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Long-term thinning decreases the contribution of heterotrophic respiration to soil respiration in subalpine plantations

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第3期35卷 189-204页

作者： Longfei Chen Zhibin He Wenzhi Zhao Xi Zhu Qin Shen Mingdan Song zhengpeng li Junqia Kong Shuping Yang Yuan Gao Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000People's Republic of China State Forestry Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources and Environmental Management Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083People's Republic of China Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Qinghai UniversityXining 810000People's Republic of China College of Landscape Architecture Zhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou 310000People's Republic of China

Interest in the dynamics of soil respiration(R_(S))in subalpine forest ecosystems is increasing due to their high soil carbon density and potential sensitivity to environmental changes.However,as a principal silvicultural practice,the long-term impacts of thinning on R_(S) and its heterotrophic and autotrophic respiration components(R_(h) and Ra,respectively)in subalpine plantations are poorly understood,espe-cially in winter.A 3-year field observation was carried out with consideration of winter CO_(2) efflux in middle-aged sub-alpine spruce plantations in northwestern China.A trench-ing method was used to explore the long-term impacts of thinning on R,Rn and Ra.Seventeen years after thinning,mean annual Rs,Rn and R_(a) increased,while the contribu-tion of R_(h) to R_(s) decreased with thinning intensity.Thinning significantly decreased winter R,because of the reduction in Rn but had no significant effect on Ra.The temperature sensitivity(Q_(10))of R_(h) and R_(a) also increased with thinning intensity,with lower Q_(10) values for R_(h)(2.1-2.6)than for Ra(2.4-2.8).The results revealed the explanatory variables and pathways related to Rn and R_(a) dynamics.Thinning increased soil moisture and nitrate nitrogen(NO_(3)^(-)-N),and the enhanced nitrogen and water availability promoted R_(h) and R_(a) by improving fine root biomass and microbial activity.Our results highlight the positive roles of NO_(3)^(-)-N in stimulating R_(s) components following long-term thinning.Therefore,applications of nitrogen fertilizer are not recommended while thinning subalpine spruce plantations from the perspective of reducing soil CO_(2) emissions.The increased Q_(10) values of R_(s) components indicate that a large increase in soil CO_(2) emissions would be expected following thinning because of more pronounced climate warming in alpineregions.

关键词： Heterotrophic respiration Autotrophic respiration Long-term thinning impacts Cold seasons Subalpine plantations Temperature sensitivity

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Polyphenol-rich extract from Sanghuangporous vaninii against acetaminophen-induced liver injury by blocking ferroptosis via NRF2/GPX4 pathway

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Peng liu Yuyang Wang Wanchao Chen Di Wu Zhong Zhang zhengpeng li Anqiang Zhang Wen li Yan Yang Institute of Edible Fungi Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South) Ministry of Agriculture College of Food Science & Technology Shanghai Ocean University College of Food Science and Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology

Acetaminophen (APAP) used as an antipyretic and analgesic agent can cause acute liver injury (AIli) under overdose. Sanghuangporous vaninii (S. vaninii) is a edible fungus with abundant metabolites exhibits excellent hepatoprotective activities， but the effect for AIli is not yet fully understood. In this study， the polyphenol-rich extract from S. vaninii (PSV) was prepared， with a total phenolic content of 75.72% and 34 compounds. The data of hepatoprotection indicated that PSV obviously alleviated the hepatocellular injury induced by APAP in vivo and in vitro. The protective mechanism of PSV against APAP-induced AIli might be attributed to the activating NRF2/GPX4 pathway. Based on network pharmacology analysis， the active components of PSV such as caffeic acid， osmundacetone and hispolone played a key role in hepatoprotection of PSV. Consequently， this study highlights the protection of PSV on AIli， which provides new insight into bioactivities of S. vaninii.

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基于灰色关联分析的肥饲兼用型箭筈豌豆种质资源评价

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草业科学 2024年第1期41卷 106-116页

作者：刘翔韩梅严清彪李正鹏梁高森青海大学农林科学院青海西宁810016

箭筈豌豆(Vicia sativa)是一种优良的肥饲兼用型绿肥作物,具有生物量大、适口性好、营养价值高、再生性强等优势,在生育期内可多次刈割,经济价值极高。本研究对25份箭筈豌豆种质资源的主要性状、产量和品质进行相关性分析,并运用灰色关... 详细信息

箭筈豌豆(Vicia sativa)是一种优良的肥饲兼用型绿肥作物,具有生物量大、适口性好、营养价值高、再生性强等优势,在生育期内可多次刈割,经济价值极高。本研究对25份箭筈豌豆种质资源的主要性状、产量和品质进行相关性分析,并运用灰色关联分析法对箭筈豌豆的主要性状、营养品质和固氮能力进行综合评价,以期为青海地区筛选出优良箭筈豌豆品种。结果表明,25份箭筈豌豆种质资源农艺性状和品质性状差异明显,育种潜力较高;生育期与株高、茎粗、鲜草产量、地上部干重、地下部干重、氮携出量、粗蛋白产量、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维极显著正相关,与相对饲喂价值极显著负相关;鲜草产量与生育期、茎粗、氮携出量、粗蛋白产量极显著正相关;地上部干重和地下部干重均与氮携出量和粗蛋白产量极显著正相关,田间试验中应着重筛选生育期适中、株高较高、茎粗较大、鲜草产量和干草产量较大的品种。灰色关联分析结果显示,‘西牧333’‘清水河麻箭豌’‘师宗箭豌’‘苏箭5号’和‘7401箭豌’的营养性状和固氮能力较优,在青海地区生产性能表现较好,适宜进行推广种植。

关键词：箭筈豌豆灰色关联分析相关分析农艺性状品质性状营养性状固氮能力

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基于DNDC模型长期复种翻压绿肥对土壤有机碳和小麦产量的模拟

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草业科学 2024年第2期41卷 332-344页

作者：肖玉涛李正鹏宋明丹段豆豆韩梅青海大学农林科学院青海西宁810016

对青海高原农田特有春小麦(Triticum aestivum)+豆科绿肥栽培模式,为揭示绿肥还田对于春小麦产量和土壤有机碳(SOC)的长期效应,本研究采用小区试验与模型相结合的方法探索适宜青海高原的绿肥还田方式。本研究采用裂区试验设计,主区为秋... 详细信息

对青海高原农田特有春小麦(Triticum aestivum)+豆科绿肥栽培模式,为揭示绿肥还田对于春小麦产量和土壤有机碳(SOC)的长期效应,本研究采用小区试验与模型相结合的方法探索适宜青海高原的绿肥还田方式。本研究采用裂区试验设计,主区为秋闲期复种绿肥翻压还田(G)和不种绿肥不还田(CK),副区为后茬春小麦化肥用量,设置100%常规施肥(F_(100),225 kg·hm^(-2)N、112.5 kg·hm^(-2)P_(2)O_(5))、70%常规施肥(F_(70),157.5 kg·hm^(-2)N、78.75 kg·hm^(-2)P_(2)O_(5))和不施化肥(F_(0)),共6个处理,基于2019-2022年的田间试验数据对反硝化-分解(DNDC)模型进行率定与验证,用验证过的模型对不同处理下土壤有机碳和小麦产量的长期变化规律进行模拟研究。结果表明:DNDC模型可以较好地模拟土壤有机碳和小麦产量,率定和验证过程中土壤有机碳模拟值和实测值的NRMSE值介于0.017-0.295,R^(2)介于0.763-0.924,小麦产量模拟值和实测值的NRSME值范围为0.160-0.280,R^(2)均大于0.75,表明模拟值和实测值具有一致性,可以用校准验证过的模型模拟0-50 cm土层土壤SOC和小麦产量;未来30年的模拟结果显示,绿肥翻压还田可以增加土壤SOC,具体表现为F_(70)+G>F_(100)+G>F_(0)+G>F_(100)> F_(70)> F_(0);0-50 cm土层土壤SOC储量30年变化依次为172.82、136.91、65.21、-35.61、-46.70和-143.95kg·hm^(-2),产量趋势为F_(70)+G>F_(100)+>G>F_(100)>F_(70)>F_(0)+G>F_(0),绿肥翻压还田配施化肥增产效果较好,F_(0)+G、F_(70)+G和F_(100)+G比无绿肥处理(F_(0)、F_(70)、F_(100))下小麦产量分别提高了85.7%、87.5%和20.0%;模拟的土壤有机碳含量和小麦产量具有一定的相关性。综合来看,长期复种绿肥翻压还田配施70%的化肥的固碳增产效果最佳。

关键词：毛叶苕子绿肥还田春小麦模型评价模拟预测施氮量有机碳

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秋闲期复种翻压绿肥对后茬作物春小麦产量、氮残留和N_(2)O排放的影响

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青海大学学报 2024年第1期42卷 9-16页

作者：肖玉涛李正鹏严清彪李积铭韩梅青海大学农林科学院青海西宁810016 青海大学农牧学院青海西宁810016

为探索适宜于青海高原春小麦的绿肥还田方式,本研究于2021—2022年进行田间试验,设置6个处理:常规施肥100%(F100)、70%(F70)、0%(F0),复种翻压绿肥配施化肥100%(F100+G)、70%(F70+G)、0%(F0+G),分析在不同处理下苗期、花期和收获期0~100... 详细信息

为探索适宜于青海高原春小麦的绿肥还田方式,本研究于2021—2022年进行田间试验,设置6个处理:常规施肥100%(F100)、70%(F70)、0%(F0),复种翻压绿肥配施化肥100%(F100+G)、70%(F70+G)、0%(F0+G),分析在不同处理下苗期、花期和收获期0~100 cm土层硝态氮和铵态氮的含量,以及春小麦整个生育期N_(2)O的排放特征和小麦产量。结果表明:在复种翻压绿肥处理下春小麦穗数、穗粒数、千粒重和产量均显著提高(PF100+G>F70>F0+G>F100>F0。复种翻压绿肥配施化肥较单施化肥减少了农田N_(2)O的排放,其中F70+G处理的N_(2)O排放量较F70处理显著减少(P<0.05)。同时,F70+G处理的N_(2)O排放强度最低。因此,复种翻压绿肥配施70%化肥为青海高原春小麦最佳栽培方式。

关键词：小麦产量硝态氮铵态氮 N2O

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人工智能在傣族服饰设计创新中的应用展望

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科技创新与生产力 2024年第3期45卷 16-18页

作者：李正鹏潘承毅邬阳阳张欣云南工商学院智能科学与工程学院云南昆明650000 丽江文化旅游学院信息学院云南丽江674100

随着人工智能理论和人工智能技术的迅速发展,相关的理论模型和技术在工业设计方面得到了广泛的应用,在服饰设计方面的应用也很多,但是在傣族服饰设计方面的应用还需要进一步加强。首先概述了傣族的服饰文化、人工智能的基本理论,其次列... 详细信息

随着人工智能理论和人工智能技术的迅速发展,相关的理论模型和技术在工业设计方面得到了广泛的应用,在服饰设计方面的应用也很多,但是在傣族服饰设计方面的应用还需要进一步加强。首先概述了傣族的服饰文化、人工智能的基本理论,其次列举了人工智能在服饰设计创新中的应用案例,最后对人工智能理论和技术在傣族服饰创新中的应用进行了展望。

关键词：人工智能傣族服饰服饰设计

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Key Technology for liquid Spawn Production and Green and High-yield Cultivation of Pleurotus eryngii

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Asian Agricultural Research 2020年第7期12卷 52-54页

作者： Yali ZHANG Shuguang ZHAO Yu li zhengpeng li Cuie ZHANG Xiaotao SUN Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Guannan County Guannan 222500 China Vegetable Office of Guannan County Guannan 222500 China Institute of Edible Fungi Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shanghai 201403 China Jiangsu lisha Fungus Industry Co. Ltd. Guannan 222500 China

[Objectives]Pleurotus eryngii is currently the second largest edible fungus variety cultivated in China,and it mainly adopts the bag cultivation mode.This study aims to effectively solve the problems of high cost of solid spawn,long spawn production cycle,low application level of green and high-yield cultivation technology and equipment,and unstable output and quality in the factory production process and to further promote industrial upgrading.[Methods]Since June,2018,a series of research and technical optimizations had been carried out by a technical research team consisting of personnels from Vegetable Office of Guannan County,Institute of Edible Fungi of Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Jiangsu Xiangru Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,around the production of liquid spawn,introduction of excellent varieties of P.eryngii,medium pretreatment,autoclaving,clean room inoculation,digital cultivation,harvesting,packaging,etc.[Results]The key technology of industrial production,liquid spawn production and green and high-yield cultivation of P.eryngii are summarized.[Conclusions]The economic benefit of liquid spawn of P.eryngii is extremely considerable compared with liquid spawns such as branch spawn.

关键词： Pleurotus eryngii liquid spawn Factory cultivation Green High yield

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Five Steps to Cultivate Volvariella volvacea

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2017年第9期18卷 1593-1594,1618页

作者： zhengpeng li Mingjie CHEN Changxia YU Qiaozhen li Feng ZHOU Yu li Institute of Edible Fungi Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization(South) of Ministry of AgricultureP.R.China National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi

Volvariella volvacea is a popular variety because of its distinct flavor, pleasant taste, higher protein content and shorter cropping duration compared with other cultivated mushrooms. It is also the most expensive mushroom in artificial mushrooms.With the development of economy and the industrialization of edible fungi, more and more straw mushroom has been cultivated in northern China, and southern mushroom is moving to northern areas. In this study, based on many years of cultivation experience, the high yield cultivating techniques of V. volvacea was summarized. V. volvacea cultivation consists of five steps, i.e.,composting, pasteurization, spawning, pining and harvesting.

关键词：高产栽培技术培养草菇栽培蛋白质含量种植时间中国北部北方地区种植经验

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Study on the Variation of Three Parameters during Industrial Cultivation of liquid Spawn to Pleurotus eryngii

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Agricultural Biotechnology 2017年第6期6卷 57-59页

作者： Feng ZHOU Tao WANG Yu li Xiaodong SHANG Chunyan SONG Qiaozhen li Qi TAN zhengpeng li Institute of Edible Fungi Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization( South) Ministry of Agriculture P. R. China/National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi/National R&D Center for Edible Fungi Processing/Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South) Ministry of Agriculture P.R. China/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding of Shanghai Shanghai 201403 China

In order to effectively guide industrial cultivation of liquid spawn to Pleurotus eryngii, the changes of the mycelial amount, CO2 concentration and pH value during the industrial cultivation of liquid spawn to Pleurotus eryngii were studied. The results showed that during the culture of mycelium, the changes of my- celium amount and CO2 concentration accorded with the S type growth curve, and the 4^th -8^th d was the logarithmic phase with the growth amount of mycelium 0.05 g/100 ml per day. After 9 d, the mycelium growth tended to slow down, and by tile end of the mycelium cultivation, mycelium began to slightly decrease. The pH value of medium changed slightly in 0.5 during the mycelium cultivation. The three groups of parameters showed that the liquid strain fermentation time should be 8 to9d.

关键词： Pleurotus eryngii liquid spawn Mycelium amount COs concentration pH value

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High-yield Cultivating Techniques of Flammulina velutipes

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2017年第6期18卷 1010-1011,1015页

作者： Feng ZHOU Qiaozhen li Chunyan SONG zhengpeng li Qi TAN Xiaodong SHANG Yu li Institute of Edible Fungi Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi/Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South) Ministry of Agriculture

Flammulina velutipes is an edible fungus with the largest amount of factory-like cultivation yield in China. In this study,based on many years of cultivation experience, 2 kinds of factory-like high-yield cultivating techniques of F. velutipes in China were summarized. One way is bag cultivation, and the other way is bottle cultivation. The cultivation process of the 2 methods were introduced in detail, including mixing material, bagging or bottling, sterilization, inoculation, spawn running, and mushroom fruiting.

关键词：高产栽培技术食用菌栽培培育种植经验人工栽培栽培过程工厂化金针菇

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