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Modulation of starch digestibility using non-thermal processing techniques:A review

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Grain & Oil Science and Technology 2024年第3期7卷 209-218页

作者： Liyuan Rong Weiqi Fei zhijun Wang Xianxiang Chen Huiliang Wen Jianhua Xie Mingyue shen State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources Nanchang University School of Biosystems and Food Engineering University College Dublin

Obesity and type 2 diabetes are widespread throughout the world, especially in developed countries. Starch is an important part of human staple food, the modulating of starch digestibility is conducive to reducing postprandial blood glucose levels and alleviating the chronic disease caused by high caloric intake. The digestion properties of starch are correlated with its structural features, including crystallization, amylose/amylopectin ratio, non-starch components, etc. Among the modified methods applied to regulate starch digestibility, non-thermal processing techniques(NTPT) receive extensive attention due to the characteristics of safety, environmental friendliness and high efficiency. The influence and mechanism of NTPT on the digestion properties of starch are discussed in this review, including ultrasounds, high pressure, γ-irradiation, etc. NTPT induces the alternation of morphological and structural characteristics of native starch, changing their sensitivity to enzymes. The effects of NTPT on the digestibility of starch are highly related to the processing parameters and structure characteristics of native starch. The review shows that NTPT is an effective way to modulate the digestion properties of starch and prevent people from suffering from chronic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes.

关键词： Digestibility Non-thermal processing Chronic disease Starch

Multifunctional Peptide-Melanin Hybrid Nanodots with Robust Anti-Cutaneous Photoaging Activity

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2024年第03期8卷 395-401页

作者： Peizhe Li Qiming Zhu Baozhu Wang Shanshan He Qi Xu Kaiyan Li Yongmiao shen Miao Su zhijun Zhang Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Zhejiang Sci-Tech University College of Textile Science and Engineering (International Silk Institute) Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Shanghai Beautyart Biotechnology Co. Ltd. shengzhou Innovation Research Institute of Zhejiang SciTech University

Skin aging is a systematic and complex process, mainly including intrinsic aging caused by time change and extrinsic aging caused by environmental factors. Photoaging caused by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation is the principle extrinsic factor of skin aging, which can directly or indirectly cause damage to DNA and other biomolecules, generate reactive oxygen species(ROS), and induce a decrease in collagen synthesis and other adverse eff ect. Herein, to address the causative factors and multiple side eff ects of skin photoaging, we constructed multifunctional peptide-melanin hybrid nanodots (PMHDs) to achieve multifaceted synergistic anti-skin aging by using melanin-like nanodots (MDs) and functional peptides as active *** them, the peptide has the activity of promoting collagen synthesis, while the MDs have the function of absorbing UV light and scavenging free radicals. Additionally, the MDs also act as a carrier to increase the cellular uptake of the *** anti-photoaging eff ects of the PMHDs were systematically verifi ed in a multidimensional manner at the biochemical,cellular and small animal levels, respectively.

关键词： Nanodots

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杨继振事迹述考

红楼梦学刊 2024年第1期 56-77页

作者：沈治钧北京语言大学汉语学院 100083

杨继振乃内务府汉军镶黄旗人。诸生,浙江乍浦同知、广东盐运同知、工部郎中。工画,嗜金石,精赏鉴,富藏弆,有《五湖烟艇题赠集》《星凤堂诗集》《古泉喜神谱》等。祖彭年,父锺裕,妻色克图氏,妾徐月嫣、黄去尘,师释达受,契弟徐传经,友秦... 详细信息

杨继振乃内务府汉军镶黄旗人。诸生,浙江乍浦同知、广东盐运同知、工部郎中。工画,嗜金石,精赏鉴,富藏弆,有《五湖烟艇题赠集》《星凤堂诗集》《古泉喜神谱》等。祖彭年,父锺裕,妻色克图氏,妾徐月嫣、黄去尘,师释达受,契弟徐传经,友秦光第、于源,恋人方秀姬。“猗欤又云”“江南第一风流公子”,继振是梦稿本的晚清原藏主,一位有愁肠的情种、有才华的诗人、有热忱的藏家、有卓识的学者。我们对他了解得越全面、越细致、越深入,便越能够较好地领悟他拥有梦稿本的客观条件与内心感受,从而作出精准判断。

关键词：杨继振梦稿本藏书印秦光第于源

Monitoring and engineering interface coupling between monolayer WS_(2)and substrate through controllably introducing interfacial strain

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Science China Materials 2024年第9期67卷 3012-3020页

作者： Xiaofei Yue Jiajun Chen Jinkun Han Yabing Shan Shuwen shen Wenxuan Wu Bingjie Liu Lijia Li Yu Chen Rongjun Zhang Laigui Hu Ran Liu zhijun Qiu Chunxiao Cong School of Information Science and Technology Fudan UniversityShanghai200433China Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization(CSIRO) ClaytonVictoria3168Australia Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University Yiwu322000China

The interface properties in two-dimensional(2D)layered materials and their van der Waals(vdW)homo-/heterostructures are of importance in both uncovering novel physical phenomena and optimizing device *** considerable research interest and enthusiasm direct toward the interlayer coupling in 2D homo-and heterostructures,there is limited research on the coupling at the 2D layered material-substrate *** limitation is due to the challenges in achieving direct ***,the coupling mechanisms at the 2D layered material-substrate interface is ambiguous,which needs greater *** this study,we have systematically investigated the interface coupling between monolayer WS_(2)and its supported substrates using high-temperature and high-vacuum in-situ Raman spectroscopy through monitoring the low-frequency Raman mode of monolayer WS_(2).Our findings reveal that both interfacial spacing and strain can significantly affect the coupling strength between the monolayer WS_(2)and the supported *** notably,we found that the strategic introduction of appropriate interfacial strain can effectively enhance the interface ***,we have succeeded in achieving effective regulation of the sample-substrate coupling via a convenient way of controlling the cooling process during *** findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the coupling correlation between 2D layered materials and substrates,which is of great significance for the design and optimization of high-performance devices based on 2D layered semiconductors.

关键词： two-dimensional layered material substrate interface coupling low-frequency Raman mode interfacial spacing interfacial strain

深埋老黄土隧道支护限阻器力学特性及其应用研究

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铁道学报 2024年第4期46卷 194-204页

作者：申志军王刚仇文革王海彦西南交通大学交通隧道工程教育部重点实验室四川成都610031 南京工业大学交通运输工程学院江苏南京211816 中铁四局集团有限公司安徽合肥230022 成都天佑智隧科技有限公司四川成都610031

为深入探究基于限阻器的隧道让压支护,即限阻支护的受力特征,基于室内试验结果,采用数值计算和数据拟合的方法,系统阐明了限阻器的力学性能和本构关系,提出限阻支护的数值模拟方法;并结合工程应用,分析不同参数下限阻支护的变形和受力... 详细信息

为深入探究基于限阻器的隧道让压支护,即限阻支护的受力特征,基于室内试验结果,采用数值计算和数据拟合的方法,系统阐明了限阻器的力学性能和本构关系,提出限阻支护的数值模拟方法;并结合工程应用,分析不同参数下限阻支护的变形和受力特征。结果表明:限阻器的力学性能与竖板的高度和厚度相关,引入预制弯弧可使限阻器性能可控;限阻器采用应变软化/硬化实体单元和弹性正交异性膜单元模拟;限阻器较小的恒阻值降低了限阻支护的轴力但同时也增大了弯矩,有利于小偏心受压破坏防治但增加了大偏心受压破坏风险;限阻器的合理压缩量为7~12 cm,建议在工程应用中对限阻器做降高、增厚和弯弧优化,可进一步增效降本。

关键词：黄土隧道大变形限阻器让压支护受力特征

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27例胫骨中下段骨折的治疗方法分析

科技与健康 2024年第5期3卷 5-8页

作者：沈智俊沈骏贵州中医药大学贵州贵阳550002 贵州中医药大学第一附属医院贵州贵阳550001

探讨较为满意的胫骨中下段骨折的治疗方法,以提高骨科医师对此类型损伤的认识。回顾性分析2020年10月—2023年5月贵州中医药大学第一附属医院骨伤科收治的27例胫骨中下段骨折患者的临床资料,按照AO分类将其分为42A、42B、42C三型。手术... 详细信息

探讨较为满意的胫骨中下段骨折的治疗方法,以提高骨科医师对此类型损伤的认识。回顾性分析2020年10月—2023年5月贵州中医药大学第一附属医院骨伤科收治的27例胫骨中下段骨折患者的临床资料,按照AO分类将其分为42A、42B、42C三型。手术治疗使用髓内钉或钢板固定,保守治疗选择石膏托或支具固定。门诊随访记录患者骨折愈合及并发症发生情况,根据Johner-Wruhs疗效评估标准评价临床疗效,综合考虑功能状态、痛感强度、行走方式、膝部的稳固性以及运动的广度等因素评分。结果显示:保守组中治疗优良率72.7%,手术组中优良率88.6%。说明根据AO分类系统进行骨折分型,对于选择治疗方法和评估预后具有重要的指导作用。对于未发生移位或仅有轻微移位的A型和B1型骨折,可以采取保守治疗的方法。手术治疗应强调使用适当内固定及腓骨重建。研究发现,AO分型结合中医理论对选择胫骨中下段骨折的治疗方式及评估预后有指导意义,值得推广应用。

关键词：胫骨骨折治疗手术

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曹雪芹向《金瓶梅》学习语汇

曹雪芹研究 2024年第3期 46-59页

作者：沈治钧北京语言大学汉语学院

曹雪芹向《金瓶梅》学习语言,主要落实在学习词汇上。许多红楼语汇的最初源头,正是《金瓶梅》,未见更早的。某些语汇既见于《金瓶梅》,也见于兰陵笑笑生同时或之后,亦即曹雪芹之前或同时。另有一种情况,即《金瓶梅》以前已存在某语汇,... 详细信息

曹雪芹向《金瓶梅》学习语言,主要落实在学习词汇上。许多红楼语汇的最初源头,正是《金瓶梅》,未见更早的。某些语汇既见于《金瓶梅》,也见于兰陵笑笑生同时或之后,亦即曹雪芹之前或同时。另有一种情况,即《金瓶梅》以前已存在某语汇,经笑笑生铺张扬厉,踵事增华,影响到曹雪芹,从而反映在《红楼梦》里。笑笑生的优异表现证明,日常生活是作家最好的语言老师,努力创新是作品最值得追求的艺术目标。正缘于此,曹雪芹着意向《金瓶梅》学习语言,更注重向日常生活学习语言,于是乎青出于蓝而胜于蓝。

关键词：曹雪芹红楼梦金瓶梅兰陵笑笑生西周生

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敦诚“三年下第曾怜我”考辨

曹雪芹研究 2024年第1期 1-17页

作者：沈治钧北京语言大学汉语学院

敦诚《挽曹雪芹》初稿里的“三年下第曾怜我”像一句诗谜,包含着重要的历史秘密,亦即历史细节。“三年下第”专指科举考试失利,与敦诚《岁暮自述五十韵寄同学诸子》所述之事恰合,与敦诚《先祖妣瓜尔佳氏太夫人行述》及敦敏《敬亭小传》... 详细信息

敦诚《挽曹雪芹》初稿里的“三年下第曾怜我”像一句诗谜,包含着重要的历史秘密,亦即历史细节。“三年下第”专指科举考试失利,与敦诚《岁暮自述五十韵寄同学诸子》所述之事恰合,与敦诚《先祖妣瓜尔佳氏太夫人行述》及敦敏《敬亭小传》亦合,与各类史料也对得上,因而可以判定“曾怜我”发生在乾隆二十年乙亥(1755)。敦诚考得优等成绩,却名落孙山,这并非敦诚犯错,而是朝廷的宗室科考政策有变。敦诚是弘历固执己见并暗箱操作的牺牲品,所以极度不满、愤懑、无奈,非常痛苦。此时,曹雪芹送上了关怀与同情,尽管怹反对科举。也因“宗室停科”,曹雪芹失业并移居西山,《红楼梦》断尾。

关键词：曹雪芹敦诚宗室子弟科举考试弘历

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濮文暹与甲戌本及半亩园

成都理工大学学报（社会科学版） 2024年第2期32卷 91-103页

作者：沈治钧北京语言大学汉语学院北京100083

刘铨福旧藏甲戌本时期,濮文暹与濮文昶兄弟是较早的该本读者,书后还留有二人的亲笔跋语及印鉴,时间是同治四年(1865)乙丑孟秋,地点是京城豪宅半亩园。濮氏昆仲与甲戌本、刘铨福及完颜崇实、崇厚、嵩申、华毓之间的牵连瓜葛,理应复查稽... 详细信息

刘铨福旧藏甲戌本时期,濮文暹与濮文昶兄弟是较早的该本读者,书后还留有二人的亲笔跋语及印鉴,时间是同治四年(1865)乙丑孟秋,地点是京城豪宅半亩园。濮氏昆仲与甲戌本、刘铨福及完颜崇实、崇厚、嵩申、华毓之间的牵连瓜葛,理应复查稽核一番,藉此返回历史现场,以便解惑答疑。结果表明,已知史料与濮跋信息高度吻合,濮氏兄弟与半亩园主人崇实等关系确甚密切。细读《见在龛诗钞》与《味雪龛词稿》,还可获知濮文昶的生卒年。包括濮跋在内的甲戌本卷尾跋语七条时序错乱,那是自然而然形成的,并无问题。在国家图书馆古籍部发现濮文昶的《味雪龛词稿》抄本残卷,是一宗副产品。

关键词：濮文暹甲戌本完颜崇实半亩园濮文昶