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Co_(3)O_(4)as an efficient passive NO_(x) adsorber for emission control during cold-start of diesel engines

Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第2期66卷 1-7页

作者： Jinhuang Cai Shijie Hao Yun Zhang Xiaomin Wu zhenguo li Huawang Zhao Department of Environmental Science&Engineering College of Chemical EngineeringHuaqiao UniversityXiamen 361021China Wuxi Weifu Environmental Catalysts Co. LtdWuxi 214000China National Engineering Laboratory for Mobile Source Emission Control Technology China Automotive Technology&Research Center Co.Ltd.Tianjin 300300China

The Co_(3)O_(4)nanoparticles,dominated by a catalytically active(110)lattice plane,were synthesized as a low-temperature NO_(x) adsorbent to control the cold start emissions from vehicles.These nanoparticles boast a substantial quantity of active chemisorbed oxygen and lattice oxygen,which exhibited a NO_(x) uptake capacity commensurate with Pd/SSZ-13 at 100℃.The primary NO_(x) release temperature falls within a temperature range of 200-350℃,making it perfectly suitable for diesel engines.The characterization results demonstrate that chemisorbed oxygen facilitate nitro/nitrites intermediates formation,contributing to the NO_(x) storage at 100℃,while the nitrites begin to decompose within the 150-200℃range.Fortunately,lattice oxygen likely becomes involved in the activation of nitrites into more stable nitrate within this particular temperature range.The concurrent processes of nitrites decomposition and its conversion to nitrates results in a minimal NO_(x) release between the temperatures of 150-200℃.The nitrate formed via lattice oxygen mainly induces the NO_(x) to be released as NO_(2) within a temperature range of 200-350℃,which is advantageous in enhancing the NO_(x) activity of downstream NH_(3)-SCR catalysts,by boosting the fast SCR reaction pathway.Thanks to its low cost,considerable NO_(x) absorption capacity,and optimal release temperature,Co_(3)O_(4)demonstrates potential as an effective material for passive NO_(x) adsorber applications.

关键词： Emission control Cold-start Low-temperature adsorption Co_(3)O_(4) Nitrate formation

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An overview of detecting gene-trait associations by integrating GWAS summary statistics and eQTLs

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Science China(life Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1133-1154页

作者： Yang Zhang Mengyao Wang zhenguo li Xuan Yang Keqin li Ao Xie Fang Dong Shihan Wang Jianbing Yan Jianxiao liu National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Key Laboratory of Smart Farming for Agricultural Animals Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China College of Informatics Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China College of life Sciences Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071China

Detecting genes that affect specific traits(such as human diseases and crop yields)is important for treating complex diseases and improving crop quality.A genome-wide association study(GWAS)provides new insights and directions for understanding complex traits by identifying important single nucleotide polymorphisms.Many GWAS summary statistics data related to various complex traits have been gathered recently.Studies have shown that GWAS risk loci and expression quantitative trait loci(e QTLs)often have a lot of overlaps,which makes gene expression gradually become an important intermediary to reveal the regulatory role of GWAS.In this review,we review three types of gene-trait association detection methods of integrating GWAS summary statistics and e QTLs data,namely colocalization methods,transcriptome-wide association study-oriented approaches,and Mendelian randomization-related methods.At the theoretical level,we discussed the differences,relationships,advantages,and disadvantages of various algorithms in the three kinds of gene-trait association detection methods.To further discuss the performance of various methods,we summarize the significant gene sets that influence highdensity lipoprotein,low-density lipoprotein,total cholesterol,and triglyceride reported in 16 studies.We discuss the performance of various algorithms using the datasets of the four lipid traits.The advantages and limitations of various algorithms are analyzed based on experimental results,and we suggest directions for follow-up studies on detecting gene-trait associations.

关键词： gene-trait association GWAS eQTL colocalization transcriptome-wide association study(TWAS) Mendelian randomization(MR)

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Efficient NO_x abatement by passive adsorption over a Pd-SAPO-34 catalyst prepared by solid-state ion exchange

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第4期35卷 210-213页

作者： linhui liu Wuwan Xiong Mingli Fu Junliang Wu zhenguo li Daiqi Ye Peirong Chen National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and Equipment Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution ControlSchool of Environment and EnergySouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China National Engineering Laboratory for Mobile Source Emission Control Technology China Automotive Technology&Research Center Co.Ltd.Tianjin 300300China

Palladium-exchanged chabazite(Pd-CHA) zeolites as passive NO_x adsorbers(PNAs) enable efficient purification of nitrogen oxides(NO_x) in cold-start diesel exhausts. Their commercial application, however,is limited by the lack of facile preparation method. Here, high-performance CHA-type Pd-SAPO-34 zeolite was synthesized by a modified solid-state ion exchange(SSIE) method using PdO as Pd precursor,and demonstrated superior PNA performance as compared to Pd-SAPO-34 prepared by conventional wetchemistry strategies. Structural characterization using Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction revealed that the SSIE method avoided water-induced damage to the zeolite framework during Pd loading. Mechanistic investigations on the SSIE process by in situ infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy disclosed that, while PdO precursor was mainly converted to Pd^(2+) cations coordinated to the zeolite framework by consuming the-OH groups of the zeolite, a portion of PdO could also undergo thermal decomposition to form highly dispersed Pd~0 clusters in the pore channels. This simplified and scalable SSIE method paves a new way for the cost-effective synthesis of defect-free high-performance Pd-SAPO-34 zeolites as PNA catalysts.

关键词： Pd-SAPO-34 Passive NO_x adsorber Pd loading Solid-state ion exchange Pd transformation

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Modulate the superficial structure of La_(2)Ce_(2)O_(7) catalyst with anchoring CuO_(x) species for the selective catalytic oxidation of NH_(3)

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第16期111卷 1-8页

作者： Xiangchen Kong zhenguo li Yuankai Shao Xiaoning Ren Kaixiang li Hanming Wu Congjie Lv Cheng Lv Shengli Zhu National Engineering Laboratory for Mobile Source Emission Control Technology China Automotive Technology&Research Center Co.Ltd.Tianjin 300300China School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China School of Materials Science and Engineering Lanzhou Jiaotong UniversityLanzhou 730070China

Air contamination caused by the ammonia slip phenomenon has gradually captured the researcher’s extensive attention.An effective strategy for controlling fugitive NH_(2)is critical to improving the air quality and living environment.In the present work,CuO_(x)/La_(2)Ce_(2)O_(7)composite as a potential candidate catalyst is synthesized through the electrostatic adsorption method for the selective catalytic oxidation(SCO_(2))of NH_(2)to N.The 5%Cu Ox/La_(2)Ce_(2)O_(7)exhibits the best catalytic activity(T=243℃)and ammonia conversion efficiency.The improvement of performance is mainly attributed to the superficial connection of[Ce-O-Cu],which enhances the capturing ability of ammonia molecule and accelerates the dissociating efficiency of N–H bonding for Nevolution,simultaneously.This work provides a facile method to synthesis pyrochlore-like composite catalyst of NH_(2)-SCO_(2) for solving the problem of ammonia slip pollution in the future.

关键词： La_(2)Ce_(2)O_(7)catalyst Selective catalytic oxidation CuO_(x)species Ammonia slip

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Experimental Analysis of the Influence of Exhaust Thermal Management on Engine NO_(x) Emission

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2022年第3期18卷 701-711页

作者： Jinliang Zhu Xiulei Wang Guihua Wang Xianglin Zhong zhenguo li Zhiming Wang Ke Sun Shuzhan Bai School of Energy and Power Engineering Shandong UniversityJinan250061China China Automotive Technology&Research Center Co. Ltd.Tianjin300300China National Engineering Laboratory of Mobile Source Emission Control Technology Tianjin300300China

Exhaust thermal management is essential to allow engines to meet the Euro VI emissions standards and reducing nitrogen oxide emissions is one of the most important targets being pursued nowadays.Along these lines,in the present study,engine’s thermal performances have been evaluated on the basis of a WHTC test,namely a transient engine dynamometer schedule defined by the global technical regulation(GTR)developed by the UN ECE GRPE group(the GTR is covering a world-wide harmonized heavy-duty certification(WHDC)procedure for engine exhaust emissions).The influence of thermal management on fuel consumption,intake,and tailpipe NO_(x) have been quantitatively analyzed for the overrun state.The results have shown that there can be a strong influence on the after-treatment temperatures and tailpipe NO_(x).In particular,the average temperature upstream of the diesel oxidation catalyst(DOC)has been found to increase from 245°C to 254°C,the average temperature of the selective catalytic reduction(SCR)to increase from 248°C to 253°C,the SCR’s minimum temperature to increase from 196°C to 204°C,and the peak value of the NO_(x) emissions in the low-temperature region to decrease from 73 to 51 mg/s.However,the influence of the overrun state’s thermal management strategy on the fuel consumption,the air intake,the ammonia storage,the NO_(2)/NO_(x) ratio,and the urea consumption has been observed to be relatively limited.

关键词： Intake throttling valve NO_(x)emissions overrun diesel

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Investigation on the urea deposit formation and thermal decomposition characteristics in the SCR aftertreatment system of a diesel engine

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第5期33卷 157-171页

作者： Menghan li Yao Zhang Jiancheng Yang Xiaori liu zhenguo li Qiang Zhang Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control School of Energy and Environmental EngineeringHebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300401China School of Civil and Transportation Engineering Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300401China National Engineering Laboratory for Mobile Source Emission Control Technology China Automotive Technology&Research Center Co.Ltd.Tianjin 300300China State Key Laboratory of Engines Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China School of Energy and Power Engineering Shandong UniversityJinanShandong 250061China

Selective catalytic reduction is the most efficient and reliable equipment for NOx control in current diesel engines. However, the issue of urea crystallization becomes increasingly serious with the implement of the new emissions standards. In this paper, urea deposit samples collected from engine test bed and tube furnace were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis and Fourier transform-infrared analysis to aid the comprehension of urea deposit formation. Moreover, thermogravimetric tests were conducted to disclose the effects of catalyst on the thermal decomposition processes of urea deposit. The results indicated that less temperature resistant species are formed in the engine test bed than in the tube furnace at conditions with the same temperatures. The main compositions in the World Harmonized Transient Cycle(WHTC) urea deposits are urea, cyanuric acid(CYA) and ammelide, implying that accelerating the decomposition of these species could prevent the accumulation of urea deposit. CuWTi, Cu β and CuZSM catalysts could lead to increased yield of CYA during pure urea thermolysis. Cu β, CuWTi and VWTi catalysts tend to promote the thermolysis of CYA while VWTi has the most significant catalytic effects on the thermal decomposition of ammelide and ammeline.

关键词： Urea deposit Decomposition characteristics Selective catalytic reduction Catalyst Thermolysis

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资本主义现代化的文明危机及其批判

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世界社会科学 2024年第1期 165-182+246-247页

作者：孟献丽李振国浙江工商大学马克思主义学院

世界范围内，资本主义现代化的文明危机日益严峻。工具理性是资本主义现代化的文明内核，剥削性积累是资本主义现代化的本质特征，工具理性逐渐使资本主义现代化走向进步的对立面，剥削性积累更是全面引发了资本主义现代化的文明危机。... 详细信息

世界范围内，资本主义现代化的文明危机日益严峻。工具理性是资本主义现代化的文明内核，剥削性积累是资本主义现代化的本质特征，工具理性逐渐使资本主义现代化走向进步的对立面，剥削性积累更是全面引发了资本主义现代化的文明危机。资本主义现代化伴随着资本主义文明的全球扩张，其真正目的是推行大国霸权。资本主义现代化不仅加剧了两极分化的社会危机，还隐含着巨大的精神危机；既加速了摧毁和平的战争危机，又蔓延着事关人类未来的生态危机。究其根本，上述危机的根源在于资本主义私有制。与资本主义现代化相区别，中国式现代化追求全体人民共同富裕，统筹推进物质和精神协调发展，走和平发展的现代化道路，促进人与自然和谐共生，构建人类命运共同体，大力建设中华民族现代文明。中国式现代化创造了人类文明新形态，在超越资本主义文明的同时又使中华文明焕发新的蓬勃生机。

关键词：资本主义现代化资本主义文明文明危机中国式现代化

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多孔介质微观结构对柴油机颗粒捕集器性能影响的模拟探究

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哈尔滨工程大学学报 2024年第5期45卷 886-893页

作者：李志军李智洋李振国王妍杨绵松天津大学内燃机燃烧学国家重点实验室天津300072 中国汽车技术研究中心有限公司天津300300

为了优化柴油机颗粒捕集器的捕集、压降性能,本文基于孔径概率密度函数和孔隙率分布函数建立了二维柴油机颗粒捕集器孔道微观结构模型,考虑了拦截机理和扩散机理用以计算颗粒在过滤器中的沉积分布情况和捕集效率。计算结果表明:多孔介... 详细信息

为了优化柴油机颗粒捕集器的捕集、压降性能,本文基于孔径概率密度函数和孔隙率分布函数建立了二维柴油机颗粒捕集器孔道微观结构模型,考虑了拦截机理和扩散机理用以计算颗粒在过滤器中的沉积分布情况和捕集效率。计算结果表明:多孔介质微观结构和入口速度对颗粒捕集效率的影响与粒径有关,100 nm粒径颗粒随流速增大初始捕集效率降低最为明显,1000 nm粒径颗粒在不同均匀性的过滤壁下的捕集效率差超过了30%;孔径分布函数方差越大,颗粒就会更多地分布在过滤壁前端,捕集效率也越高,但较大的孔径方差会导致捕集器的初始压降增大和捕集过程结束时的性能出现恶化。

关键词：颗粒捕集器数值模拟微观结构概率密度函数压降捕集效率

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Facile synthesis of defected TiO_(2-x)(B) nanosheet/graphene oxide hybrids with high photocatalytic H_(2) activity

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第21期80卷 171-178页

作者： Xiangchen Kong Huiming Huang Zhaoyang li Yanqin liang zhenguo li Shengli Zhu School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin300350China National Engineering Laboratory for Mobile Source Emission Control Technology China Automotive Technology&Research Center Co.Ltd.Tianjin300300China School of Materials Science and Engineering Lanzhou Jiaotong UniversityLanzhou730070China

TiO_(2)(B) nanosheets/GO(graphene oxide) hybrids are considered to be outstanding performance photocatalysts for high efficiency of H_(2) evolution. However, they still suffer severe challenges during the synthetic processes, such as a large amount of the capping agents adhering on the surface and easy occurrence of aggregation. To figure out these obstacles, Ar plasma treatment as a modified method in this study not only enable the TiO_(2)(B) nanosheets distributed uniformly on the GO sheets but also engineer defects within TiO_(2)(B) nanosheets to significantly improve the photocatalytic activity for the water splitting. The hydrogen evolution rate of the TiO_(2)-x(B)/GO sheets is 1.4 times higher compared with that of original TiO_(2)(B)/GO sheets without Ar plasma treatment. The improved photocatalytic properties were owing to the synergetic effects of oxygen vacancies and the heterojunction between GO and TiO_(2)(B), which can promote the visible light utilization and accelerate separation and transportation of photogenerated electron-holes. This study can provide a facile pathway to prepare the two-dimensional hybrid photocatalysts with high photocatalytic H_(2) activity.

关键词： TiO_(2)(B)nanosheets Plasma etching Structure defect Heterojunction Photocatalytic H_(2)evolution

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Pd(111)与Pt(111)上NO氧化的第一性原理研究

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天津大学学报（自然科学与工程技术版） 2024年第6期57卷 588-594页

作者：李志军曹飞王学豹李世龙张时杰李振国先进内燃动力全国重点实验室(天津大学) 天津300072 中国北方发动机研究所天津300400 中国汽车技术研究中心有限公司天津300300

随着排放法规的日益严格,发动机的氮氧化物(NO_(x))后处理已成为当今研究的重点问题.针对目前可有效降低稀燃汽油机NO_(x)的稀燃氮氧化物捕集器中铂(Pt)和钯(Pd)两种贵金属之间的替换问题,进行了密度泛函理论(density functional theory... 详细信息

随着排放法规的日益严格,发动机的氮氧化物(NO_(x))后处理已成为当今研究的重点问题.针对目前可有效降低稀燃汽油机NO_(x)的稀燃氮氧化物捕集器中铂(Pt)和钯(Pd)两种贵金属之间的替换问题,进行了密度泛函理论(density functional theory,DFT)计算研究.首先,对一氧化氮(NO)、氧气(O_(2))、二氧化氮(NO_(2))在两种催化剂(111)表面的吸附进行了研究,之后,在两催化剂表面对比研究了氧化过程中涉及的O_(2)解离与NO氧化两反应过程,揭示了NO在Pd与Pt催化剂上的氧化机理.结果显示:3种物质在催化剂表面的吸附强度为NO>O_(2)>NO_(2).氧覆盖度将会改变氮氧化物的最佳吸附构型,随着表面氧原子的增加NO会由三重空位式吸附转变为顶点吸附,NO_(2)会由μ-N,O-亚硝基吸附转变为硝基吸附.在O_(2)解离过程中Pt的催化能力优于Pd,但是两者对NO氧化的催化能力接近.在Pd和Pt表面反应限速步骤都是O_(2)的解离,Pd对O_(2)较弱的解离能力导致了其NO的转化效率低于Pt.氧覆盖度对氧化过程存在影响,通过电子结构分析发现,氧覆盖度的提升使催化剂与吸附物质之间的吸附能下降,这导致了反应由吸热变为放热,使催化可以自发进行.反应生成的NO_(2)需要1.00 eV以上的能量完成脱附,这在原子层面解释了NO_(2)对NO氧化反应的抑制作用.

关键词：稀燃氮氧化物捕集器第一性原理铂族催化剂一氧化氮氧化

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