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Effects of gravel on the water absorption characteristics and hydraulic parameters of stony soil

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第7期16卷 895-909页

作者： MA Yan WANG Youqi MA Chengfeng YUAN Cheng bai Yiru Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in Northwest China Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China School of Geography and Planning Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China School of Ecology and Environment Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China

The eastern foothills of the Helan Mountains in China are a typical mountainous region of soil and gravel,where gravel could affect the water movement process in the *** study focused on the effects of different gravel contents on the water absorption characteristics and hydraulic parameters of stony *** stony soil samples were collected from the eastern foothills of the Helan Mountains in April 2023 and used as the experimental materials to conduct a one-dimensional horizontal soil column absorption *** experimental groups with gravel contents of 0%,10%,20%,30%,40%,and 50%were established to determine the saturated hydraulic conductivity(K_(s)),saturated water content(θ_(s)),initial water content(θ_(i)),and retention water content(θ_(r)),and explore the changes in the wetting front depth and cumulative absorption volume during the absorption *** Philip model was used to fit the soil absorption process and determine the soil water absorption *** the length of the characteristic wetting front depth,shape coefficient,empirical parameter,inverse intake suction and soil water suction were derived from the van Genuchten ***,the hydraulic parameters mentioned above were used to fit the soil water characteristic curves,unsaturated hydraulic conductivity(K_(θ))and specific water capacity(C(h)).The results showed that the wetting front depth and cumulative absorption volume of each treatment gradually decreased with increasing gravel *** with control check treatment with gravel content of 0%,soil water absorption rates in the treatments with gravel contents of 10%,20%,30%,40%,and 50%decreased by 11.47%,17.97%,25.24%,29.83%,and 42.45%,*** the gravel content increased,inverse intake suction gradually increased,and shape coefficient,K_(s),θ_(s),andθ_(r)gradually *** the same soil water content,soil water suction and K_(θ)gradually decreased with increasing gravel *** the same soil water s

关键词： stony soil gravel content water absorption characteristics hydraulic parameters one-dimensional horizontal soil column absorption experiment van Genuchten model eastern foothills of Helan Mountains

Unbound^(28)O,the heaviest oxygen isotope observed:a cutting-edge probe for testing nuclear models

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第2期35卷 1-2页

作者： Jian-Guo Li bai-Shan Hu Shuang Zhang Fu-Rong Xu School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and TechnologyPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Southern Center for Nuclear-Science Theory(SCNT) Institute of Modern PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesHuizhou 516000China

The beyond-dripline oxygen isotopes^(27,28)O were recently observed at RIKEN,and were found to be unbound decaying into^(24)O by emitting *** unbound feature of the heaviest oxygen isotope,^(28)O,provides an excellent test for stateof-the-art nuclear *** atomic nucleus is a self-organized quantum manybody system comprising specific numbers of protons Z and neutrons N.

关键词： testing quantum system

On the electric behaviour of conductive grease inside the contact zone

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Friction 2024年第4期12卷 683-697页

作者： Yuxin ZHOU Jinjie LIU Xinming LI He CHONG Bo HAN Qinghua bai SKF(Shanghai)Automotive Technologies Co. Ltd.Shanghai 201814China School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Qingdao University of TechnologyQingdao 266250China

Conductive grease has been considered as a potential solution in addressing electric erosion issue inside motor *** the conductive grease performance,especially the electric and tribological behaviour is crucial for its *** paper combines bulk grease characterization and contact film study considering both electrical and tribological loading *** results show that the electric performance for the selected conductive grease sample is electric field dependent,including both frequency and voltage *** film impedance inside the contact area is closely related to the external electric field,running condition,and lubrication *** following film impedance calculation tells that not only bulk grease electric parameters,but the contact parameter,lubricant film contour and lubrication condition should be considered when performing the overall bearing electrical modelling.

关键词： Electric erosion lubricant conductivity grease film impedance

Advances in sodium-ion batteries at low-temperature: Challenges and strategies

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第3期90卷 518-539,I0012页

作者： Haoran bai Xiaohui Zhu Huaisheng Ao Guangyu He Hai Xiao Yinjuan Chen Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation CenterChangzhou UniversityChangzhou 213164JiangsuChina Department of Chemistry Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

With the continuing boost in the demand for energy storage,there is an increasing requirement for batteries to be capable of operation in extreme environmental ***-ion batteries(SIBs) have emerged as a highly promising energy storage solution due to their promising performance over a wide range of temperatures and the abundance of sodium resources in the earth's *** to lithiumion batteries(LIBs),although sodium ions possess a larger ionic radius,they are more easily desolvated than lithium *** rthermore,SIBs have a smaller Stokes radius than lithium ions,resulting in improved sodium-ion mobility in the ***,SIBs demonstrate a significant decrease in performance at low temperatures(LT),which constrains their operation in harsh weather *** the increasing interest in SIBs,there is a notable scarcity of research focusing specifically on their mechanism under LT *** review explores recent research that considers the thermal tolerance of SIBs from an inner chemistry process perspective,spanning a wide temperature spectrum(-70 to100℃),particularly at LT *** addition,the enhancement of electrochemical performance in LT SIBs is based on improvements in reaction kinetics and cycling stability achieved through the utilization of effective electrode materials and electrolyte ***,the safety concerns associated with SIBs are addressed and effective strategies are proposed for mitigating these ***,prospects conducted to extend the environmental frontiers of commercial SIBs are discussed mainly from three viewpoints including innovations in materials,development and research of relevant theoretical mechanisms,and intelligent safety management system establishment for larger-scale energy storage SIBs.

关键词： Low-temperature Sodium-ion batteries Reaction kinetics Cycle stability Safety concerns of Sodium-ion batteries

Novel soft robotic finger model driven by electrohydrodynamic(EHD)pump

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2024年第7期25卷 596-604页

作者： Xuehang bai Yanhong PENG Dongze LI Zhuochao LIU Zebing MAO Department of Mechanical Automotive and Materials EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of WindsorWindsorN9B 3P4Canada Department of Information and Communication Engineering Graduate School of EngineeringNagoya UniversityNagoya464-8601Japan Department of Intelligent Science and Technology College of Computer Science and TechnologyQingdao UniversityQingdao266071China Design and Research Institute of University of Science and Technology Beijing Co.Ltd. Beijing100083China Faculty of Engineering Yamaguchi UniversityYamaguchi755-8611Japan

1Introduction In the field of robotic-human interactions,soft robotics offers enhanced safety and adaptability.A major challenge in this area is the integration of soft actuators with pump systems,which often increases the system volume and *** study presents the development and testing of a robotic finger powered by electrohydrodynamic(EHD)*** leveraging the electric field-induced flow of dielectric fluids.

关键词： robotic complexity. pump

Single-shot non-line-of-sight imaging based on chromato-axial differential correlography

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Photonics Research 2024年第1期12卷 106-114页

作者： LINGFENG LIU SHUO ZHU WENJUN ZHANG LIANFA bai ENLAI GUO JING HAN Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging and Intelligent Sense Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China

Non-line-of-sight(NLOS)imaging is a challenging task aimed at reconstructing objects outside the direct view of the ***,traditional NLOS imaging methods typically rely on intricate and costly equipment to scan and sample the hidden *** methods often suffer from restricted imaging resolution and require high system ***,we propose a single-shot high-resolution NLOS imaging method via chromato-axial differential correlography,which adopts low-cost continuous-wave lasers and a conventional *** leveraging the uncorrelated laser speckle patterns along the chromato-axis,this method can reconstruct hidden objects of diverse complexity using only one exposure *** achieved background stability through singleshot acquisition,along with the inherent information redundancy in the chromato-axial differential speckles,enhances the robustness of the system against vibration and colored stain *** approach overcomes the limitations of conventional methods by simplifying the sampling process,improving system stability,and achieving enhanced imaging resolution using available *** work serves as a valuable reference for the real-time development and practical implementation of NLOS imaging.

关键词： axial speckle overcome

Observing eddy dye patches induced by shear instabilities in the surf zone on a plane beach

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第3期43卷 15-29页

作者： Chunping Ren Nannan Fu Chong Yu Yuchuan bai Kezhao Fang State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China College of Water Resource Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China

The effects of surf zone eddy generated by alongshore currents on the deformation and transport of dye are still poorly understood,and related tracer release experiments are ***,a tracer release laboratory experiment was conducted under monochromatic,unidirectional incident waves with a large incident angle(30°)on a plane beach with a 1:100 slope in a large wave basin.A charge-coupled device suspended above the basin recorded the dye patch *** evolution of eddy dye patch was observed and the transport and diffusion were analyzed based on the collected ***,a linear instability numerical model was adopted to calculate the perturbation velocity field at the initial *** observation and image processing results show that surf zone eddy patches occurred and were separated from the original dye *** numerical analysis results demonstrate that the structure of the perturbation velocity field is consistent with the experimental observations,and that the ejection of eddy patches shoreward or offshore may be ascribed to the double vortex.

关键词： surf zone tracer release experiment evolution of eddy patch shear instability of alongshore currents

Hydrodynamic analysis of carbon nanotube clusters in distributor-less conical fluidized beds with step-by-step scaling

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第3期67卷 117-125页

作者： Tianle Zhang Wenjuan bai Qianpeng Dong Dianming Chu Lianlian Wang Yan He Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Preparation and Application of High-performance Carbon-Materials College of Electromechanical EngineeringQingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266061China Shandong Dazhan Nano Materials Co. Ltd.Binzhou 256220China

As a high-performance material with great application potential,the application of carbon nanotubes has been limited by their production volume.A distributor-less conical fluidized bed is the main equipment used in the industrial production of carbon *** improve the production volume and product quality of carbon nanotubes,the study of fluidized-bed-diameter scaling is *** different diameters of distributor-less conical fluidized beds were established,and then the particle behavior and bubble characteristics of carbon nanotube clusters at these bed diameters were ***-series and wavelet analysis methods were used to analyze the pressure-fluctuation signals inside the fluidized *** showed that the distributor-less design caused the airflow to break through the middle of the bed,which did not change with the change in bed *** powder-bridging phenomenon of carbon nanotube clusters in a 100-mm-diameter fluidized bed was related to the special microstructure of carbon nanotube *** frequency of pressure fluctuations in the bed decreased nonlinearly with increasing bed *** study can guide the design and scale-up of distributor-less conical fluidized beds,especially for the scale-up of carbon nanotube production equipment,which can contribute to the improvement of carbon nanotubes’capacity and quality in industrial production.

关键词： Carbon nanotubes Fluidized bed Multiphase flow Scale-up Multiscale

Two diversities meet in the rhizosphere:root specialized metabolites and microbiome

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第5期51卷 467-478页

作者： Xiaochen Wang Jingying Zhang Xinjun Lu Yang bai Guodong Wang State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyThe Innovative Academy of Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China CAS-JIC Centre of Excellence for Plant and Microbial Science Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory SanyaHainan 572025China College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Plants serve as rich repositories of diverse chemical compounds collectively referred to as specialized *** compounds are of importance for adaptive processes,including interactions with various microbes both beneficial and *** microbes as bioreactors,the chemical diversity undergoes dynamic changes when root-derived specialized metabolites(RSMs)and microbes encounter each other in the *** advancements in sequencing techniques and molecular biology tools have not only accelerated the elucidation of biosynthetic pathways of RSMs but also unveiled the significance of RSMs in plant-microbe *** this review,we provide a comprehensive description of the effects of RSMs on microbe assembly in the rhizosphere and the influence of corresponding microbial changes on plant health,incorporating the most up-to-date information ***,we highlight open questions that remain for a deeper understanding of and harnessing the potential of RSM-microbe interactions to enhance plant adaptation to the ***,we propose a pipeline for investigating the intricate associations between root exometabolites and the rhizomicrobiome.

关键词： Root specialized metabolites Microbiome Plant-microbe interactions Rhizosphere Diversity