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Wafer‑Scale Ag_(2)S‑Based Memristive Crossbar Arrays with Ultra‑Low Switching‑Energies Reaching Biological Synapses

Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 328-339页

作者： Yuan zhu Tomas Nyberg Leif Nyholm Daniel Primetzhofer Xun Shi zhen Zhang Division of Solid‑State Electronics Department of Electrical EngineeringUppsala University75121 UppsalaSweden Department of Chemistry Uppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden Department of Physics and Astronomy Uppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050People’s Republic of China

Memristive crossbar arrays(MCAs)offer parallel data storage and processing for energy-efficient neuromorphic ***,most wafer-scale MCAs that are compatible with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor(CMOS)technology still suffer from substantially larger energy consumption than biological synapses,due to the slow kinetics of forming conductive paths inside the memristive *** we report wafer-scale Ag_(2)S-based MCAs realized using CMOS-compatible processes at temperatures below 160℃.Ag_(2)S electrolytes supply highly mobile Ag+ions,and provide the Ag/Ag_(2)S interface with low silver nucleation barrier to form silver filaments at low energy *** further enhancing Ag+migration in Ag_(2)S electrolytes via microstructure modulation,the integrated memristors exhibit a record low threshold of approximately−0.1 V,and demonstrate ultra-low switching-energies reaching femtojoule values as observed in biological *** low-temperature process also enables MCA integration on polyimide substrates for applications in flexible ***,the intrinsic nonidealities of the memristive units for deep learning can be compensated by employing an advanced training *** impressive accuracy of 92.6%in image recognition simulations is demonstrated with the MCAs after the *** demonstrated MCAs provide a promising device option for neuromorphic computing with ultra-high energy-efficiency.

关键词： Wafer-scale Ag_(2)S films Reactive sputter Silver nucleation Ag^(+)migration Energy-efficient neuromorphic computing

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Liver as a new target organ in Alzheimer's disease:insight from cholesterol metabolism and its role in amyloid-beta clearance

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 695-714页

作者： Beibei Wu Yuqing Liu Hongli Li Lemei zhu Lingfeng Zeng zhen Zhang Weijun Peng Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese&Western Medicine The Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina Academician Workstation Changsha Medical UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina Yangsheng College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese MedicineGuiyangGuizhou ProvinceChina Qinhuangdao Shanhaiguan Pharmaceutical Co. LtdQinhuangdaoHebei ProvinceChina National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorder The Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina

Alzheimer's disease,the primary cause of dementia,is characterized by neuropathologies,such as amyloid plaques,synaptic and neuronal degeneration,and neurofibrillary *** amyloid plaques are the primary characteristic of Alzheimer's disease in the central nervous system and peripheral organs,targeting amyloid-beta clearance in the central nervous system has shown limited clinical efficacy in Alzheimer's disease *** abnormalities are commonly observed in patients with Alzheimer's *** liver is the primary peripheral organ involved in amyloid-beta metabolism,playing a crucial role in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's ***,impaired cholesterol metabolism in the liver may exacerbate the development of Alzheimer's *** this review,we explore the underlying causes of Alzheimer's disease and elucidate the role of the liver in amyloid-beta clearance and cholesterol ***,we propose that restoring normal cholesterol metabolism in the liver could represent a promising therapeutic strategy for addressing Alzheimer's disease.

关键词： ABCA1 Alzheimer's disease amyloid-beta apolipoprotein E cholesterol metabolism liver liver X receptor low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 peripheral clearance tauroursodeoxycholic acid

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Characteristic changes in astrocyte properties during astrocyte-to-neuron conversion induced by NeuroD1/Ascl1/Dlx2

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1801-1815页

作者： Qing He zhen Wang Yuchen Wang Mengjie zhu Zhile Liang Kanghong Zhang Yuge Xu Gong Chen GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration Jinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

Direct in vivo conversion of astrocytes into functional new neurons induced by neural transcription factors has been recognized as a potential new therapeutic intervention for neural injury and degenerative disorders. However, a few recent studies have claimed that neural transcription factors cannot convert astrocytes into neurons, attributing the converted neurons to pre-existing neurons mis-expressing transgenes. In this study, we overexpressed three distinct neural transcription factors––NeuroD1, Ascl1, and Dlx2––in reactive astrocytes in mouse cortices subjected to stab injury, resulting in a series of significant changes in astrocyte properties. Initially, the three neural transcription factors were exclusively expressed in the nuclei of astrocytes. Over time, however, these astrocytes gradually adopted neuronal morphology, and the neural transcription factors was gradually observed in the nuclei of neuron-like cells instead of astrocytes. Furthermore,we noted that transcription factor-infected astrocytes showed a progressive decrease in the expression of astrocytic markers AQP4(astrocyte endfeet signal), CX43(gap junction signal), and S100β. Importantly, none of these changes could be attributed to transgene leakage into preexisting neurons. Therefore, our findings suggest that neural transcription factors such as NeuroD1, Ascl1, and Dlx2 can effectively convert reactive astrocytes into neurons in the adult mammalian brain.

关键词： aquaporin-4 Ascl1 astrocyte cortex Dlx2 gap junction glia-to-neuron conversion neural regeneration NeuroD1 reprogramming

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FDNet: Fourier transform guided dual-channel underwater image enhancement diffusion network

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Science China Technological Sciences 2025年第1期 62-78页

作者： zhen zhu Xiaobo LI Qianwen MA Jingsheng ZHai Haofeng HU School of Marine Science and Technology Tianjin University College of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Fuzhou University

Due to the scattering and absorption of light, underwater imaging yields suboptimal results characterized by low brightness, diminished image contrast, and the loss of details. Current learning-based underwater image enhancement(UIE)methods mainly focus on addressing these issues in the spatial domain, with limited attention to the Fourier frequency *** propose the Fourier transform guided dual-channel underwater image enhancement diffusion network(FDNet), aiming to fully leverage frequency domain information and the characteristics of a diffusion-based generation model. The amplitude-phase dualchannel not only effectively provides feedback on the energy distribution of the image but also incorporates crucial image structure and texture information. Capitalizing on these advantages, we first introduce a Fourier transform-based amplitude-phase dualchannel enhancement front-end network for UIE. This network significantly improves the quality of the network's image input,including brightness and contrast, by incorporating phase congruency edge enhancement and prior-driven amplitude mapping strategies. The preceding network mitigates the overall training challenges caused by poor input image quality. Simultaneously,the application of denoising networks based on lightweight transformers effectively improves the computational time required for each iteration during model training. The results indicate that FDNet outperforms many current learning-based UIE algorithms in restoring images across multiple real underwater image datasets, demonstrating more robust generalization capabilities in degraded underwater scenarios. The competitive performance advantage achieved in enhancing visual quality underscores the effectiveness of our method.

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危险预知训练模式结合密室逃脱教学在儿科急诊护士培训中的应用

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卫生职业教育 2025年第1期43卷 143-145页

作者：王珍朱杉华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院湖北武汉430030

目的探讨在儿科急诊护士培训中,危险预知训练模式结合密室逃脱教学的实践效果。方法选取湖北省武汉市某三甲医院2023年1—12月儿科急诊护士46人作为研究对象,随机分为对照组与研究组,分别实施常规培训模式、危险预知训练模式结合密室逃... 详细信息

目的探讨在儿科急诊护士培训中,危险预知训练模式结合密室逃脱教学的实践效果。方法选取湖北省武汉市某三甲医院2023年1—12月儿科急诊护士46人作为研究对象,随机分为对照组与研究组,分别实施常规培训模式、危险预知训练模式结合密室逃脱教学模式,对比两组考核成绩、应急能力、评判性思维能力与风险识别能力。结果研究组理论和急救技能考核成绩及应急能力、评判性思维能力、护理风险识别能力均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论危险预知训练模式结合密室逃脱教学应用于儿科急诊护士培训中效果较好,能有效提升护士的理论和急救技能水平及综合能力,值得推广。

关键词：危险预知训练模式密室逃脱教学模式儿科急诊护士

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Surface embedded binary Co-Cu hydroxy phosphate over surface of oxy/hydroxides for efficient nitrate reduction to ammonia

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Nano Research 2025年第1期18卷 195-207页

作者： Chun zhu Yifei Yang Yike Jing zhen Zeng Xuesong Yi Wei Sun Fei Yang Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province School of Environmental Science and EngineeringHainan UniversityHaikou 570228China

Electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction(NO3RR)to ammonia is a promising approach to address excess Ncontamination in aqueous environment but suffers from a limited ammonia yield and selectivity due to the low concentration and sluggish *** work reports a three-dimensional porous electrode with binary Co_(2)Cu_(1)hydroxy phosphate embedded into the surface of Ni_(3)Co_(1)oxy/hydroxides(CoCu-PH@NiCo/Ni,“PH”means phosphate-hydroxide),which delivers a yield of 4.13 mg·h^(-1)·cm^(-2)with a high Faraday efficiency of 92.6%under a low nitrate concentration of 40 mM and provide an impressive *** embedded structure of the as-prepared catalyst exhibits unique metal coordination ligands and valence states different from the unitary *** electrochemical in situ infrared spectra and theoretical calculations revealed that the Co sites with the ability to dissociate water molecular to form adsorbed OH*can effectively provide the required protons for the deoxygenation and hydrogenation steps during NO3-conversion,thereby,effectively reducing the energy barrier of the key transition states in the NO3RR process to improve the intrinsic *** demonstrate that the rational design of binary components with the appropriate ability to activate water molecules as well as the threedimensional porous skeletal structure are expected to promote effectively the low-concentration nitrates conversion to ammonia.

关键词： nitrate reduction hydroxy phosphate surface embedded water dissociation active hydroxy adsorbed

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Effects of relaxation time on start-up time for starting flow of Maxwell fluid in a pipe

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2010年第2期26卷 209-215页

作者： zhen Li Keqin zhu Department of Engineering Mechanics Tsinghua University 100084 Beijing China

Although the analytical solution of the starting flow of Maxwell fluid in a pipe has been derived for a long time, the effect of relaxation time λ on start-up time ts of this flow is still not well understood. Especially, there exist a series of jumps on the ts-λ. curve. In this paper we introduce a normalized mechanical energy by mode decomposition and mathematical analogy to describe the start-up process. An improved definition of start-up time is presented based on the normalized mechanical energy. It is proved that the ts-λ. curve contains a series of jumps if λ is larger than a critical value. The exact positions of the jumps are determined and the physical reason of the jumps is discussed.

关键词： Maxwell fluid Starting flow·Relaxation time·Start-up time·Mechanical energy

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Rapid growth of ZnO hexagonal tubes by direct microwave heating

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2010年第1期17卷 80-85页

作者： zhen-qi zhu Jian Zhou School of Materials Science and Technology Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 China

Zinc oxide hexagonal tubular crystals were synthesized by direct microwave heating from ZnO powders within 5 min without any metal catalysts or transport agents. ZnO source materials were evaporated from the high-temperature zone in an enclosure, and crystals were grown on the self-source substrate in an appropriate condition. The ZnO vapor formed in the high-temperature zone can deposit and grow on the powders located in the low-temperature zone to form crystals. The scanning electron microscopy （SEM） reveals that these products are hexagonal tube crystals with 80 ~rn in diameter and 250 μm in length, having a well faceted end and side surface. A possible growth mechanism and the influence of reaction temperature on the formation of crystalline ZnO hexagonal tubes were presented. The photoluminescence （PL） exhibits strong ultraviolet emission at room temperature, indicating the potential applications in short-wave light-emitting photonic devices.

关键词： ZnO crystal microwave heating vapor growth photoluminescence (PL)

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Epitaxial Growth of High-Quality Silicon Films on Double-Layer Porous Silicon

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Chinese Physics Letters 2001年第11期18卷 1507-1509页

作者： HUANG Yi-Ping zhu Shi-Yang LI ai-zhen WANG Jin HUANG Jing-Yun YE Zhi-zhen Department of Microelectronics ASIC&System State Key LaboratoryFudan UniversityShanghai 200433 State Key Laboratory of Silicon Material Science Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027

The epitaxial growth of a high-quality silicon layer on double-layer porous silicon by ultra-high vacuum/chemical vapour deposition has been reported. The two-step anodization process results in a double-layer porous silicon structure with a different porosity. This double-layer porous silicon structure and an extended low-temperature annealing in a vacuum system was found to be helpful in subsequent silicon epitaxial growth. X-ray diffraction,cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy and spreading resistance testing were used in this work to study the properties of epitaxial silicon layers grown on the double-layer porous silicon. The results show that the epitaxial silicon layer is of good crystallinity and the same orientation with the silicon substrate and the porous silicon layer.

关键词： porous double vacuum

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Endogenous nitric oxide mediates alleviation of cadmium toxicity induced by calcium in rice seedlings

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第5期24卷 940-948页

作者： Long Zhang zhen Chen Cheng zhu State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China College of Life Sciences China Jiliang UniversityHangzhou 310018China School of Life Sciences Taizhou UniversityTaizhou 317000China

The effect of calcium chloride （CaCl2） on rice seedling growth under cadmium chloride （CdCl2） stress, as well as the possible role of endogenous nitric oxide （NO） in this process, was studied. The growth of rice seedlings was seriously inhibited by CdCl2, and the inhibition was significantly mitigated by CaCl2. However, hemoglobin （Hb） and 2-（4-carboxyphenyl）-4, 4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline- l-oxyl-3-oxide （cPTIO） weakened the promotion effect of CaCl2. The results of NO fluorescence localization suggest that growth accelerated by CaCl2 might be associated with elevated NO levels. The content of Cd, protein thiols （PBT）, and nonprotein thiols （NPT） in cell walls, cell organelles, and soluble fractions, respectively, of rice seedlings decreased considerably in the presence of CaCl2, whereas the content of pectin, hemicellulose 1 （HC1）, and hemicellulose 2 （HC2） increased significantly. Elimination of endogenous NO in Cd＋Ca treatment could promote the transportation of Cd2＋ to cell organelles and soluble fractions and increase the content of NPT and PBT in leaves. In addition, transportation of Cd2＋ to cell organelles and soluble fractions was retarded in roots, the content of NPT increased, and the content of PBT decreased. With elimination of endogenous NO in Cd＋Ca treatment, the content of pectin, HC1, and HC2 decreased significantly. Thus, Ca may alleviate Cd toxicity via endogenous NO with variation in the levels of NPT, PBT, and matrix polysaccharides.

关键词： nitric oxide cadmium calcium nonprotein thiols protein thiols matrix polysaccharides

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