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State of the Art on Deep Learning-enhanced Rendering Methods

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Machine Intelligence Research 2023年第6期20卷 799-821页

作者： Qi Wang zhihua zhong Yuchi Huo Hujun Bao Rui Wang State Key Laboratory of CAD&CG Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China Zhejiang Laboratory Hangzhou311121China

Photorealistic rendering of the virtual world is an important and classic problem in the field of computer graphics.With the development of GPU hardware and continuous research on computer graphics,representing and rendering virtual scenes has become easier and more efficient.However,there are still unresolved challenges in efficiently rendering global illumination effects.At the same time,machine learning and computer vision provide real-world image analysis and synthesis methods,which can be exploited by computer graphics rendering pipelines.Deep learning-enhanced rendering combines techniques from deep learning and computer vision into the traditional graphics rendering pipeline to enhance existing rasterization or Monte Carlo integration renderers.This state-of-the-art report summarizes recent studies of deep learning-enhanced rendering in the computer graphics community.Specifically,we focus on works of renderers represented using neural networks,whether the scene is represented by neural networks or traditional scene files.These works are either for general scenes or specific scenes,which are differentiated by the need to retrain the network for new scenes.

关键词： Neural rendering computer graphics scene representation rendering post-processing

Preface for Robust and Certifiable Perception System for Intelligent Vehicle

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Automotive Innovation 2022年第3期5卷 221-222页

作者： Guang Chen Alois Knoll zhihua zhong School of Automotive Studies and Department of Computer Science Tongji UniversityShanghaiChina 不详

The perception system is one of the most important parts of intelligent vehicles and has developed rapidly in recent years.Accuracy,efficiency,and robustness of perception algorithms like object detection and scene parsing have been greatly improved.However,developing a robust and certifiable perception system is still challenging.Most perception systems can only work in relatively simple traffic scenarios,such as highways or closed environments,and would possibly fail in extreme conditions with the presence of extreme amounts of outliers due to false detection or sensor malfunction.

关键词： extreme false perception

Design and experimental validation of event-triggered multi-vehicle cooperation in conflicting scenarios

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2022年第11期23卷 1700-1713页

作者： Zhanyi HU Yingjun QIAO Xingyu LI Jin HUANG Yifan JIA zhihua zhong School of Vehicle and Mobility Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Chinese Academy of Engineering Beijng 100088China MOE Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

Platoon control is widely studied for coordinating connected and automated vehicles(CAVs)on highways due to its potential for improving traffic throughput and road safety.Inspired by platoon control,the cooperation of multiple CAVs in conflicting scenarios can be greatly simplified by virtual platooning.Vehicle-to-vehicle communication is an essential ingredient in virtual platoon systems.Massive data transmission with limited communication resources incurs inevitable imperfections such as transmission delay and dropped packets.As a result,unnecessary transmission needs to be avoided to establish a reliable wireless network.To this end,an event-triggered robust control method is developed to reduce the use of communication resources while ensuring the stability of the virtual platoon system with time-varying uncertainty.The uniform boundedness,uniform ultimate boundedness,and string stability of the closed-loop system are analytically proved.As for the triggering condition,the uncertainty of the boundary information is considered,so that the threshold can be estimated more reasonably.Simulation and experimental results verify that the proposed method can greatly reduce data transmission while creating multi-vehicle cooperation.The threshold affects the tracking ability and communication burden,and hence an optimization framework for choosing the threshold is worth exploring in future research.

关键词： Connected and automated vehicles Event-triggered control Nonlinear and uncertain dynamics Conflicting scenarios

In-situ carbonizing of coal pitch on the surface of silica sphere as quasi-graphitized carbon stationary phase for liquid chromatography

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2023年第7期34卷 219-221页

作者： Sen Xu zhihua zhong Yu Wang Lingyi Zhang Weibing Zhang Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry School of Chemistry&Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology.Shanghai200237China

A novel chromatography stationary phase with a quasi-graphitized carbon modified shell has been developed. Coal pitch was directly carbonized on the surface of porous silica with in-situ carbonization. The carbonized coal pitch coating exhibits some degree of graphitization with a 78 nm-thick layer on the surface of silica and a 0.5 nm-thick layer on the inner surface of the mesopores. Based on the special structure of the graphitized carbon coating, the novel stationary phase can provide multiple interactions such as hydrophobic interaction, π-π interaction and dipole-dipole interaction. The novel composite material exhibited unique separation selectivity and excellent separation efficiency for polar compounds, including imidazoles, nucleosides and pesticides. Besides, the packed column also exhibited great repeatability with the RSDs of the retention time of nucleosides between 0.07%-0.50%(n = 5). Finally, satisfied result was achieved in the separation of fullerenes on the new column, suggesting the great potential in the industrial-scale purification of fullerenes.

关键词： Graphitized carbon Coal pitch High performance liquid chromatography Chromatographic separation Fullerenes

Characterization and spatial analysis of coseismic landslides triggered by the Luding Ms 6.8 earthquake in the Xianshuihe fault zone, Southwest China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 160-181页

作者： GUO Changbao LI Caihong YANG zhihua NI Jiawei zhong Ning WANG Meng YAN Yiqiu SONG Deguang ZHANG Yanan ZHANG Xianbing WU Ruian CAO Shichao SHAO Weiwei Institute of Geomechanics Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Active Tectonics and Geological Safety Ministry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100081China Research Center of Neotectonism and Crustal Stability China Geological SurveyBeijing 100081China School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China Sichuan Institute of Geological Survey Chengdu 610081China

On September 5, 2022, a magnitude Ms 6.8 earthquake occurred along the Moxi fault in the southern part of the Xianshuihe fault zone located in the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau,resulting in severe damage and substantial economic loss. In this study, we established a coseismic landslide database triggered by Luding Ms 6.8 earthquake, which includes 4794 landslides with a total area of 46.79 km^(2). The coseismic landslides primarily consisted of medium and small-sized landslides, characterized by shallow surface sliding. Some exhibited characteristics of high-position initiation resulted in the obstruction or partial obstruction of rivers, leading to the formation of dammed lakes. Our research found that the coseismic landslides were predominantly observed on slopes ranging from 30° to 50°, occurring at between 1000 m and 2500 m, with slope aspects varying from 90° to 180°. Landslides were also highly developed in granitic bodies that had experienced structural fracturing and strong-tomoderate weathering. Coseismic landslides concentrated within a 6 km range on both sides of the Xianshuihe and Daduhe fault zones. The area and number of coseismic landslides exhibited a negative correlation with the distance to fault lines, road networks, and river systems, as they were influenced by fault activity, road excavation, and river erosion. The coseismic landslides were mainly distributed in the southeastern region of the epicenter, exhibiting relatively concentrated patterns within the IX-degree zones such as Moxi Town, Wandong River basin, Detuo Town to Wanggangping Township. Our research findings provide important data on the coseismic landslides triggered by the Luding Ms 6.8 earthquake and reveal the spatial distribution patterns of these landslides. These findings can serve as important references for risk mitigation, reconstruction planning, and regional earthquake disaster research in the earthquake-affected area.

关键词： Luding earthquake Coseismic landslides Remote sensing interpretation Spatial distribution Xianshuihe fault Earthquake fault

Hierarchical Cooperative Control of Connected Vehicles:From Heterogeneous Parameters to Heterogeneous Structures

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2022年第9期9卷 1590-1602页

作者： Manjiang Hu Lingkun Bu Yougang Bian Hongmao Qin Ning Sun Dongpu Cao zhihua zhong the State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China Wuxi Intelligent Control Research Institute Hunan UniversityWuxi 214115China the School of Vehicle and Mobility Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

As one of the typical applications of connected vehicles(CVs),the vehicle platoon control technique has been proven to have the advantages of reducing emissions,improving traffic throughout and driving safety.In this paper,a unified hierarchical framework is designed for cooperative control of CVs with both heterogeneous model parameters and structures.By separating neighboring information interaction from local dynamics control,the proposed framework is designed to contain an upper-level observing layer and a lower-level tracking control layer,which helps address the heterogeneity in vehicle parameters and structures.Within the proposed framework,an observer is designed for following vehicles to observe the leading vehicle's states using neighboring communication,while a tracking controller is designed to track the observed leading vehicle using local feedback control.Closed-loop stability in the absence and presence of communication time delay is analyzed,and the observer is further extended to a finite time convergent one to address string stability under general communication topology.Numerical simulation and field experiment verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： Communication delay connected vehicle(CV) heterogeneity string stability vehicle platoon

A Probabilistic Architecture of Long-Term Vehicle Trajectory Prediction for Autonomous Driving

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Engineering 2022年第12期19卷 228-239页

作者： Jinxin Liu Yugong Luo zhihua zhong Keqiang Li Heye Huang Hui Xiong State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

In mixed and dynamic traffic environments,accurate long-term trajectory forecasting of surrounding vehicles is one of the indispensable preconditions for autonomous vehicles to accomplish reasonable behavioral decisions and guarantee driving safety.In this paper,we propose an integrated probabilistic architecture for long-term vehicle trajectory prediction,which consists of a driving inference model(DIM)and a trajectory prediction model(TPM).The DIM is designed and employed to accurately infer the potential driving intention based on a dynamic Bayesian network.The proposed DIM incorporates the basic traffic rules and multivariate vehicle motion information.To further improve the prediction accuracy and realize uncertainty estimation,we develop a Gaussian process-based TPM,considering both the short-term prediction results of the vehicle model and the driving motion characteristics.Afterward,the effectiveness of our novel approach is demonstrated by conducting experiments on a public naturalistic driving dataset under lane-changing scenarios.The superior performance on the task of long-term trajectory prediction is presented and verified by comparing with other advanced methods.

关键词： Autonomous driving Dynamic Bayesian network Driving intention recognition Gaussian process Vehicle trajectory prediction

Explicit–Implicit Co-Simulation Techniques for Dynamic Responses of a Passenger Car on Arbitrary Road Surfaces

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Engineering 2019年第6期5卷 1171-1178页

作者： Hongzhou Hu zhihua zhong State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

To study the durability of a passenger car, this work investigates numerical simulation techniques. The investigations are based on an explicit implicit approach in which substructure techniques are used to reduce the simulation time, allowing full vehicle dynamic analyses to be performed on a timescale that is dif cult or impossible with the conventional nite element model (FEM). The model used here includes all necessary nonlinearities in order to maintain accuracy. All key components of the car structure are modeled with deformable materials. Tire road interactions are modeled in the explicit package with contact-impact interfaces with arbitrary frictional and geometric properties. Key parameters of the responses of the car driven on six different kinds of test road surfaces are examined and compared with experimental values. It can be concluded that the explicit implicit co-simulation techniques used here are ef cient and accurate enough for engineering purposes. This paper also discusses the limitations of the proposed method and outlines possible improvements for future work.

关键词： Durability study Dynamic responses Passenger car Explicit–implicit co-simulation Contact-impact Friction Substructures

Design and Occupant-Protection Performance Analysis of a New Tubular Driver Airbag

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Engineering 2018年第2期4卷 127-133页

作者： Huajian Zhou zhihua zhong Manjiang Hu Department of Automotive Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China

An airbag is an effective protective device for vehicle occupant safety, but may cause unexpected injury from the excessive energy of ignition when it is deployed. This paper focuses on the design of a new tubular driver airbag from the perspective of reducing the dosage of gas generant. Three different dummies were selected for computer simulation to investigate the stiffness and protection performance of the new airbag. Next, a multi-objective optimization of the 50th percentile dummy was conducted. The results show that the static volume of the new airbag is only about 1/3 of the volume of an ordinary one, and the injury value of each type of dummy can meet legal requirements while reducing the gas dosage by at least 30%. The combined injury index (Pcomb) decreases by 22% and the gas dosage is reduced by 32% after optimization. This study demonstrates that the new tubular driver airbag has great potential for protection in terms of reducing the gas dosage.

关键词：安全气囊防护装置汽车设计方案