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Historical biogeography and evolutionary diversification of Lilium(Liliaceae): New insights from plastome phylogenomics

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Plant Diversity 2024年第2期46卷 219-228页

作者： Nian Zhou Ke Miao Changkun liu Linbo Jia Jinjin Hu Yongjiang Huang Yunheng Ji CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650201China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education College of Life SciencesSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610065China Yunnan Key Laboratory for Integrative Conservation of Plant Species with Extremely Small Population Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650201China

Here, we infer the historical biogeography and evolutionary diversification of the genus Lilium. For this purpose, we used the complete plastomes of 64 currently accepted species in the genus Lilium(14plastomes were newly sequenced) to recover the phylogenetic backbone of the genus and a timecalibrated phylogenetic framework to estimate biogeographical history scenarios and evolutionary diversification rates of Lilium. Our results suggest that ancient climatic changes and geological tectonic activities jointly shaped the distribution range and drove evolutionary radiation of Lilium, including the Middle Miocene Climate Optimum(MMCO), the late Miocene global cooling, as well as the successive uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP) and the strengthening of the monsoon climate in East Asia during the late Miocene and the Pliocene. This case study suggests that the unique geological and climatic events in the Neogene of East Asia, in particular the uplift of QTP and the enhancement of monsoonal climate, may have played an essential role in formation of uneven distribution of plant diversity in the Northern Hemisphere.

关键词： Asian monsoon Climatic changes Distribution range Evolutionary complexity Radiative diversification Species diversity Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP)

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Structural Dependence Learning Based on Self-attention for Face Alignment

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第3期21卷 514-525页

作者： Biying Li zhiwei liu Wei Zhou Haiyun Guo Xin Wen Min Huang Jinqiao Wang Foundation Model Research Center Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100083China Alpha(Beijing)Private Equity Beijing100083China School of Computer Science National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha410073China

Self-attention aggregates similar feature information to enhance the features. However, the attention covers nonface areas in face alignment, which may be disturbed in challenging cases, such as occlusions, and fails to predict landmarks. In addition, the learned feature similarity variance is not large enough in the experiment. To this end, we propose structural dependence learning based on self-attention for face alignment (SSFA). It limits the self-attention learning to the facial range and adaptively builds the significant landmark structure dependency. Compared with other state-of-the-art methods, SSFA effectively improves the performance on several standard facial landmark detection benchmarks and adapts more in challenging cases.

关键词： Computer vision face alignment self-attention facial structure contextual information

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Biochemistry and transcriptome analysis reveal condensed tannins alleviate liver injury induced by regulating cholesterol metabolism pathway

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第2期13卷 909-919页

作者： Xiangxin Li Yijing Pu Bangdi liu Xiaoming Fang Wenjun Peng Weibo Jiang Wenli Tian Institute of Apicultural Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100093China College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Academy of Agricultural Planning and Engineering Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100125China

Free cholesterol has been considered to be a critical risk factor of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).It remains unknown whether dietary intake of condensed tannins(CTs)have distinguishable effects to alleviate liver damage caused by a high cholesterol *** C57BL/6 mice were fed a high cholesterol diet for 6 weeks,and given CTs treatment at a dosage of 200 mg/(kg·day)at the same *** results indicated that compared with mice fed a normal diet,a high cholesterol diet group resulted in significant weight loss,dysregulation of lipid metabolism in blood and liver,and oxidative stress in the liver,but CTs treatment dramatically reversed these negative *** and eosin(H&E)staining and frozen section observation manifested that CTs treatment could effectively reduce the deposition of liver cholesterol and tissue necrosis caused by high cholesterol *** alleviated liver injury mainly by regulating the expression of related genes in cholesterol metabolism pathway and AMPK *** results confirmed that CTs have remarkable cholesterol lowering and anti-liver injury effects in vivo.

关键词： Condensed tannins High cholesterol Liver injury Antioxidants Transcriptomic analysis

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Inversion method of deflection of the vertical based on SWOT wide-swath altimeter data

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2024年第4期15卷 419-428页

作者： Xin liu Menghao Song Chao Li Guihua Hui Jinyun Guo Yongjun Jia Heping Sun College of Geodesy and Geomatics Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China Weicheng Branch of Natural Resources and Planning Bureau of Weifang City Weifang 261021China National Satellite Ocean Application Service Beijing 100081China State Key Laboratoryof Geodesy and Earth's Dynamics Innovation AcademyforPrecision Measurement Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of ScienceWuhan 420071China

The deflection of the vertical(DOV)is the key information in the study of ocean gravity ***,in most areas,the precision of the prime component of DoV is significantly lower than that of the meridian *** obtain higher accuracy and resolution of ocean gravity information,researchers have proposed a novel altimeter called the wide-swath *** altimeter allows for the simultaneous acquisition of high-precision and high-resolution two-dimensional measurements of sea surface height(SSH).In this paper,the Surface Water and Ocean Topography(SWOT)mission with a wide-swath altimeter on board is selected for *** cycle of swoT sea surface height data is simulated to inverse the DOV in the Arabian Sea(45°E—80°E,0°-30°N),and the inversion results are compared with those of conventional altimeter *** results demonstrate that the difference between the meridian and prime components derived from the inversion of swoT wide-swath data is minimal,significantly outperforming the inversion results of conventional nadir altimeter *** advantage of swoT wide-swath altimeter lies in its ability to use the multi-directional geoid slope at any sea surface measurement point to invert the components in the meridian and prime *** investigate the impact of this advantage on inversion precision,this paper employs a method to calculate the gradient of the geoid in multiple directions to invert DoV *** improvement effect of calculating the gradient of the geoid in multiple directions on the precision of DoV component is *** is found that the accuracy of DoV inversion has significantly improved with the increase of geodetic gradient calculation *** addition,the effects of various errors and grid spacing in SwoT wide sea surface height data on the precision of Dov inversion are also analyzed.

关键词： SWOT Wide-swath altimeter Inversion method of Dov Multi-directional Arabian sea

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Evaluation of neutron cross sections of^(48)Ti based on the Unified-Monte-Carlo-B method

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第7期48卷 118-130页

作者：夏候琼续瑞瑞刘萍 Roberto Capote 田源陶曦吴小飞张玥葛智刚舒能川冯松 China Nuclear Data Center China Institute of Atomic EnergyBeijing 102413China NAPC–Nuclear Data Section P.O.Box 100Vienna International CentreA-1400ViennaAustria School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of South ChinaHengyang 421001China

A cross section evaluation of neutron induced reactions on^(48)Ti is undertaken using the Unified Monte Carlo-B(UMC-B)*** evaluation concentrates on estimating the covariance and the use of the UMC-B allows avoiding the deficiencies of linear regression brought by the traditional least squares *** main neutron and charged particle emission reactions from n+^(48)Ti in the fast neutron energy region below 20 MeV are studied in this *** posterior probability density function(PDF)of each neutron cross section is obtained in a UMC-B Bayesian approach by convoluting the model PDFs sampled based on model parameters and the likelihood functions for the experimental *** model parameters including level density,pair corrections,optical model and Kalbach matrix element parameter are stochastically sampled with the assumption of normal distributions to estimate the model *** Cholesky factorization approach is applied to consider potential parameter ***,the posterior covariance matrices are generated using the UMC-B generated *** new evaluated results are compared with the CENDL-3.2,ENDF/B-VIII.0,JEFF-3.3,TENDL-2021 and JENDL-5 evaluations and differences are discussed.

关键词： covariance Unified Monte Carlo B(UMC-B) ^(48)Ti neutron cross sections Cholesky factor-ization approach

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Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Propane over Supported Nickel Single-Atom Catalyst

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第4期42卷 370-376页

作者： Qian Zhang Xunzhu Jiang Yangyang Li Yuanlong Tan Qike Jiang Xiaoyan liu Botao Qiao CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalianLiaoning116023 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalianLiaoning116023 China

Oxidative dehydrogenation of propane has been an ever-growing field for propylene production due to its exothermic properties,of which overoxidation is the major drawback,with CO and even CO_(2) as undesired *** the purpose of getting higher propylene selectivity as well as yield,herein,we report Ni single atoms supported on calcium aluminate as an efficient catalyst candidate for propane oxidative *** from higher valence states of Ni1 species,it shows 2—3 times as much propylene selectivity as that of Ni *** 14.2%C_(3)H_(6) yield with 47.3%propylene selectivity has been achieved on Ni single atom catalyst and a good stability during 20 h test can be obtained as well.

关键词： Oxidative dehydrogenation/Nickel Single-atom catalysts Propane Propylene selectivity

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Screening of Streptomyces strains helping arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis against pepper(Capsicum annuum L.)Phytophthora blight

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Pedosphere 2024年第2期34卷 438-446页

作者： Xin WANG Yifan liu Baiping HE Minghui LI Xiangui LIN Fuyong WU Junli HU State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsCollege of Natural Resources and EnvironmentNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Mycorrhiza helper bacteria(MHB)can promote the formation and functioning of arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)symbiosis,but their role and application potential in coping with soil-borne diseases are still unclear.A 14-week greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to obtain several actinomycete strains helping AM symbiosis in suppressing the Phytophthora blight of pepper(Capsicum annuum L.),using a soil inoculated with Phytophthora capsici after *** Streptomyces strains,including ***,***,***,***,and ***,as well as the AM fungus(Funneliformis caledonium)were *** Phytophthora blight severity reached 66%at full productive stage in the uninoculated control,and inoculation of ***,***,and *** alone significantly decreased(P<0.05)it to 47%,40%,and 35%,*** to *** alone,additional inoculation of *** or ***,which were isolated from the rhizosphere of a healthy individual in an infected field,significantly elevated(P<0.05)root mycorrhizal colonization,root biomass,fruit yield,and total K acquisitions of pepper and further significantly decreased(P<0.05)blight *** to the feature of enhancing disease-suppression by AM symbiosis,both *** and *** were confirmed as MHB strains ***,*** had a stronger performance in directly accelerating mycorrhization,while *** was also an antagonist to the pathogenic ***,*** with the independent disease-suppression function was not an MHB strain *** redundancy analyses demonstrated that when AM fungus was present,root mycorrhizal colonization replaced soil pH becoming the main factor affecting pepper Phytophthora ***,*** and *** seemed to have the value of preparation and application in the future to help AM symbiosis against pepper Phytophthora blight.

关键词： actinomycete strain blight severity Funneliformis caledonium mycorrhiza helper bacteria Phytophthora capsici root mycorrhizal colonization soil-bornedisease

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Selection and application of four QTLs for grain protein content in modern wheat cultivars

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第8期23卷 2557-2570页

作者： Zihui liu Xiangjun Lai Yijin Chen Peng Zhao Xiaoming Wang Wanquan Ji Shengbao Xu State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/College of Agronomy Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China

The grain protein content(GPC)is the key parameter for wheat grain nutritional *** study conducted a resampling GWAS analysis using 406 wheat accessions across eight environments,and identified four previously reported GPC *** analysis of 87 landraces and 259 modern cultivars revealed the loss of superior GPC haplotypes,especially in Chinese *** haplotypes were preferentially adopted in different agroecological zones and had broad effects on wheat yield and agronomic *** GPC QTLs did not significantly reduce yield,suggesting that high GPC can be achieved without a yield *** results of this study provide a reference for future GPC breeding in wheat using the four identified QTLs.

关键词： breeding grain protein content haplotype selection and application wheat

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Bio-soft matter derived from traditional Chinese medicine:Characterizations of hierarchical structure,assembly mechanism,and beyond

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2024年第6期14卷 823-839页

作者： Guiya Yang Yue liu Yuying Hu Yue Yuan Yunan Qin Quan Li Shuangcheng Ma School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing102488China Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine National Institutes for Food and Drug ControlBeijing100050China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Substance of Traditional Chinese Medicine School of Chinese Materia MedicaTianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin301617China Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional MoleculesCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHubei UniversityWuhan430062China

Structural and functional explorations on bio-soft matter such as micelles,vesicles,nanoparticles,aggregates or polymers derived from traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has emerged as a new topic in the field of *** discovery of such cross-scaled bio-soft matter may provide a unique perspective for unraveling the new effective material basis of TCM as well as developing innovative medicine and *** the rapid rise of TCM-derived bio-soft matter,their hierarchical structure and assembly mechanism must be unambiguously probed for a further in-depth understanding of their pharmacological *** this review,the current emerged TCM-derived bio-soft matter assembled from either small molecules or macromolecules is introduced,and particularly the unambiguous elucidation of their hierarchical structure and assembly mechanism with combined electron microscopic and spectroscopic techniques is *** pros and cons of each technique are also *** future challenges and perspective of TCM-derived bio-soft matter are outlined,particularly the requirement for their precise in situ structural determination is highlighted.

关键词： Electron microscopy Spectroscopy Traditional Chinese medicine Bio-soft matter Structural characterization

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Garnet and Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Geochemistry Reveal Genesis of the Dafang Au-Pb-Zn-Ag Deposit,Southern Hunan

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第3期98卷 717-735页

作者： JIANG Hua KONG Hua liu Biao TAN Fucheng QIN Yixue HUANG Jingang ZHU Yu Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring Ministry of EducationSchool of Geosciences and Info-PhysicsCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China School of Geosciences and Info-Physics Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Hunan Baoshan Nonferrous Metals and Minerals Co. Ltd.ChenzhouHunan 424402China

Garnet is a primary mineral in skarn deposits and plays a significant role in recording copious mineralization and metallogenic *** study systematically investigates the geochemistry and geochronology of garnet and zircon in the Dafang Au-Pb-Zn-Ag deposit,which represents prominent gold mineralization in southern Hunan,*** samples with distinct zoning patterns and compositional variations were identified using various analytical techniques,including Backscattered Electron(BSE)imaging,Cathodoluminescence(CL)response,textural characterization,and analysis of rare-earth elements(REE),major contents,and trace element *** garnet was dated U-Pb dating,which yielded a lower intercept age of 161.06±1.93 *** age is older than the underlying granodiorite porphyry,which has a concordia age of 155.13±0.95 Ma determined by zircon U-Pb *** results suggest that the gold mineralization may be related to the concealed *** groups of garnet changed from depleted Al garnet to enriched Al garnet,and the rare earth element(REE)patterns of these groups were converted from light REE(LREE)-enriched and heavy REE(HREE)-depleted with positive europium(Eu)anomalies to medium REE(MREE)-enriched from core to rim *** different REE patterns of garnet in various zones may be attributed to changes in the fluid environment and late superposition *** development of distal skarn in the southern Hunan could be a significant indicator for identifying gold mineralization.

关键词： garnet and zircon U-Pb dating LA-ICP-MS mapping Dafang Southern Hunan

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