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Intratumoural microbiota:a new frontier in cancer development and therapy

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第2期9卷 597-620页

作者： Yaqi Cao Hui Xia Xueyun Tan Chunwei Shi Yanling Ma Daquan Meng Mengmeng Zhou zhilei Lv Sufei wang Yang Jin Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory DiseasesKey Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health CommissionState Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious DiseasesUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei 430022China Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Tumour-Targeted Biochemotherapy MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted TherapyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei 430022China Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei 430022China Department of Pathogen Biology School of Basic MedicineTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei 430022China

Human microorganisms,including bacteria,fungi,and viruses,play key roles in several physiological and pathological processes.Some studies discovered that tumour tissues once considered sterile actually host a variety of microorganisms,which have been confirmed to be closely related to oncogenesis.The concept of intratumoural microbiota was subsequently proposed.Microbiota could colonise tumour tissues through mucosal destruction,adjacent tissue migration,and hematogenic invasion and affect the biological behaviour of tumours as an important part of the tumour microenvironment.Mechanistic studies have demonstrated that intratumoural microbiota potentially promote the initiation and progression of tumours by inducing genomic instability and mutations,affecting epigenetic modifications,promoting inflammation response,avoiding immune destruction,regulating metabolism,and activating invasion and metastasis.Since more comprehensive and profound insights about intratumoral microbiota are continuously emerging,new methods for the early diagnosis and prognostic assessment of cancer patients have been under examination.In addition,interventions based on intratumoural microbiota show great potential to open a new chapter in antitumour therapy,especially immunotherapy,although there are some inevitable challenges.Here,we aim to provide an extensive review of the concept,development history,potential sources,heterogeneity,and carcinogenic mechanisms of intratumoural microorganisms,explore the potential role of microorganisms in tumour prognosis,and discuss current antitumour treatment regimens that target intratumoural microorganisms and the research prospects and limitations in this field.

关键词： tumour invasion metabolism

Simultaneous enhancement in mechanical and corrosion properties of Al-Mg-Si alloys using machine learning

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第36期167卷 1-13页

作者： Xinming Feng zhilei wang Lei Jiang Fan Zhao Zhihao Zhang Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing Laboratory of Metallic Materials and Processing for Modern Transportation Institute for Advanced Materials and TechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing(MOE) University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Institute for Advanced Materials and TechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

Al-Mg-Si alloys with high strength and good corrosion resistance are regarded as desirable materials for all-aluminum vehicles.However,the traditional trial-and-error experimental methods are insufficient to address the trade-offbetween strength and corrosion resistance.In this work,a non-dominated sorting genetic machine-learning algorithm(NSGA-II)was employed to optimize the chemical composition,so as to simultaneously improve the strength and corrosion resistance.Three high-performance Al-Mg-Si alloys with low Mg,Si,and Cu contents were successfully developed,where the yield strength(YS),ultimate tensile strength(UTS),and the elongation(δ)reached 375-380 MPa,410-416 MPa,and 13.7%-15.2%,re-spectively.Compared with higher-Cu-content 6013 alloy,the YS and UTS of the present alloys increase by about 60 MPa,and the intergranular corrosion resistance is also significantly improved.Microstruc-ture characterization demonstrated thatβ’’and QP phases introduced a significant synergistic precipita-tion strengthening effect;the dispersoids formed by trace Mn,Cr,Fe,Zr,and Ti contributed dispersion strengthening effect;and the good pitting corrosion resistance is attributed to lower Mg and Si contents.

关键词： Aluminum alloy Machine learning High strength Corrosion resistance

Asari Radix et Rhizoma consumption lacks relevance for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients:A retrospective cohort study

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2022年第3期14卷 470-475页

作者： Zhi-e Fang Yuming Guo zhilei wang Tingting He Jiabo wang Zhaofang Bai Xiaohe Xiao Department of Hepatology Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100039China China Military Institute of Chinese Materia Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100039China

Objective:Although some studies have linked Asari Radix et Rhizoma(Asari Radix)administration to hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),few studies have examined the association between the development of HCC and use of Asari Radix among patients in China's Mainland.This study aimed to evaluate the realworld association between Asari Radix and HCC in patients to strengthen the understanding of Asari Radix safety.Methods:A retrospective cohort study among hepatitis B virus(HBV)-monoinfected patients and nonHBV-monoinfected patients were performed.Patients over 18 years of age were eligible for inclusion.Prescription records of inpatients and outpatients were inquired to distinguish Asari Radix users and nonusers.The risk of developing HCC among Asari Radix users and nonusers in the HBV cohort and the non-HBV cohort was analyzed.Results:There were 49500 HBV and 133148 non-HBV patients involved in the two cohorts.Among HBV patients(2901 users;46599 nonusers),the prevalence of HCC in Asari Radix users was lower than that in nonusers(145.70 vs.265.43 per 105).Among non-HBV patients(5042 users;128106 nonusers),the prevalence of HCC in Asari Radix users was lower than that in nonusers(81.62 vs.134.11 per 105).None of the hazard ratios(HRs)of Asari Radix exposure ranging from 1 g to 200 g in the two cohorts showed correlation between Asari Radix exposure and hepatocarcinogenesis.Conclusion:An obvious irrelevancy was found between the consumption of Asari Radix and HCC development both in patients with and in those without HBV infection.Use of Asari Radix under 200 g appears safe in terms of HCC risk in the Chinese population;further prospective studies are needed to confirm our results.

关键词： aristolochic acid Asari Radix et Rhizoma hepatitis B virus(HBV) hepatocellular carcinoma safety awareness

延长产假对流动女性“生育—失业”的影响基于全国流动人口调查数据

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社会 2024年第2期44卷 213-242页

作者：石智雷王璋中南财经政法大学人口与健康研究中心

本研究提出延长产假的“社会分化效应假说”,来重新解释因为延长产假而在流动女性群体中出现的“生育—失业悖论”,并利用2016年中国各省份的《人口与计划生育条例》修订这一外生事件和2016年、2018年全国流动人口调查数据,对该理论进... 详细信息

本研究提出延长产假的“社会分化效应假说”,来重新解释因为延长产假而在流动女性群体中出现的“生育—失业悖论”,并利用2016年中国各省份的《人口与计划生育条例》修订这一外生事件和2016年、2018年全国流动人口调查数据,对该理论进行检验。研究发现,延长产假能够有效提升流动女性的二孩生育意愿,但同时也会显著增加流动女性的失业风险,产假每延长1个月,流动女性失业的概率就会增加11.76%。但是,产假延长只提升了高社会经济地位流动女性的二孩生育意愿,却使得低社会经济地位流动女性的失业风险升高。作为保护弱势群体的家庭政策,产假延长政策在实施过程中产生了新的不平等,使低社会经济地位流动女性陷入更困难的境地。本研究不仅拓展了低生育问题研究视域,也为完善公共政策和引导现代家庭发展提供了理论参考。

关键词：产假延长生育—失业悖论社会分化

基于SLIC超像素分割的非局部均值船舶图像去噪算法

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上海海事大学学报 2024年第2期45卷 62-67页

作者：王芝磊冉鑫上海海事大学商船学院上海201306

针对传统船舶图像去噪算法难以对图像的边缘细节进行保留和分析,以及传统非局部均值去噪算法相似框选择困难等问题,提出基于简单线性迭代聚类(simple linear iterative clustering,SLIC)超像素分割的非局部均值船舶图像去噪算法。通过S... 详细信息

针对传统船舶图像去噪算法难以对图像的边缘细节进行保留和分析,以及传统非局部均值去噪算法相似框选择困难等问题,提出基于简单线性迭代聚类(simple linear iterative clustering,SLIC)超像素分割的非局部均值船舶图像去噪算法。通过SLIC算法对图像进行分割处理,界定图像的纹理区域和平滑区域;使用相似框搜索和匹配策略,提升匹配效果,并适当保留更多边缘细节,从而改善图像去噪的效果。实验结果表明,所提出的算法相较于其他传统的船舶图像去噪算法不仅能很好地保留船舶图像的边缘细节特点,而且能在一定程度上提高船舶图像的峰值信噪比,具有良好的去噪效果,可以用于智能航海领域船舶图像的去噪。

关键词：非局部均值去噪船舶图像去噪简单线性迭代聚类(SLIC) 超像素分割相似框选择

Machine learning-based predictions of fatigue life and fatigue limit for steels

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第31期90卷 9-19页

作者： steelsLei He zhilei wang Hiroyuki Akebono Atsushi Sugeta Department of Materials Science and Engineering Nagoya UniversityFuro-choChikusa-kuNagoya464-8601Japan Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering Hiroshima University1-4-1 KagamiyamaHigashi-HiroshimaHiroshima739-8527Japan

To predict the fatigue life for oblique hyperbola-and bilinear-mode S-N curves of metallic materials with various strengths,a machine-learning approach for direct analysis was employed.Additionally,to determine the fatigue limit of the utilized materials(AISI 316,AISI 4140 and CA6 NM series)with different S-N curve modes using finite-fatigue life data,a Bayesian optimization-based inverse analysis was performed.The results indicated that predictions of the fatigue life for the utilized datasets via the random forest(RF)algo rithm for AISI 4140 and CA6 NM,and artificial neural network(ANN)for AISI 316,distribute within 2 factor error lines for most data.In the Bayesian optimization-based inverse analysis,the specific explanatory variables corresponding to the optimized maximum fatigue life were treated as the fatigue limits.The predicted fatigue limits either approximated to or slightly underestimated the experimental results,except for several cases with large errors.Using the inverse analysis to predict the fatigue limit for both S-N curve modes is applicable for current employed data-set.However,the explored maximum fatigue lives via BO corresponding to the predicted fatigue limit were underestimated for AISI 4140 and CA6 NM,and was overestimated for AISI 316 because of effect of shape of S-N curves.By combining the ANN or RF direct and BO inverse algorithms,whole S-N curves(including the fatigue limit)were evaluated for the S-N curve shapes of the oblique hyperbola and bilinear modes.

关键词： Machine learning Fatigue life prediction Inverse analysis Steels

社会经济地位与居民生育:一个生育不平等分析框架

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人口学刊 2024年第4期46卷 5-23页

作者：石智雷王璋中南财经政法大学经济学院中南财经政法大学公共管理学院湖北武汉430073

三孩政策在扩大生育选择空间的同时衍生出一种新的生育不平等。本文基于2021年第三期“湖北百县生育调查”数据,从理论和实证两个方面论证三孩政策下我国城乡居民社会经济地位与生育意愿、生育行为之间的逻辑关系。在理论层面,文章提出... 详细信息

三孩政策在扩大生育选择空间的同时衍生出一种新的生育不平等。本文基于2021年第三期“湖北百县生育调查”数据,从理论和实证两个方面论证三孩政策下我国城乡居民社会经济地位与生育意愿、生育行为之间的逻辑关系。在理论层面,文章提出三孩政策下的生育不平等分析框架。该框架立足于两个基本前提:第一,中国的生育率转变已经完成,目前处于生育成本约束驱动阶段。第二,人们是理性的,会权衡经济条件、生育偏好等各个层面的因素进行生育决策。在此基础上,生育不平等是指由于所处社会地位或经济状况的限制,不同社会经济地位人群实现自身生育需求的结果出现明显分化。社会经济地位较高人群能够更好地实现生育愿望,而社会经济地位较低群体受限于财富、权利或社会资源等因素,无法满足自身对孩子数量的期望。在实证层面,文章综合运用工具变量法与倾向得分匹配法解决计量模型的内生性与选择性问题,检验我国当前的生育不平等及其生成机制。研究发现:在实际生育水平远低于政策生育水平的背景下,居民社会经济地位越高,生育意愿越强,越可能生育更多的孩子。在一系列考虑地区经济水平、生育文化等因素的稳健性检验后,该结论仍然显著成立。机制分析发现生育不平等是在生育成本约束下,社会、经济资源的不均等占有导致不同社会经济地位群体的抗生育风险能力差异引致的。同时,区域内社会分化的扩大对生育不平等存在一种强化效应,区域内不同家庭的社会分化程度越高,生育不平等程度也越高。生育不平等是三孩政策实施后新显现出的社会现象,也很可能成为未来的长期发展趋势。生育平等并不是要求每个人都有同样的生育数量,而应当是基于每个人的不同需求,制定政策使这个具有人际相异性的社会上具体的个人都能够平等地实现生育需求。随着生育政策的渐进式放开,我们应该更加警惕和关注生育不平等及其社会风险。如果生育不平等持续存在甚至扩大,很可能会强化当前的极低生育现状,阻碍低社会经济地位群体向上流动的机会,激发社会潜在的不稳定因素。

关键词：生育不平等社会经济地位三孩政策

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Berberine enhances the anti-hepatocellular carcinoma effect of NK92-MI cells through inhibiting IFN-gamma-mediated PD-L1 expression

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Liver Research 2022年第3期6卷 167-174页

作者： Kunyuan wang Chengxin Gu Ganxiang Yu Jiaen Lin zhilei wang Qianting Lu Yangzhi Xu Dan Zhao Xiaofeng Jiang Weijian Mai Shiming Liu Hui Yang Department of Gastroenterology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina

Background and aims:Berberine is one of the most promising clinically tested natural alkaloids,and immunotherapy using natural killer(NK)cells is a potentially effective treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).This study aims to elucidate the effect of berberine on the anti-HCC effect of NK92-MI cells.Materials and methods:Human HCC SMMC-7721 and Hep3B cells were co-incubated with NK92-MI cells,berberine(60 or 80 mmol/L),or their combination for 36 h.To evaluate the killing effect of NK92-MI cells on HCC cells,the release of lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)in HCC cells was measured.The anti-tumor effects of berberine,NK92-MI cells,and their combinations were evaluated by MTS,EdU,Tunel,and Western blot assays.A male BALB/c nude mouse subcutaneous tumor model was used to investigate the anti-HCC effect of berberine and NK92-MI cells in vivo.Results:The LDH assay showed that berberine enhanced the cytotoxicity of NK92-MI cells on HCC cells.The combination of berberine and NK92-MI cells demonstrated more obvious anti-HCC effect than did the berberine or NK92-MI single treatment in inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo.Mechanistically,the expression of programmed cell death-ligand 1(PD-L1)in HCC cells was upregulated after co-culture with NK-92MI cells.PD-L1 expression was knocked down,thereby inhibiting the proliferation and promoting apoptosis of HCC cells,and inhibited by berberine that blocked the secretion of interferon gamma(IFN-g),thereby enhancing the anti-tumor effect of NK92-MI cells.Conclusions:Current data show that the immunomodulatory role of berberine is to enhance the cytotoxic effect of NK92-MI cells and inhibit tumor immune escape by reducing the expression of PD-L1.Our study provides a rationale for the clinical application of berberine in combination with NK cells for the treatment of HCC.

关键词： Berberine Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) NK92-MI cells Interferon gamma(IFN-g) Programmed cell death-ligand 1(PD-L1)

Assessment of tree-ring mercury radial translocation and age effect in Masson pine:Implications for historical atmospheric mercury reconstruction

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 266-276页

作者： Xu Liu Xun wang Dingyong wang College of Resources and Environment Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550081China

The tree ring has been regarded as an emerging archive to reconstruct historical atmospheric mercury(Hg)trends,but with the large knowledge gaps in the reliability.In this study,we comprehensively evaluated the Hg source,radial translocation and age effect of Masson pine(Pinus massoniana)tree ring at Mt.Jinyun in Chongqing,to assess the suitability of such tree ring as the archive of atmospheric Hg.Results showed that distinct variabilities among Masson pine tree-ring Hg concentration profiles.The Hg concentration significantly increased along with stem height(P<0.05),indicating the Hg in tree rings mainly derived from foliage uptake atmospheric Hg.We found a distinct age effect that the tree ring of young trees had the higher Hg concentration.Besides,we used the advection-diffusion model to demonstrate how Hg concentration shifted by the advection or/and diffusion in tree rings.The modeling results showed that the advection induced radial translocation during the young growth period of tree was a plausible mechanism to result in the tree-ring Hg record largely different from the trend of anthropogenic Hg emissions in Chongqing.We finally suggest that in further Hg dendrochemistry,better discarding the tree-ring Hg profile of the young growth period to reduce impacts of the radial translocation and age effect.

关键词： Masson pine Tree-ring mercury Radial translocation Tree age effect