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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2024年第4期6卷 302-314页

作者： Lili Feng Bowen Li Su Sean Yong Xiaonan Wu zhenjun tian College of Education Physical Education DepartmentZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China The Information and Communication College National University of Defense TechnologyXi'an710106China Institute of Sports Biology College of Physical EducationShaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an710119China

Sarcopenia is a progressive systemic skeletal muscle disease induced by various physiological and pathological factors,including aging,malnutrition,denervation,and cardiovascular diseases,manifesting as the decline of skeletal muscle mass and *** exercise and nutrition produce beneficial effects on skeletal muscle growth and are viewed as feasible strategies to prevent *** involve regulating blood flow,oxidative stress,inflammation,apoptosis,protein synthesis and degradation,and satellite cell activation through exerkines and gut *** this review,we summarized and discussed the latest progress and future development of the above mechanisms for providing a theoretical basis and ideas for the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia.

关键词： Skeletal muscle Sarcopenia Exercise Diet Exerkines Signaling pathway Satellite cells

有氧运动通过“脑-心”轴抑制交感神经过度激活改善心肌梗死小鼠心功能

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体育科学 2024年第3期44卷 30-40页

作者：薄文艳蔡梦昕田振军陕西师范大学体育学院暨运动生物学研究所陕西西安710119

目的:探讨有氧运动改善心肌梗死小鼠心功能的中枢机制。方法:C57BL/6J小鼠随机分为假手术组(Sham)、心肌梗死组(MI)、心肌梗死运动组(ME),每组12只;光遗传激活组(ChR2)、光遗传抑制组(eNpHR3.0),每组6只;心肌梗死对照组(MI+Dio)、心肌梗... 详细信息

目的:探讨有氧运动改善心肌梗死小鼠心功能的中枢机制。方法:C57BL/6J小鼠随机分为假手术组(Sham)、心肌梗死组(MI)、心肌梗死运动组(ME),每组12只;光遗传激活组(ChR2)、光遗传抑制组(eNpHR3.0),每组6只;心肌梗死对照组(MI+Dio)、心肌梗死+初级运动皮层(primary motor cortex,M1)区神经元消融组(MI+taCasp3),每组6只。采用左冠状动脉前降支结扎术制备心肌梗死模型,术后1周对ME组进行6周有氧运动干预。心脏注射伪狂犬病病毒(pseudorabies virus,PRV)逆行跨多突触标记,以解析中枢与心脏的神经通路。通过光遗传激活或抑制初级运动皮层M1区谷氨酸(Glutamate,Glu)能神经元,以及神经元消融技术沉默初级运动皮层M1区Glu能神经元,探究初级运动皮层M1区Glu能神经元对心脏交感神经活动的影响。采用Masson和苏木精-伊红染色评估心脏结构病理变化,心电图检测心率变异性,心动超声评定心功能,试剂盒检测血清去甲肾上腺素(norepinephrine,NE)含量。利用Western blot和免疫荧光检测心脏的交感神经标记物酪氨酸羟化酶(tyrosine hydroxylase,TH)、神经生长因子(neu‐rotrophic factor,NGF)、生长相关蛋白43(growth-associated protein 43,GAP43)的表达,以及M1区神经元裂解型半胱氨酸蛋白酶-3(c-Caspase3)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(interleukin 6,IL-6)蛋白表达。采用尼氏染色和微管关联蛋白2(microtubule associated protein 2,MAP-2)免疫荧光染色评估神经元损伤。利用电镜观察初级运动皮层M1区神经元超微结构。结果:左心室注射PRV 5.5天后在正常小鼠初级运动皮层M1区第五层(L5)观察到大量被标记的神经元。光遗传激活或抑制初级运动皮层M1区Glu能神经元,显著升高或降低心率变异性指标低频和高频功率比值(LF/HF)。与MI+Dio组比较,MI+taCsap3组血清NE含量、LF/HF功率比值以及心肌梗死边缘区TH、GAP43和NGF表达显著降低。与Sham组比较,MI组初级运动皮层M1区神经元MAP-2表达降低,Nissl小体密度降低,线粒体出现肿胀、分裂,嵴溶解等超微结构病理改变,c-Caspase3表达显著增加,TNF-α和IL-6表达增加,而有氧运动干预显著逆转该变化。与Sham组比较,MI组LF/HF功率比值显著升高,心肌NGF和TH分布面积、密度以及心肌胶原纤维显著增加,心功能降低,有氧运动干预显著逆转该变化。结论:由于支配心脏活动的神经元链与大脑初级运动皮层M1区Glu能神经元存在投射,抑制大脑初级运动皮层M1区Glu能神经元活动,显著改善心肌梗死后交感神经过度激活和心脏恶性重构。有氧运动可显著改善心肌梗死后大脑初级运动皮层M1区神经元损伤,抑制心交感神经恶性重构,改善心功能。提示,聚焦大脑初级运动皮层M1区神经调控与心脏保护,可能为未来研究无创治疗或预防心肌缺血损伤提供新的思路。

关键词：有氧运动 “脑-心”轴心肌梗死初级运动皮层M1区

有氧运动调节circRNAs m6A甲基化修饰改善高脂饮食小鼠心脏病理性重塑研究

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体育科学 2024年第2期44卷 63-76页

作者：徐祖杰马哲莹张冰田振军太原理工大学体育学院山西太原030024 清华大学体育部北京100084 陕西师范大学体育学院暨运动生物学研究所陕西西安710119

目的:通过甲基化RNA免疫沉淀测序(MeRIP-seq)和转录组测序(RNA-seq)绘制N6-甲基腺苷(m6A)修饰图谱,探讨环状RNA(circRNAs)m6A甲基化修饰在有氧运动改善高脂饮食小鼠心脏病理性重塑中的作用。方法:C57BL/6J野生型小鼠随机分为正常饮食安... 详细信息

目的:通过甲基化RNA免疫沉淀测序(MeRIP-seq)和转录组测序(RNA-seq)绘制N6-甲基腺苷(m6A)修饰图谱,探讨环状RNA(circRNAs)m6A甲基化修饰在有氧运动改善高脂饮食小鼠心脏病理性重塑中的作用。方法:C57BL/6J野生型小鼠随机分为正常饮食安静(normal diet-sedentary,ND-SED)组、正常饮食运动(normal diet-exercise,ND-EX)组、高脂饮食安静(high-fat diet-sedentary,HFD-SED)组和高脂饮食运动(high-fat diet-exercise,HFD-EX)组。ND-SED组和ND-EX组小鼠给予普通饲料喂养,HFD-SED组和HFD-EX组小鼠给予60%脂肪供能高脂饲料喂养12周后,ND-EX组和HFD-EX组小鼠进行8周有氧运动。运动干预结束后,检测小鼠体重、体脂含量和心功能。采血、取心脏,检测血清TC和TG含量,酶联免疫吸附测定检测心脏组织TG含量,RT-qPCR检测m6A调节因子,Western blot检测METTL3和FTO蛋白表达,比色法检测心脏组织m6A RNA甲基化含量,MeRIP-seq检测HFD-SED组和HFD-EX组小鼠心脏circRNAs m6A甲基化修饰,SRAMP预测发生m6A甲基化差异和表达差异的circRNA甲基化位点,MeRIP-qPCR验证其m6A水平。结果:8周有氧运动显著降低了高脂饮食小鼠体重和体脂含量,提高了左心室射血分数和短轴缩短率,抑制心脏纤维化和脂质沉积,改善心脏病理性重塑。有氧运动可以显著降低高脂饮食小鼠心脏m6A甲基化水平,甲基转移酶METTL3在其中发挥了重要作用。MeRIP-seq显示,HFD-SED组和HFD-EX组小鼠心脏受m6A修饰的circRNAs大部分都只具有1个m6A修饰位点,且m6A circRNAs主要来自重叠区和外显子。与HFD-SED组比较,HFD-EX组小鼠心脏有13个circRNAs发生了甲基化上调,19个circRNAs发生了甲基化下调,两组差异甲基化的circRNAs大部分来源于重叠区,长度主要富集在1~10000 bps,大部分位于1号、7号和13号染色体上。RNA-seq显示,与HFD-SED组比较,HFD-EX组小鼠心脏有40个circRNAs发生差异表达,其中22个显著上调,18个显著下调。MeRIP-seq和RNA-seq联合分析发现,只有circRNA_4614|Chr7:127484542_127486889_+(以下简称“circRNA_4614”)同时发生m6A甲基化差异和表达差异,其m6A水平和表达水平均显著上调。SRAMP预测显示,circRNA_4614存在8个潜在的m6A位点,其中1个位点具有非常高置信度,2个位点具有高置信度。MeRIP-qPCR验证显示,与HFD-SED组比较,HFD-EX组小鼠心脏circRNA_4614的m6A水平显著上调,其趋势与MeRIP-seq测序结果一致。结论:有氧运动可以显著降低高脂饮食小鼠心脏m6A甲基化水平,调节心脏circRNAs表达谱和m6A修饰谱。circRNA_4614介导的m6A修饰在有氧运动改善肥胖性心脏重塑中可能发挥重要作用。

关键词：环状核糖核酸有氧运动 N6-甲基腺苷甲基化肥胖心脏病理性重塑

Resistance Exercise Increases the Regulation of Skeletal Muscle FSTL1 Consequently Improving Cardiac Angiogenesis in Rats with Myocardial Infarctions

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2019年第1期1卷 78-87页

作者： Yue Xi Meili Hao zhenjun tian Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology School of Physical EducationShaanxi Normal UniversityNo.620West Chang’an AvenueChang’an DistrictXi’an 710119ShaanxiChina

Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate whether skeletal muscle-derived follistatin-like 1(FSTL1)reaches the heart and exerts the angiogenetic function in rats suffering myocardial infarctions(MI)after exercise *** Forty-eight male adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four *** was provoked by ligation of left anterior descending coronary *** rats underwent adeno-associated virus injection of FST1 in tibialis anterior muscle and 4 weeks of resistance exercise via a tail-suspended incremental weight-climbing method(0-75%body weight,daily load increased by 10%;1 h/day,5 day/w).Heart function was evaluated by hemodynamics including LVSP,LVEDP and±dP/dt max;the cross-sectional area of muscle cells and myocardium fibrosis were analyzed by DiI and Masson’s stain-ing,respectively;the FSTL1 expression,endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis were visualized by immunofluores-cence staining;and protein expression was quantified by Western *** Resistance exercise reverted MI-induced skeletal muscle atrophy,increased muscle FSTL1 expression and stimulated skeletal muscle derived FSTL1 entering into the MI heart via blood *** overexpression of skeletal muscle FSTL1 improved myocardial endothelial cell proliferation,increased small vessel density in the fibrotic border,inhibited myocardial fibrosis and improved heart function in the MI rats after the exercise ***,DIP2A-PI3K-Akt-mTOR,Erk1/2 and TGFβ-Smad2/3 pathways were activated in the *** Resistance exercise stimulates skeletal muscle derived FSTL1 to reach the myocardium which makes a positive contribution to cardioprotection in MI rat.

关键词： Myocardial infarction Resistance exercise FSTL1 Skeletal muscle Angiogenesis

The role of exercise in rehabilitation of discharged COVID-19 patients

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2021年第4期3卷 194-201页

作者： Wenyan Bo Yue Xi zhenjun tian Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology School of Physical EducationShaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an710119China

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)mainly caused pneumonia and pulmonary fibrosis through upper respiratory tract infection,which resulted in acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)and multiorgan damage of cardiovascular,nervous,digestive,and genitourinary *** the virus test turned negative after the patient recovered,the damage to multiorgan caused by SARS-CoV-2 may ***,the health status of the recovered patients has gradually become the focus of people's *** coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)patients can receive exercise rehabilitation training after discharge?and what's the basis?We try to analyze and answer these questions,will provide some ideas about the patients to develop a reasonable and effective exercise rehabilitation program.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Exercise rehabilitation Inflammation cytokine storm Exercise response factor

Dynamic resistance exercise increases skeletal muscle-derived FSTL1 inducing cardiac angiogenesis via DIP2A-Smad2/3 in rats following myocardial infarction

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2021年第5期10卷 594-603页

作者： Yue Xi Meili Hao Qiaoqin Liang Yongxia Li Da-Wei Gong zhenjun tian Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an 710119China School of Physical Education Luoyang Normal UniversityLuoyang 471934China School of Life Science Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an 710119China Division of Endocrinology Diabetes and NutritionDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21201USA

Purpose:The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of dynamic resistance exercise to generate skeletal muscle-derived follistatin like-1(FSTL1),which may induce cardioprotection in rats following myocardial infarction(MI)by inducing ***:Male,adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups(n=12 in each group):sham group(S),sedentary MI group(MI),MI+resistance exercise group(MR),MI+adeno-associated virus(AAV)-FSTL1 injection group(MA),and MI+AAV-FSTL1 injection+resistance exercise group(MAR).The AAV-FSTL1 vector was prepared by molecular biology methods and injected into the anterior tibialis *** MI model was established by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary *** in the MR and MAR groups underwent 4 weeks of dynamic resistance exercise training using a weighted climbing-up *** function was evaluated by hemodynamic *** volume fraction of myocardium was observed and analyzed by Masson’s *** umbilical vein vessel endothelial cells culture and recombinant human FSTL1 protein or transforming growth factor-b receptor 1(TGFbR1)inhibitor treatment were used to elucidate the molecular signaling mechanism of ***,cell proliferation,and disco interacting protein 2 homolog A(DIP2A)location were observed by immunofluorescence *** expression of FSTL1,DIP2A,and the activation of signaling pathways were detected by Western *** of endothelial cells was observed by tubule ***-way analysis of variance and Student’s t test were used for statistical ***:Resistance exercise stimulated the secretion of skeletal muscle FSTL1,which promoted myocardial angiogenesis,inhibited pathological remodeling,and protected cardiac function in MI *** facilitated skeletal muscle FSTL1 to play a role in protecting the *** FSTL1 promoted the human umbilical vein vessel endothelial cells proliferation and up-regulated t

关键词： Angiogenesis Follistatin like-1 Myocardial infarction Resistance exercise Signaling mechanism

Up-regulation of Thioredoxin 1 by aerobic exercise training attenuates endoplasmic reticulum stress and cardiomyocyte apoptosis following myocardial infarction

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2020年第3期2卷 132-140页

作者： Mengxin Cai Zujie Xu Wenyan Bo Fangnan Wu Wenpu Qi zhenjun tian Institute of Sports Biology School of Physical EducationShaanxi Normal UniversityXi’anShaanxiChina

Exercise training(ET)has been reported to reduce oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress in the heart following myocardial infarction(MI).Thioredoxin 1(Trx1)plays a protective role in the infarcted ***,whether Trx1 regulates ER stress of the infarcted heart and participates in ET-induced cardiac protective effects are still not well *** this work,H9c2 cells were treated with hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))and recombinant human Trx1 protein(TXN),meanwhile,adult male C57B6L mice were used to establish the MI model,and subjected to a six-week aerobic exercise training(AET)with or without the injection of Trx1 inhibitor,*** showed that H_(2)O_(2)significantly increased reactive oxygen species(ROS)level and the expression of TXNIP,CHOP and cleaved caspase12,induced cell apoptosis;TXN intervention reduced ROS level and the expression of CHOP and cleaved caspase12,and inhibited cell apoptosis in H_(2)O_(2)-treated H9c2 ***,AET up-regulated endogenous Trx1 protein expression and down-regulated TXNIP expression,restored ROS level and the expression of ER stress-related proteins,inhibited cell apoptosis as well as improved cardiac fibrosis and heart function in mice after ***-12 partly inhibited the AET-induced beneficial effects in the infarcted *** study demonstrates that Trx1 attenuates ER stress-induced cell apoptosis,and AET reduces MI-induced ROS overproduction,ER stress and cell apoptosis partly through up-regulating of Trx1 expression in mice with MI.

关键词： Endoplasmic reticulum stress Myocardial infarction Exercise training Thioredoxin 1 Oxidative stress

不同运动强度大鼠心肌间质胶原网络结构重塑的扫描电镜观察

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体育科学 1999年第3期19卷 70-73,88页

作者：田振军陕西师范大学体育系暨运动生物学研究所西安710062

在不同运动强度实验动物模型上,采用扫描电子显微镜对心肌间质胶原网络结构重塑进行了观察研究。结果显示,心肌间质胶原网络结构在心肌、毛细血管及心内膜间以4种方式广泛分布,即“框格式”联接,“树根样”联接,直接联接和细胞内联接。... 详细信息

在不同运动强度实验动物模型上,采用扫描电子显微镜对心肌间质胶原网络结构重塑进行了观察研究。结果显示,心肌间质胶原网络结构在心肌、毛细血管及心内膜间以4种方式广泛分布,即“框格式”联接,“树根样”联接,直接联接和细胞内联接。运动可引起心肌间质胶原网络结构的重塑,一般运动负荷可使心肌与间质胶原网络同步增长,以适应心肌细胞肥大收缩力增加从而保证肌束间及心肌细胞间力的传递;运动超负荷可使心肌束间、心肌细胞间以及小动脉和毛细血管间不同类型胶原大量蓄积增生,导致心脏的僵硬度增加,舒缩功能降低。

关键词：运动大鼠心肌间质胶原网络重塑扫描电子显微镜

ELABELA Facilitates Exercise-Induced Cardioprotection in Post-Infarction Cardiac Remodeling

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ELABELA Facilitates Exercise-Induced Cardioprotection in Pos...

间歇低氧与间歇运动对心梗大鼠心肌HIF-1α、miR-126表达及血管新生影响的对比研究

2019中国生理学会运动生理学专业委员会会议暨“运动与慢性病防控”学术研讨会

作者： Yue Xi Yongxia Li Meili Hao Dawei Gong zhenjun tian Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology Shaanxi Normal University Division of Endocrinology Diabetes and Nutrition Department of Medicine University of Maryland School of Medicine

Objective: Exercise has been reported to have positive function after myocardial infarction(MI), but the mechanisms of exercise-induced cardioprotection are poorly understood. ELABELA(ELA) is a hormone and plays a vital role in cardiovascular system. The aim of this research is to investigate the effect and the mechanisms of exercise and exogenous ELA administration on cardioprotection in MI rat. Methods: MI was established by left coronary artery ligation. MI rats underwent 4 weeks of sustained aerobic exercise and Fc-ELA-21 or Fc-ELA-32 injection. H9 C2 cells were treated by ELA-14 peptide. Akt signal was inhibited by LY294002. Heart function was evaluated by hemodynamics;Myocardium fibrosis, cell proliferation, angiogenesis and apoptosis were visualized by Masson’s staining, immunohistochemistry and TUNEL, respectively;Protein expression was quantified by Western blotting. Results: Exercise induced angiogenesis and cardiomyocyte proliferation, reduced fibrosis and improved the function of MI heart. Fc-ELA-21 injection further facilitated the exercise-induced cardioprotection effects. APJ expression was up-regulated and Akt-mTOR-P70 S6 K signal was activated by both exercise and Fc-ELA-21. In H9 C2 cells, ELA-14 activated Akt signal by dose dependent manner. Akt signal inhibition invalidated ELA-14 function. Fc-ELA-32 directly improved structural and functional recovery of post-MI hearts. Conclusion: ELA is a heart protector and facilitates exercise-induced cardioprotection through Akt-mTOR-P70 S6 K signal in post-infarction cardiac remodeling.

关键词： myocardial infarction exercise ELABELA protection function

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中国体育科技 2021年第11期57卷 45-51页

作者：宋伟田振军陕西师范大学陕西西安710119

目的:比较间歇低氧和间歇运动干预对心梗大鼠心肌HIF-1α、miR-126表达及血管新生的影响,并对其相互之间的关系进行探讨。方法:雄性SD大鼠随机分为假心梗组(S)、心梗组(MI)、心梗+间歇低氧组(MIH)、心梗+间歇运动组(MIE)。人脐静脉内皮... 详细信息

目的:比较间歇低氧和间歇运动干预对心梗大鼠心肌HIF-1α、miR-126表达及血管新生的影响,并对其相互之间的关系进行探讨。方法:雄性SD大鼠随机分为假心梗组(S)、心梗组(MI)、心梗+间歇低氧组(MIH)、心梗+间歇运动组(MIE)。人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVECs)给予不同时间的低氧处理。左冠状动脉前降支结扎制备心肌梗死模型。4周正式训练结束次日测定心功能、心脏质量、胫骨长度、计算心胫比(HW/TL)。Masson染色观察分析心肌胶原容积分数(CFV),免疫荧光染色进行血管新生观察,RT-qPCR检测心肌和HUVECs miR-126表达,WesternBlotting检测心肌和HUVECs HIF-1α、Ets-2、VEGF表达。结果:与S组比较,MI组HW/TL显著升高,心肌HIF-1α、VEGF表达显著上调,miR-126表达显著下调,心肌CFV显著增加,心功能下降;与MI组比较,MIH组HW/TL显著降低,MIE组HW/TL显著升高,两组心肌HIF-1α、VEGF和miR-126表达均显著上调,心肌CFV显著降低,PCNA+/vWF+阳性颗粒增加,心功能显著提升,且IE效果显著优于IH。离体实验发现,随着低氧时间延长,HIF-1α、miR-126表达先上升后下降,变化趋势高度一致。结论:间歇低氧和间歇运动可能通过HIF-1α上调心梗心肌miR-126表达,促进心肌血管新生,改善心功能,且间歇运动产生的效果要优于间歇低氧。提示,对于临床上不适宜进行运动康复治疗的缺血性心脏病患者,间歇低氧可以作为一种很好的替代和补充。

关键词：心肌梗死间歇低氧间歇运动 HIF-1α miR-126 血管新生