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C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 pathway as a therapeutic target and regulatory mechanism for spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2231-2244页

作者： Xiangzi wang Xiaofei niu yingkai wang yang Liu Cheng yang Xuyi Chen Zhongquan Qi School of Medicine Guangxi UniversityNanningGuangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina Graduate School of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine TianjinChina Characteristic Medical Center of People’s Armed Police Forces TianjinChina Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital FuzhouFujian ProvinceChina

Spinal cord injury involves non-reversible damage to the central nervous system that is characterized by limited regenerative capacity and secondary inflammatory *** expression of the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 axis exhibits significant differences before and after *** studies have revealed that the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 axis is closely associated with secondary inflammatory responses and the recruitment of immune cells following spinal cord injury,suggesting that this axis is a novel target and regulatory control point for *** review comprehensively examines the therapeutic strategies targeting the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 axis,along with the regenerative and repair mechanisms linking the axis to spinal cord ***,we summarize the upstream and downstream inflammatory signaling pathways associated with spinal cord injury and the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 *** review primarily elaborates on therapeutic strategies that target the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 axis and the latest progress of research on antagonistic drugs,along with the approaches used to exploit new therapeutic targets within the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 axis and the development of targeted ***,there are presently no clinical studies relating to spinal cord injury that are focusing on the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 *** review aims to provide new ideas and therapeutic strategies for the future treatment of spinal cord injury.

关键词： apoptosis C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 pathway C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 antagonists chemokine ligand 2 chemokine receptor 2 inflammation macrophage microglia spinal cord injury therapeutic method

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in Alzheimer’s disease:effects on neural and synaptic rehabilitation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 326-342页

作者： yi Ji Chaoyi yang Xuerui Pang yibing Yan Yue Wu zhi Geng Wenjie Hu Panpan Hu Xingqi Wu Kai wang Department of Neurology The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders HefeiAnhui ProvinceChina Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health HefeiAnhui ProvinceChina Institute of Artificial Intelligence Hefei Comprehensive National Science CenterHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina Department of Psychology and Sleep Medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina

Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease resulting from deficits in synaptic transmission and *** Alzheimer’s disease brain tends to be hyperexcitable and hypersynchronized,thereby causing neurodegeneration and ultimately disrupting the operational abilities in daily life,leaving patients *** transcranial magnetic stimulation is a cost-effective,neuro-modulatory technique used for multiple neurological *** the past two decades,it has been widely used to predict cognitive decline;identify pathophysiological markers;promote neuroplasticity;and assess brain excitability,plasticity,and *** has also been applied to patients with dementia,because it can yield facilitatory effects on cognition and promote brain recovery after a neurological ***,its therapeutic effectiveness at the molecular and synaptic levels has not been elucidated because of a limited number of *** study aimed to characterize the neurobiological changes following repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment,evaluate its effects on synaptic plasticity,and identify the associated *** review essentially focuses on changes in the pathology,amyloidogenesis,and clearance pathways,given that amyloid deposition is a major hypothesis in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s *** mechanisms associated with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation procedures and different pathways mediating gene transcription,which are closely related to the neural regeneration process,are also ***,we discuss the outcomes of animal studies in which neuroplasticity is modulated and assessed at the structural and functional levels by using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,with the aim to highlight future directions for better clinical translations.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease amyloid deposition apoptotic mechanisms biomarker neural regeneration neurodegeneration repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation synaptic plasticity

The detection, extraction and parameter estimation of extreme-mass-ratio inspirals with deep learning

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 86-96页

作者： Qianyun Yun Wen-Biao Han yi-yang Guo He wang Minghui Du Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Taiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou Center for Theoretical Physics Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics of Gansu Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Theory and Applications of MoE Lanzhou University Institute of Theoretical Physics & Research Center of Gravitation Lanzhou University International Centre for Theoretical Physics Asia-Pacific (ICTP-AP) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS) Center for Gravitational Wave Experiment National Microgravity Laboratory Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences

One of the primary goals of space-borne gravitational wave detectors is to detect and analyze extreme-mass-ratio inspirals(EMRIs). This task is particularly challenging because EMRI signals are complex, lengthy, and faint. In this work, we introduce a2-layer convolutional neural network(CNN) approach to detect EMRI signals for space-borne detectors, achieving a true positive rate(TPR) of 96.9% at a 1% false positive rate(FPR) for signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) from 50 to 100. Especially, the key intrinsic parameters of EMRIs such as the mass, spin of the supermassive black hole(SMBH) and the initial eccentricity of the orbit can also be inferred directly by employing a neural network. The mass and spin of the SMBH can be determined at 99% and 92% respectively. This will greatly reduce the parameter spaces and computing cost for the following Bayesian parameter *** model also has a low dependency on the accuracy of the waveform model. This study underscores the potential of deep learning methods in EMRI data analysis, enabling the rapid detection of EMRI signals and efficient parameter estimation.

关键词： gravitational wave EMRIs deep-learing

Maintaining moderate levels of hypochlorous acid promotes neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation in the recovery phase of stroke

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 845-857页

作者： lin-Yan Huang yi-De Zhang Jie Chen Hai-Di Fan Wan wang bin wang Ju-Yun Ma Peng-Peng Li Hai-Wei Pu Xin-yian Guo Jian-Gang Shen Su-Hua Qi School of Medical Technology Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Laboratory DiagnosticsXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina School of Pharmacy Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Laboratory Medicine Branch Hospital of Huai’an First People’s HospitalHuai’anJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Laboratory Medicine the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina School of Chinese Medicine The University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

It has been shown clinically that continuous removal of ischemia/reperfusion-induced reactive oxygen species is not conducive to the recovery of late ***,previous studies have shown that excessive increases in hypochlorous acid after stroke can cause severe damage to brain *** previous studies have found that a small amount of hypochlorous acid still exists in the later stage of stroke,but its specific role and mechanism are currently *** simulate stroke in vivo,a middle cerebral artery occlusion rat model was established,with an oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation model established in vitro to mimic *** found that in the early stage(within 24 hours)of ischemic stroke,neutrophils produced a large amount of hypochlorous acid,while in the recovery phase(10 days after stroke),microglia were activated and produced a small amount of hypochlorous ***,in acute stroke in rats,hypochlorous acid production was prevented using a hypochlorous acid scavenger,taurine,or myeloperoxidase inhibitor,4-aminobenzoic acid *** results showed that high levels of hypochlorous acid(200μM)induced neuronal apoptosis after oxygen/glucose deprivation/***,in the recovery phase of the middle cerebral artery occlusion model,a moderate level of hypochlorous acid promoted the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells into neurons and *** suggests that hypochlorous acid plays different roles at different phases of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion *** levels of hypochlorous acid(5 and 100μM)promoted nuclear translocation ofβ-*** transfection of single-site mutation plasmids,we found that hypochlorous acid induced chlorination of theβ-catenin tyrosine 30 residue,which promoted nuclear ***,our study indicates that maintaining low levels of hypochlorous acid plays a key role in the recovery of neurological function.

关键词： cell differentiation cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury chlorination hypochlorous acid microglia neural stem cell neurogenesis nuclear translocation stroke β-catenin

Weak KAM theory for two classes of almost periodic Hamiltonian systems

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Science China Mathematics 2025年

作者： Xun niu Kaizhi wang Yong Li School of Mathematics and Statistics Center for Mathematics and Interdisciplinary SciencesNortheast Normal University School of Mathematical Sciences Shanghai Frontier Science Center of Modern Analysis (CMA-Shanghai)Shanghai Jiao Tong University Institute of Mathematics Jilin University

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the dynamics of Bohr almost periodic and Levitan almost periodic Hamiltonian systems via the weak KAM theory. We obtain minimal measures and weak KAM solutions in both cases. The weak KAM solution is a weak solution to the Hamilton-Jacobi equation, which formally transforms the original Hamiltonian systems into an integrable one. Consequently, we get the existence of an invariant torus in the aforementioned weak sense.

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Malicious Document Detection Based on GGE Visualization

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 1233-1254页

作者： Youhe wang yi Sun Yujie Li Chuanqi Zhou Henan Province Key Laboratory of Information Security Information Engineering UniversityZhengzhou450000China

With the development of anti-virus technology,malicious documents have gradually become the main pathway of Advanced Persistent Threat(APT)attacks,therefore,the development of effective malicious document classifiers has become particularly ***,detection methods based on document structure and behavioral features encounter challenges in feature engineering,these methods not only have limited accuracy,but also consume large resources,and usually can only detect documents in specific formats,which lacks versatility and *** address such problems,this paper proposes a novel malicious document detection method-visualizing documents as GGE images(Grayscale,Grayscale matrix,Entropy).The GGE method visualizes the original byte sequence of the malicious document as a grayscale image,the information entropy sequence of the document as an entropy image,and at the same time,the grayscale level co-occurrence matrix and the texture and spatial information stored in it are converted into grayscale matrix image,and fuses the three types of images to get the GGE color *** Convolutional Block Attention Module-EfficientNet-B0(CBAM-EfficientNet-B0)model is then used for classification,combining transfer learning and applying the pre-trained model on the ImageNet dataset to the feature extraction process of GGE *** shown in the experimental results,the GGE method has superior performance compared with other methods,which is suitable for detecting malicious documents in different formats,and achieves an accuracy of 99.44%and 97.39%on Portable Document Format(PDF)and office datasets,respectively,and consumes less time during the detection process,which can be effectively applied to the task of detecting malicious documents in real-time.

关键词： Malicious document visualization EfficientNet-B0 convolutional block attention module GGE image

Metabolic reprogramming: a new option for the treatment of spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1042-1057页

作者： Jiangjie Chen Jinyang Chen Chao Yu Kaishun Xia Biao yang Ronghao wang yi Li Kesi Shi Yuang Zhang Haibin Xu Xuesong Zhang Jingkai wang Qixin Chen Chengzhen Liang Department of Orthopedics The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province HangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province HangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Qiandongnan Prefecture People’s Hospital KailiGuizhou ProvinceChina Department of Orthopedics Fourth Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina

Spinal cord injuries impose a notably economic burden on society,mainly because of the severe after-effects they *** the ongoing development of various therapies for spinal cord injuries,their effectiveness remains ***,a deeper understanding of metabolism has opened up a new therapeutic opportunity in the form of metabolic *** this review,we explore the metabolic changes that occur during spinal cord injuries,their consequences,and the therapeutic tools available for metabolic *** spinal cord metabolism is characterized by independent cellular metabolism and intercellular metabolic ***,spinal cord injury results in metabolic disorders that include disturbances in glucose metabolism,lipid metabolism,and mitochondrial *** metabolic disturbances lead to corresponding pathological changes,including the failure of axonal regeneration,the accumulation of scarring,and the activation of *** rescue spinal cord injury at the metabolic level,potential metabolic reprogramming approaches have emerged,including replenishing metabolic substrates,reconstituting metabolic couplings,and targeting mitochondrial therapies to alter cell *** available evidence suggests that metabolic reprogramming holds great promise as a next-generation approach for the treatment of spinal cord *** further advance the metabolic treatment of the spinal cord injury,future efforts should focus on a deeper understanding of neurometabolism,the development of more advanced metabolomics technologies,and the design of highly effective metabolic interventions.

关键词： axons glycolysis metabolic reprogramming metabolism mitochondria neural regeneration neuroprotection oxidative phosphorylation spinal cord injury therapy

2D free-standing ultra-large ferromagnetic nanosheets via a topotactic transformation strategy

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Haofeng Sun Minghao wang Wenjie Li yang Liu Xinyu Sun Wenjie wang Yuqiao Guo yi Xie changzheng Wu Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry University of Science&Technology of China National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory University of Science and Technology of China

Considerable progress has been made in synthesizing two-dimensional （2D） materials by exfoliating layered ***,for tremendous non-layered inorganic materials,especially magnet solids,usually with closely packed bulk phases by strong chemical bonds,it is challenging to obtain their high-quality 2D ***,we highlighted a new structure of free-standing ferromagnetic nanosheets featuring （111） *** magnet,Fe3O4,its inversed spinel crystalline has limited abilities to exfoliate into 2D forms and rarely exists as free-standing nanosheets owing to aggregation induced by magnetic *** realized a breakthrough in achieving free-standing ferromagnetic nanosheets with dramatically surpassing size limitations via topotactic conversion from layered *** Fe3O4nanosheets exhibited a maximum width of 60μm while only～4 nm thick,prominently exposing （111） facets.2D Fe3O4behaved anisotropic magnetism,which displayed a 4.6 emu g-1moment（H=500 Oe） in the （111） plane but 2.1 emu g-1out of the （111） plane,indicating a （111） in-plane easy *** anticipated our topotactic conversion strategy would inspire the creation of 2D non-layered materials and enrich the 2D materials family.

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Small modifications of endo-functionalized cavities lead to large changes in molecular interaction in water

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期 369-376页

作者： Song-Meng wang Hao Nian Yan-Fang wang Li-Shuo Zheng Yu-Tao Zheng yi-Wei Dong Liping Huang Xiaoping wang Wei Jiang Liu-Pan yang Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal ResourcesGuangxi Normal University School of Pharmaceutical Science Hengyang Medical School University of South China

Studying molecular recognition in aqueous environments is crucial for understanding biological processes. Herein, we present a series of N-doped endo-functionalized anthracene-based cavities by introducing inward-directed pyridine units. The subtle modifications can significantly affect the binding properties of these receptors, which is similar to the mutations in biological systems. Combining theoretical calculations and molecular recognition experiments demonstrated that these “mutations” have an impact on the hydrophobicity and charge distribution of the hosts, consequently significantly influencing molecular *** is crucial for understanding the intricate mechanisms of molecular-level interactions in biological receptors.

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