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A comprehensive review on microchannel heat sinks for electronics cooling

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第2期6卷 133-162页

作者： zhi-Qiang yu Mo-Tong Li Bing-Yang Cao Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Engineering MechanicsTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China

The heat generation of electronic devices is increasing dramatically,which causes a serious bottleneck in the thermal management of electronics,and overheating will result in performance deterioration and even device *** the development of micro-machining technologies,the microchannel heat sink(MCHS)has become one of the best ways to remove the considerable amount of heat generated by high-power *** has the advantages of large specific surface area,small size,coolant saving and high heat transfer *** paper comprehensively takes an overview of the research progress in MCHSs and generalizes the hotspots and bottlenecks of this *** heat transfer mechanisms and performances of different channel structures,coolants,channel materials and some other influencing factors are ***,this paper classifies the heat transfer enhancement technology and reviews the related studies on both the single-phase and phase-change flow and heat *** comprehensive review is expected to provide a theoretical reference and technical guidance for further research and application of MCHSs in the future.

关键词： microchannel heat sink thermal management of electronics microscale heat transfer heat transfer enhancement

Unlocking T cell exhaustion:Insights and implications for CAR-T cell therapy

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第8期14卷 3416-3431页

作者： Dian Xiong Haijun yu zhi-Jun Sun State Key Laboratory of Oral&Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of EducationHubei Key Laboratory of StomatologySchool&Hospital of StomatologyFrontier Science Center for Immunology and MetabolismTaikang Center for Life and Medical ScienceWuhan UniversityWuhan 430079China Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology Hubei Province Cancer Clinical Study CenterHubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological BehaviorsZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China

Chimeric antigen receptor T(CAR-T)cell therapy as a form of adoptive cell therapy(ACT)has shown significant promise in cancer treatment,demonstrated by the FDA-approved CAR-T cell therapies targeting CD19 or B cell maturation antigen(BCMA)for hematological malignancies,albeit with moderate outcomes in solid ***,despite these advancements,the efficacy of CAR-T therapy is often compromised by T cell exhaustion,a phenomenon that impedes the persistence and effector function of CAR-T cells,leading to a relapse rate of up to 75%in patients treated with CD19 or CD22 CAR-T cells for hematological *** to overcome CAR-T exhaustion employ state-of-the-art genomic engineering tools and single-cell sequencing *** this review,we provide a comprehensive understanding of the latest mechanistic insights into T cell exhaustion and their implications for the current efforts to optimize CAR-T cell *** insights,combined with lessons learned from benchmarking CAR-T based products in recent clinical trials,aim to address the challenges posed by T cell exhaustion,potentially setting the stage for the development of tailored next-generation approaches to cancer treatment.

关键词： Cancer immunotherapy CAR-T therapy T cell exhaustion Tumor immune microenvironment Spatial immune contexture Single-cell technologies CAR-T engineering Combination therapy

An unexpected approach to enhance specific surface area and mesopore amount of polyaniline by Zn doping

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4585-4594页

作者： zhi-Da Zhu yu-Zhe Han Xiao-Bi Jing School of Mechanical Engineering Yangzhou University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University

Poly-p-anisidine could be easily fabricated via the oxidative polymerization reaction of p-anisidine using H2O2as the green oxidant. It was unexpectedly found that zinc doping could significantly improve the adsorption ability of the material versus heavy metals such as Pb, Cu,Pd, Ag and Hg. Results of nitrogen adsorption–desorption experiments demonstrated that Zn doping could enhance the specific surface area and mesopore amount of the prepared material, which might facilitate its absorption to metals. This work not only provides a novel material for the treatment of heavy metal-polluted water but also leads to a nice mesoporous catalyst support for environment protection and organic synthesis, i.e. the Zn-doped poly-panisidine can be employed as the catalyst support to prepare Cu@PANI-OMe/Zn or Pd@PANI-OMe/Zn for the oxidative degradation reaction of phenol or Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reactions, respectively. It discloses a new strategy for fabricating the mesoporous polyaniline materials with profound application potential.

关键词： Adsorption Catalysis Porous materials Rare metal concentration Surfaces

Perception field based imitation learning for unlabeled multi-agent pathfinding

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 115-135页

作者： Wenjie CHU Ailun yu Wei ZHANg Haiyan ZHAO zhi JIN School of Computer Science Peking University Key Laboratory of High-Confidence Software Technologies (Peking University) Ministry of Education

This paper proposes an imitation learning method to learn a universal agent policy for unlabeled multi-agent pathfinding(unlabeled MAPF) in grid environments. The method transforms the unlabeled MAPF problem into a series of temporal-independent homogeneous classification problems for each *** on this transformation, a neural network is designed to imitate a distance-optimal expert *** neural network consists of two successive modules: perception field learner and field integrating *** former refines and encodes the current system state into a perception field for each agent by combining a set of learnable field-generating functions. The latter takes an agent's perception field as input and decides the agent's next action based on a triplet cross-attention mechanism. We evaluate our method on a diverse set of unlabeled MAPF tasks. Compared with state-of-the-art counterparts, the experimental results manifest the superiority of the proposed method in both generalization ability and scalability.

关键词： unlabeled multi-agent pathfinding perception field triplet cross-attention multi-agent imitation learning learning-based planning

Surface decoration of mesocarbon microbeads with multifunctional TiNbO_(4-x)@C coating layer as high rate and stable anode of Li-ion batteries

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Rare Metals 2024年第5期43卷 2053-2066页

作者： Jia-Mei Lai zhi-Min Zou yu Bai yu-Tao Xing Chun-Hai Jiang Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Applications Institute of Advanced Energy MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringXiamen University of TechnologyXiamen 361024China Shanghai XFH Science and Technology Development Co. Ltd.Shanghai 200949China Fujian XFH New Energy Materials Co. Ltd.Yong'an 366000China Shenzhen XFH Science and Technology Co. Ltd.Shenzhen 518071China Laboratorio de Microscopia Eletronica de Alta Resolucao Centro de Caracterizagao Avangada Para a Industria de Petroleo(LaMAR/CAIPE)Universidade Federal FluminenseNiteroiRJ 24210-346Brazil

Surface modification of graphite anode with electroactive matters has been proven of a more practical strategy in enhancing the performance of Li-ion batteries than exploring alternative novel anode ***,rutile TiNbO_(4-x) nanoparticles with a tunnel structure are employed as multifunctional decoration substances in combination with a carbon coating layer to improve the rate and cycle properties of mesocarbon microbeads(MCMBs).As compared to pristine MCMB,the Li^(+)diffusion coefficients of the composite anodes are enhanced due to the synergistic effect of TiNbO_(4-x)@***,the overcharge and voltage polarization of the composite anodes at high rate are obviously minimized due to the current sharing effect of the high-potential TiNbO_(4-x).Moreover,the amorphous Li_(y)TiNbO_(4-x) converted from TiNbO_(4-x) in the initial lithiation process can deliver pseudocapacitive capacity to the composite anodes from the second *** of these functions of TiNbO_(4-x)@Ccoating layer have directly contributed to the improved rate and cycle performance of the MCMB/TiNbO_(4-x)@C composite *** one containing 12.0 wt%TiNbO_(4-x) exhibits a high reversible specific capacity of 118 m Ah·g^(-1)at 10C(1C=372 m A·g^(-1)),together with a high capacity retention of 90.9%after 300 cycles at 3C,which are all much superior to those of pristine MCMB.

关键词： Li-ion batteries MCMB TiNbO_(4-x)@C Surface decoration Rate capability

growth of Ag/g-C_(3)N_(4) nanocomposites on nickel foam to enhance photocatalytic degradation of formaldehyde under visible light

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 432-442页

作者： Ze Wang zhi Huang Jiang yu Xiao Shao Weidong Peng Jie yu Yinying Jiang Department of Environmental Science and Engineering College of Architecture and EnvironmentSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Institute of New Energy and Low Carbon Technology Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China School of Agriculture and Environment University of Western AustraliaPerth 6907Western AustraliaAustralia Yibin Institute of Industrial Technology Sichuan UniversityYibin 644000China

Formaldehyde is a pollutant that significantly affects the indoor air ***,conventional remediation approaches can be challenging to deal with low-concentration formaldehyde in an indoor *** this study,Photocatalysts of Ag/graphitic carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4))/Ni with 3D reticulated coral structure were prepared by thermal polymerization and liquid phase photo-deposition,using nickel foam(NF)as the *** demonstrated that when the Ag concentration was 3%,and the relative humidity was 60%,the Ni/Ag/g-C_(3)N_(4)showed the maximum degradation rate of formaldehyde at 90.19%under visible light irradiation,and the formaldehyde concentration after degradation was lower than the Hygienic standard stated by the Chinese *** porous structure of Ni/Ag/g-C_(3)N_(4)and the formation of Schottky junctions promoted the Adsorption efficiency and degradation of formaldehyde,while the nickel foam carrier effectively promoted the desorption of degradation ***,the degradation rate was only reduced by3.4%after 16 recycles,the three-dimensional porous structure extended the lifetime of the *** study provides a new strategy for the degradation of indoor formaldehyde at low concentrations.

关键词： graphitic carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4)) Nickel foam(NF) Ag Formaldehyde Photocatalysis

Multi-physical fields distribution in billet during helical electromagnetic stirring:A numerical simulation research

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China Foundry 2024年第1期21卷 51-59页

作者： Dong Pan Qing-tao guo Kai-lun Zhang Fu-zhi yu yu-ying Li yu-bao Xiao State Key Laboratory of Metal Materials for Marine Equipment and Application Anshan 114009LiaoningChina Ansteel Beijing Research Institute Co. Ltd.Beijing 102200China

Electromagnetic stirring is one of the widely applied techniques to modify the quality of casting *** from conventional rotate stirring,the helical stirring is more professional in assisting multi-dimensional flow of molten metal and eliminating solidification *** this study,the single-winding helical stirring(SWHS)was introduced,offering advantages such as smaller volume and lower electromagnetic shielding compared to traditional helical stirring *** a comprehensive numerical simulation,the stirring parameters of SWHS were adjusted to yoke inclination angle of 43°and frequency of 12 *** higher electromagnetic force and flow velocity in drawing direction,as well as the lower temperature gradient induced by the SWHS,are positive factors for homogeneous solidification of *** experimental results on Al-8%Si alloy and 0.4%C-1.1%Mn steel demonstrate that compared to rotate stirring,the SWHS process can induce better billet quality and is more effective in accelerating the equiaxed expansion and reducing element *** SWHS process can enhance the equiaxed ratio of the billet by 58.3%and reduce segregation degree of carbon element by 10.97%.Consequently,SWHS holds great promise as a potential approach for improving the quality of continuous casting billets.

关键词： billet electromagnetic stirring helical solidification element segregation numerical simulation

Rapid chemical recycling of waste polyester plastics catalyzed by recyclable catalyst

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green Chemical Engineering 2024年第2期5卷 257-265页

作者： yu-Ji Luo Jia-Yin Sun zhi Li School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai201210China

Waste plastics are serious environmental threats due to their low degradability and low recycling *** and efficient waste plastics recycling technologies are urgently demanded for a sustainable ***,we report a rapid,closed-loop,and streamlined process to convert polyesters such as poly(ethylene terephthalate)(PET)back to its purified *** trifluoromethanesulfonic acid or metal triflates as the recyclable catalyst,polyesters such as PET can be completely depolymerized by simple carboxylic acids within 1 *** coupling this acidolysis with a subsequent hydrogenolysis process,the consumed carboxylic acid was recovered and the closed-loop of PET depolymerization could be *** catalysts and depolymerization agents are fully recycled while only PET and hydrogen are consumed.

关键词： Chemical recycling Waste polyester plastics Acidolysis Recyclable catalyst

Classifying Chinese Medicine Constitution Using Multimodal Deep-Learning Model

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第2期30卷 163-170页

作者： gU Tian-yu YAN Zhuang-zhi JIANg Jie-hui School of Communication&Information Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai(200444)China School of Life Science Shanghai UniversityShanghai(200444)China

Objective:To develop a multimodal deep-learning model for classifying Chinese medicine constitution,i.e.,the balanced and unbalanced constitutions,based on inspection of tongue and face images,pulse waves from palpation,and health information from a total of 540 ***:This study data consisted of tongue and face images,pulse waves obtained by palpation,and health information,including personal information,life habits,medical history,and current symptoms,from 540 subjects(202 males and 338 females).Convolutional neural networks,recurrent neural networks,and fully connected neural networks were used to extract deep features from the *** fusion and decision fusion models were constructed for the multimodal ***:The optimal models for tongue and face images,pulse waves and health information were ResNet18,gate Recurrent Unit,and entity embedding,*** fusion was superior to decision *** multimodal analysis revealed that multimodal data compensated for the loss of information from a single mode,resulting in improved classification ***:Multimodal data fusion can supplement single model information and improve classification *** research underscores the effectiveness of multimodal deep learning technology to identify body constitution for modernizing and improving the intelligent application of Chinese medicine.

关键词： Chinese medicine constitution classification multimodal deep learning tongue image face image pulsewave health information