observations. This model was used to evaluate the effects of a proposed siltation scheme on the hydrodynamic environment and morphological change of the study area. The results of this study can inform the protection, development, and utilization of shoal-channels on island and r

关键词： Tidal current Wave Sedimentation Numerical simulation Island and reef coasts Deposition-promoting projects

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天然气储气井泄漏伤害定量计算及风险评估

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化工管理 2024年第7期 86-90页

作者：陈虹燕于永政王智立江苏安全技术职业学院江苏徐州221004

天然气储气井是高压储气设施,为天然气储备和调峰提供了重要的支撑作用。因其运行环境特殊,在高压低温环境下,其附件和本体会产生点蚀、氢脆、腐蚀、磨损的可能性较大,具有一定的危险性。文章针对加气站真实工况中点蚀形成的小孔径泄漏... 详细信息

天然气储气井是高压储气设施,为天然气储备和调峰提供了重要的支撑作用。因其运行环境特殊,在高压低温环境下,其附件和本体会产生点蚀、氢脆、腐蚀、磨损的可能性较大,具有一定的危险性。文章针对加气站真实工况中点蚀形成的小孔径泄漏和外力冲击形成的大孔径泄漏进行预设,直径分别为2 mm和20 mm,并针对不同泄漏孔径进行了泄漏量的计算,应用喷射火模型和蒸气云爆炸模型进行数值计算对比,用数值模拟软件模拟蒸气云爆炸前汽云扩散状态图,并为加气站安全管理、消防及安全疏散提供建议。

关键词：天然气蒸气云爆炸定量评价风险分析

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