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Maintaining moderate levels of hypochlorous acid promotes neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation in the recovery phase of stroke

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 845-857页

作者： Lin-Yan Huang yi-De zhang Jie Chen Hai-Di Fan Wan Wang Bin Wang Ju-Yun Ma Peng-Peng Li Hai-Wei Pu Xin-yian Guo Jian-Gang shen Su-Hua Qi School of Medical Technology Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Laboratory DiagnosticsXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina School of Pharmacy Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Laboratory Medicine Branch Hospital of Huai’an First People’s HospitalHuai’anJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Laboratory Medicine the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina School of Chinese Medicine The University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

It has been shown clinically that continuous removal of ischemia/reperfusion-induced reactive oxygen species is not conducive to the recovery of late ***,previous studies have shown that excessive increases in hypochlorous acid after stroke can cause severe damage to brain *** previous studies have found that a small amount of hypochlorous acid still exists in the later stage of stroke,but its specific role and mechanism are currently *** simulate stroke in vivo,a middle cerebral artery occlusion rat model was established,with an oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation model established in vitro to mimic *** found that in the early stage(within 24 hours)of ischemic stroke,neutrophils produced a large amount of hypochlorous acid,while in the recovery phase(10 days after stroke),microglia were activated and produced a small amount of hypochlorous ***,in acute stroke in rats,hypochlorous acid production was prevented using a hypochlorous acid scavenger,taurine,or myeloperoxidase inhibitor,4-aminobenzoic acid *** results showed that high levels of hypochlorous acid(200μM)induced neuronal apoptosis after oxygen/glucose deprivation/***,in the recovery phase of the middle cerebral artery occlusion model,a moderate level of hypochlorous acid promoted the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells into neurons and *** suggests that hypochlorous acid plays different roles at different phases of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion *** levels of hypochlorous acid(5 and 100μM)promoted nuclear translocation ofβ-*** transfection of single-site mutation plasmids,we found that hypochlorous acid induced chlorination of theβ-catenin tyrosine 30 residue,which promoted nuclear ***,our study indicates that maintaining low levels of hypochlorous acid plays a key role in the recovery of neurological function.

关键词： cell differentiation cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury chlorination hypochlorous acid microglia neural stem cell neurogenesis nuclear translocation stroke β-catenin

Comparison of Mg^(2+)- and Ca^(2+)-enhancing anaerobic granulation in an expanded granular sludge-bed reactor

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Science China Chemistry 2014年第11期57卷 1596-1601页

作者： CAO xiaolei shenG YuXing CAO HongBin zhang yi National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

The mechanisms responsible for the fast granulation of anaerobic sludge caused by Mg2+ and Ca2+ addition was examined in four lab-scale expanded granular sludge bed(EGSB) reactors. Results indicated that both Mg2+ and Ca2+ accelerated the sludge-granulation process and increased the amount of polysaccharides and proteins in the sludge. Energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry(EDX) analysis revealed that, in a mature granule, both Mg2+ and Ca2+ composed as phosphate and calcium was distributed primarily in the periphery of the granule, while magnesium distributed mainly in the interior. The addition of Mg2+ was more favorable for the nuclei formation, whereas the addition of Ca2+ was more favorable for subgranule growth and maintaining the granules' rigid structure. Results showed that the addition of Mg2+ in the nuclei formation stage and Ca2+ in the granule-growth stage accelerated granulation more than adding only one of them in the granulation process.

关键词： anaerobic granulation Ca2+ augmentation EPS Mg2+ augmentation

Satellite fault diagnosis method based on predictive filter and empirical mode decomposition

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2011年第1期22卷 83-87页

作者： yi shen yingchun zhang Zhenhua Wang School of Astronautics Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 E R. China

A novel satellite fault diagnosis scheme is presented based on the predictive filter and empirical mode composition（EMD）.First,the predictive filter is utilized to obtain the fault estimation,which is corrupted by *** the EMD method is introduced to decompose the fault estimation into a finite number of intrinsic mode functions and extract the trend of faults for fault *** proposed scheme has the ability of diagnosing both abrupt and incipient faults of the actuator in a satellite attitude control subsystem.A mathematical simulation is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

关键词： satellite fault diagnosis predictive filter empirical mode decomposition(EMD).

Security in edge-assisted Internet of Things:challenges and solutions

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2020年第12期63卷 27-40页

作者： Shuaiqi shen Kuan zhang yi ZHOU Song CI Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Nebraska-Lincoln School of Computer and Information Engineering Henan University Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University

The flourish of 5th generation wireless systems(5G) network has brought numerous benefits to the Internet of Things(IoT) with universal connectivity, improved data rate, and decreased latency. The development of IoT extends the computation-intensive applications from centralized servers to the edge of the network, promoting the paradigm of edge computing. Edge computing brings great assistance to IoT architecture by efficiently accomplishing tasks with lower latency, less energy consumption and reduced network bandwidth. Edge-assisted IoT emerges to provide location-aware services and offload computational tasks to edge nodes near the IoT devices. However, a series of security challenges still exist in edge-assisted IoT owing to the inherent vulnerabilities of edge nodes and sensitive nature of the collected data. Among the emerging and existing security schemes in IoT applications, security and energy consumption are two overriding yet conflicting requirements. The tradeoff between security and energy is critical to the sustainability of the IoT ecosystem but still lacks sufficient discussion. In this article, we investigate the security challenges in edge-assisted IoT and how the constraints in energy consumption can affect the design of security ***, we firstly present the architecture of edge-assisted IoT and its unique characteristics. Secondly,we identify the security threats in the edge-assisted IoT applications and the security-energy tradeoff during implementation. Thirdly, in a case study of distributed denial of service(DDoS) and malware injection attack, we propose a preliminary solution to address the conflict between security and energy ***, we discuss some open issues and identify future research directions for security and energy efficiency in edge-assisted IoT.

关键词： Internet of Things edge computing network security machine learning data analytics

Rectangle Attack Against Type-I Generalized Feistel Structures

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2022年第4期31卷 713-720页

作者： zhang yi LIU Guoqiang shen Xuan LI Chao College of Liberal Arts and Sciences National University of Defense Technology Hunan Engineering Research Center of Commercial Cryptography Theory and Technology Innovation State Key Laboratory of Information Security Institute of Information Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Information and Communication National University of Defense Technology

Type-I generalized Feistel networks(GFN) are widely used frameworks in symmetric-key primitive designs such as CAST-256 and Lesamnta. Different from the extensive studies focusing on specific block cipher instances, the analysis against Type-I GFN structures gives generic security evaluation of the basic frameworks and concentrates more on the effect of linear transformation. Currently, works in this field mainly evaluate the security against impossible differential attack,zero-correlation linear attack, meet-in-the-middle attack and yoyo game attack, while its security evaluation against rectangle attack is still missing. In this paper, we filled this gap and gave the first structural analytical results of Type-I GFN against rectangle attack. By exploiting its structural properties, we proved there exists a boomerang switch for Type-I GFN for the first time,which is independent of the round functions. Then we turned the boomerang switch into chosen plaintext setting and proposed a new rectangle attack model. By appending 1 more round in the beginning of the boomerang switch, we constructed a rectangle distinguisher and a key recovery attack could be performed.

关键词： meet-in-the-middle attack basic frameworks boomerang switch rectangle attack model specific block cipher instances GFN structures cryptography generic security evaluation Feistel networks Data security key recovery attack linear transformation Cryptography theory rectangle distinguisher yoyo game attack symmetric-key primitive designs zero-correlation linear attack differential attack structural properties structural analytical results Cryptography Feistel structures

Antibacterial and anti-flaming PA6 composite with metathetically prepared nano AgCl@BaSO_(4) co-precipitates

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2021年第2期15卷 340-350页

作者： Wei zhang Boren Xu Caihong Gong Chunwang yi shen zhang Key Laboratory of Sustainable Resources Processing and Advanced Materials of Hunan Province College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China National&Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China

In this study,a facile and environmentally friendly method with low energy consumption for preparing nanoscale AgCl and BaSO4 co-precipitates(AgCl@BaSO_(4) co-precipitates)was developed based on the metathetical ***,the dried co-precipitates were melt-compounded with polyamide 6(PA6)resins at a specified mass ratio in a twin-screw *** results demonstrated that in the absence of any coating agent or carrier,the nanoparticles of AgCl@BaSO_(4) co-precipitates were homogeneously dispersed in the PA6 *** analysis showed that after the addition of AgCl@BaSO_(4) co-precipitates,the antibacterial performance,along with the flame-retardance and anti-dripping characteristics of PA6,was enhanced *** addition,the PA6 composites possessed high spinnability in producing pre-oriented yarn.

关键词： nano AgCl@BaSO_(4)co-precipitates antibacterial flame resistance PA6 composite PA6 yarn

An alkaline fusion mechanism for aluminate rare earth phosphor:cation-oxoanion synergies theory

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Rare Metals 2019年第4期38卷 299-305页

作者： yi-Fan Liu shen-Gen zhang Bo Liu Han-Lin shen Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology University of Science and Technology Beijing

Waste aluminate rare earth phosphor is an important rare earth elements (REEs) secondary resource, which mainly consists of BaMgAl1()O|7:Eu2+(BAM) and CeMgAl11O19:Tb^3+(CMAT). Alkaline fusion process is widely used to recycle REEs from aluminate phosphor, but the related theory remains imperfect. In this paper, a series of alkaline fusion experiments of CMAT were performed to describe the phase change law of CMAT reactions. Based on comprehensive analysis, cation-oxoanion synergies theory (COST) was proposed to explain the aluminate phosphor structure damage. On the mirror plane of aluminate phosphor crystal structure, alkali metal cations (Na^+,K^+) would substitute rare earth ions, while free oxoanion (OH^-, CO3^2-, O2^2-) can combine with rare earth ions. These two ionic forces ensure that rare earth ions can be substituted by cations. Then, the structure is decomposed. Morphological analysis shows that observable expression of COST can be described by shrinking core model after simplification. Reaction rate constant calculated indicates that the reaction degree is nanometers per second. COST provides a more complete mechanism, and it can help improve rare earth recycling technology furtherly.

关键词： Aluminate phosphor Alkaline fusion Rare earth Mechanism

Adsorption properties of Ⅴ(Ⅳ) on resin-activated carbon composite electrodes in capacitive deionization

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2021年第11期28卷 1777-1787页

作者： Xiao-man Tian shen-xu Bao yi-min zhang School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for High Efficient Utilization of Vanadium Resources Hubei Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Cleaning Utilization for Shale Vanadium ResourceWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081China

Composite electrodes prepared by cation exchange resins and activated carbon(AC)were used to adsorb Ⅴ(Ⅳ)in capacitive deionization(CDI).The electrode made of middle resin size(D860/AC M)had the largest specific surface area and mesoporous content than two other composite *** analysis showed that D860/AC M presents higher specific capacitance and electrical double layer capacitor than the others,and significantly lower internal diffusion ***,D860/AC M exhibits the highest adsorption capacity and rate of Ⅴ(Ⅳ)among three *** intra-particle diffusion model fits well in the initial adsorption stage,while the liquid film diffusion model is more suitable for fitting at the later *** pseudo-second-order kinetic model is suited for the entire adsorption *** adsorption of Ⅴ(Ⅳ)on the composite electrode follows that of the Freundlich *** analysis indicates that the adsorption of Ⅴ(Ⅳ)is an exothermic process with entropy reduction,and the electric field force plays a dominant role in the CDI *** work aims to improve our understanding of the ion adsorption behaviors and mechanisms on the composite electrodes in CDI.

关键词： capacitive deionization composite electrode vanadium electrochemical behavior kinetics

Darwin:a neuromorphic hardware co-processor based on Spiking Neural Networks

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2016年第2期59卷 232-236页

作者： Juncheng shen De MA Zonghua GU Ming zhang xiaolei ZHU Xiaoqiang XU Qi XU Yangjing shen Gang PAN College of Computer Science Zhejiang University Institute of VLSI Design Zhejiang University Key Laboratory of RF Circuits and Systems Ministry of Education Hangzhou Dianzi University

Broadly speaking, the goal of neuromorphic engineering is to build computer systems that mimic the brain. Spiking Neural Network(SNN) is a type of biologically-inspired neural networks that perform information processing based on discrete-time spikes, different from traditional Artificial Neural Network(ANN).Hardware implementation of SNNs is necessary for achieving high-performance and low-power. We present the Darwin Neural Processing Unit(NPU), a neuromorphic hardware co-processor based on SNN implemented with digitallogic, supporting a maximum of 2048 neurons, 20482= 4194304 synapses, and 15 possible synaptic *** Darwin NPU was fabricated by standard 180 nm CMOS technology with an area size of 5 × 5 mm2and70 MHz clock frequency at the worst case. It consumes 0.84 m W/MHz with 1.8 V power supply for typical applications. Two prototype applications are used to demonstrate the performance and efficiency of the hardware implementation.

关键词： neuromorphic computing Spiking Neural Networks(SNN) digital VLSI