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Study on the atmospheric heat engine efficiency and heat source characteristics of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in summer

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第1期67卷 117-133页

作者： Yujie li Xiaoqing GAO Yaoming MA Zeyong HU zhenchao li liwei YANG Xiao JIN Xiyin ZHOU Key Laboratory of Land Surface Process and Climate Change in Cold and Arid Regions of Chinese Academy of Sciences Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Tianjin Key Laboratory for Oceanic Meteorology Tianjin Institute of Meteorological ScienceTianjin 300074China Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

There are many types of atmospheric heat engines in land-air systems.The accurate definition,calculation and interpretation of the efficiency of atmospheric heat engines are key to understanding energy transfer and transformation of landair systems.The atmosphere over the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP)in summer can be regarded as a positive heat engine.The study of the heat engine efficiency is helpful to better understand land-air interaction and thermal-dynamic processes on the QTP.It also provides a new perspective to explain the impact of the QTP on the climate of China,East Asia and even the world.In this paper,we used MOD08 and ERA5 reanalysis data to calculate the atmospheric heat engine efficiency,surface heat source and atmospheric heat source on the QTP in summer(May to September)from 2000 to 2020.The average atmospheric heat engine efficiency on the QTP in summer from 2000 to 2020 varies between 1.2%and 1.5%,which is less than 1.6%;the heat engine efficiency in summer is higher than that in June,July and August;the Qaidam Basin is the region with the highest atmospheric heat engine efficiency,followed by the western QTP.The mean surface heat source on the QTP in summer from 2000 to 2020 is 96.0 W m^(−2),the atmospheric heat source is 90.7 W m^(−2),and the release of precipitation condensation latent heat is the most important component of the atmospheric heat source on the QTP in summer.There is a strong and significant positive correlation between the atmospheric heat engine efficiency and the surface heat source on the QTP in summer.The precipitation condensation latent heat is the most important component of the atmospheric heat source in summer and can reflect the precipitation process.There is a strong and significant negative correlation between the atmospheric heat engine efficiency and the atmospheric heat source on the QTP in summer.

关键词： Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Climate change Land-air system Atmospheric heat engine Heat source on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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P7C3-A20 treats traumatic brain injury in rats by inhibiting excessive autophagy and apoptosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 1078-1083页

作者： Zhiqing Yang zhenchao Wang Xiaoqi Deng lingxin Zhu Zhaomeng Song Changyu Cao Xinran li School of life Science and Engineering Foshan UniversityFoshanGuangdong ProvinceChina Foshan University Veterinary Teaching Hospital FoshanGuangdong ProvinceChina

Traumatic brain injury is a severe health problem leading to autophagy and apoptosis in the brain.3,6-Dibromo-beta-fluoro-N-(3-methoxyphenyl)-9H-carbazole-9-propanamine(P7C3-A20)can be neuroprotective in various diseases,including ischemic stroke and neurodegenerative diseases.However,whether P7C3-A20 has a therapeutic effect on traumatic brain injury and its possible molecular mechanisms are unclear.Therefore,in the present study,we investigated the therapeutic effects of P7C3-A20 on traumatic brain injury and explored the putative underlying molecular mechanisms.We established a traumatic brain injury rat model using a modified weight drop method.P7C3-A20 or vehicle was injected intraperitoneally after traumatic brain injury.Severe neurological deficits were found in rats after traumatic brain injury,with deterioration in balance,walking function,and learning memory.Furthermore,hematoxylin and eosin staining showed significant neuronal cell damage,while terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick end labeling staining indicated a high rate of apoptosis.The presence of autolysosomes was observed using transmission electron microscope.P7C3-A20 treatment reversed these pathological features.Western blotting showed that P7C3-A20 treatment reduced microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3-Ⅱ(LC3-Ⅱ)autophagy protein,apoptosis-related proteins(namely,Bcl-2/adenovirus E1B 19-kDa-interacting protein 3[BNIP3],and Bcl-2 associated x protein[Bax]),and elevated ubiquitin-binding protein p62(p62)autophagy protein expression.Thus,P7C3-A20 can treat traumatic brain injury in rats by inhibiting excessive autophagy and apoptosis.

关键词： apoptosis autophagy cortex hippocampus motor function P7C3-A20 traumatic brain injury

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An overview of the policies and models of integrated development for solar and wind power generation in China

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寒旱区科学:英文版 2023年第3期15卷 122-131页

作者： liWei Yang XiaoQing Gao zhenchao li Key Laboratory of Land Surface Progress and Climate Change in Cold and Arid Regions Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China

Under the goal of “Carbon Emission Peak and Carbon Neutralization”, the integrated development between various industries and renewable energy(photovoltaic, wind power) is of great significance in China. This paper summarizes the relevant policies, integration schemes and typical cases of the integrated development between renewable energy and other industries. First, the development status of wind and solar generation in China is introduced. Second, we summarize the relevant policies issued by the National Development and Reform Commission, National Energy Administration and other departments to promote the integrated development in photovoltaic and wind power generation in China. Third, eight kinds of photovoltaic three-dimensional development models are described, including “photovoltaic + agriculture, industry, environmental protection, transportation, architecture, communication, hydrogen and ecology”. Fourth, eight kinds of wind power threedimensional development models are summarized, including “Offshore wind power + marine ranch, marine energy, marine tourism, marine oil and gas, hydrogen, communication, Energy Island” and “Onshore wind power+ courtyard”. In the future, the promotion and application of the above integrated development projects will be accelerated. This overview aims to provide reference for the design in photovoltaic and wind energy systems and help potential investors to make decisions.

关键词： Renewable energy Solar PV Wind power Policies Integrated development

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Optimized CeO_(2) Nanowires with Rich Surface Oxygen Vacancies Enable Fast li-Ion Conduction in Composite Polymer Electrolytes

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2023年第1期6卷 218-223页

作者： Lu Gao Nan Wu Nanping Deng zhenchao li Jianxin li Yong Che Bowen Cheng Weimin Kang Ruiping liu Yutao li State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes/National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes School of Textile Science and EngineeringTiangong UniversityTianjin 300387China Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute The University of Texas at AustinAustin TX 78712USA Department of Materials of Science and Engineering China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing)Beijing 100083China Enpower Energy Corp. Beijing 102600China

Low-cost and flexible solid polymer electrolytes are promising in all-solid-state li-metal batteries with high energy density and safety.However,both the low room-temperature ionic conductivities and the small li^(+)transference number of these electrolytes significantly increase the internal resistance and overpotential of the battery.Here,we introduce Gd-doped CeO_(2) nanowires with large surface area and rich surface oxygen vacancies to the polymer electrolyte to increase the interaction between Gd-doped CeO_(2) nanowires and polymer electrolytes,which promotes the li-salt dissociation and increases the concentration of mobile li ions in the composite polymer electrolytes.The optimized composite polymer electrolyte has a high li-ion conductivity of 5×10^(-4)4 S cm^(-1) at 30℃ and a large li+transference number of 0.47.Moreover,the composite polymer electrolytes have excellent compatibility with the metallic lithium anode and high-voltage liNi_(0.8)Mn _(0.1)Co_(0.1)O_(2)(NMC)cathode,providing the stable cycling of all-solid-state batteries at high current densities.

关键词： composite polymer electrolytes,Gd-doped CeO_(2)nanowires li-ion conduction oxygen vacancies surface interaction

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基于面向对象孪生神经网络的高分辨率遥感影像建筑物变化检测

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遥感学报 2024年第2期28卷 437-454页

作者：刘宣广李蒙蒙汪小钦张振超福州大学数字中国研究院(福建) 福州350108 福州大学空间数据挖掘与信息共享教育部重点实验室福州350108 信息工程大学地理空间信息学院郑州450001

建筑物变化检测在城市环境监测、土地规划管理和违章违规建筑识别等应用中具有重要作用。针对传统孪生神经网络在影像变化检测中存在的检测边界与实际边界吻合度低的问题,本文结合面向对象图像分析技术,提出一种基于面向对象孪生神经网... 详细信息

建筑物变化检测在城市环境监测、土地规划管理和违章违规建筑识别等应用中具有重要作用。针对传统孪生神经网络在影像变化检测中存在的检测边界与实际边界吻合度低的问题,本文结合面向对象图像分析技术,提出一种基于面向对象孪生神经网络(Obj-SiamNet)的高分辨率遥感影像变化检测方法,利用模糊集理论自动融合多尺度变化检测结果,并通过生成对抗网络实现训练样本迁移。该方法应用在高分二号和高分七号高分辨率卫星影像中,并与基于时空自注意力的变化检测模型(STANet)、视觉变化检测网络(ChangeNet)和孪生UNet神经网络模型(Siam-NestedUNet)进行比较。结果表明:(1)融合面向对象多尺度分割的检测结果较单一尺度分割的检测结果,召回率最高提升32%,F1指数最高提升25%,全局总体误差(GTC)最高降低7%;(2)在样本数量有限的情况下,通过生成对抗网络进行样本迁移,与未使用样本迁移前的检测结果相比,召回率最高提升16%,F1指数最高提升14%,GTC降低了9%;(3) Obj-SiamNet方法较其他变化检测方法,整体检测精度得到提升,F1指数最高提升23%,GTC最高降低9%。该方法有效提高了建筑物变化检测在几何和属性方面的精度,并能有效利用开放地理数据集,降低了模型训练样本制作成本,提升了检测效率和适用性。

关键词：遥感变化检测孪生神经网络面向对象多尺度分析模糊集融合生成对抗网络高分辨率遥感影像

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Testing and Improving the Performance of the Common Land Model:A Case Study for the Gobi Landscape

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2017年第3期31卷 625-632页

作者： Chao WANG Zhigang WEI zhenchao li Tiangui XIAO Xiaohang WEN College of Atmospheric Sciences Chengdu University of Information Technology/Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal University Key Laboratory of Land Surface Process and Climate Change in Cold and Arid Regions Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of Sciences

Land surface processes take place on the interface between the earth and atmosphere, exerting significant influ- ences on the weather and climate. Correct modeling of these processes is important to numerical weather forecast and climate prediction. In order to obtain a more thorough understanding of the land surface processes over the Gobi landscape, we evaluated the performance of the Common Land Model （CoLM） at Dunhuang station in Gansu Province of China to determine whether the model formulation, driven by observational data, is capable of simulat- ing surface fluxes over the underlying desert surface. In comparison with the enhanced observation data collected at Dunhuang station over the period 22-28 August 2008, the results showed that the surface albedo simulated by CoLM was larger than that in the observation, and the simulated surface temperature was lower than the observed. After the measured values were used to correct the surface albedo, the solar radiation absorbed by the ground surface was more consistent with the measurements. A new empirical relationship of the surface thermal exchange coefficient r~ was used to modify the thermal aerodynamic impedance. The simulated soil surface temperature became significantly closer to the observed value, and the simulated surface sensible heat as well as net radiative fluxes were also im- proved,

关键词： land surface model numerical simulation parameterization scheme

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第十三届全国美术作品展的少数民族题材绘画特点评析

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武夷学院学报 2024年第1期43卷 72-77页

作者：李振超武夷学院艺术学院福建武夷山354300

艺术家选择哪些少数民族进行创作,使用了什么样的表达策略,以及这些作品展现出来的绘画特点,是值得关注的问题。旨在分析第十三届全国美术作品展中少数民族题材绘画的特点,选取获奖作品中的三件少数民族题材作品作为研究对象,研究发现:... 详细信息

艺术家选择哪些少数民族进行创作,使用了什么样的表达策略,以及这些作品展现出来的绘画特点,是值得关注的问题。旨在分析第十三届全国美术作品展中少数民族题材绘画的特点,选取获奖作品中的三件少数民族题材作品作为研究对象,研究发现:艺术家倾向于表现少数民族的原始美感,部分艺术家关注到现代化对少数民族的影响;艺术家均以现实主义的形式来创作,但是在表象之下他们有各自的考量;艺术家对所表现的少数民族有较长时间的研究,构成了他们的研究基础。此外,艺术家对少数民族中现代化的元素持谨慎的态度,并采取了积极的表达策略。同时还发现,那些在现代化进程中原始特征逐渐异化的少数民族成为被遗弃的素材。

关键词：第十三届全国美术作品展少数民族题材绘画特征

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壳聚糖/羧甲基纤维素钠复凝聚体系处理高浊度水体中污染物研究

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安全与环境学报 2024年第3期24卷 1182-1191页

作者：谷振超张力宋翠芳陈莉荣内蒙古科技大学能源与环境学院内蒙古包头014010

混凝工艺因成本低廉、操作简单而成为地表水处理的常见工艺,但现有混凝剂存在对地表水中溶解性有机物去除率较低的问题。针对我国地表水体普遍存在的有机微污染问题,设计一种通过壳聚糖/羧甲基纤维素钠于水中原位生成的复凝聚絮体以代... 详细信息

混凝工艺因成本低廉、操作简单而成为地表水处理的常见工艺,但现有混凝剂存在对地表水中溶解性有机物去除率较低的问题。针对我国地表水体普遍存在的有机微污染问题,设计一种通过壳聚糖/羧甲基纤维素钠于水中原位生成的复凝聚絮体以代替传统混凝剂并去除污染物的新工艺,进而将复凝聚技术原位生成网状絮体应用于水污染处理中。选取高岭土和盐酸四环素分别模拟黄河水中的无机胶体和有机微污染物,探究初始浊度、壳聚糖/羧甲基纤维素钠投加质量浓度对两类污染物的去除效率和机理,并进一步对混凝后产生污泥的吸附性能进行研究。结果显示,壳聚糖/羧甲基纤维素钠对不同模拟污染水的浊度去除率都在99%以上,对盐酸四环素-高岭土和黄河水-盐酸四环素中盐酸四环素的最佳去除率分别为40.02%和56.72%,效果明显优于聚合氯化铝(Polyaluminium chloride,PAC)。壳聚糖/羧甲基纤维素钠和高岭土共沉淀产生的污泥能够对水中盐酸四环素进行化学吸附,最高吸附质量比达4.81 mg/g。壳聚糖/羧甲基纤维素钠复凝聚体系对地表水中的无机污染物和有机污染物均有较好的去除效果,且所得污泥具有回用价值,具有良好的应用前景。

关键词：环境工程学混凝壳聚糖羧甲基纤维素钠复凝聚吸附

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Comparative study of surface energy and land-surface parameters in different climate zones in Northwest China

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2019年第4期11卷 283-294页

作者： JiaXi Yang zhenchao li Ye Yu ZhiYuan Zheng XuHong Hou XiaoQing Gao 无 Key Laboratory of Land Surface Process and Climate Change in Cold and Arid Regions Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouGansu 730000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100875China Center for Monsoon and Environment Research Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster StudiesSchool of Atmospheric SciencesSun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510000China Pingliang Land Surface Process and Severe Weather Research Station Chinese Academy of SciencesPingliangGansu 730000China

Based on observational data of arid,semi-arid and semi-humid areas in Northwest China,the characteristics of surface-wa ter heat transfer and land-surface parameters were compared and analyzed.The results show that the annual mean net radi ation was largest in the semi-humid area,followed by the semi-arid area,and then the arid area:77.72 W/m^2,67.73 W/m^2,and 55.47 W/m^2,respectively.The annual mean sensible heat flux was largest in the arid area,followed by the semi-arid and semi-humid areas,while latent heat flux showed the reverse.The annual mean sensible heat flux in arid,semi-arid,and semi-humid areas was 85.7 W/m^2,37.59 W/m^2,and 27.55 W/m^2,respectively.The annual mean latent heat flux was 0 W/m^2,26.08 W/m^2,and 51.19 W/m2,respectively.The annual mean soil-heat flux at the 5-cm soil layer in arid,semi-arid,and semi-humid areas was 1.00 W/m^2,0.82 W/m^2,and 1.25 W/m^2,respectively.The annual mean surface albedo was larg est in the arid area,followed by the semi-humid area;and the smallest was in the semi-arid area:0.24,0.21,and 0.18,re spectively.The annual mean Bowen ratio in the semi-arid area was about 2.06,and that in semi-humid area was about 0.03.The annual mean soil thermal conductivity in the arid,semi-arid,and semi-humid areas was 0.26 W/(m k),1.15 W/(m k),and 1.20 W/(m k),respectively.

关键词： surface energy land-surface parameters different climate zones Northwest China

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余热余压空气梯级利用的双涡流管有机朗肯循环综合性能分析与优化

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中国电机工程学报 2024年第8期44卷 3177-3188,I0020页

作者：杨新乐闫振超卜淑娟李惟慷于宁戴文智王新辽宁工程技术大学机械工程学院辽宁省阜新市123000

为充分利用工业生产中的余热余压空气能量,同时降低ORC系统冷凝热损失,该文提出一种双涡流管ORC系统(ORC coupled with double vortex tubes,DVT-ORC)。利用热源涡流管将放热后的余热余压空气分离成冷、热空气,冷空气用于工质冷却,热空... 详细信息

为充分利用工业生产中的余热余压空气能量,同时降低ORC系统冷凝热损失,该文提出一种双涡流管ORC系统(ORC coupled with double vortex tubes,DVT-ORC)。利用热源涡流管将放热后的余热余压空气分离成冷、热空气,冷空气用于工质冷却,热空气作为二级蒸发器的热源且换热后其余压用于驱动气动增压泵;利用工质涡流管将透平乏气分离成冷、热气流,热气流经气动增压泵升压再循环,冷气流进入空气冷却器冷却。以150℃、0.6 MPa的空气为初始热源,R245fa为工质,建立热力与经济的多目标优化模型,分析双涡流管冷流比和透平排气压力对系统综合性能的影响;采用遗传算法进行优化,确定系统最优工况。结果表明:当热源涡流管冷流比大于0.3时,DVT-ORC输出功大于基本ORC输出功,工质涡流管与空气冷却器的㶲损失之和较基本ORC系统冷凝器的㶲损失最大可减小1240.32 kW,单位电力生产成本较低,DVT-ORC系统热力性与经济性提升。系统最佳运行工况在透平排气压力为0.3007 MPa、工质涡流管冷流比为0.8738、热源涡流管冷流比为0.8942时,对应的净输出功为173.94 kW、热效率为13.57%、单位电力生产成本为0.415元/(kW·h)。

关键词：余热余压空气能量梯级利用涡流管有机朗肯循环综合性能多目标优化

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