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Epidemiology and genetic characteristics of coxsackievirus A16 associated with hand-foot-and-mouth disease in Yantai city,China in 2018-2021

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生物安全与健康(英文) 2023年第3期5卷 181-186页

作者： zhenlu sun Ji Wang Xin Chi Peihua Niu Ruiqing Zhang Qiao Gao Yong Zhang Xuejun Ma Yantai Center for Disease Control and Prevention Yantai 264003China NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China WHO WPRO Regional Polio Reference Laboratory NHC Key Laboratory for BiosafetyNHC Key Laboratory for Medical VirologyNational Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China Center for Biosafety Mega-science Chinese Academy of ScienceWuhan 430071China

In 2008,China launched a national surveillance system for hand‐foot‐and‐mouth disease(HFMD).Several million cases of HFMD are reported every year,coxsackievirus A16(CVA16)was the leading cause of HFMD epidemic in Yantai city,China in recent years,but the information of epidemiology and molecular characterization of CVA16 in Yantai is limited.The aim of this study is to investigate the epidemiological characteristics and pathogenic spectrum of HFMD,and most importantly,the molecular characterization of CVA16 in Yantai from 2018 to 2021.A total of 2,000 clinical samples were collected in Yantai city from 2018 to 2021 and the enterovirus typing was performed using real‐time reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction(qRT‐PCR).VP1 coding regions of 41 CVA16 isolates were amplified and Sanger sequenced,and phylogenetic analysis was performed.During the study period,HFMD became prevalent from May to August each year.It peaked in June and declined in September.The incidence was highest in children aged 1 to 5 years,while more common in males than females.1,617 out of 2,000 clinical collection of samples were tested positive for enterovirus.Among them,614 were identified as CVA16,45 were enterovirus A71(EV A17),and 958 were other enterovirus serotypes.All 41 CVA16 strains belonged to the Bla and B1b genotypes.Homology analysis showed that 41 CVA16 isolates shared 83.2%–100%nucleotide and 93.7%–100%amino acid similarity among themselves.The results of this study update molecular epidemiology of CVA16 and provide a reference for HFMD prevention and control.

关键词： Hand-foot-and-mouthdisease Coxsackievirus A16 System development Genotype Phylogenetic analysis

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复杂环境下的轻量化道路目标识别算法研究

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计算机工程 2024年第4期50卷 219-227页

作者：李振鲁黄威孙锴内蒙古大学电子信息工程学院内蒙古呼和浩特010021

道路目标识别是智能交通系统解决城市拥堵问题的核心技术之一,然而现有算法在复杂交通环境下识别效果较差,存在大量漏检和误检情况,且模型参数量大,不适合在实际场景下部署于资源有限的移动端设备。针对以上问题,提出一种复杂环境下的... 详细信息

道路目标识别是智能交通系统解决城市拥堵问题的核心技术之一,然而现有算法在复杂交通环境下识别效果较差,存在大量漏检和误检情况,且模型参数量大,不适合在实际场景下部署于资源有限的移动端设备。针对以上问题,提出一种复杂环境下的轻量化道路目标识别算法。基于SSD算法结构设计一种可重构的特征提取网络框架,利用3种轻量化模块分别构建浅层特征提取网络,以自定义的Additional Block构建深层特征提取网络,并分别采用通道注意力机制和轻量化感受野扩大(RFB-L)模块提升模型对各尺寸目标的检测效果。利用自定义的像素与通道信息融合模块实现浅层与深层特征的融合,丰富待检测特征图包含的信息。同时,提出一种多特征融合的学习率调节算法,使得训练过程中模型性能稳定地达到收敛。自制复杂拥堵道路数据集Hohhot_city用于算法训练和测试,与主流算法的对比实验结果表明,该算法性能明显优于参数量同级别的YOLOv4-tiny和YOLOv5s算法,在参数量不到YOLOv5m算法40%的情况下与其检测精度接近,并取得了12.8 ms的推理时间和99.1%的均值平均精度。

关键词：道路目标识别特征提取特征融合通道注意力感受野

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Effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of micro(nano)plastics on aquatic microorganisms:Changes in potential function but not in overall composition

Water Biology and Security

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Water Biology and Security 2024年第1期3卷 37-45页

作者： zhenlu Wang Xianghong Dong Muzi Zhang Lei Gan Jian Shao Weiling sun Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous RegionMinistry of EducationGuizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China College of Animal Science Guizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment SciencesMinistry of EducationPeking UniversityBeijing100871China

Micro(nano)plastics(MNPs)are a growing problem as persistent environmental pollutants.Here,we investigated the impact of MNPs on microorganisms in aquatic microbial floc exposed to NPs(80 nm)and MPs(8μm)for 35 days.Water quality indicators were tested weekly and microbiological analyses were conducted on Day 7 and 28 after exposure.The results showed that there were significant differences in the levels of total ammonia nitrogen or nitrite between the MNPs groups and the control group,spanning from Day 7 to Day 28.For the microbial response,microbial community richness in the NPs and MPs groups were significantly increased at Day 7.Functional prediction showed that the relative abundances of bacteria associated with the“Forms Biofilms”,“Potentially Pathogenic”,“Plastic Degradation”and nitrogen cycle processes were significantly different after MNPs exposure.The results suggest that MNPs had no significant effect on the microbial diversity of mature microbial flocs.Findings suggest MPs could cause an increase in the relative abundance of potentially pathogenic bacteria,while NPs do not.In addition,stress associated with MNPs affected the nitrogen cycle of microorganisms,and NPs exerted greater impacts than MPs.Findings from this study further our understanding of the impact of MNPs at environmentally relevant concentrations on microorganisms in aquatic ecosystems.

关键词： Nano-plastics Micro-plastics Aquatic microorganism Pathogenic bacteria Nitrogen cycle

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A one-step reverse-transcription recombinase aided PCR assay for the rapid and sensitive detection of human enteroviruses

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Biosafety and Health 2023年第2期5卷 126-131页

作者： Xiuli sun Huanhuan Lu Yanqing Tie Mengchuan Zhao Ruiqing Zhang zhenlu sun Guohao Fan Fengyu Li Fengyu Tian Yaxin Hu Mengyi Zhang Xinxin Shen Xuejun Ma Zhishan Feng North China University of Science and Technology Tangshan 063210China Hebei General Hospital Shijiazhuang 050051China NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China National Laboratory for Poliomyelitis National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine Shijiazhuang 050051China Hebei Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine Shijiazhuang 050051China Department of Laboratory Medicine Children's Hospital of Hebei ProvinceShijiazhuang 050031China Yantai Center for Disease Control and Prevention Yantai 264003China

Human enteroviruses(HEVs)include many different types that cause a wide range of diseases,and an effective method of genus-level identification has therefore significant clinical implications.However,quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR),the gold-standard method,still has shortfalls in diagnostic sensitivity and timeliness.Here we established a one-step real-time reverse-transcription recombinase-aided PCR assay(RT-RAP)to detect HEV fragment within an hour.The RT-RAP assay showed a detection limit of 5 copies/μL using recombinant plasmids and was extensively verified using 15 HEV strains.Among 15 types of HEV(species A-C),the sensitivity of RT-RAP was approximately 2-8 folds lower than that of the qRT-PCR in 9 types,and no-cross reaction with other viruses was observed.RT-RAP was further applied to analyze CSF and fecal specimens;the clinical performance demonstrated that the RT-RAP and the commercial qRT-PCR kit provided consistent results.These results indicated that RT-RAP assay may be a promising approach for rapid and sensitive detection of HEV.

关键词： Human enteroviruses Nucleic acid detection RT-RAP assay

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感染性腹泻流行趋势的研究进展

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中华微生物学和免疫学杂志 2024年第3期44卷 274-280页

作者：孙振璐刘国胜赵丽丽高巧王雪岩烟台市疾病预防控制中心烟台264003 莱州市疾病预防控制中心莱州261400

感染性腹泻是由多种病原体引起,广泛存在于世界各地的胃肠道感染性疾病。也是当今全球最重要的公共卫生问题之一,是引起全球5岁以下儿童死亡的第二大原因。感染性腹泻的病原体包含病毒性腹泻病原体、细菌性腹泻病原体和寄生虫相关病原... 详细信息

感染性腹泻是由多种病原体引起,广泛存在于世界各地的胃肠道感染性疾病。也是当今全球最重要的公共卫生问题之一,是引起全球5岁以下儿童死亡的第二大原因。感染性腹泻的病原体包含病毒性腹泻病原体、细菌性腹泻病原体和寄生虫相关病原体。而与病毒性腹泻相关的病原体是最主要的诱因,主要有诺如病毒、轮状病毒、星状病毒、札如病毒等。诱发细菌性腹泻的主要病原体有致泻性大肠埃希菌、沙门菌、志贺菌、副溶血弧菌、弯曲菌等。本文针对感染性腹泻的流行趋势、病原谱变化进行综述,目的是掌握我国感染性腹泻的分布及流行特征,为制定防控策略、减轻疾病负担提供参考。

关键词：病原体感染性腹泻病原谱流行特征

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Advances and challenges in two-dimensional materials for oxygen evolution

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Nano Research 2022年第10期15卷 8714-8750页

作者： Tianmi Tang Saisai Li Jianrui sun zhenlu Wang Jingqi Guan Institute of Physical Chemistry College of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun 130021China School of Chemistry and Life Science Changchun University of TechnologyChangchun 130012China

Oxygen evolution reaction(OER)plays an important role in many energy conversions and storage technologies,such as water splitting,rechargeable metal air batteries,renewable fuel cells,and electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction and nitrogen reduction,but its slow kinetics and high overpotential seriously affect the energy efficiency.Fabrication of high-performance and well-stocked OER catalysts is the key to the large-scale implementation of these energy-related technologies.Two-dimensional(2D)materials get a lot of attention as OER catalysts due to their large specific surface area,abundant active sites,and adjustable structures and compositions.Here,an overview is presented for the latest achievements in design and synthesis of 2D materials(including layered double hydroxides,metal-organic frameworks and their derivatives,covalent-organic frameworks,graphene,and black phosphorus)for the OER,emphasizing novel strategies(including metal/nonmetal doping,defect engineering,interface engineering,lattice strain,and fabrication of heterojunction)for achieving high electrocatalytic activity.Peculiarly,the structure–function relationship is analyzed in detail to gain deeper insight into the reaction mechanism,which is crucial to rational design of more high-performance 2D materials for the OER.Finally,the remaining challenges to improve the OER performance of 2D electrocatalysts are put forward to indicate possible future development of 2D materials.

关键词： two-dimensional material oxygen evolution reaction layered double hydroxide metal-organic framework covalentorganic framework

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山东省气象观测质量管理体系运行有效性定量评估分析

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气象水文海洋仪器 2024年第1期41卷 104-107,110页

作者：李季曾晨李恒昶孙伟佳陈庆亮刘彬张振鲁山东省气象工程技术中心济南250031 山东省气象防灾减灾重点实验室济南250031 苏州市气象局苏州215131 青岛市气象综合保障中心青岛266003

为了定量评估山东省气象观测质量管理体系运行的有效性,文章对山东省气象观测质量管理体系运行前后各类气象观测设备的业务可用性、数据传输质量、维护维修信息,以及用户满意度调查和外供方评价等内容进行了对比分析。结果表明,质量管... 详细信息

为了定量评估山东省气象观测质量管理体系运行的有效性,文章对山东省气象观测质量管理体系运行前后各类气象观测设备的业务可用性、数据传输质量、维护维修信息,以及用户满意度调查和外供方评价等内容进行了对比分析。结果表明,质量管理体系的运行有效提高了业务质量;市级管理和业务人员更加重视数据质量和传输质量;通过质量管理体系的约束,提高了业务人员故障维修的及时性;用户满意度调查和外供方评价结果反映出日常观测业务工作仍有改进空间。总体而言,气象观测质量管理体系的运行有效提升了观测业务管理的科学化和规范化水平,对山东省气象观测工作质量的进一步提升起到了促进作用。

关键词：气象观测质量管理体系有效性定量评估

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Research on Green and Low-Carbon Development Path of China's Automotive Industry

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Chinese Journal of Urban and Environmental Studies 2023年第1期11卷 66-82页

作者： ZHAO Dongchang ZHAO Mingnan sun Xin ZHANG Hongjie LIU Huanran WU Jinlong LEI zhenlu LI Jia’ang QIAN Bing LU Linfeng LIN Yu CHANG Wei China Automotive Carbon Digital Technology Center Co. Ltd.

China’s automotive industry has been dedicated to a series of carbon-reduction efforts and has strived for comprehensive green and low-carbon transformation in order to achieve carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals. On the basis of automobiles’ whole life-cycle(WLC) carbon emission accounting, this paper calculates life-cycle carbon emissions per vehicle, proposes green and low-carbon development path for China’s automotive industry, quantifies and analyzes implicated carbon-reduction potential, and puts forth suggestions for high-quality green and lowcarbon development of China’s automotive industry. The first is to establish a sound standard and data management system; the second is to promote research, development and application of lowcarbon materials and low-carbon technologies; the third is to accelerate the pace of fostering a new consumption model in the automotive industry. The research results can further support national policy-making regarding carbon emissions, promote corporations’ research, development and application of low-carbon technologies, encourage green and low-carbon consumption, and lead the automotive industry to achieve WLC neutrality.

关键词： Automobile life-cycle carbon emission low-carbon transformation

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Recent progress of surface coating on cathode materials for high-performance lithium-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第4期29卷 220-235页

作者： Peiyuan Guan Lu Zhou zhenlu Yu Yuandong sun Yunjian Liu Feixiang Wu Yifeng Jiang Dewei Chu School of Materials Science and Engineering University of New South WalesSydney 2052Australia School of Material Science and Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013JiangsuChina College of Metallurgy and Environment Central South UniversityChangsha 410083HunanChina

Lithium-ion batteries (LIB) have received substantial attention in the last 10 years,as they offer great promise as power sources that can lead to the electric vehicle (EV) revolution in the next 5 years.Since the cathode serves as a key component in LIB,its properties significantly affect the performance of the whole system.Recently,the cathode surface modification based on coating technique has been widely employed to enhance the electrochemical performances by improving the material conductivity,stabilising the physical structure of materials,as well as preventing the reactions between the electrode and electrolyte.In this work,we reviewed the present of a number of promising cathode materials for Li-ion batteries.After that,we summarized the very recent research progress focusing on the surface coating strategies,mainly including the coating materials,the coating technologies,as well as the corresponding working mechanisms for cathodes.At last,the challenges faced and future guidelines for optimizing cathode materials are discussed.In this study,we propose that the structure of cathode is a crucial factor during the selection of coating materials and technologies.

关键词： Lithium-ion battery Cathode Surface Coating Electrochemical performance

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最优故障检测滤波器设计

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北京航空航天大学学报 1999年第3期25卷 302-305页

作者：孙振陆陈宗基王醒华北京航空航天大学自动控制系

针对执行机构故障研究检测滤波器对噪声的鲁棒性问题．首先利用特征结构配置方法研究多故障情况下检测滤波器的设计问题，并给出其增益矩阵的基本结构，然后针对过程噪声和测量噪声研究最优故障检测滤波器的设计问题，提出求解最优增益... 详细信息

针对执行机构故障研究检测滤波器对噪声的鲁棒性问题．首先利用特征结构配置方法研究多故障情况下检测滤波器的设计问题，并给出其增益矩阵的基本结构，然后针对过程噪声和测量噪声研究最优故障检测滤波器的设计问题，提出求解最优增益矩阵的一种算法，最后采用某型号飞机方程进行仿真验证．仿真结果表明。

关键词：故障检测故障隔离最优故障检测滤波器

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