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DMPP mitigates N_(2)O and NO productions by inhibiting ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in an intensified vegetable field under different temperature and moisture regimes

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Pedosphere 2024年第3期34卷 652-663页

作者： Xi ZHANG Xintong XU Chenyuan WANG Qianqian ZHANG Yubing DONG zhengqin xiong Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation College of Resources and Environmental SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095(China) Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems Department of Agricultural Soil ScienceGeorg-August University of GottingenGottingen 37077(Germany) State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture Zhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou 311300(China) Huaiyin Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Xuhuai Region in Jiangsu Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesHuai’an 223001(China)

Vegetable soils with high nitrogen input are major sources of nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)and nitric oxide(NO),and incorporation of the nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate(DMPP)into soils has been documented to effectively reduce ***,the efficiency of DMPP in terms of soil N_(2)O and NO mitigations varies greatly depending on soil temperature and moisture ***,further evaluations of DMPP efficiency in diverse environments are required to encourage widespread application.A laboratory incubation study(28 d)was established to investigate the interactive effects of DMPP,temperature(15,25,and 35?C),and soil moisture(55% and 80% of water-holding capacity(WHC))on net nitrification rate,N_(2)O and NO productions,and gene abundances of nitrifiers and denitrifiers in an intensive vegetable *** showed that incubating soil with 1%DMPP led to partial inhibition of the net nitrification rate and N_(2)O and NO productions,and the reduction percentage of N_(2)O production was higher than that of NO production(69.3%vs.38.2%)regardless of temperature and soil moisture *** increased temperatures promoted the net nitrification rate but decreased soil N_(2)O and NO *** moisture influenced NO production more than N_(2)O production,decreasing with the increased moisture level(80%).The inhibitory effect of DMPP on cumulative N_(2)O and NO productions decreased with increased temperatures at 55%***,the inhibitory effect of DMPP on cumulative N_(2)O production increased with increased temperatures at 80%*** on the correlation analyses and automatic linear modeling,the mitigation of both N_(2)O and NO productions from the soil induced by DMPP was attributed to the decreases in ammonia-oxidizing bacteria(AOB)amoA gene abundance and NO_(2)^(-)-N ***,our study indicated that DMPP reduced both N_(2)O and NO productions by regulating the associated AOB amoA gene abundance and NO_(2)^(-)-N concentra

关键词： 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate environment condition gene abundance nitrification inhibitor nitrite accumulation soil water content

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Effects of elevated atmospheric CO_2 concentration and temperature on the soil profile methane distribution and diffusion in rice–wheat rotation system

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第6期27卷 62-71页

作者： Bo Yang Zhaozhi Chen Man Zhang Heng Zhang Xuhui Zhang Genxing Pan Jianwen Zou zhengqin xiong Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University

The aim of this experiment was to determine the impacts of climate change on soil profile concentrations and diffusion effluxes of methane in a rice-wheat annual rotation ecosystem in Southeastern China. We initiated a field experiment with four treatments：ambient conditions（CKs）, CO2 concentration elevated to - 500 μmol/mol（FACE）,temperature elevated by ca. 2°C（T） and combined elevation of CO2 concentration and temperature（FACE ＋ T）. A multilevel sampling probe was designed to collect the soil gas at four different depths, namely, 7 cm, 15 cm, 30 cm and 50 cm. Methane concentrations were higher during the rice season and decreased with depth, while lower during the wheat season and increased with depth. Compared to CK, mean methane concentration was increased by 42%, 57% and 71% under the FACE, FACE ＋ T and T treatments, respectively, at the 7 cm depth during the rice season（p 〈 0.05）. Mean methane diffusion effluxes to the 7 cm depth were positive in the rice season and negative in the wheat season, resulting in the paddy field being a source and weak sink, respectively. Moreover, mean methane diffusion effluxes in the rice season were 0.94, 1.19 and 1.42 mg C/（m^2·hr） in the FACE,FACE ＋ T and T treatments, respectively, being clearly higher than that in the CK. The results indicated that elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration and temperature could significantly increase soil profile methane concentrations and their effluxes from a rice-wheat field annual rotation ecosystem（p 〈 0.05）.

关键词： Paddy field T-FACE Climate change CH4 concentration Soil profile Diffusion efflux

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Biochar and organic substitution improved net ecosystem economic benefit in intensive vegetable production

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Biochar 2022年第1期4卷 419-435页

作者： Ruiyu Bi Qianqian Zhang Liping Zhan Xintong Xu Xi Zhang Yubing Dong Xiaoyuan Yan zhengqin xiong Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation College of Resources and Environmental SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture Zhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou 311300China Huaiyin Institute of Agricultural Sciences Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesHuaian 223001China State Key Lab of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China

Biochar amendment and substituting chemical fertilizers with organic manure(organic substitution)have been widely reported to increase crop production and decrease reactive nitrogen(Nr)loss including nitrous oxide(N_(2)O),nitric oxide(NO),and ammonia(NH3)emissions,and N runoff and ***,few comprehensive evalua-tions have been performed on the environmental and economic aspects of biochar amendment or organic ***,we studied the comprehensive effects of biochar amendment,organic substitution,and biochar amendment combined with organic substitution on crop production,Nr loss,and net ecosystem economic benefit(NEEB)in intensive vegetable production by integrating life-cycle assessment for Nr footprints,empirical models for NH3 volatilization and N runoff and leaching derived from peer-reviewed publications and validated by the current measurements and direct field measurement for N_(2)O and NO emissions during 5 consecutive years of vegetable crop *** fertilization treatments were applied(SN:synthetic fertilizer application;SNB:SN plus 20 t ha^(−1)biochar amendment;SNM:substituting 50%of chemical N fertilizer with organic manure;SNMB:SNM plus 20 t ha^(−1)biochar amendment;and CK:no fertilizer or biochar addition).Compared with the SN,the SNB increased vegetable yield(28.4%,p<0.05;interannually varying from−10 to 74.9%)and nitrogen use efficiency(29.2%,interannually varying from−39.7 to 150.4%),and decreased field Nr loss(45.4%,p<0.01;interannually varying from−40.3 to 78.4%),and thus improved NEEB by 7.1%;meanwhile,the SNM increased vegetable yield(11.6%,interannually varying from−5.4 to 27.1%)and nitrogen use efficiency(45.7%,p<0.05;interannually varying from 2.3 to 154%),reduced field Nr loss(34.9%,p<0.01;interannually varying from 8.4-39.0%),and thus improved NEEB by 17.8%(p<0.05)compared to the SN,being 56.0×10^(3)Chinese Yuan(CNY)ha^(−1)crop^(−1).Due to the high foreground Nr loss during organic manure production and high input

关键词： Biochar amendment Organic substitution Crop production Reactive nitrogen Nitrogen footprint Net ecosystem economic benefit

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解密稻田残留氮肥去向:作物吸收而非环境损失

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Science Bulletin 2024年第9期69卷 1212-1216页

作者：赵旭王盈盈蔡思源 Jagdish K.Ladha Michael J.Castellano 夏龙龙谢迎新熊正琴谷保静邢光熹颜晓元 State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research StationInstitute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 211135China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Plant Sciences University of CaliforniaDavis CA 95616USA Department of Agronomy Iowa State UniversityAmes IA 50011USA National Engineering Research Center for Wheat State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop ScienceHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450046China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation College of Resources and Environmental SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Rice-based cropping systems are prevalent in Asia,accounting for 16%of global nitrogen(N)fertilizer consumption and providing billions of calories[1].Among these,the rice-wheat cropping system(RWCS)stands out as a critical contributor to global food security,covering an extensive area of 23.5 million hectares(mha)in Asia and sustaining 4.4 billion people[2].

关键词： cropping 环境损失 fertilizer

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Impacts of population growth and economic development on the nitrogen cycle in Asia

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2005年第Z2期48卷 729-737页

作者： ZHU Zhaoliang xiong zhengqin XING Guangxi State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China

Asia is the major consumer of fertilizer nitrogen and energy in the world, and consequently shares a considerable proportion of the world creation of reactive nitrogen (Nr). However, if estimated on per capita basis, Asia is characterized by a lower arable land area, fertilizer nitrogen consumption, energy consumption, and gross domestic product, as well as lower daily protein intake. To meet the increasing needs for food and energy for the growing population combined with the improvement of living standards, Nr will inevitably increase. The present study estimates the creation of Nr and the emissions of various N compounds into environment in Asia currently and in 2030. In comparison with the world averages, the lower fertilizer nitrogen and energy use efficiencies, and the lower use of animal wastes for agriculture imply that there is potential for moderating the increase in Nr and its impacts on the environment. Strategies for moderating the increase are discussed.

关键词： reactive nitrogen, Asia, regional variation, environment, nitrogen flux.

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秸秆生物炭对菜地N_2O、CO_2与CH_4排放及土壤化学性质的影响

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生态与农村环境学报 2016年第2期32卷 283-288页

作者：贾俊香熊正琴山西农业大学资源环境学院山西太谷030801 江苏省低碳农业与温室气体减排重点实验室/南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院江苏南京210095

通过盆栽模拟试验,探究玉米秸秆生物炭施用对菜地温室气体N2O、CO2与CH4排放及土壤理化性质的影响。结果表明,生物炭施用抑制了菜地N2O排放,NB1(施N 400 kg·hm-2,生物炭20 t·hm-2)和NB2(施N 400kg·hm-2,生物炭40 t·hm-2)的N2O累积... 详细信息

通过盆栽模拟试验,探究玉米秸秆生物炭施用对菜地温室气体N2O、CO2与CH4排放及土壤理化性质的影响。结果表明,生物炭施用抑制了菜地N2O排放,NB1(施N 400 kg·hm-2,生物炭20 t·hm-2)和NB2(施N 400kg·hm-2,生物炭40 t·hm-2)的N2O累积排放量分别比N处理(施N 400 kg·hm-2)低76.4%和70.7%,但抑制效应并未随生物炭用量的增加而加强。生物炭施用增强了CO2排放,但对CH4排放影响不显著。NB1和NB2累积CO2排放量分别为N处理的1.8和2.1倍,不容忽视的是,这2种处理同时增加了土壤中有机碳含量,分别比N处理高15.2%与21.3%。NB1和NB2在不降低甚至提高蔬菜产量的基础上,提高了土壤中NH4+-N含量与p H值,降低了NO3--N含量。p H值和NH4+-N含量分别平均比N处理高0.265和34.9%,NO3--N含量平均比N处理低12.7%,因此生物炭具有减排N2O与改良菜地土壤质量的巨大潜力。但生物炭引起的CO2排放以及对土壤有机碳增加的净影响效应尚需进一步研究。

关键词：生物炭菜地 N2O CO2 CH4 土壤化学性质

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生物炭与氮肥对稻田甲烷产生与氧化菌数量和潜在活性的影响

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土壤学报 2016年第6期53卷 1517-1527页

作者：许欣陈晨熊正琴南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院江苏省低碳农业和温室气体减排重点实验室南京210095

基于稻田中氮肥配施生物炭的田间定位试验,研究了施用生物炭与氮肥对旱季稻田土壤理化性质、甲烷氧化与产生潜势及甲烷氧化菌和产甲烷菌丰度的影响。田间试验共设置5个处理:单施生物炭、单施氮肥、氮肥配施生物炭(生物炭设置两个水平)... 详细信息

基于稻田中氮肥配施生物炭的田间定位试验,研究了施用生物炭与氮肥对旱季稻田土壤理化性质、甲烷氧化与产生潜势及甲烷氧化菌和产甲烷菌丰度的影响。田间试验共设置5个处理:单施生物炭、单施氮肥、氮肥配施生物炭(生物炭设置两个水平)以及对照。结果表明:施用生物炭三年后显著提高了有机碳和微生物生物量碳含量(p﹤0.05),与单施氮肥处理相比,氮肥配施生物炭后可显著提高土壤p H。与对照相比,单施生物炭显著提高土壤甲烷氧化潜势。在施氮条件下,甲烷氧化潜势与生物炭施用量之间存在正相关关系,与氮肥配施20 t hm-2处理相比,40 t hm-2生物炭处理甲烷氧化潜势增长53.8%。氮肥配施高倍生物炭与配施低倍生物炭处理相比产甲烷潜势由0.001提高至0.002 mg kg-1 h-1;氮肥施用一定程度上抑制了甲烷氧化菌数量的增长,单施氮肥处理中产甲烷菌数量较对照处理显著增加了3.0%;单施或配施低水平生物炭显著增加土壤甲烷氧化菌数量。氮肥显著降低了甲烷氧化菌与产甲烷菌基因丰度比(pmo A/mcr A)。而在同氮肥水平下施加生物炭显著增加了土壤pmo A/mcr A比值,即生物炭对甲烷氧化菌的促进作用显著高于产甲烷菌,提高了旱季稻田土壤的甲烷氧化能力,因此有助于减少稻田土壤甲烷的排放。

关键词：生物炭甲烷排放甲烷氧化菌产甲烷菌稻田

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施用生物质炭对集约化菜地土壤肥力质量的影响

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土壤学报 2018年第6期55卷 1345-1357页

作者：李博卢瑛熊正琴华南农业大学资源环境学院广州510642 南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院江苏省低碳农业与温室气体减排重点实验室南京210095

以南京郊区集约化蔬菜地为研究对象,设置不同水平生物质炭(0、20和40 t·hm^(-2)生物质炭)与氮肥(不施肥与常规施肥)配施,研究生物质炭施入菜地土壤两年半(九季蔬菜)后对菜地土壤肥力质量的影响。结果表明:氮肥的施用显著增加菜地土壤全... 详细信息

以南京郊区集约化蔬菜地为研究对象,设置不同水平生物质炭(0、20和40 t·hm^(-2)生物质炭)与氮肥(不施肥与常规施肥)配施,研究生物质炭施入菜地土壤两年半(九季蔬菜)后对菜地土壤肥力质量的影响。结果表明:氮肥的施用显著增加菜地土壤全氮(TN)、电导率(EC)、容重(BD)和阳离子交换量(CEC),分别增加了9.4%～18.1%、172.4%～241.1%、5.6%～7.6%和10.4%～15.0%,并且降低了0.68～1.1个单位的土壤p H(P<0.05);生物质炭的施用显著增加了菜地土壤TN、土壤有机碳(SOC)含量和CEC,分别增加了1.7%～10.0%、3.6%～48.3%和8.1%～37.1%,并且显著降低了土壤EC和BD。生物质炭的施用在不施用氮肥的菜地土壤中提高了0.11～0.23个单位的土壤pH(P<0.05),而在施用氮肥的处理中,生物质炭的施用降低了0.19～0.23个单位的土壤pH(P<0.05)。生物质炭施用增加了菜地表层土壤(0～20 cm)的无机氮含量,但是显著降低了其他土层的无机氮含量。生物质炭的施用显著降低了菜地土壤剖面(0～100 cm)的铵态氮(NH_4^+-N)的累积量(P<0.05),而对菜地土壤剖面硝态氮(NO_3^--N)累积量无显著影响。此外,生物质炭的施用能够使蔬菜产量与氮肥偏生产力分别提高7.7%～43.8%和21.8%～43.8%(P<0.01),并提高菜地土壤肥力质量的综合得分。本研究中,常规施肥配施40 t·hm^(-2)生物质炭处理能够更有效地缓解由于长期大量施肥造成的菜地土壤SOC分解以及硝态氮大量淋洗的情况,提高土壤肥力质量,推荐为最佳处理。

关键词：集约化菜地生物质炭土壤肥力质量硝态氮淋洗主成分分析

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典型菜地土壤剖面N_2O、CH_4与CO_2分布特征研究

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中国生态农业学报 2015年第12期23卷 1536-1543页

作者：贾俊香熊正琴山西农业大学资源环境学院太谷030801 江苏省低碳农业与温室气体减排重点实验室/南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院南京210095

为探究菜地土壤剖面N2O、CH4与CO2时空分布特征,利用地下气体原位采集系统与气相色谱法,周年动态监测3种典型菜地,即休闲裸地、轮作地Ⅰ（芹菜？空心菜-小白菜-苋菜）以及轮作地Ⅱ（菜心-芹菜-空心菜-大青菜）7 cm、15 cm、30 cm与50 c... 详细信息

为探究菜地土壤剖面N2O、CH4与CO2时空分布特征,利用地下气体原位采集系统与气相色谱法,周年动态监测3种典型菜地,即休闲裸地、轮作地Ⅰ（芹菜？空心菜-小白菜-苋菜）以及轮作地Ⅱ（菜心-芹菜-空心菜-大青菜）7 cm、15 cm、30 cm与50 cm土层N2O、CH4与CO2浓度变化。结果表明,0-50 cm土层范围内,N2O、CH4与CO2 3种气体浓度周年变异性较大,变幅分别为0.63-1 657.0μL（N2O）·L^-1、0.8-72.5μL（CH4）·L^-1和0.41-36.6 m L（CO2）·L^-1。轮作地Ⅰ与轮作地Ⅱ的N2O平均浓度随土壤深度增加而增加,休闲裸地则呈现先增加（0-30 cm）后降低（30-50 cm）的变化趋势。两种轮作菜地4个土层N2O平均浓度均显著高于休闲裸地,二者氮肥施用量不同并未造成相同土层间N2O平均浓度的显著差异。3种菜地CH4与CO2平均浓度均呈现50 cm〉30 cm〉15 cm〉7 cm的梯度特征。轮作地Ⅰ与轮作地Ⅱ0-15 cm土层CH4平均浓度均大于休闲裸地,而在15-50 cm土层则分别大于和小于休闲裸地。CO2浓度呈现明显的季节性变化,除轮作地Ⅰ50 cm土层外,两种轮作菜地其他土层CO2平均浓度均小于休闲裸地对应土层。可见,蔬菜地高氮肥施用、多频次耕作等复杂管理使得N2O、CH4与CO2表现出较大的时空变异特征,其中氮肥施用对N2O的影响大于CH4与CO2,CH4受施肥与耕作的影响均较小,CO2显著受土壤温度与耕作措施的影响,在此基础上需进一步探究N2O、CH4与CO2的其他影响因素。

关键词：典型菜地轮作施氮肥土壤剖面 N2O CH4 CO2 分布特征

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减氮及硝化抑制剂对菜地氧化亚氮排放的影响

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土壤学报 2017年第4期54卷 938-947页

作者：陈浩李博熊正琴江苏省低碳农业和温室气体减排重点实验室南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院南京210095

利用静态暗箱—气相色谱法,周年监测集约化菜地四种蔬菜种植过程中N2O的排放和蔬菜产量变化,探究减氮(640、960 kg hm-2 a-1)以及施用硝化抑制剂氯甲基吡啶(CP)对菜地N2O排放的影响。结果表明,与常规施氮(Nn)处理相比,减量施氮(Nr)在不... 详细信息

利用静态暗箱—气相色谱法,周年监测集约化菜地四种蔬菜种植过程中N2O的排放和蔬菜产量变化,探究减氮(640、960 kg hm-2 a-1)以及施用硝化抑制剂氯甲基吡啶(CP)对菜地N2O排放的影响。结果表明,与常规施氮(Nn)处理相比,减量施氮(Nr)在不显著降低产量的情况下平均降低菜地N2O排放27.1%;与仅施用尿素的处理相比,在减量和常规施氮水平的基础上添加硝化抑制剂又分别能降低菜地N2O排放总量29.4%、26.0%,降低N2O排放系数60.9%、42.4%,而对蔬菜产量没有显著影响,因此显著降低菜地单位产量N2O排放量32.1%、30.3%,以减氮结合CP(CP-Nr)处理减排效果最佳。因此,减氮结合CP应用于集约化蔬菜生产是一种有效的菜地减排农业措施。

关键词：集约化菜地 N2O排放氮肥减量硝化抑制剂

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