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Reply to Comment by Steinberger on 'Will Earth's next supercontinent assemble through the closure of the Pacific Ocean?'

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National Science Review 2022年第12期9卷 71-72页

作者： Chuan Huang zheng-xiang li Nan Zhang Earth Dynamics Research Group The Institute for Geoscience Research (TIGeR) School of Earth and Planetary Sciences Curtin University Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution School of Earth and Space SciencesPeking University

Geo dynamic modeling of the super continent cycle crosses the fields of geology,geophysics and computational *** thus welcome the comment by *** from the numerical geodynamics point of view,which gives us the opportunity to clarify some of the concepts,explain further our model approach and necessary simplifications,and point out major ambiguities that require further work.

关键词： PLATE-TECTONICS EVOLUTION RHEOLOGY

Will Earth's next supercontinent assemble through the closure of the Pacific Ocean?

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National Science Review 2022年第12期9卷 73-81页

作者： Chuan Huang zheng-xiang li Nan Zhang Earth Dynamics Research Group The Institute for Geoscience Research(TIGeR) School of Earth and Planetary Sciences Curtin University Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution School of Earth and Space SciencesPeking University

Earth’s known super continents are believed to have formed in vastly different ways,with two endmembers being introversion and *** former involves the closure of the internal oceans formed during the break-up of the previous supercontinent,whereas the latter involves the closure of the previous external super ***,it is unclear what caused such diverging behavior of supercontinent cycles that involved first-order interaction between subducting tectonic plates and the *** we address this question through 4D geo dynamic modeling using realistic tectonic *** results show that the strength of the oceanic lithosphere plays a critical role in determining the assembly path of a *** found that high oceanic lithospheric strength leads to introversion assembly,whereas lower strength leads to extroversion assembly.A theoretically estimated reduction in oceanic crustal thickness,and thus its strength,during Earth’s secular cooling indicates that introversion was only possible for the Precambrian time when the oceanic lithosphere was stronger,thus predicting the assembling of the next supercontinent Amasia through the closure of the Pacific Ocean instead of the Indian-Atlantic *** work provides a new understanding of the secular evolution of plate tectonics and geodynamics as the Earth cooled.

关键词： yield stress oceanic lithosphere introversion extroversion supercontinent cycle

A new scheme of climate-vegetation regionalization in the Hengduan Mountains Region

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第3期67卷 751-768页

作者： Xueqin ZHANG Xiaoming XU xiang li Peng CUI Du zheng Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China China-Pakistan Joint Research Center on Earth Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences-Higher Education Commission of PakistanIslamabad 45320Pakistan

The Hengduan Mountains Region(HMR) is essential for the future ecological protection, clean energy production,Sichuan-Xizang and Yunnan-Xizang railways, and other major infrastructure projects in China. The distributions of climate and vegetation exhibit significant regional differentiation and vertical zonality due to the rugged longitudinal ranges and gorges and the complex disaster-prone environments in HMR. Therefore, it is urgent to develop the climate-vegetation regionalization in HMR to effectively satisfy the national requirements such as agricultural production and ecological protection, mountain disaster risk prevention, and major project construction. We here develop a new scheme of climate-vegetation regionalization with the latest demarcation outcome of HMR, the ground observation from 122 meteorological stations in HMR and its surrounding areas during 1990–2019, and the high-precision remote sensing data of land cover types. The new scheme first constructs the regionalization index system, fully considering the extraordinarily complicated geomorphic pattern of mountains and valleys, the scarcity of meteorological observations, and the remarkable differentiation of climate and vegetation in HMR. The system consists of three primary regionalization indices(i.e., days with daily average temperature steady above 10°C, aridity index, and main vegetation types, dividing the temperature zones, moisture regions, and vegetation subregions, respectively) and three auxiliary indices of the accumulated temperature above 10°C, and the temperatures in January and July. Then, the HMR is divided into five temperature zones, 20 moisture regions, and 55 vegetation subregions. Compared with previous regionalization schemes, the new scheme optimizes the climate spatial interpolation model of thin plate smoothing spline suitable for the unique terrain in HMR. Moreover, the disputed division index threshold between different climatic zones(regions) is scientifically clarifi

关键词： Climate-vegetation regionalization Thin plate smoothing spline(TPSS) GeoDetector Stepwise downscaling pane division method Hengduan Mountains Region

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Unconventional Fluorescent and Multi-responsive Polysiloxane:Synthesis,Characterization and Biological Applications

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第5期42卷 579-590,I0006页

作者： Xiao-Di li Shu-Sheng li Xu-Bao Jiang Xiao-li Zhu xiang zheng Kong College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering University of JinanJinan250022China College of Chemical Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin300072China Foshan(Southern China)Institute for New Materials Foshan528200China

Owing to their high significance in fundamental study and diverse applications,stimuli-responsive and fluorescent polymers,particularly those with cluster-triggered emission(CTE)featured by non-conjugated chromophores,have drawn tremendous attention in recent *** this work,fluorescent and multi-responsive polysiloxane(FRPS)was synthesized by hydrolytic condensation polymerization of 3-aminopropyl methyl diethoxysilane(APMS)with 3-(N-isopropyl propionamide)iminopropyl methyl diethoxysilane(APMS-NIP),which was formed in situ through aza-Michael addition between APMS and N-isopropyl *** was not only highly sensitive to temperature,pH and CO_(2) in water,but also showed an enhanced and stimuli-adjustable fluorescence *** effects of monomer feeding,pH and CO_(2) on its lower critical solution temperature and fluorescent property were *** fluorescence emission was ascribed to CTE *** addition,FRPS was shown to be highly potential as physiological indicator for cell imaging,and for controlled release and trace detection of *** study provides therefore a type of stimuli-responsive and fluorescent material for potential applications in biomedical fields,and it is also of great significance for understanding of the fluorescence mechanism of polysiloxane-based stimuli-responsive polymers.

关键词： Polysiloxane Multi-responsiveness Cluster-triggered emission Cell imaging Controlled drug release

Modulation of d-orbital to realize enriched electronic cobalt sites in cobalt sulfide for enhanced hydrogen evolution in electrocatalytic water/seawater splitting

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Rare Metals 2024年第2期43卷 511-521页

作者： Jian-Peng Sun Yu zheng Zi-Sheng Zhang xiang-Chao Meng Zi-Zhen li Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology(Ministry of Education) College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringOcean University of ChinaQingdao266100China Shanxi Institute of Energy Taiyuan030600China Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of OttawaOttawaONK1N6 N5Canada

Herein,a novel single-atomic Pt doping and interface-rich CoS/Co(OH)_(2)(Pt-CoS/Co(OH)_(2)/C)electrocatalyst has been successfully *** from precise regulation of d-orbital electronic structure modulation on Co site,Pt-CoS/Co(OH)_(2)/C exhibited remarkable HER activity and high stability for hydrogen evolution in splitting both water(73 mV@10 mA·cm^(−2)) and seawater(87 mV@10 mA·cm^(−2)).Notably,atomic Pt doping was introduced into CoS/Co(OH)_(2),which could produce local unbalanced Coulombic force and significantly increased the number of S vacancies,and then expose abundant Co ***,Co(OH)_(2) in Pt-CoS/Co(OH)_(2)/C could act as the adsorption sites for H_(2)O in hydrogen evolution reaction *** functional theory results also proved that atomic Pt doping,S vacancies and Co(OH)_(2) coupling could result in the formation of enriched electronic Co sites and optimize d_(z2) orbital electronic structure,and then realize the depth upward shift of d-band center and enhance the adsorption of H*on Co sites.

关键词： Electrocatalysts Hydrogen evolution reaction Pt-CoS/Co(OH)_(2) d-band center Electronic structure Water/seawater electrolysis

Unconventional Fluorescent and Multi-responsive Polyethyleneimine with LCST and UCST Behavior:Synthesis,Characterization and Biological Applications

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第6期42卷 826-837页

作者： Feng-Ming Yin li-li Wu Shu-Sheng li Xiao-Na Pan Xiao-li Zhu Xu-Bao Jiang xiang zheng Kong College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering University of JinanJinan250022China Shandong Institute for Product Quality Inspection Jinan250102China College of Chemical Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin300072China

Non-aromatic fluorescent and multi-responsive materials,exhibiting inherent fluorescence emission and controlled phase change,have garnered significant attention in recent ***,the underlying interaction between their fluorescent properties and phase transition remains *** this study,we synthesized a series of catalyst-free aza-Michael addition-based polyethyleneimine(RFPEI)materials by reacting polyethyleneimine(PEI)with N-isopropyl acrylamide(NIPAM).The resulting RFPEI was comprehensively characterized,and demonstrated dual-phase transition behavior(LCST and UCST)in water,which could be finely tuned by adjusting its composition or external factors such as ***,upon UV irradiation(365 nm),RFPEI exhibited strong fluorescence *** further investigated the effects of NIPAM grafting percentage to PEI,polymer concentration,and pH on the LCST/UCST and fluorescent properties of RFPEI aqueous ***,we showcased the great potential of RFPEI as a versatile tool for physiological cell imaging,trace detection,and controlled release of *** study presents a novel class of stimuli-responsive fluorescent materials with promising applications in the field of biomedicine.

关键词： Polyethyleneimine Multi-responsiveness Intrinsic fluorescence emission Cell imaging Controlled drug release

Pd@Ir-LOD multienzyme utilizing endogenous lactate consumption cooperates with photothermal for tumor therapy

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Nano Research 2024年第1期17卷 270-281页

作者： Zichen Ye Yun li Jingchao li Xinyan Hu Jinyang zheng Gongxin Zhang Sijin xiang Tianbao Zhu Zhide Guo Xiaolan Chen State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and Engineering Research Center for Nano-Preparation Technology of Fujian ProvinceCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics&Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine School of Public Health Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China The High Educational Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering&Key Laboratory of Fire Retardant Materials of Fujian Province Department of BiomaterialsCollege of MaterialsXiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China

Lactic acid(LA)plays a major role in the occurrence,development,and spread of *** by its high accumulation in tumor site,a novel lactate oxidase(LOD)conjugated two-dimensional Pd@Ir nanoplatform(Pd@Ir-LOD,PIL)was fabricated to combine cascade reaction with photothermal for tumor *** detail,the overexpressed LA in tumor microenvironment(TME)was a key factor to activate the PIL-based cascade reaction:(1)Plenty of H_(2)O_(2)could be generated from LA by the catalysis of LOD with O_(2);(2)potent·OH was produced from H_(2)O_(2)due to the peroxidase(POD)-like activity of PIL;(3)meantime,PIL’s catalase(CAT)-like activity could decompose part H_(2)O_(2)into O_(2)to achieve the purpose of LA cyclic ***,the reduced glutathione(GSH)scavenging capability of PIL might protect the produced reactive oxygen species(ROS)from being cleared to further improve the cascade therapeutic *** importantly,PIL had excellent photothermal conversion efficiency(37.35%)and manifested a surprising temperature rising effect in *** together,the decreasing LA concentration,accumulation of high-toxic ROS,the depletion of GSH together with the higher intra-tumoral temperature potently enhanced in vivo antitumor ***,a promising therapeutic tactic based on PIL integrating endogenous LA consumption,chemodynamic therapy(CDT),and photothermal therapy(PTT)has been put forward.

关键词： lactate oxidase chemodynamic therapy photothermal therapy cascade reaction tumor microenvironment

Experimentally Ruling Out Joint Reality Based on Locality with Device-Independent Steering

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第1期41卷 1-5页

作者： Shuaining Zhang xiang Zhang Zhiyue zheng Wei Zhang Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Beijing 100193China Department of Physics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Functional Materials and Micro-nano Devices Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China Key Laboratory of Quantum State Construction and Manipulation(Ministry of Education) Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China

As an essential concept to understand the world,whether the real values(or physical realities)of observables are suitable to physical systems beyond the classic has been debated for many *** standard nogo results based on Bell inequalities have ruled out the joint reality of incompatible quantum observables,the possibility of giving simple yet strong arguments to rule out joint reality in any physical system(not necessarily quantum)with weaker assumptions and less observables has been explored and proposed ***,we perform a device-independent experiment on a two-qubit superconducting system to show that the joint reality of two observables is incompatible with locality under the weaker assumption of the reality of observables in a single space-time region(or single qubit).Our results clearly show the violation of certain inequalities derived from both linear and nonlinear *** addition,we study the robustness of the linear and nonlinear criterion against the effect of systematic *** demonstration opens up the possibility of delineating classical and non-classical boundaries with simpler nontrivial quantum system.

关键词： observable quantum system

APF-GAN:Exploring asymmetric pre-training and fine-tuning strategy for conditional generative adversarial network

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Computational Visual Media 2024年第1期10卷 187-192页

作者： Yuxuan li lingfeng Yang xiang li College of Computer Science Nankai UniversityTianjinChina School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjingChina

The use of generative adversarial network(GAN)-based models for the conditional generation of image semantic segmentation has shown promising results in recent ***,there are still some limitations,including limited diversity of image style,distortion of detailed texture,unbalanced color tone,and lengthy training *** address these issues,we propose an asymmetric pre-training and fine-tuning(APF)-GAN model.

关键词： tuning network asymmetric