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学科类培训机构缩减对学生在校时长的影响:基于“双减”政策的评估研究

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华东师范大学学报（教育科学版） 2025年第1期43卷 37-48页

作者：陆伟魏易杭州师范大学经亨颐教育学院杭州311121 北京大学中国教育财政科学研究所北京100871

对校外培训机构的治理整顿是“双减”改革的重要内容之一。本文使用大众点评网学科类培训机构的商铺信息,结合高德地图地理编码和搜索POI应用接口,以及全国中小学教育信息化使用情况调查等数据,实证检验了学科类校外培训机构缩减对学生... 详细信息

对校外培训机构的治理整顿是“双减”改革的重要内容之一。本文使用大众点评网学科类培训机构的商铺信息,结合高德地图地理编码和搜索POI应用接口,以及全国中小学教育信息化使用情况调查等数据,实证检验了学科类校外培训机构缩减对学生在校时长的影响。研究发现:(1)“双减”期间,全国层面学科类培训机构的缩减比例约为88%。(2)学校周边学科类培训机构的缩减程度越高,学生每天待在学校内的时间也越多,也即校内教育与校外教育出现一定程度的替代,且这种替代效应在弱势阶层群体中更为明显;在北上广深四个一线城市不明显,但在其他众多二三线城市可以观察到。(3)学校周边学科类培训机构的缩减程度越高,学生在学校内完成课后作业的概率也越高,而在校外辅导班完成课后作业的概率则越低;但培训机构缩减对学生完成课后作业的总时长没有影响。

关键词： “双减” 学科类培训机构校外培训在校时长

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欧美硕博论文中的中国武术研究现状及特征

湖北科技学院学报 2025年第1期45卷 86-94页

作者：卢安淮北师范大学体育学院安徽淮北235000

为了解中国武术在欧美高校的学术影响力,帮助中国学者洞悉他者眼中的中国武术的样态,运用数理分析和文本分析的方法,对世界著名的学位论文数据库(ProQuest)2000-2023年间收录的有关中国武术的83篇硕博论文进行梳理。研究发现:1)从年度... 详细信息

为了解中国武术在欧美高校的学术影响力,帮助中国学者洞悉他者眼中的中国武术的样态,运用数理分析和文本分析的方法,对世界著名的学位论文数据库(ProQuest)2000-2023年间收录的有关中国武术的83篇硕博论文进行梳理。研究发现:1)从年度发文量上看,随着人口老龄化和慢性病的流行,以太极拳为代表的中国武术在治未病和慢性病方面的疗效已经逐渐得到关注;2)从研究生的培养单位来看,有关中国武术的硕博论文主要集中在美国,其它国家尚无这个领域的研究团队或者即使有团队,但是研究方向尚不稳定;3)从导师阵容来看,非华裔导师居多;4)从研究内容来看,人文社会科学领域主要集中在武侠文学、功夫影片、武术教学、功夫哲学等方面,自然科学领域关注点在于太极拳对心理疾病、平衡能力、肥胖症、记忆力等的效用。进一步分析得出欧美硕博论文中的中国武术研究具有以下特征:1)研究理念上追求特异性;2)研究内容上具有多元性;3)研究方法上崇尚跨界性;4)研究趋势上呈现离散性。该研究对于我国民族传统体育学研究生培养体系的完善和中国武术全球化发展战略的实施,具有重要的镜鉴意义。

关键词：欧美中国武术硕博论文学术研究

Role of nutrition in diabetes mellitus and infections

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第3期13卷 1-8页

作者： Xue-lu Yu Li-Yun Zhou Xiao Huang Xin-Yue Li Ming-Ke Wang Ji-Shun Yang Naval Medical Center of PLA Naval Medical UniversityShanghai 200052China

In this editorial,we have commented on the article that has been published in the recent issue of World Journal of Clinical *** authors have described a case of unilateral thyroid cyst and have opined that the acute onset of infection may be linked to diabetes mellitus(DM).We have focused on the role of nutrition in the association between DM and *** with DM are at a high risk of infection,which could also be attributed to nutrition-related *** interventions for patients with diabetes are mainly based on a low-calorie diet,which can be achieved by adhering to a low-carbohydrate ***,dietary fiber supplementation is recommended to maintain the diversity of the gut ***,high-quality protein can prevent the increased risk of infection due to *** of vitamins C,vitamins A,vitamins D,and folic acid improves blood sugar control and facilitates immune *** deficiencies augment the risk of infection,but the relationship with diabetes is mostly U-shaped and a good intake should be maintained.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Infection Macronutrients Vitamins Minerals

PRKCQ-AS1通过Akt信号促进气道平滑肌细胞增殖的研究

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中国药理学通报 2025年第1期41卷 88-94页

作者：吴露依胡方启安庆医药高等专科学校临床科研中心安庆市立医院安徽安庆246000

目的探讨PRKCQ-AS1在气道平滑肌细胞(airway smooth muscle cells,ASMCs)的作用。方法首先通过转录组测序技术(RNA-seq)检测哮喘儿童肺泡灌洗液中的差异表达基因(differentially expressed genes,DEGs)。随后,分别构建PRKCQ-AS1慢病毒敲低和过表达载体并转染ASMCs。qRT-PCR方法检测了ASMCs中PRKCQ-AS1的表达;用CCK-8和流式细胞术分别检测ASMCs的增殖和凋亡;酶联免疫吸附测定(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)检测ASMCs培养上清液中TNF-α和IL-1β的含量;lncRNA芯片检测PRKCQ-AS1敲低后的DEGs并进行KEGG通路富集;Western blot检测p-Akt和Akt的水平。结果RNA-seq结果显示,PRKCQ-AS1是上调最明显的DEGs之一。PRKCQ-AS1过表达促进了ASMCs的增殖和迁移并抑制了其凋亡,同时,PRKCQ-AS1过表达使上清液中炎性因子TNF-α和IL-1β的水平升高,而PRKCQ-AS1敲低则呈现相反的结果。对PRKCQ-AS1敲低后得到的606个DEGs进行KEGG信号通路富集分析,结果显示PI3K-Akt信号被明显富集。Western blot结果表明,PRKCQ-AS1敲低抑制了Akt的活化;相反,PRKCQ-AS1过表达则促进了Akt的水平。结论PRKCQ-AS1可能通过增强Akt信号促进ASMCs炎症反应,进而加剧了ASMCs的增殖和迁移,最终导致哮喘的发展。

关键词： PRKCQ-AS1 ASMCs 哮喘 Akt信号细胞实验炎性细胞因子

Based on non-targeted metabolomics for differential components screening of Rosae Chinensis Flos and Rosae Rugosae Flos and their quality evaluation

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Traditional Medicine Research 2025年第2期10卷 1-15页

作者： Xu Liang Ni-Hui Zhang Zhi-Lai Zhan Guang-lu Chang Yan Gao Xia Li Wen-Yuan Gao School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Faculty of MedicineTianjin UniversityTianjin 300193China State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100700China Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Resources Research Enterprises Tianjin 300402China

Background:Rosa chinensis *** Rosa rugosa *** not only of ornamental value,but also edible flowers and the flower buds have been listed in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia as traditional *** two plants have some differences in efficacy,but the flower buds are easily confused for similar *** addition,large-scale cultivation of ornamental rose flowers may lead to a decrease in the effective components of medicinal ***,it is necessary to study the chemical composition and make quality evaluation of Rosae Chinensis Flos(Yueji)and Rosae Rugosae Flos(Meigui).Methods:In this study,40 batches of samples including Meigui and Yueji from different regions in China were collected to establish high-performance liquid chromatography ***,the fingerprints data was analyzed using principal component analysis,hierarchical cluster analysis,and partial least squares discriminant analysis analysis chemometrics to obtain information on intergroup differences,and non-targeted metabolomic techniques were applied to identify and compare chemical compositions of samples which were chosen from groups with large *** compounds were screened by orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis and S-plot,and finally multi-component quantification was performed to comprehensively evaluate the quality of Yueji and ***:The similarity between the fingerprints of 40 batches roses and the reference print R was 0.73 to 0.93,indicating that there were similarities and differences between the *** principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis of fingerprints data,the samples from different origins and varieties were intuitively divided into four *** least-squares discriminant analysis analysis showed that Meigui and Yueji cluster into two categories and the model was reliable.A total of 89 compounds were identified by high resolution mass spectrometry,mainly were flavonoids and flavon

关键词： Rosa chinensis Jacq. Rosa rugosa Thunb. metabolomics chemometrics multiple component quantification quality evaluation

社会福利水平与资源消耗耦合协调的时空演化及驱动因素

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生态经济 2025年第1期41卷 185-194页

作者：王璐方行明成都大学马克思主义学院四川成都610100 西南财经大学中国西部经济研究院四川成都611100

基于2004—2020年中国省级面板数据,通过构建耦合协调度模型测算社会福利水平与资源消耗之间的协调程度。然后,构建空间杜宾模型实证检验两者耦合协调发展的驱动机制并对各驱动因素的空间效应进行分解。研究结果显示:(1)研究期间内,中... 详细信息

基于2004—2020年中国省级面板数据,通过构建耦合协调度模型测算社会福利水平与资源消耗之间的协调程度。然后,构建空间杜宾模型实证检验两者耦合协调发展的驱动机制并对各驱动因素的空间效应进行分解。研究结果显示:(1)研究期间内,中国社会福利水平与资源消耗之间的耦合协调度整体呈上升趋势,仅个别年份存在回落现象;西部地区耦合协调度低于东、中部地区,而中部地区后来居上,于2017年反超东部地区;上海、北京耦合协调度一直处于领先水平,天津2015年后耦合协调度递减明显。(2)经济规模、产业结构、技术进步、能源消费结构、能源强度、外商投资以及政府规模显著驱动社会福利水平与资源消耗耦合协调发展。(3)社会福利水平与资源消耗耦合协调发展的过程中对周边地区存在正向空间溢出效应,各驱动因素对耦合协调度的影响也存在空间溢出效应。其中,产业结构、技术进步与能源消费结构的直接效应与间接效应方向相反。

关键词：社会福利水平资源消耗耦合协调度驱动因素空间效应分解

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中国特色自贸港立法权行使路径研究

国际商务研究 2025年第1期46卷 101-114页

作者：刘云亮卢晋海南大学海南海口570228

中国特色自贸港实施开放型经济新体制,亟需高水平开放、高质量发展的法治创新保障。自贸港立法权行使不仅需要创新自贸港法规内容体系,而且更需要创新自贸港立法路径,这充分彰显自贸港改革开放与立法创新法治保障的良性互动关系,尤其凸... 详细信息

中国特色自贸港实施开放型经济新体制,亟需高水平开放、高质量发展的法治创新保障。自贸港立法权行使不仅需要创新自贸港法规内容体系,而且更需要创新自贸港立法路径,这充分彰显自贸港改革开放与立法创新法治保障的良性互动关系,尤其凸显自贸港立法权行使路径创新与自贸港法规体系构建的新颖性。自贸港法规制定权、调法调规变通权和自贸港立法授权成为自贸港立法权行使路径创新渠道,促成自贸港立法权能拓展新内容。自贸港法规制定权需要对标国际经贸规则。自贸港调法调规聚焦适用具有更多实用性和先行性的领域。自贸港立法权行使不仅聚焦自贸港法规内容的制度型开放,立法内容致力于促进高水平开放和高质量发展,而且注重自贸港法规的合宪性与改革创新相融合的立法监督机制协同推进。敢于变通和创制立法,遵循立法授权,成为自贸港立法权行使路径规制,更是当下加快实现封关运作的立法及调法调规的需要,确保自贸港扩大制度型开放、融入国际高水平自贸网络的法治保障。

关键词：自贸港高水平开放立法创新调法调规

Bifunctional bridging capping layer enables 24.5% efficiency of perovskite solar cells with polymer-based hole transport materials

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期 350-359页

作者： Can Zhu Yiyang Wang Lei Meng Beibei Qiu Jing Li Shucheng Qin Ke Hu Xin Jiang Wenbin Lai Minchao Liu Zhe Liu Chenxing lu Jinyuan Zhang Yongfang Li Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Chemical Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Solid State Optoelectronic Devices of Zhejiang Province College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering Zhejiang Normal University Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow University

Developing a bridge capping layer between perovskite and hole transport layer materials（HTMs） in the n-i-p perovskite solar cells（pero-SCs） is an effective approach to modify the morphology of HTMs and passivate the perovskite ***, we select the quinoxaline-based bifunctional passivation agent, quinoxalin-6-yl-methylamine hydrochloride（Qx MACl）,as the bridging layer, and a D-A copolymer PBQ12 containing the same quinoxaline unit as an HTM for the n-i-p pero-SCs. Due to the π-π stacking among the common quinoxaline units in the bridge layer and HTM, Qx MACl induces the π-π stacking of the PBQ12 film and improves the film morphology of HTMs with better conductivity. Additionally, Qx MACl can effectively passivate the perovskite surface, and PBQ12 possesses appropriate energy levels and high hole mobility. The pero-SCs based on FAPbI3with PBQ12/Qx MACl treatment showed a higher power conversion efficiency（PCE） of 24.05% and outstanding stability, maintaining 95.4% and 92.1% of its initial PCE after 750 h of storage and after over 800 h of thermal annealing at 85 °C, respectively. To further enhance the PCE of the PBQ12/Qx MACl-based devices, we developed a non-metal ion dopant for the PBQ12 HTM. Through trace doping of PBQ12 HTM by the non-metal ion dopant, the PCE of the PBQ12/Qx MACl-based devices reached 25.24%（the calibrated PCE of 24.55% by the National Institute of Metrology, China）.

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Tuning the porosity of {Co12IICo8III（μ3-OH）24（X）}11+ supramolecular frameworks by reaction time for D2/H2 separation

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Zhuozhou Xie Zhu Zhuo Zi-Ang Nan Qing Li Xiufang Li Zi-Xiu lu Linzhe Lü Jin Liu luyao Liu Wenjing Wang Wei Wang Daqiang Yuan You-Gui Huang State Key Laboratory of Structure Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials Haixi InstitutesChinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen University

Systematicly tuning the porosities of porous materials is crucial for targeted gas mixture separation,yet it remains a longstanding *** a common strategy,altering the phenylene ring count in the organic building units has been exploited to adjust pore apertures in metal organic frameworks （MOFs） and covalent organic frameworks （COFs）,resulting in only a stepwise pore size variation of approximately 2.8?.Unlike MOFs and COFs,the porosities for supramolecular assembly frameworks are highly dependent on the packings of the molecular building units in the *** above strategy cannot be applied to supramolecular assembly frameworks and other strategies are required to adjust pore apertures in supramolecular frameworks,especially to achieve porous materials with the optimal pore size for D2/H2separation （～3?）.Here,we successfully modulate the porosity of supramolecular frameworks of[CoII1+12CoIII8L12（μ3-OH）24（X）]1clusters （L=mono-deprotonated 1-iminoisoindole-3-amine,X=ClO?4or Cl?） by controlling the duration of self-assembly *** simply adjusting the reaction time,we obtain three[CoII12CoIII8L12（μ3-OH）24（X）]11+supramolecular frameworks:[CoII12CoIII8（μ3-OH）24（ClO4）L12)]·（Cl）4·（HCO2）7（1）,[CoII12CoIII8L12（μ3-OH）24（Cl）]·（ClOI4）4·（Cl）6·（HCO2）·（H2O）10（2）,and[CoI12CoIII8L12（μ3-OH）24（Cl）]·（Cl）11·（H2O）12（3）.The different stacking patterns of the[CoII12CoIII8L12（μ3-OH）24（X）]11+clusters in these frameworks lead to significantly varied stabilities and *** 1 exhibits permanent porosity with interconnected channels and maintains stability under harsh *** contrast,compound 2 is nearly nonporous,and compound 3 becomes unstable upon *** pores of compound 1 show higher affinity to D2than H2,and the pore aperture diameter of compound 1 （～3.06?） meets the optimal porosity for D2/***,compound 1 demonstrates moderate D2/H2separation at 77 K (retention time:～7 min/g for D2/H2/Ne （10/10/80 vol%） in a flow of 5 mL

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