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Several basic problems in plastic theory of geomaterials

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2009年第1期3卷 81-84页

作者： Yuanxue LIU Jiawu ZHOU Zhongyou LI Chen CHEN yingren zheng The Institute of Geotechnical Engineering Department of Architecture and Civil EngineeringLogistical Engineering UniversityChongqing 400041China

Based on the basic mechanical properties of geomaterials,it was proven that the Drucker Postulate and the classical theory of plasticity can not be applied to ***,several basic problems of plastic theory of geomaterials were *** on the strict theoretical analysis,the following have been proven:the single yield surface model based on the classical theory of plasticity is unsuitable for geomaterials whether the rule of associated flow is applied or not;the yield surface of geomaterials is not unique,and its number is the same as the freedoms of plastic strain increment;the yield surface is not convex;and the rule of associated flow is unsuitable for geomaterials.

关键词： constitutive relation geomaterials classial plastic theory Drucker Postulate yield surface flow rule

An elastic mechanics model and computation method for geotechnical material

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Engineering Sciences 2010年第3期8卷 49-56页

作者： zheng yingren Gao Hong zheng Lushi Department of Civil Engineering Logistical Engineering University Chongqing 400041 China State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430071 China

Internal friction characteristic is one of the basic properties of geotechnical materials and it exists in mechanical elements all the time. However,until now internal friction is only considered in limit analysis and plastic mechanics but not included in elastic theory for rocks and soils. We consider that internal friction exists in both elastic state and plastic state of geotechnical materials,so the mechanical unit of friction material is constituted. Based on study results of soil tests,the paper also proposes that cohesion takes effect first and internal friction works gradually with the increment of deformation. By assuming that the friction coefficient is proportional to the strain,the internal friction is computed. At last,by imitating the linear elastic mechanics,the nonlinear elastic mechanics model of friction material is established,where the shear modulus G is not a constant. The new model and the traditional elastic model are used simultaneously to analyze an elastic foundation. The results indicate that the displacements computed by the new model are less than those from the traditional method,which agrees with the fact and shows that the mechanical units of friction material are suitable for geotechnical material.

关键词： geotechnical material elastic mechanics model computation method

Generalized Plastic Mechanics and Its Application

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工程科学（英文版） 2006年第1期4卷 6-26页

作者： zheng yingren Kong Liang Logistical Engineering University Chongqing 400041 Solid Mechanics Institute Ningxia University Yinchuan 750021

The development of geotechnical plasticity is reviewed and some problems of applying the classical plastic mechanics (CPM) to geomaterials are analyzed, and then CPM’s three hypotheses not fitted the deformation mechanism of geomaterials are pointed out. By giving up the three hypotheses, a generalized plastic potential theory can be obtained from solid mechanics directly, and then the traditional plastic mechanics can be changed to a more generalized plastic mechanics, namely generalized plastic mechanics (GPM). The GPM adopts the component theory as theoretical base, so it can reflect the influence of transition of stress path. The unreasonable phenomena such as excessive dilatancy caused by adopting the normality-flow law can be avoided, and the error caused by the arbitrary assumption of plastic potential surfaces cannot be produced. The yield surface theory, hardening laws and stress-strain relations of GPM are given, and a GPM including the rotation of principal stress axes is also established. It is pointed out that the yield condition is a state parameter as well as a test parameter, and it can only be given by test. After the practical application, it is shown that the GPM cannot only be applied to the modeling theory of geomaterials but also to other fields of geomechanics such as limit analysis.

关键词：塑性力学塑性势能屈服曲面本构模型土工技术

岩土材料屈服与破坏及边(滑)坡稳定分析方法研讨——“三峡库区地质灾害专题研讨会”交流讨论综述

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岩石力学与工程学报 2007年第4期26卷 649-661页

作者：郑颖人后勤工程学院军事建筑工程系

在中国力学学会岩土力学专委会主办的“三峡库区地质灾害专题研讨会”上,与会专家以边(滑)坡引发的地质灾害为背景,集中讨论边(滑)坡工程治理中的力学问题。第一个中心议题关系到岩土材料的屈服与破坏准则,指出屈服与破坏的不同、屈服... 详细信息

在中国力学学会岩土力学专委会主办的“三峡库区地质灾害专题研讨会”上,与会专家以边(滑)坡引发的地质灾害为背景,集中讨论边(滑)坡工程治理中的力学问题。第一个中心议题关系到岩土材料的屈服与破坏准则,指出屈服与破坏的不同、屈服准则的不同形式,尤其是提出岩土材料统一强度理论、摩擦能的概念与岩土能量屈服准则以及基于三剪强度理论的智能岩土屈服准则;探讨岩土材料破坏准则及其可以表述的各种形式,提出应变表述的破坏准则,并研究砂土剪切带形成与渐进破坏进程;介绍我国应用能量原理研究岩石破坏机制及岩体水力劈裂机制的进展。第二个中心议题重点讨论边(滑)坡稳定分析方法中的有关问题,如边(滑)坡安全系数定义的分析与选用,提出c,?的双安全系数(双折减系数)的定义及其计算方法;讨论边(滑)坡传统稳定分析方法与数值方法的进展,提出多种新的解法,并进行相互比较。在传统稳定分析方法中给出简化Bishop法的解析解、边坡三维分析准严格极限平衡法以及用滑移线对边坡滑动区划分单元的运动单元法,并用于分析研究边坡在干湿循环条件下的长期稳定性,进一步扩展边坡传统分析方法。数值分析方法中,除应用有限元、离散元、有限差分等方法外,土体渗流分析与有限元强度折减法结合的边坡稳定分析方法正在迅速发展,并在边坡稳定分析中从经典弹塑性力学扩展到非平衡态弹塑性力学,从岩体变形理论扩展到岩体变形控制与加固理论。这表明数值分析在边坡稳定分析与边坡加固中将逐渐起主导作用。肯定有限元强度折减法的可行性、优越性与实用性,提出在其应用中需要解决的一些问题及应用中的一些经验,并把强度折减法应用到离散元法与岩石破裂过程分析方法中。研究讨论有限元强度折减法中岩土结构失稳破坏的判据,提出多种判据,主要有滑面上塑性应变或位移出现突变、有限元数值计算不收敛及从坡角到坡顶塑性区贯通等。但至今尚无一致的意见,认为各种判据的结果相差不大,与传统方法接近。最后,提出边坡三维分析的准严格传统方法与基于强度折减的数值分析方法,向三维分析迈进一大步。

关键词：边坡工程岩土材料屈服准则破坏准则极限平衡法有限元强度折减法安全系数三维分析

Research on the stability analysis and design of soil tunnel surrounding rock

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Engineering Sciences 2010年第3期8卷 57-70页

作者： zheng yingren Qiu Chenyu Xiao Qiang Department of Civil Engineering Logistical Engineering University Chongqing 400041 China

The paper first analyzes the failure mechanism and mode of tunnel according to model experiments and mechanical calculation and then discusses the deficiency of taking the limit value of displacement around the tunnel and the size of the plastic zone of surrounding rock as the criterion of stability. So the writers put forward the idea that the safety factor of surrounding rock calculated through strength reduction FEM(finit element method) should be regarded as the criterion of stability,which has strict mechanical basis and unified standard and would not be influenced by other factors. The paper also studies the safety factors of tunnel surrounding rock (safety factors of shear and tension failure) and lining and some methods of designing and calculating tunnels. At last,the writers take the loess tunnel for instance and show the design and calculation results of two-lane railway tunnel.

关键词： stability of tunnel surrounding rock strength reduction FEM safety factor of shear safety factor of tension failure design method of tunnel

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岩土数值极限分析方法的发展与应用

岩石力学与工程学报 2012年第7期31卷 1297-1316页

作者：郑颖人后勤工程学院军事建筑工程系重庆400041 重庆市地质灾害防治工程技术研究中心重庆400041

固体材料受力后从弹性发展到塑性、再发展到破坏,表明屈服与破坏是不同的。本文简述了岩土材料的屈服准则,并提出岩土材料的屈服准则体系,提出材料应力场中点破坏和整体面破坏2种概念及其定义,并用传统极限分析方法定义材料的整体面破... 详细信息

固体材料受力后从弹性发展到塑性、再发展到破坏,表明屈服与破坏是不同的。本文简述了岩土材料的屈服准则,并提出岩土材料的屈服准则体系,提出材料应力场中点破坏和整体面破坏2种概念及其定义,并用传统极限分析方法定义材料的整体面破坏准则。回顾分析传统极限分析方法的求解特点,由此指出传统极限分析法与数值分析法的不足,两者结合形成近年发展的数值极限分析方法,使极限分析方法的适用范围大幅扩大。就传统极限分析法与数值极限法的内涵、特点做深入的分析,论证了方法的可靠性,同时指出数值极限分析法的优越性及其存在的问题,最后举例说明数值极限分析方法在岩土工程中的边(滑)坡、地基以及隧道工程中的广泛适用性。

关键词：数值分析屈服准则破坏准则极限分析法数值极限分析法极限荷载稳定安全系数

Analytic solution of phreatic surface in the slope of reservoir bank

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Engineering Sciences 2008年第3期6卷 76-84页

作者： Tang Xiaosong zheng yingren Shi Weimin Department of Architecture ＆ Civil Engineering LEU Chongqing 400041 China Institute of Engineering Designing Military District of Lanzhou Lanzhou 730000 China

In most cases, the slope stability of reservoir bank is analyzed on the premise that the location of phreatic surface is obtained. But many designers generalize a line as the phreatie surface through their experience to analyze the stability, which is unsafe in the project. To find a solution of the phreatic surface which is convenient to put into use and in accordance with the practice, the article, based on Boussinesq equation, infers analytic solutions suitable to the water level at different ratios and achieves an analytic solution equation through fitting curves. The correctness of the equation is also proved by the experiments of sand and sand-clay models and the inaccuracy of empirical generalization is analyzed quantitatively. The calculation results show that the inaccuracy through the method of experiential generalizing is so large that the designers should be awake to it.

关键词： reservoir banks phreatic surface analytic solution numerical solution empirical generalization

The study of slip line field and upper bound method based on associated flow and non-associated flow rules

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Engineering Sciences 2010年第3期8卷 21-40页

作者： zheng yingren Deng Chujian Wang Jinglin Logistical Engineering University Chongqing 400041 China No. 6 Air Defense Engineering Department of PLA Air Force Hengyang Hunan 421001 China

At present, associated flow rule of traditional plastic theory is adopted in the slip line field theory and upper bound method of geotechnical materials. So the stress characteristic line conforms to the velocity line. It is proved that geotechnical materials do not abide by the associated flow rule. It is impossible for the stress characteristic line to conform to the velocity line. Generalized plastic mechanics theoretically proved that plastic potential surface intersects the Mohr-Coulomb yield surface with an angle, so that the velocity line must be studied by non-associated flow rule. According to limit analysis theory, the theory of slip line field is put forward in this paper, and then the ultimate beating capacity of strip footing is obtained based on the associated flow rule and the non-associated flow nile individually. These two results are identical since the ultimate bearing capacity is independent of flow role. On the contrary, the velocity fields of associated and non-associated flow rules are different which shows the velocity field based on the associat- ed flow rule is incorrect.

关键词： slip line field upper bound method associated flow rule non-associated flow rule generalized plastic theory

Study on the FEM design of reinforced earth retaining wall with geogrid

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Engineering Sciences 2010年第3期8卷 71-80页

作者： Song Yakun zheng yingren Tang Xiaosong Zhang Yufang Department of Civil Engineering Logistical Engineering University Chongqing 400041 China China Academy of Railway Sciences Beijing 100081 China

At present,limit equilibrium method is often adopted in the design of reinforced earth retaining wall. Geotechnical engineers home and abroad have done a lot of work to improve the traditional calculation methods in recent years,while there are lots of defects. This paper first identifies the location of failure surface and safety factor through the finite element program of PLAXIS and then analyses the influencing factors of the stability of reinforced earth retaining wall with geogrid. The authors adopt strength reduction FEM (finite element method)in the design and stability analysis of reinforced earth retaining wall and have achieved some satisfying results. Without any assumptions,the new design method can automatically judge the failure mode of reinforced earth retaining wall,consider the influence of axial tensile stiffness of the reinforcement stripe on the stability of retaining wall,identify reasonable distance and length of the reinforcement stripe,and choose suitable parameters of reinforcement stripe,including strength,stiffness and pseudo-friction coefficient which makes the design optimal. It is proved through the calculation examples that this method is more reasonable,reliable and economical in the design of reinforced earth retaining wall.

关键词： FEM strength reduction methods earth retaining walls optimization design