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Some aspects of excellent marine source rock formation:implications on enrichment regularity of organic matter in continental margin basins

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2015年第1期34卷 47-54页

作者： Wenhao Li zhihuan zhang Youchuan Li School of Geosciences China University of Petroleum Research Institute of Unconventional Petroleum and Renewable Energy China University of Petroleum State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum CNOOC Research Institute

Through the analysis of ocean organisms, the distribution characteristics and enrichment of organic matters in modern marine sediments and ancient marine strata, this paper shows that the main factors influencing the formation of excellent marine source rocks are the paleoclimate, biologic productivity, terrestrial organic matter, oxidation–reduction environment, sedimentation rate, and the type of the basin. In addition to those factors,high biologic productivity or high content of terrestrial organic matter input is a requirement for the enrichment of the organic matter in a marine environment. Reducing environment was favorable for organic matter accumulation and preservation in depositing and early diagenesis stage, which is an important element for the formation of high-quality marine source rocks. Paleoclimate also influences the marine source rocks formation, as humid subtropical and tropical climates are the most favorable regimes for the formation of marine source rocks. Wind transports some vascular plant materials into the marine environment. Furthermore, upwellings driven by steady wind can cause high biologic productivity, thus formingorganic-C-rich mud. Suitable sedimentation rate is beneficial for marine organic matter accumulation. Moreover, the type of the basin also plays an important role in the development of marine source rocks. Silled basins with a positive water balance often act as nutrient traps, thus enhancing both productivity and organic matter preservations, while in open oceans, organic matter enrichment in sediments has just been found in the oxygen minimum layers.

关键词：海相烃源岩大陆边缘盆地富集规律有机物氧化还原环境生物生产力海洋沉积物海洋生物

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New perspective of Miocene marine hydrocarbon source rocks in deep-water area in Qiongdongnan Basin of northern South China Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2012年第5期31卷 107-114页

作者： LI Wenhao zhang zhihuan LI Youchuan FU Ning State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China CNOOC Research Institute Beijing 100027China

Drilling wells reveal that the organic matter abundance of Miocene marine source rocks in shallow water area of the Qiongdongnan Basin is relatively low with poor hydrocarbon generation poten- tial. However, in some drilling wells of deep water area close to the central depression belt, Miocene marine source rocks with better organic matter abundance and hydrocarbon generation have been found, which have achieved better source rock standard based on the analysis of geochemical charac- teristics. Although there are no exploratory wells in deep water area of the research region, through the comparative analysis of geochemical data of several typical exploratory wells respectively from shallow water area in the basin, central depression belt margin in deep-water area of the basin and Site 1148 of deep sea drilling in the South China Sea Basin, it reveals that the tendency of the quality of source rocks becomes positive gradually from delta to bathyal environment, which then becomes negative as in deep oceanic environment. Owing to the lack of terrestrial organic matter input, the important controlling factors of Miocene marine source rocks in the Qiongdongnan Basin are ocean productivity and preservation conditions of organic matter. The element geochemistry data indicate that the tendency of the paleoproductivity and the preservation conditions of organic matter become positive as water depth increase from shallow area to bathyal area close to central depression belt. So it is speculated that there must exist high quality source rocks in the central depression area where the preservation conditions of organic matter are much better. Besides, in theory, in oxygen-poor zone of oceanic environment at the water depth 400–1 000 m, the preservation conditions of organic matter are well thus forming high-quality marine source rocks. The result- ing speculation, it is reasonable to consider that there are high hydrocarbon generation potential source rocks in bathyal environme

关键词： hydrocarbon-generation potential marine source rocks ocean productivity preserva- tion condition deep water area deep sea drilling

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Fluid inclusions and oil charge history in the reservoirs of the Yongjin oilfield in central Junggar Basin

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2013年第1期32卷 78-84页

作者： Xie Guanbao Qin Liming zhang zhihuan Li Wenhao School of Geosciences China University of Petroleum Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering State Key Laboratory for Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum

In the Yongjin oilfield of southern Junggar Basin, many wells have been drilled to produce industrial oils. Based on the analysis of fluid inclusions in the reservoirs, in combination with the geological and thermal evolution, the charge history in this area has been studied. The results indicate that the Jurassic Formation and Cretaceous Formation reservoirs contain abundant oil and gas inclusions, and four types of fluid inclusions have been distinguished. According to the homogenization temperatures of the fluid inclusions, the hydrocarbons charged the Cretaceous Formation for two periods, one ranges from the Late Cretaceous period to the Eogene period, and the other ranges from the Neocene period to the present. The oil filling history is correlated with the oil source correlation analysis, which is controlled by the movement of the Che-Mo plaeo uplift. Overall, oil accumulation is characterized by the superposition of two sets of source rocks for two stages in the Shawan depression.

关键词：准噶尔盆地南缘流体包裹体历史油气充注水库油田均一温度晚白垩世

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Oil Source of Reservoirs in the Hinterland of the Junggar Basin

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Petroleum Science 2007年第4期4卷 34-43页

作者： Li Wei zhang zhihuan Yang Yongcai Meng Xianlong International Petroleum Exploration and Production Company Sinopec Beoing 100083 China Key Laboratory of Hydrocarbon Accumulation Ministry of Education China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China West China Branch of lnstititute of Exploration and Development Sinopec Urumqi Xinjiang 830011 China

Through oil-oil and oil-source correlation and combined with the comprehensive study of hydrocarbon generation and accumulation history, the oil sources of typical reservoirs of different geologic periods in the hinterland of the Junggar basin are revealed. It is concluded that the crude oils in the study area can be classified into four types： The oil in the area of well Zhuang-1 and well Sha-1 belongs to type-I, which was generated from Cretaceous to Paleogene （K-E） and its source rocks are distributed in the Fengcheng formation of the Permian in the western depression to the well Pen-1. The oil in the area of well Yong-6 （K1 tg） belongs to type-Ⅱ, which was generated from Cretaceous to Paleogene and its source rocks are distributed in the Wuerhe formation of the Permian in the Changji depression. The oil in the area of well Yong-6 （J2x） belongs to type-III, which was generated at the end of the Paleogene and its source rocks are distributed in the coal measures of the Jurassic in the Changji depression. The oil of well Zheng-1 and well Yong-1 belongs to type-IV, which was generated in the Paleogene, and its source rocks are distributed in the Wuerhe formation of the Lower Permian and coal measures of the Jurassic. It is indicated that the hydrocarbon accumulation history in the study area was controlled by the tectonic evolution history of the Che-Mo palaeohigh and the hydrocarbon generation history of well Pen-1 in the western depression and Changji depression.

关键词： Oil source correlation hydrocarbon accumulation history Che-Mo palaeohigh Junggar basin

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soils of Beijing and Tianjin region: Vertical distribution, correlation with TOC and transport mechanism

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第5期21卷 675-685页

作者： HE Fengpeng zhang zhihuan WAN Yunyang LU Song WANG Liang BU Qingwei PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company Oil Production Plant No. 1 Yanan 716000 China Key Laboratory for Hydrocarbon Accumulation Ministry of Education Faculty of Natural Resources & Information Technology China University of Petroleum Beifing 102249 China School of Environment Beifing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

The contents and distribution of 20 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） and heterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （HAHs） were investigated in 16 soil profiles of Beijing and Tianjin region. Transport of high molecular weight PAHs （HMWPAHs） and the correlation between total organic carbon （TOC） and their concentrations were also discussed. The results indicated that highly contaminated sites were located at urban or wastewater irrigation areas and pollutants mainly accumulated in topsoil （〈 40 cm）, with a sharp content decrease at the vertical boundary of 30-40 cm. Total PAHs/HAHs concentrations in soils from Tianjin were markedly greater than those from Beijing. Even the contents at bottoms of soil profiles in Tianjin were higher than those in topsoils of Beijing soil profile. HMWPAHs dominated the PAH profiles, exhibiting a uniform distribution of pyrogenic origin between topsoils and deep layers. Furthermore, the percentages of HMWPAHs remained relative constant with the depth of soil profiles, which were consistent with the distribution of particulate matter-associated PAHs in the local atmospheric environments. Therefore, HMWPAHs transport with particulates might be the predominant source found in soil profiles.

关键词： Beijing and Tianjin region soil profile polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) transport

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The main controlling factors and developmental models of Oligocene source rocks in the Qiongdongnan Basin,northern South China Sea

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Petroleum Science 2013年第2期10卷 161-170页

作者： Li Wenhao zhang zhihuan Li Youchuan Liu Chao Fu Ning State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum CNOOC Research Institute Petroleum Engineering College China University of Petroleum

Coals developed in the Oligocene Yacheng and Lingshui formations in the Qiongdongnan Basin have high organic matter abundance, and the dark mudstones in the two formations have reached a good source rock standard but with strong heterogeneity. Through the analysis of trace elements, organic macerals and biomarkers, it is indicated that plankton has made little contribution to Oligocene source rocks compared with the terrestrial higher plants. The organic matter preservation depends on hydrodynamics and the redox environment, and the former is the major factor in the study area. During the sedimentary period of the Yacheng Formation, tidal flats were developed in the central uplift zone, where the hydrodynamic conditions were weak and the input of terrestrial organic matter was abundant. So the Yacheng Salient of the central uplift zone is the most favorable area for the development of source rocks, followed by the central depression zone. During the sedimentary period of the Lingshui Formation, the organic matter input was sufficient in the central depression zone due to multiple sources of sediments. The semi-enclosed environment was favorable for organic matter accumulation, so high quality source rocks could be easily formed in this area, followed by the Yacheng salient of central uplift zone. Source rocks were less developed in the northern depression zone owing to poor preservation conditions,

关键词： Hydrocarbon generation potential paleoproductivity preservation conditions hydrodynamicconditions redox conditions Oligocene source rocks Qiongdongnan Basin northern South China Sea

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Dynamic Systems of Petroleum Accumulation in the Nanpu Depression,Bohai Bay Basin,China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2010年第5期84卷 1273-1285页

作者： LIU Guangdi SUN Mingliang zhang zhihuan DONG Yuexia State Key Laboratory for Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 Jidong Oil Company Petrochina Tangshan Hebei Province 063004

It is significant to distinguish the dynamic systems of petroleum accumulation （DSPA） for the understanding of petroleum accumulation and distribution. According to the formation pressure framework, genetic types of petroleum and characteristics of conduit systems, three dynamic systems of petroleum accumulation were identified in the vertical profile in the Nanpu depression, Bohai Bay basin. The deeper DSPA （including formations Es3 to Es2） is a sealed system with high-overpressure and high-mature self-sourced oil. Most of the crude oil in the system accumulated in the periods of late Oligocene （23.5 Ma） and late Pliocene （2.4 Ma）. The middle DSPA （including formations Es~ to Edl） is an overpressured half-sealed system with mature or lower-mature self-sourced oil. The accumulation of oil in the system also occurred in the late Oligocene （23.5 Ma） and late Pliocene （2.4 Ma）. The shallower DSPA （including formations Ed2 to Q） is a hydrostatic system with lower-mature aliensourced oil from the middle system. Oil within this system accumulated only in the late Pliocene period. The oil in the shallower system migrated vertically along the faults from the formerly accumulated oil in the middle system by lateral migration along the sandbodies, whereas petroleum accumulation in the deeper system was mainly derived from the system itself by lateral migration along the sandbodies and rarely migrated out of the system. In this case, it seems that the deeper system is a more potential exploration prospect in addition to the other two proved favorable systems.

关键词： dynamic system of petroleum accumulation genetic types of petroleum pressureframework accumulation process Nanpu depression

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High molecular weight (C_(35)^+) n-alkanes of high-waxy condensate and its source kitchen orientation in the Qianmiqiao burial-hill zone, Bohai Gulf Basin

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Science China Earth Sciences 2004年第3期47卷 255-264页

作者： WANG Tieguan ZHU Dan LU Hong zhang zhihuan SU Junqing LIAO Qianjin Key Laboratory of Petroleum Accumulation Mechanism of the Ministry of Education University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China Geological Research Institute Dagang Oilfield(Group)Co.Ltd.Tianjin 300280China

The high-waxy condensate in the Qianmiqiao Ordovician burial-hill zone, Bohai Gulf Basin, North China has been investigated by way of high temperature gas chromatography. As high-mature oil, its high molecular weight wax fraction is mainly composed of C35—C69 n-alkanes with CPI37—55 values of 0.94—1.10. On conditions that core-drilling of source rocks was limited and the exact location of source kitchen is still uncertain in the region, it is inferred that the ori-entation of main source kitchen for the condensate should be on the east of the burial-hill zone, i.e. from the direction of Qikou Sag, according to oil-oil correlation between the condensate and surrounding high-waxy oils as well as lateral distribution of the wax content of crude oils. In addi-tion, it is also further confirmed that the oil filling direction for this condensate reservoir is from NE to SW, i.e. from wells BS-4, through BS-7, to BS-8 based on the analyses of 9 maturity and 3 pyrrolic N-compound parameters.

关键词： Qianmiqiao burial-hill high temperature gas chromatography (HTGC) high-waxy condensate high molecular weight (HMW) n-alkanes.

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Identification of acephenanthrylene and aceanthrylene in aerosol and its environmental implication

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第6期53卷 890-894页

作者： SHI Quan WANG TieGuan ZHONG NingNing zhang zhihuan zhang YaHe State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing China University of Petroleum Beijing 102200 China State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource And Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing 102200 China

Acephenanthrylene and aceanthrylene in aromatic fraction of aerosols were identified by means of online hydrogenation gas chromatography mass spectrometry(GCMS). Compared aerosols from vari- ous sources, acephenanthrylene and aceanthrylene were ubiquitously present in urban aerosol. High concentration of acephenanthrylene and aceanthrylene were found in agricultural biomass and coal combustion particles. However, it is difficult to detect in exhaust from gasoline and diesel engine, dustfall, waste water, soil, and sediment. Combustion emissions were considered the major source of acephenanthrylene and aceanthrylene, which can be used as a potential molecular marker for the source pollution in urban aerosols.

关键词：大气污染悬浮微粒污染源气相色谱质谱法

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Geochemistry and geological significance of the Upper Paleozoic and Mesozoic source rocks in the Lower Yangtze region

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2012年第3期31卷 315-322页

作者： HUANG Yanran zhang zhihuan WU Liyuan ZANG Chunjuan LI Qiong State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China Hunan Provmce Key Laboratory of Coal Resources Clean-utilization and Mine Environment Protection Hunan University of Science and TechnologyXiangtan 411201China Sinopec East China Company Nanjing 210011China

The Lower Yangtze region is one of the important marine sedimentation areas of oil and gas distribution in southern China,for its favorable source rocks,reservoirs and ***,the intense tectonic movements and complex hydrocarbon generation process made it highly impossible to form large-sized oil and gas *** it was divided to different hydrocarbon-bearing preservation units in oil-gas *** study shows that the Permian and Lower Triassic source rocks in the Lower Yangtze region are complicated in *** hydrocarbon generation potential of limestone there is low while argillaceous source rocks are overall of high abundance with excellent organic types,now in the process of hydrocarbon generation,so differences in high maturity influence the evaluation of organic matter abundance and *** characteristics indicate a reductive environment.n-alkanes are marked by a single peak,with no odd-even *** composition and distribution of the carbon numbers of n-alkanes,and the high abundance of long-chain tricyclic terpanes are indicative of marine *** high contents of pregnane,homopregnane,rearranged hopane suggest that the source rocks are of high *** is a good linear correlation between methylphenanthrene index and vitrinite *** correlation of oil-source rocks indicated that the oil of Well HT-3 may come from the Permian Longtan Formation in the Huangqiao area,the oil of Wells Rong-2 and Juping-1 came from the Lower Triassic Qinglong Formation in the Jurong *** exploration here is promising in those different source rocks which all have great potential in hy-drocarbon generating,and oil and gas were produced in the late stage of hydrocarbon generation.

关键词：长江中下游地区烃源岩地球化学特征地质意义上古生界中生界有机质丰度天然气生产

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