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Prognostic nomograms for young breast cancer:A retrospective study based on the SEER and METABRIC databases

Cancer Innovation 2024年第6期3卷 86-99页

作者： Yongxin Li Xinlong Tao Yinyin Ye Yuyao Tang zhengbo xu Yaming Tian Zhen Liu Jiuda Zhao Breast Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University&Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Qinghai University XiningQinghaiChina Qinghai University XiningQinghaiChina Department of Imaging Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai UniversityXiningQinghaiChina

Background:Young breast cancer(YBC)is a subset of breast cancer that is often more aggressive,but less is known about its *** this study,we aimed to generate nomograms to predict the overall survival(OS)and breast cancer‐specific survival(BCSS)of YBC ***:Data of women diagnosed with YBC between 2010 and 2020 were obtained from the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER)*** patients were randomly allocated into a training cohort(n=15,227)and internal validation cohort(n=6,526)at a 7:3 *** the Cox regression models,significant prognostic factors were identified and used to construct 3‐,5‐,and 10‐year nomograms of OS and *** from the Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium(METABRIC)database were used as an external validation cohort(n=90).Results:We constructed nomograms incorporating 10 prognostic factors for OS and *** nomograms demonstrated strong predictive accuracy for OS and BCSS in the training cohort,with C‐indexes of 0.806 and 0.813,*** calibration curves verified that the nomograms have good prediction *** curve analysis demonstrated their practical clinical value for predicting YBC patient survival ***,we provided dynamic nomograms to improve the operability of the *** risk stratification ability assessment also showed that the OS and BCSS rates of the low‐risk group were significantly better than those of the high‐risk ***:Here,we generated and validated more comprehensive and accurate OS and BCSS nomograms than models previously developed for *** nomograms can help clinicians evaluate patient prognosis and make clinical decisions.

关键词： breast cancer‐specific survival nomogram overall survival prognostic model young breast cancer

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Cancer Innovation 2023年第5期2卷 346-375页

作者： Jinming Li Guoshuang Shen Zhen Liu Yaobang Liu Miaozhou Wang Fuxing Zhao Dengfeng Ren Qiqi Xie Zitao Li Zhilin Liu Yi Zhao Fei Ma Xinlan Liu zhengbo xu Jiuda Zhao Breast Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai UniversityAffiliated Cancer Hospital of Qinghai UniversityXiningQinghaiChina Qinghai Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer Qinghai Provincial Institute of Cancer Research XiningQinghaiChina Department of Surgical Oncology General Hospital of Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuanNingxia Hui Autonomous RegionChina 4Qinghai UniversityXiningQinghaiChina

Background:The wide use of antibody‐drug conjugates(ADCs)is transforming the cancer‐treatment *** the treatment‐related adverse events(AEs)of ADCs is crucial for their clinical *** conducted a meta‐analysis to analyze the profile and incidence of AEs related to ADC use in the treatment of solid tumors and hematological ***:We searched the PubMed,Embase,and Cochrane Library databases for articles published from January 2001 to October *** overall profile and incidence of all‐grade and grade≥3 treatment‐related AEs were the primary outcomes of the ***:A total of 138 trials involving 15,473 patients were included in this *** overall incidence of any‐grade treatment‐related AEs was 100.0%(95%confidence interval[CI]:99.9%–100.0%;I2=89%)and the incidence of grade≥3 treatment‐related AEs was 6.2%(95%CI:3.0%–12.4%;I2=99%).Conclusions:This study provides a comprehensive overview of AEs related to ADCs used for cancer *** use resulted in a high incidence of any‐grade AEs but a low incidence of grade≥3 *** AE profiles and incidence differed according to cancer type,ADC type,and ADC components.

关键词： adverse event antibody‐drug conjugate cancer clinical trial meta‐analysis

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基于多任务深度学习的快速人像自动抠图

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武汉大学学报（工学版） 2020年第8期53卷 740-745,752页

作者：许征波杨煜俊广东工业大学机电工程学院广东广州510006

针对大多数人像抠图存在时效性低、需要人工标注三分图和依赖颜色作为主要依据而导致精度难提高的问题,提出一种基于多任务学习的神经网络的快速人像自动抠图算法。该方法首先对图像的三分图进行学习预测,并将得到的信息反馈至网络后去... 详细信息

针对大多数人像抠图存在时效性低、需要人工标注三分图和依赖颜色作为主要依据而导致精度难提高的问题,提出一种基于多任务学习的神经网络的快速人像自动抠图算法。该方法首先对图像的三分图进行学习预测,并将得到的信息反馈至网络后去学习预测图像的α值,网络结构采用编码器-解码器的方式,编码器部分使用深度可分离残差卷积做特征提取,和多组空洞卷积并联组合使得网络拥有足够的感受野;解码部分使用双线性加性上采样使特征图逐步恢复至原图大小,另外使用跳跃连接层将编码和解码部分相连接;使用公开数据库作为测试集,与Deeplab加文献[3]算法和DAPM算法进行对比,实验结果表明在运行时间、SAD、MSE和Gradient评价指标上优于对比算法。

关键词：人像抠图可分离卷积空洞卷积双线性加性组归一化

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Riverine sulfate sources and behaviors in arid environment,Northwest China:Constraints from sulfur and oxygen isotopes

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 716-731页

作者： Yifu xu Wenjing Liu Bing xu Zhifang xu Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Innovation Academy for Earth Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The fate of riverine sulfate ion (SO_(4)^(2-)) and its environmental effects in arid environment are difficult to evaluate due to its complicated sources and strongly coupled behaviors with water cycle which is significantly modified by *** understand the sulfur cycle in aquatic systems in arid environment,the chemical and sulfur and oxygen isotopic compositions (δ^(34)S_(SO4)and δ^(18)O_(SO4)) of major rivers around the Badain Jaran Desert,northwestern China,were *** rivers had averaged SO_(4)^(2-)content at 1336μmol/L,over 10times higher than the global *** δ^(34)S_(SO4)and δ^(18)O_(SO4)values ranged from-5.3‰to+11.8‰and+1.6‰to+12.8‰,*** end-member analysis and the inverse model showed that riverine sulfate was mainly derived from evaporites dissolution (0-87%),sulfide oxidation (13%-100%) and precipitation (0-33%),indicating heterogeneity in sulfur sources and behaviors along the river drainage with the lithology variations and climate *** isotopic tools combining with hydro-chemistry compositions could be applied to reveal sulfur cycle in arid *** on the calculation,sulfide oxidation plays the primary role in the headwater and upstream in the Qilian-Mountains area,where sulfide is widely *** the proportion of evaporites dissolution contributing to riverine sulfate is much higher in downstream in a drier ***,less precipitation and higher temperature can lead to more intensive evaporation,affecting the process of sulfide oxidation and enhancing the rates of evaporites dissolution and sulfate precipitation in the basin.

关键词： Sulfur and oxygen isotopes Source apportionment Inverse model Arid environment Inland rivers Northwestern China

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Laboratory evaluation of high-friction thin overlays for pavement preservation

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第6期18卷 936-948页

作者： Ouming xu Rentao xu Lintong JIN School of Highway Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710064China School of Materials Science and Engineering Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710061China

Traditional asphalt concrete(AC)and stone matrix asphalt(SMA),which are used as thin asphalt overlays,are common maintenance strategies to enhancing ride quality,skid resistance,and ***,several studies have used a novel asphalt mixture known as a high-friction thin overlay(HFTO)to improve surface ***,it remains uncertain whether the laboratory properties of HFTO differ significantly from those of conventional *** study aims to evaluate the laboratory properties of HFTO mixtures and compare them with those of AC and *** mixtures with nominal maximum size of 9.5 mm were produced in the laboratory,and performance tests were conducted,including wheel tracking test,low temperature flexural creep test,moisture susceptibility test,Cantabro Abrasion Test,Marshall Test,sand patch test,British pendulum test,and indoor tire-rollingdown *** results showed that the HFTO exhibited a lower tire/pavement noise than the AC and ***,HFTO had superior high-temperature stability,larger macro texture,and higher skid resistance in comparison to those of AC,but lower than those of ***,HFTO mixtures may be considered a suitable replacement for traditional AC mixtures in regions where skid resistance and noise reduction are concerns.

关键词： road engineering pavement maintenance high friction thin overlay performance skid resistance tire/pavement noise

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Granting strength to aerogel fibers through encapsulation

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Science China Materials 2024年第4期67卷 1365-1366页

作者： Wenhui xu Department of Basic Chemistry School of PharmacyJiangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanchang 330004China

Aerogel fibers, distinguished by their lightweight nature, pronounced porosity, large surface area, and superior thermal insulation properties, have diversified applications in thermal management, energy devices, and environmental remediation[1]. However, compared with monolithic ones, these fibershaped aerogels exhibit limited mechanical strength and resilience due to their one-dimensional small size.

关键词： strength fibers thermal

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Aldehyde oxidase mediated enantioselective metabolic health risk of dinotefuran

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第6期67卷 2079-2091页

作者： Liwei xu Xinxin xu Hua Kuang Chuanlai xu Xiaoling Wu State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources Jiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection and School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China Collaborative Innovation center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province Jiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China

Chiral pollutants often pose significant differential environmental health *** this study,the biotransformation of chiral dinotefuran(DIN)and its enantioselective metabolic toxicity mechanisms have been systemically ***,reversedphase chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry was developed to quantify the content of DIN R/S chiral enantiomer with pg level sensitivity,revealing a lower elimination rate constant(K_(e))of S-DIN(0.730 h^(-1))than R-DIN(0.746 h^(-1)).Secondly,the interaction mechanism between DIN metabolism and important endogenous bioactive molecules,such as aldehyde oxidase(AOX)and neurotransmitters,was *** DIN nitro-group was converted into a guanidine group by the reducing site of nearby flavin adenine dinucleotide(FAD)in AOX with the preferred higher affinity of ***,the endogenous tryptophan(Trp)aldehyde metabolic intermediate,5-hydroxyindoleacetaldehyde(5-HIAL),provides a persistent electron donor for DIN reduction via the oxidation-catalyzed site in AOX,resulting in remarkable up-regulation of monoamine neurotransmitters such as serotonin and ***,the higher level of neurotransmitters further mediated dysregulation of oxylipin homeostasis via the serotonergic pathway,where S-DIN exhibited more pronounced liver lipid damage and environmental health risk with the accumulated lipid biomarkers,oxidized triglyceride(OxTG)and oxidized sphingomyelin(OxSM).This study elucidates the AOX-mediated enantioselectivity metabolic pathway of DIN,providing a new analytical method for chiral pollutants and paves the way for their health risk assessments.

关键词： neonicotinoid dinotefuran enantiomer aldehyde oxidase metabolomics health risk

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Skeletal interoception in osteoarthritis

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Bone Research 2024年第2期12卷 241-254页

作者： Dinglong Yang Jiawen xu Ke xu Peng xu Department of Joint Surgery Honghui HospitalXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710054China Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China

The interoception maintains proper physiological conditions and metabolic homeostasis by releasing regulatory signals after perceving changes in the internal state of the *** its various forms,skeletal interoception specifically regulates the metabolic homeostasis of ***(OA)is a complex joint disorder involving cartilage,subchondral bone,and *** subchondral bone undergoes continuous remodeling to adapt to dynamic joint *** findings highlight that skeletal interoception mediated by aberrant mechanical loads contributes to pathological remodeling of the subchondral bone,resulting in subchondral bone sclerosis in *** skeletal interoception is also a potential mechanism for chronic synovial inflammation in *** this review,we offer a general overview of interoception,specifically skeletal interoception,subchondral bone microenviroment and the aberrant subchondral *** also discuss the role of skeletal interoception in abnormal subchondral bone remodeling and synovial inflammation in OA,as well as the potential prospects and challenges in exploring novel OA therapies that target skeletal interoception.

关键词： homeostasis inflammation releasing

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Surface Polarization Effects on Collapse Transition of Polyelectrolyte Brushes

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第9期42卷 1313-1320,I0006页

作者： Xiao-Fei xu State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and School of Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237China

Polyelectrolyte brushes(PEBs)are commonly used to modify surface that have attracted great research *** dielectric permittivity of the grafted surface is typically significantly different from that of solution,which results in surface polarization(SP)effect with a jump of electric *** is thus important to study how SP alters the PEB’s structure and *** this work,the SP effects on PEB structure was studied using a statistical thermodynamic *** free energy functional to describe SP effect was constructed by using the image-charge ***,the electrostatic potential was solved from a modified Poisson-Boltzmann equation taking the ion solvation effect into *** the absence of SP,the thickness of PEB exhibited a continuous collapse transition when decreasing the solvent *** the presence of SP,the collapse became a jump-like *** energy analysis showed that the long-range Coulombic interaction dominated the transition because of the enhanced counterion condensation in the presence of *** theory provides an effective tool to study SP effect on PEBs,and the results explain the underlying physics in PEB collapse transition.

关键词： Surface polarization Polyelectrolyte brush Image charge Ion solvation Polyelectrolyte collapse transition

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Malware Evasion Attacks Against IoT and Other Devices: An Empirical Study

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第1期29卷 127-142页

作者： Yan xu Deqiang Li Qianmu Li Shouhuai xu School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China School of Computer Science Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China Department of Computer Science University of Colorado Colorado SpringsColorado SpringsCO 80918USA

The Internet of Things(loT)has grown rapidly due to artificial intelligence driven edge *** enabling many new functions,edge computing devices expand the vulnerability surface and have become the target of malware ***,attackers have used advanced techniques to evade defenses by transforming their malware into functionality-preserving *** systematically analyze such evasion attacks and conduct a large-scale empirical study in this paper to evaluate their impact on *** specifically,we focus on two forms of evasion attacks:obfuscation and adversarial *** the best of our knowledge,this paper is the first to investigate and contrast the two families of evasion attacks *** apply 10 obfuscation attacks and 9 adversarial attacks to 2870 malware *** obtained findings are as follows.(1)Commercial Off-The-Shelf(COTS)malware detectors are vulnerable to evasion attacks.(2)Adversarial attacks affect COTS malware detectors slightly more effectively than obfuscated malware examples.(3)Code similarity detection approaches can be affected by obfuscated examples and are barely affected by adversarial attacks.(4)These attacks can preserve the functionality of original malware examples.

关键词： Android malware obfuscation adversarial examples

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