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2022年长江极端干旱下咸潮入侵对浦东新区内河水环境影响及应对措施建议

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环境污染与防治 2024年第9期46卷 1287-1294页

作者：郑奇郑丙辉李丹上海市浦东新区水文水资源管理事务中心上海200129 中国环境科学研究院湖泊水污染治理与生态修复技术国家工程实验室北京100012 南京工业大学城市建设学院江苏南京211086

2022年由于长江流域极端干旱,上海浦东新区水环境安全遭受了巨大压力。为保障城市水环境安全,以长江口-黄浦江-浦东新区内河区域为研究对象,评估极端干旱影响下,咸潮入侵时氯化物时空分布特征及影响因素,剖析咸潮入侵后从长江和从黄浦... 详细信息

2022年由于长江流域极端干旱,上海浦东新区水环境安全遭受了巨大压力。为保障城市水环境安全,以长江口-黄浦江-浦东新区内河区域为研究对象,评估极端干旱影响下,咸潮入侵时氯化物时空分布特征及影响因素,剖析咸潮入侵后从长江和从黄浦江引水对浦东新区内河水环境的影响。结果表明,2022年受长江流域极端干旱影响,长江口水位较往年下降,咸潮入侵时间提前至8月,入侵频次增多,入侵总时长高达142 d。通过“西引东排”的引排水模式,抽调长江水和黄浦江水可应对咸潮。当咸潮入侵较为剧烈时,从长江引水受限,改从黄浦江引水补给内河水源,有助于减轻咸潮入侵风险,并改善内河水质。因此,为应对极端干旱,减少咸潮入侵对内河水环境的影响,应优化长江水和黄浦江水调配方式;同时,建议增强对内河的生态修复,通过生态扩容的方式,减少对引水的依赖,加强内河的自净能力。

关键词：极端干旱咸潮水环境引排水

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邛海大型水生植物时空分布及其退化原因

湖泊科学 2024年第1期36卷 236-246,I0025页

作者：董艳珍张培育李小艳郑丙辉西昌学院四川高原湿地生态与环保应用技术实验室西昌615013 中国科学院水生生物研究所武汉430072 中国环境科学研究院湖泊水污染治理与生态修复技术国家工程实验室北京100012

根据2021年7和12月、2022年5和9月邛海水生植物调查结果,结合文献资料,分析了邛海水生植物种类组成、群落结构和空间分布状况以及退化原因,提出了邛海水生植物恢复的对策建议。邛海湖区有水生植物23种,主要分布在水深2 m内,在湖泊北岸... 详细信息

根据2021年7和12月、2022年5和9月邛海水生植物调查结果,结合文献资料,分析了邛海水生植物种类组成、群落结构和空间分布状况以及退化原因,提出了邛海水生植物恢复的对策建议。邛海湖区有水生植物23种,主要分布在水深2 m内,在湖泊北岸成片分布,湖泊西岸和南岸呈斑块状分布,东岸零星分布,总面积约1.3 km^(2)。水生植物分布面积由1990s前占湖面积的20%左右缩减到目前的不足5%,沉水植物群落结构简单化,浮叶植物和挺水植物分布范围扩张。1998年洪水从海河口倒灌,致使高枧湾水域沉水植被消失;近10年来湖泊运行水位抬升和透明度下降使得邛海水生植物分布面积进一步缩小、种群单一化。需要恢复邛海水位运行的自然节律,减少污染负荷输入改善水体透明度,辅之人工生态修复等措施,逐步恢复邛海水生态系统健康。

关键词：水生植物时空分布群落演替邛海

Toxic effects of fluoranthene and copper on marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第11期20卷 1363-1372页

作者： WANG Liping zheng binghui River and Coastal Environment Research Center Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012 China

To investigate the effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and metals on the population reproduction,antioxidative defense system and cell ultrastructure of the marine diatom,fluoranthene and Cu2+ were selected to test their toxicity to Phaeodactylum tricorntum,in the *** results indicated that both fluoranthene and Cu2+ inhibited population reproduction of *** the algal cells were exposed to fluoranthene or Cu2+ for 72 h,ultrastructure damage in the cells was observed un...

关键词： marine diatom polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) heavy metals transmission electron microscope (TEM)

东北地区典型湖沼沉积物溶解态有机质组成特征及来源解析:以库里泡为例

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湖泊科学 2024年第1期36卷 165-176,I0002,I0003页

作者：黄晏宇刘婷婷王桂燕储昭升高思佳潘云凤郑丙辉沈阳药科大学制药工程学院沈阳110016 中国环境科学研究院湖泊水污染治理与生态修复技术国家工程实验室北京100012

溶解态有机质(DOM)是湖泊沉积物的重要组分,解析DOM的组成和来源对于深入理解湖泊有机质生物地球化学循环及控制水体富营养化具有重要意义。本研究于2021年5月和8月采集了大庆市库里泡表层及柱状沉积物、泡内水生物(浮游藻类、挺水植物... 详细信息

溶解态有机质(DOM)是湖泊沉积物的重要组分,解析DOM的组成和来源对于深入理解湖泊有机质生物地球化学循环及控制水体富营养化具有重要意义。本研究于2021年5月和8月采集了大庆市库里泡表层及柱状沉积物、泡内水生物(浮游藻类、挺水植物和沉水植物)、岸边土壤、陆生C3和C4植物、禽畜粪便以及城镇污水等样品,分析了样品DOM的稳定同位素(δ^(13)C和δ^(15)N)组成及三维荧光光谱特征,并利用IsoSource软件计算了不同来源样品对沉积物DOM的贡献率。结果显示:(1)库里泡内表层沉积物DOM的δ13C和δ15N组成存在季节性差异,5月δ^(13)C和δ^(15)N均值分别为-25.54‰和9.02‰,8月分别为-26.81‰和8.40‰。(2)库里泡内柱状沉积物DOM的δ^(13)C和δ^(15)N组成在垂直方向存在差异,表层(0~3 cm)δ^(13)C和δ^(15)N均值分别为-26.58‰和9.04‰,深层(3~30 cm)均值分别为-25.40‰和10.61‰。(3)表层沉积物DOM的三维荧光组分存在季节性差异。5月以类腐殖质荧光组分为主,占比为87.89%,HIX和BIX分别为6.27和0.67;8月蛋白类荧光组分占比为49.58%,HIX和BIX指数均值分别为1.72和0.87。(4)5月表层沉积物DOM外源输入占比为61%,以土壤(21.40%)和城镇污水(18.08%)为主;而8月内源贡献占比稍高(55.10%),且以挺水植物为主(48.68%)。(5)柱状沉积物(0~30 cm)不同深度DOM来源组成相近,主要为城镇污水、沉水植物/藻和挺水植物,贡献率均值分别为42.13%、25.07%和18.53%。整体上,库里泡沉积物DOM来源主要受到流域内人类活动及气候特征的影响,本文研究结果有利于加深对我国东北地区湖泊沉积物有机质迁移转化及累积规律的认识。

关键词：库里泡沉积物溶解态有机质三维荧光光谱-平行因子分析碳氮稳定同位素来源解析

Eutrophication development and its key regulating factors in a water-supply reservoir in North China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第5期25卷 962-970页

作者： Liping Wang Lusan Liu binghui zheng State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Estuary and Coastal Environment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences

Yanghe Reservoir is an important source of drinking water for Qinhuangdao City,North China;however,in recent decades this water source has been eutrophic with recurrent summer cyanobacterial *** trophic grade of the system in summer was mesotrophiceutrophic in 1990 and became hypertrophic in *** nutrient availability is extremely high during the entire year,and the water temperature should be the primary driver of the summer *** May-October of 2010 and 2011,abrupt variations were observed in the Secchi depth（SD） and chlorophyll a（Chl-a）,and both the correlated analysis of Chl-a-SD and trophic status indices（TSI） deviation（TSI Chl-a-TSI SD） showed that algal cell density dominated light *** the algal bloom outbreak,the microcystin concentration was found to vary between 0.35-2.12 μg/L in 2010 and 0.11-1.86 μg/L in *** maximum microcystin content was more than two times the safety limit required for drinking *** discharges were most concentrated in the summer,with periods of lower residence time and the largest water level fluctuation over the entire *** a high availability of nutrients promoted a high Chl-a concentration in the whole system,it appeared that the instability caused by the decrease in residence time could not produce effective changes in the cyanobacterial *** results indicated that nutrient enrichment in the aquatic systems of Yanghe Reservoir is the most serious problem and that the status would not been modified effectively by increasing hydrological fluctuations（e.g.,decreasing the residence time）.Therefore,decreasing the nutrient concentrations is the only route to improve the water quality of this reservoir.

关键词： eutrophication trophic state cyanobacterial bloom limiting factors water-supply reservoir

Heavy metal pollution in Tianjin Bohai Bay,China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第7期20卷 814-819页

作者： MENG Wei QIN Yanwen zheng binghui River and Coastal Environment Research Center Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China

The contamination levels and distribution characters of heavy metals in coastal waters and sediments from Tianjin Bohai Bay,China were *** and Zn were found as the main heavy metal pollutants in the coastal waters of the *** levels of Pb and Zn appeared especially near the estuary,indicating that river discharge was the main pollution ***,atmospheric deposition resulted in Pb contamination in the middle of the *** of data for the period 1987-2004 indicated that Pb pol...

关键词： heavy metals pollution Tianjin Bohai Bay China

Photoinduced toxicity single and binary mixtures of four polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to the marine diatom Skeletonema costatum

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2007年第6期26卷 41-50页

作者： MENG Wei WANG Liping zheng binghui River and Coastal Environment Research Center Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012 China

Diatom Skeletonema costatum Cleve is one of the main predominant phytoplankton species in the Changjiang Estuary in China. In order to provide some basic information for future assessment of the potential risk on phytoplankton communities in this estuary caused by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（ PAHs）, this alga was selected as a representative to investigate the photoinduced toxicity of PAHs, in single and mixture. Four PAHs including three-ring phenanthrene and anthracene, four-ring fluoranthene and pyrene were tested in the laboratory. The single toxicity of each PAH on this microalga was compared with and without the simulated solar UV radiation. The results showed that this microalga was sensitive to PAH＇ s photoinduced toxicity. Ratios of the 72 h median effect concentration obtained for fluorescent and UV light tests were about 8.4 for phenanthrene, 13.0 for anthracene, 6. 5 for fluoranthene, and 5.7 for pyrene, indicating that UV light enhanced the PAH toxicity to this alga significantly. Under the fluorescent radiation （lacking UV ）, the dose-response curves based on chemical concentrations revealed that the order of toxic strength was fluoranthene greater than pyrene greater than anthracene greater than phenanthrene; while under the UV radiation （476 μW/cm^2 for UVA, 6.5 μW/cm^2 for UVB） it became fluoranthene approximately equaling anthracene greater than pyrene greater than phenanthrene, indicating that the UV light also changed its relative toxicity to this alga. The photoinduced toxicity of PAHs to the marine diatom S. costatum might be a synergistic effect of photosensitization reactions （ e. g. , generation of singlestate oxygen） and photomodification （photooxidation and/or photolysis）. The combined effects of six binary mixtures on the marine diatom S. costatum were investigated using the additive-index method. Four binary-mixtures （ phenanthrene plus anthracene ; phenanthrene plus pyrene ; anthracene plus fluoranthene ; anthracene plus pyrene） we

关键词： marine diatom polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons phototoxicity combined toxicity

Phragmites australis and Typha orientalis in removal of pollutant in Taihu Lake, China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第4期21卷 440-446页

作者： TIAN Ziqiang zheng binghui LIU Meizhen ZHANG Zhenyu River and Coastal Environment Research Center Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012 China. State Key Laboratory of Vegetation Environmental Change Institute of Botany the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China Department of Water Environmental Planning Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning Beijing 100012 China

Two plant populations of Phragmites australis and Typha orientalis grown in gravel and sediment substrate were studied to assess their capabilities for purifying polluted water in Taihu Lake, China. The substrate displayed most significant effects on the suspended matter （P 〈 0.01）, with the reduction of 76%-87% and 52%--63% for P. australis, and 83%-86% and 45%-62% for T. orientalis in gravel substrate and sediment substrate, respectively. Both species and substrates significantly decreased the N and P concentrations of water body （P 〈 0.01）. P. australis showed higher total N and P concentrations in tissues than T. orientalis and had a greater potential to remove nutrients from the lake. Phosphate was easily to concentrate in the belowground tissues, while nitrate concentration was higher in leaf and stalk. Therefore, harvesting the aboveground tissues could take most of nitrate out of the sediment. The saturate photosynthetic rate （Asat） of P. australis was higher than that of T. orientalis when grown in sediment substrate. But instance water-use- efficiency （WUEi）（A/E） and intrinsic water use efficiency （A/gs） showed the maximum values of two species grown in river water. With significant difference in gs, however, intercellular CO2 concentration （Ci） had no obvious difference in two species which indicated that high Asat value of P. australis might result from the increased carboxylation capacity of the mesophyll, because of the central role of N in photosynthetic enzymes. Our findings suggest that the plants could absorb most of nitrogen in polluted water, while gravel displayed a high capacity for absorbing the suspended matters and phosphate salts. Therefore, biological and physiological pathways for pollutant removal should be integrated.

关键词： Phragmites australis Typha orientalis nutrient removal gas exchange Taihu Lake

Integrated assessment of river health based on water quality, aquatic life and physical habitat

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第8期21卷 1017-1027页

作者： MENG Wei ZHANG Nan ZHANG Yuan zheng binghui River and Costal Environmental Research Center China Research Academy of Environment Science Beijing 100012 China Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences College of Water Sciences Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

The health conditions of Liao River were assessed using 25 sampling sites in April 2005, with water quality index, biotic index and physical habitat quality index. Based on the method of cluster analysis （CA） for water quality indices, it revealed that heavily polluted sites of Liao River are located at estuary and mainstream. The aquatic species surveyed were attached algae and benthic invertebrates. The result showed that the diversity and biomass of attached algae and benthic index of biotic integrity （B-IBI） were degrading as the chemical and physical quality of water bodies deteriorating. Physiochemical parameters, BODs, CODcr, TN, TP, NH3-N, DO, petroleum hydrocarbon and conductivity, were statistically analyzed with principal component analysis and correlation analysis. The statistical results were incorporated into the integrated assessing water quality index, combining fecal coliform count, attached algae diversity, B-IBI and physical habitat quality score. A comprehensive integrated assessing system of fiver ecological health was established. Based on the systimetic assessment, the assessed sites are categorized into 9 ＂healthy＂ and ＂sub-healthy＂ sites and 8 ＂sub-sick＂ and ＂sick＂ sites.

关键词： Liao River river health assessment benthic-index of biotic integrity water quality physical habitat conditions