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Epigenetic Modifications and Plant Hormone Action

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Molecular Plant 2016年第1期9卷 57-70页

作者： Chizuko Yamamuro Jian-Kang Zhu zhenbiao yang Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics Center Haixia Institute of Science and Technology Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou 350002 Fujian PRC Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 USA Department of Botany and Plant Sciences Center for Plant Cell Biology Institute of Integrative Genome Biology University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA

The action of phytohormones in plants requires the spatiotemporal regulation of their accumulation and responses at various levels. Recent studies reveal an emerging relationship between the function of phytohormones and epigenetic modifications. In particular, evidence suggests that auxin biosynthesis, transport, and signal transduction is modulated by microRNAs and epigenetic factors such as histone modification, chromatin remodeling, and DNA methylation. Furthermore, some phytohormones have been shown to affect epigenetic modifications. These findings are shedding light on the mode of action of phytohormones and are opening up a new avenue of research on phytohormones as well as on the mech- anisms reaulatino eoioenetic modifications.

关键词： epigenetics auxin plant hormones gene expression chromatin regulation DNA methylation

AtPRK2 Promotes ROP1 Activation via RopGEFs in the Control of Polarized Pollen Tube Growth

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Molecular Plant 2013年第4期6卷 1187-1201页

作者： Fang Chang Ying Gu Hong Ma zhenbiao yang State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering Institute of Plant Biology School of Life Sciences Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China National Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 China Center for Plant Cell Biology and Department of Botany and Plant Sciences University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA Present address: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA Center for Evolutionary Biology School of Life Sciences Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China

The ROP1 GTPase-based signaling network controls tip growth in Arabidopsis pollen tubes. Our previous studies imply that ROP1 might be directly activated by RopGEF1, which belongs to a plant-specific family of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors （RopGEFs） and in turn may be activated by an unknown factor through releasing RopGEFI＇s auto-inhibition. In this study, we found that RopGEF1 forms a complex with ROP1 and AtPRK2, a receptor-like protein kinase previously shown to interact with RopGEFs. AtPRK2 phosphorylated RopGEF1 in vitro and the atprkl,2,5 tri- ple mutant showed defective pollen tube growth, similar to the phenotype of the ropgef1,9,12,14 quadruple mutant. Overexpression of a dominant negative form of AtPRK2 （DN-PRK2） inhibited pollen germination in Arabidopsis and reduced pollen elongation in tobacco. The DN-PRK2-induced pollen germination defect was rescued by overexpressing a constitutively active form of RopGEF1, RopGEF1（90-457）, implying that RopGEF1 acts downstream of AtPRK2. Moreover, AtPRK2 increased ROP1 activity at the apical plasma membrane whereas DN-PRK2 reduced ROP1 activity. Finally, two mutations at the C-terminal putative phosphorylation sites of RopGEF1 （RopGEF1S460A and RopGEF1S480A） eliminated the function of RopGEF1 in vivo. Taken together, our results support the hypothesis that AtPRK2 acts as a positive regula- tor of the ROP1 signaling pathway most likely by activating RopGEF1 through phosphorylation.

关键词： AtPRK2 RopGEF1 ROP GTPase auto-inhibition polarity growth.

The glucosinolate regulation in plant: A new view on lanthanum stimulating the growth of plant

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Journal of Rare Earths 2019年第5期37卷 555-564页

作者： Qing yang Lihong Wang Li Zhou zhenbiao yang Qing Zhou Xiaohua Huang National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Center for Plant Cell Biology Institute for Integrative Genome Biology University of California

The harmful effect of low-concentration lanthanum [La(Ⅲ)] on plants was investigated by choosing horseradish as a representative of plants and using the methods of physics, analytical chemistry and biology. The results show that the genetic expressions related to glucosinolates(GLS, the marker of plant resisting harmful effects) synthesis are significantly increased after the endocytosis in leaf cells is initiated by low-concentrations La(Ⅲ). Consequently, the activities in the key enzymes for catalyzing the GLS synthesis are promoted. Meanwhile, the contents of the precursors and substrates in GLS synthesis are increased. All the above changes accelerate the GLS synthesis and result in the maximum increase in GLS content by 14%. Finally, the uptake of nutrient elements in horseradish is enhanced, and the yield of horseradish is maximally increased by 25%. Therefore, low-concentration La(Ⅲ) is harmful to plants, and plants can promote growth to resist the harmful effects of low-concentration La(Ⅲ) by regulating GLS content. The results show a new insight into how rare earth elements stimulate plant growth, and provide a reference for the risk assessment of rare earth elements.

关键词： Low-concentration rare earth elements Glucosinolates Genetic expression Response Harmful effect Environmental adaptation

Signaling in Pollen Tube Growth： Crosstalk, Feedback, and Missing Links

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Molecular Plant 2013年第4期6卷 1053-1064页

作者： Yuefeng Guan Jingzhe Guo Hui Li zhenbiao yang Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Shanghai Institutes of Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China Center for Plant Cell Biology and Department of Botany and Plant Sciences University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA

Pollen tubes elongate rapidly at their tips through highly polarized cell growth known as tip growth. Tip growth requires intensive exocytosis at the tip, which is supported by a dynamic cytoskeleton and vesicle trafficking. Several signaling pathways have been demonstrated to coordinate pollen tube growth by regulating cellular activities such as actin dynamics, exocytosis, and endocytosis. These signaling pathways crosstalk to form a signaling network that coordinates the cellular processes required for tip growth. The homeostasis of key signaling molecules is critical for the proper elongation of the pollen tube tip, and is commonly fine-tuned by positive and negative regulations. In addition to the major signaling pathways, emerging evidence implies the roles of other signals in the regulation of pollen tube growth. Here we review and discuss how these signaling networks modulate the rapid growth of pollen tubes.

关键词： polarity pollen development reproductive biology signal transduction.

Signaling mechanisms integrating carbon and nitrogen utilization in plants

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Frontiers in Biology 2012年第6期7卷 548-556页

作者： Yuying SANG Wenfeng SUN zhenbiao yang National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China Department of Botany and Plant Sciences and Center for Plant Cell Biology Institute for Integrative Genome Biology University of California-Riverside Riverside CA 92521 USA

Carbon （C） and nitrogen （N） are two essential nutrients affecting plant growth and development. Plants are non-motile organisms and have evolved highly sophisticated and complex sensing and signaling mechanisms to respond to the dynamic changes of C and N nutrients in their surroundings. C and N metabolism are tightly coordinated to maintain intraceilular C/N homeostasis. However, the regulatory mechanism underlying C/N coordination and balancing in plants remains to be elucidated. It has been suggested that C and N metabolism are modulated by the interaction of C signaling with N signaling or by C/N ratio signaling. This review focuses on cell signaling studies that provide insight into the regulation mechanism of C/N balancing in plants.

关键词： carbon nitrogen balancing coordination signaling

Salicylic Acid Regulates Pollen Tip Growth ：hrough an NPR3/NPR4-1ndependent Pathway

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Molecular Plant 2016年第11期9卷 1478-1491页

作者： Duoyan Rong Nan Luo Jean Claude Mollet Xuanming Liu zhenbiao yang State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation College of Biology Hunan University Changsha 410082 China Department of Botany and Plant Sciences and Center for Plant Cell Biology Institute of Integrated Genome Biology University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA Normandie Univ UniRouen Laboratoire Glycobiologie et Matrice Extracellulaire V6getale Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine Vegetal Agronomie Sol et Innovation 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan France

Tip growth is a common strategy for the rapid elongation of cells to forage the environment and/or to target to long-distance destinations. In the model tip growth system of Arabidopsis pollen tubes, several small- molecule hormones regulate their elongation, but how these rapidly diffusing molecules control extremely localized growth remains mysterious. Here we show that the interconvertible salicylic acid （SA） and meth- ylated SA （MESA）, well characterized for their roles in plant defense, oppositely regulate Arabidopsis pollen tip growth with SA being inhibitory and MeSA stimulatory. The effect of SA and MeSA was independent of known NPR3/NPR4 SA receptor-mediated signaling pathways. SA inhibited clathrin-mediated endocytosis in pollen tubes associated with an increased accumulation of less stretchable demethylated pectin in the apical wall, whereas MeSA did the opposite. Furthermore, SA and MeSA alter the apical activation of ROP1 GTPase, a key regulator of tip growth in pollen tubes, in an opposite manner. Interestingly, both MeSA methylesterase and SA methyltransferase, which catalyze the interconversion between SA and MESA, are localized at the apical region of pollen tubes, indicating of the tip-localized production of SA and MeSA and consistent with their effects on the apical cellular activities. These findings suggest that local generation of a highly diffusible signal can regulate polarized cell growth, providing a novel mechanism of cell polarity control apart from the one involving protein and mRNA polarization.

关键词： SA (salicylic acid) MeSA (methyl salicylic acid) endocytosis FM4-64 CRIB4-GFP ROP activity

G Protein Regulation of Plant Hormone Action

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植物学通报 2003年第4期20卷 395-406页

作者： FangBAO zhenbiaoyang CenterforPlantCellBiologyandDepamnentofBotanyandPlantSciences UnkversityofCaliforniaRiversideCalifornia92521USA

Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins known as G proteins or GTPases are universal molecular switches that play a pivotal role in signal transduction. Signal transducing GTPases include heterotrimeric G proteins composed of Gα, Gβ and Gγ and monomeric small GTPases. Small GTPases are related to the α subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins but differ from heterotrimeric Gproteins in the mechanisms by which they are regulated by upstream factors as well as those by which they activate downstream targets (yang,2002). There are two types of G proteins cycle between the active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound forms through GDP-GTP exchange and GTP hydrolysis, respectively. In contrast to the direct coupling to a seven-transmembrane receptor for the activation of heterotrimeric G proteins, small GTPases are activated by GTP-GDP exchange factors (GEF)s, which are directly or indirectly regulated by transmembrane receptors. Furthermore, inactivation of small GTPases requires a GTPase-activating protein(GAP), because of their slow intrinsic GTPase activity. In addition, the activity of most small GTPases can be regulated by a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI), which suppresses the activation of the GTPase switch both by inhibiting GDP dissociation from GTPases and sequestering them in the cytosol(Fig.1).

关键词：植物激素 G蛋白调节 GTP酶

Celebrating Plant Cells:A Special Issue on Plant Cell Biology

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2007年第8期49卷 1089-1090页

作者： zhenbiao yang Center for Plant Cell Biology,Department of Botany and Plant Sciences,University of California,Riverside,CA 92521,USABe Liu Section of Plant Biology,University of California,Davis,CA 95616,USA Center for Plant Cell Biology Department of Botany and Plant Sciences University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA Section of Plant Biology University of California Davis CA 95616 USA

A special issue on plant cell biology is long overdue for JIPB! In the last two decades or so, the plant biology community has been thrilled by explosive discoveries regarding the molecular and genetic basis of plant growth, development, and responses to the environment, largely owing to recent maturation of model systems like Arabidopsis thaliana and the rice Oryza sativa, as well as the rapid development of high throughput technologies associated with qenomics and proteomics.

关键词： Celebrating Plant Cells

Transmission of ceftazidime-avibactam-resistant Escherichia coli among pets,veterinarians and animal hospital environment

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Biosafety and Health 2024年第3期6卷 191-198页

作者： Hegen Dai Dongyan Shao Yu Song Qi An zhenbiao Zhang Haixia Zhang Siyu Chen Congming Wu Jianzhong Shen Yanli Lyu yang Wang Shizhen Ma Zhaofei Xia National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Safety College of Veterinary MedicineChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Key Laboratory of Animal Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsCollege of Veterinary MedicineChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine College of Veterinary MedicineChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Shanxi Key Laboratory for Modernization of TCVM College of Veterinary MedicineShanxi Agricultural UniversityTaiyuan 030801China Ruichen Pet Hospital Group Co. LtdXiamen 361004China

Ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA) is a recently approved combination synthetic β-lactamase inhibitor used in human clinical medicine. Cases of CZA resistance in humans have already been reported, but limited research has investigated CZA resistance in pets. This study explored the prevalence and transmission of CZA-resistant Escherichia coli (CZAREC) among pets, their owners, veterinarians, and the environment in animal hospitals. A total of 5,419 clinical samples were collected from dogs and cats, along with samples from the environment (n = 5,843), veterinarians (n = 557), and pet owners (n = 368) in animal hospitals. From these samples, 760 Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolates were obtained, out of which 60 were identified as CZAREC. These included 34 isolates from the environment (9.14 %, n = 372), three from veterinarians (8.11 %, n = 37), and 23 from animals (6.82 %, n = 337). No CZAREC isolates were found in pet owners. The predominant sequence types of CZARECs were ST156 (n = 20), ST410 (n = 19) and ST101 (n = 7). Bayesian analysis revealed six clusters comprising 47 isolates from the hospital environment, pets, and veterinaries, displaying genetic relatedness of less than 100 core genome single nucleotide polymorphisms (cgSNPs) between any two isolates in each cluster. Some CZAREC isolates with high genetic similarity persisted in the same animal hospital for four to six months. Moreover, discriminant analysis of principal components indicated that most isolates from different hosts shared a genetic source in the human/dog/cat merged cluster. Overall, evidence of CZARECs transmission was found among pets, the environment, and veterinarians in animal hospitals. The findings emphasize the importance of monitoring CZARECs in the veterinary clinical setting to ensure the health of both pets and humans.

关键词： Ceftazidime-avibactam(CZA) Escherichia coli(E.coli) Pets Animal hospital environment Veterinarians

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