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Soil properties drive the bacterial community to cadmium contamination in the rhizosphere of two contrasting wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)genotypes

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第6期128卷 117-128页

作者： Min Lu Lukuan Huang Qiong Wang Xuerui Cao Qiang Lin zhenli he Ying Feng Xiaoe Yang Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem health Ministry of Education(MOE)College of Environmental and Resources SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Tea Research Institute Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinan 250100China College of Ecology Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China Zhejiang Institute of Landscape Plants and Flowers Hangzhou 311251China University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural SciencesIndian River Research and Education CenterFort PierceFL 34945USA

Cadmium(Cd)bioavailability in the rhizosphere makes an important difference in grain Cd accumulation in ***,pot experiments combined with 16S rRNA gene sequencing were conducted to compare the Cd bioavailability and bacterial community in the rhizosphere of two wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)genotypes,a low-Cd-accumulating genotype in grains(LT)and a high-Cd-accumulating genotype in grains(HT),grown on four different soils with Cd *** showed that there was non-significant difference in total Cd concentration among four ***,except for black soil,DTPA-Cd concentrations in HT rhizospheres were higher than those of LT in fluvisol,paddy soil and purple *** of 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that soil type(52.7%)was the strongest determinant of root-associated community,while there were still some differences in rhizosphere bacterial community composition between twowheat *** specifically colonized in HT rhizosphere(Acidobacteria,Gemmatimonadetes,Bacteroidetes and Deltaproteobacteria)could participate inmetal activation,whereas LT rhizosphere was highly enriched by plant growth-promoting *** addition,PICRUSt2 analysis also predicted high relative abundances of imputed functional profiles related to membrane transport and amino acid metabolism in HT *** results revealed that the rhizosphere bacterial community may be an important factor regulating Cd uptake and accumulation in wheat and indicated that the high Cd-accumulating cultivar might improve Cd bioavailability in the rhizosphere by recruiting taxa related to Cd activation,thus promoting Cd uptake and accumulation.

关键词： Cadmium(Cd) Bioavailability Rhizosphere Bacterial community Soil type Wheat genotypes

Effects of a New-Type Cleaning Agent and a Plant Growth Regulator on Phytoextraction of Cadmium from a Contaminated Soil

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Pedosphere 2019年第2期29卷 161-169页

作者： he Shanying GUO Haihui zhenli he WANG Lei College of Environmental Science and Engineering Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and RecyclingZhejiang Gongshang University Indian River Research and Education Center Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences University of Florida

In China, great efforts are being made to remediate farmlands polluted by heavy metals. In this study, a soil pot experiment was conducted to examine the effects of a new-type cleaning agent, methylglycinediacetic acid(MGDA), and a plant growth regulator(PGR), diethl aminoethyl hexanoate(DA-6), on plant growth and extraction and detoxification of cadmium(Cd) by ryegrass. The results showed that foliar spray of DA-6 alone improved plant growth, with root length and shoot dry biomass increased by 38.5%–58.6% and 71.1%–89.3%, respectively, whereas addition of MGDA alone decreased root length and shoot dry biomass by 10.3%–18.6%and 9.1%–21.8%, respectively. Diethl aminoethyl hexanoate promoted the binding of Cd to cell walls and thus alleviated the toxicity of Cd and/or MGDA to plants. Applications of DA-6 and/or MGDA resulted in a significant increase in Cd extraction efficiency(P he efficiency decreased in the order of MGDA + DA-6 > DA-6 > MGDA. The treatment of MGDA + DA-6 achieved 2.2%, 1.7%, and 0.8% Cd extraction efficiency by ryegrass in soils spiked with 25, 50, 100 mg Cd kg^(-1), respectively. Therefore,treatment of MGDA + DA-6 could be an efficient method for enhancing phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soil by ryegrass.

关键词： diethl aminoethyl hexanoate extraction efficiency heavy metal methylglycinediacetic acid phytoremediation ryegrass subcellular distribution toxicity

A deformation criterion of pressurized non-circular cross-section cabin and its effects on cruise performance of BWB civil aircraft

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第6期37卷 78-88页

作者： Siyi GUO zhenli CheN Xuanyu YAO School of Aeronautics Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Aero Engine Academy of China Beijing 101304China

Blended-Wing-Body(BWB)aircraft is promoted as one of the most possible layouts to achieve more sustainable civil *** to the non-circular cross-section of the center-body,a bulge deformation forms over the upper surface of the body under the coupled loads of the internal pressurization of the cabin and the aerodynamic bending moments of the wing,which reduces the lift-to-drag ratio of BWB *** a limited deformation,the relationship between the aerodynamic performance and the structural weight needs to be *** this work,the effects of stiffness constraints on the center-body deformation,structural weight of the airframe and aerodynamic performance were investigated by using an analytical model of the Pultruded Rod Stitched Efficient Unitized Structure(PRSEUS)for the airframe and the computational fluid dynamics method,*** results show that as the stiffness constraint increases,the spacings between the rod stringers and the frame stiffeners decrease,and the structural weight increases inversely.A 5.2% reduction of the lift-to-drag ratio is encountered at cruise for a medium deformation design of 42.8 mm/m.A higher aerodynamic penalty is suffered when the stiffness constraint is further *** final deformation criterion is different when the weight vector of the aerodynamic performance and structural weight is different.

关键词： Blended-Wing-Body(BWB) Deformation PultrudedRod Stitched Effi-cient Unitized Structure(PRSEUS) Cabin structure Stiffness constraint

Morphological and Physiological Responses of Plants to Cadmium Toxicity: A Review

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Pedosphere 2017年第3期27卷 421-438页

作者： he Shanying YANG Xiaoe zhenli he Virupax C.BALIGAR College of Environmental Science and Engineering Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and RecyclingZhejiang Gongshang University Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecosystem health College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang University Indian River Research and Education Center Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS) University of Florida USDA-ARS Beltsville Agricultural Research Center

Cadmium(Cd) contamination has posed an increasing challenge to environmental quality and food security. In recent years,phytoremediation has been particularly scrutinized because it is cost-effective and environmentally friendly, especially the use of metal-hyperaccumulating plants to extract or mine heavy metals from polluted soils. Under Cd stress, responses of hyperaccumulator and non-hyperaccumulator plants differ in morphological responses and physiological processes such as photosynthesis and respiration,uptake, transport, and assimilation of minerals and nitrogen, and water uptake and transport, which contribute to their ability to accumulate and detoxify Cd. This review aims to provide a brief overview of the recent progresses in the differential responses of hyperaccumulator and non-accumulator plants to Cd toxicity in terms of growth and physiological processes. Such information might be useful in developing phytoremediation technology for contaminated soils.

关键词：植物修复技术生理反应形态反应重金属污染土壤镉毒害综述生理过程植物提取物

IR-YOLO: Real-Time Infrared Vehicle and Pedestrian Detection

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 2667-2687页

作者： Xiao Luo Hao Zhu zhenli Zhang Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou341000China Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Maglev Technology Ganzhou341000China Graduate School of Information Production and SystemsWaseda UniversityKitakyushu-shiFukuoka808-0135Japan

Road traffic safety can decrease when drivers drive in a low-visibility *** application of visual perception technology to detect vehicles and pedestrians in infrared images proves to be an effective means of reducing the risk of *** tackle the challenges posed by the low recognition accuracy and the substan-tial computational burden associated with current infrared pedestrian-vehicle detection methods,an infrared pedestrian-vehicle detection method A proposal is presented,based on an enhanced version of You Only Look Once version 5(YOLOv5).First,A head specifically designed for detecting small targets has been integrated into the model to make full use of shallow feature information to enhance the accuracy in detecting small ***,the Focal Generalized Intersection over Union(GIoU)is employed as an alternative to the original loss function to address issues related to target overlap and category ***,the distribution shift convolution optimization feature extraction operator is used to alleviate the computational burden of the model without significantly compromising detection *** test results of the improved algorithm show that its average accuracy(mAP)reaches 90.1%.Specifically,the Giga Floating Point Operations Per second(GFLOPs)of the improved algorithm is only *** contrast,the improved algorithms outperformed the other algorithms on similar GFLOPs,such as YOLOv6n(11.9),YOLOv8n(8.7),YOLOv7t(13.2)and YOLOv5s(16.0).The mAPs that are 4.4%,3%,3.5%,and 1.7%greater than those of these algorithms show that the improved algorithm achieves higher accuracy in target detection tasks under similar computational resource *** the other hand,compared with other algorithms such as YOLOv8l(91.1%),YOLOv6l(89.5%),YOLOv7(90.8%),and YOLOv3(90.1%),the improved algorithm needs only 5.5%,2.3%,8.6%,and 2.3%,respectively,of the *** improved algorithm has shown significant advancements in balancing accuracy and computati

关键词： Traffic safety infrared image pedestrians and vehicles focal GIoU distributed shift convolution

A Comparative Study of the Cellular Microscopic Characteristics and Mechanisms of Maize Seedling Damage from Superabsorbent Polymers

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Pedosphere 2017年第2期27卷 274-282页

作者： CheN Xian HUANG Lei MAO Xiaoyun LIAO Zongwen zhenli he College of Resource and Environmental Sciences South China Agriculture University University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences Indian River Research and Education Center

Superabsorbent polymers(SAPs) as soil moisture conditioners have been increasingly used in agriculture, but conflicting results were reported regarding the effects of SAPs on crop growth. In this study, both laboratory cultivation and analysis were conducted to investigate the effects of different SAPs on the growth and physiology of crops under water-saving agricultural practices. Maize(Zea mays L.) seedlings were cultivated using distilled water or three different SAP hydrogels, sodium polyacrylate(SP), potassium polyacrylate(PP), and sodium polyacrylate embedded with phosphate rock powder(SPP), as growth media. Growth characteristics of the model plant and damage were assessed using scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM). The results showed that both the SP and PP treatments had pronounced negative effect on the hydrogels of growth of maize seedlings. The SPP treatment appeared to facilitate the stem-leaf growth and had no obvious adverse effect on root growth. All the three hydrogel treatments caused varying degrees of damage to the organizational structure and cellular morphology of the roots, with the SP and PP treatments causing the most severe damage; the membrane system of root cells was damaged by both SP and PP treatments. An excessive accumulation of sodium and reduction of calcium occurred in the roots may be responsible for the observed damage to the cell membrane system, which, in turn, may have promoted the wilting of the cells.

关键词：高吸水性树脂玉米幼苗细胞形态显微特征聚丙烯酸钠透射电子显微镜扫描电子显微镜细胞膜系统

Mechanisms of Exogenous Nitric Oxide and 24-Epibrassinolide Alleviating Chlorosis of Peanut Plants Under Iron Deficiency

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Pedosphere 2018年第6期28卷 926-942页

作者： SONG Yiling DONG Yuanjie TIAN Xianyi WANG Wanwan zhenli he College of Resources and Environment National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Shandong Agricultural University Indian River Research and Education Center Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences University of Florida

Iron(Fe) is a crucial transition metal for all living organisms including plants; however, Fe deficiency frequently occurs in plant because only a small portion of Fe is bioavailable in soil in recent years. To cope with Fe deficiency, plants have evolved a wide range of adaptive responses from changes in morphology to altered physiology. To understand the role of nitric oxide(NO) and 24-epibrassinolide(EBR) in alleviating chlorosis induced by Fe deficiency in peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.) plants, we determined the concentration of chlorophylls, the activation, uptake, and translocation of Fe, the activities of key enzymes, such as ferric-chelate reductase(FCR),proton-translocating adenosine triphosphatase(H^+-ATPase), and antioxidant enzymes, and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species(ROS) and malondialdehyde(MDA) of peanut plants under Fe sufficiency(100 μmol L^(-1)ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid(EDTA)-Fe) and Fe deficiency(0 μmol L^(-1)EDTA-Fe). We also investigated the production of NO in peanut plants subjected to Fe deficiency with foliar application of sodium nitroprusside(SNP), a donor of NO, and/or EBR. The results showed that Fe deficiency resulted in severe chlorosis and oxidative stress, significantly decreased the concentration of chlorophylls and active Fe, and significantly increased NO production. Foliar application of NO and/or EBR increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase,peroxidase, and catalase, and decreased the ROS and MDA concentrations, thus enhancing the resistance of plants to oxidative *** of NO also significantly increased Fe translocation from the roots to the shoots and enhanced the transfer of Fe from the cell wall fraction to the cell organelle and soluble fractions. Consequently, the concentrations of available Fe and chlorophylls in the leaves were elevated. Furthermore, the activities of H^+-ATPase and FCR were enhanced in the Fe-deficient plants. Simultaneously,there was a significant in

关键词： active iron antioxidant enzyme subcellular structure chlorophyll oxidative stress reactive oxygen species sodium nitroprusside

Effects of layer interactions on instantaneous stability of finite Stokes flows

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第1期45卷 69-84页

作者： Chen ZHAO zhenli CheN C.T.MUTASA Dong LI School of Aeronautics Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China

The stability analysis of a finite Stokes layer is of practical importance in flow control. In the present work, the instantaneous stability of a finite Stokes layer with layer interactions is studied via a linear stability analysis of the frozen phases of the base flow. The oscillations of two plates can have different velocity amplitudes, initial phases, and frequencies. The effects of the Stokes-layer interactions on the stability when two plates oscillate synchronously are analyzed. The growth rates of two most unstable modes when δ here δ*and h*are the Stokes-layer thickness and the half height of the channel, respectively. However, their vorticities are different. The vorticity of the most unstable mode is symmetric, while the other is asymmetric. The Stokes-layer interactions have a destabilizing effect on the most unstable mode when δ hen δ > 0.68. However, the interactions always have a stabilizing effect on the other unstable mode. It is explained that one of the two unstable modes has much higher dissipation than the other one when the Stokes-layer interactions are strong. We also find that the stability of the Stokes layer is closely related to the inflectional points of the base-flow velocity profile. The effects of inconsistent velocity-amplitude, initial phase, and frequency of the oscillations on the stability are analyzed. The energy of the most unstable eigenvector is mainly distributed near the plate of higher velocity amplitude or higher oscillation frequency. The effects of the initial phase difference are complicated because the base-flow velocity is extremely sensitive to the initial phase.

关键词： finite Stokes layer instantaneous stability Stokes-layer interaction asynchronous oscillation

Electrochemical performances of NiO/Ni2N nanocomposite thin film as anode material for lithium ion batteries

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2019年第4期13卷 367-374页

作者： Yanlin JIA Zhiyuan MA Zhicheng LI zhenli he Junming SHAO Hong ZHANG School of Materials Science and Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China College of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China

Despite the high specific capacities,the practical application of transition metal oxides as the lithium ion battery(LIB)anode is hindered by their low cycling stability,severe polarization,low initial coulombic efficiency,***,we report the synthesis of the NiO/Ni2N nanocomposite thin film by reactive magnetron sputtering with a Ni metal target in an atmosphere of 1 vol.% O2 and 99 vol.%*** existence of homogeneously dispersed nano Ni2N phase not only improves charge transfer kinetics,but also contributes to the one-off formation of a stable solid electrolyte interphase(SEI).In comparison with the NiO electrode,the NiO/Ni2N electrode exhibits significantly enhanced cycling stability with retention rate of 98.8%(85.6%for the NiO electrode)after 50 cycles,initial coulombic efficiency of 76.6%(65.0%for the NiO electrode)and rate capability with 515.3 mA·h·g^−1(340.1 mA·h·g^−1 for the NiO electrode)at 1.6 A·g^−1.

关键词： NiO and Ni2N nanocomposite reactive magnetron sputtering lithium ion battery electrode electrochemical performance