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Dynamic Pricing with Stochastic Reference Price Effect

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Journal of the Operations Research Society of China 2019年第1期7卷 107-125页

作者： Xin Chen zhen-yu hu yu-Han Zhang Department of Industrial Enterprise and Systems Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA NUS Business School National University of SingaporeSingapore 119245Singapore Two Sigma Investments New YorkNY 10036USA

We study a dynamic pricing problem of a firm facing stochastic reference price *** is incorporated in the formation of reference prices to capture either consumers’heterogeneity or exogenous factors that affect consumers’memory *** apply the stochastic optimal control theory to the problem and derive an explicit expression for the optimal pricing *** explicit expression allows us to obtain the distribution of the steady-state reference *** compare the expected steadystate reference price to the steady-state reference price in a model with deterministic reference price effect,and we find that the former one is always *** numerical study shows that the two steady-state reference prices can have opposite sensitivity to the problem parameters and the relative difference between the two can be very significant.

关键词： Reference price effect Dynamic pricing Stochastic optimal control

Molecular crowding electrolytes for stabilizing Zn metal anode in rechargeable aqueous batteries

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第7期35卷 445-451页

作者： Li Lin Song-Lin Tian zhen-yu hu yu Zhang Li-Min Chang Jia-Jun Wang Wan-Qiang Liu Qing-Shuang Wang Fang Wang School of Materials Science and Engineering Changchun University of Science and TechnologyChangchun 130022China School of Life Science and Technology Changchun University of Science and TechnologyChangchun 130022China Key Laboratory of Preparation and Applications of Environmental Friendly Materials of the Ministry of Education Jilin Normal UniversityChangchun 130103China Zhongshan Institute of Changchun University of Science and Technology Zhongshan 528437China

A solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)with a robust mechanical property and a high ionic conductivity is imperative for high-performance zinc metal ***,it is difficult to form such a SEI directly from an *** this work,a molecular crowding effect is based on the introduction of Zn(OTF)_(2)and Zn(ClO_(4))_(2)to 2 mol/L ZnSO_(4)*** and experiments indicate that the Zn(OTF)_(2)and Zn(ClO_(4))_(2)not only create a molecularly crowded electrolyte environment to promote the interaction of Zn^(2+)and OTF^(-),but also participate in the reduction to construct a robust and high ionic-conductive SEI,thus promoting metal zinc deposition to the(002)crystal *** this molecular crowding electrolyte,a high current density of 1 mA/cm^(2)can be obtained by assembling symmetric batteries with Zn as the anode for over 1000 *** in a temperature environment of-10℃,a current density of 1 mA/cm^(2)can be obtained by assembling symmetric batteries with Zn for over 200 ***//Bi_(2)S_(3)/VS4@C cells achieve a CE rate of up to 99.81%over 1000 ***,the utilization of a molecular crowding electrolyte is deemed a highly effective approach to fabricating a sophisticated SEI for a zinc anode.

关键词： Zinc ion batteries Anode Electrolyte Solid electrolyte interphase Molecular crowding effect

Estrogen influences the differentiation, maturation and function of dendritic cells in rats with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2004年第4期25卷 110-115页

作者： Qing-hong ZHANG2, yu-zhen hu, Jun CAO3, Yan-qing ZHONG,yu-feng ZHAO, Qi-bing MEI4 Department of Physiology, Department ofOrthodontics, 3 4Department of Pharmacology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China Department of Physiology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an 710032 China

AIM: To examine if estrogen can affect the immune response at the dendritic cells (DCs) level in rats with experi- mental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). METHODS: Lewis rats were immunized with inoculum containing MBP68-86. DCs were derived from spleen monocytes of EAE rats with IL-4 and GM-CSF in presence of 17β- estradiol (E2). Nitric oxide (NO) was detected by Griess reagent. The surface markers and cytokines production of DCs were shown by flow cytometry. DCs were cocultured with MBP-specific T cells, [3H]-TdR incoportation was used to reveal the antigen presentability, the supernatant of the coculture were collected to examine the cytokines secretion by ELISA. RESULTS: E2 activated DCs by accelerating the maturation process characterized by upregulation of MHC II and costimulating molecule B7-1, B7-2, drastic high expression of CD40. IFN-γ–produc- ing DCs were also elevated without any alteration of IL-10. Estradiol-treated DCs (E2-DCs) secreted more NO in the culture supernatant. By contrast, E2-DCs showed decreased antigen presentation ability with reduced secretion of IFN-γ but no alteration of IL-10 in the coculture with T cells. CONCLUSION: Estrogen can affect the differentiation, maturation and function of DCs from EAE rats, which may be attributed to its protection against EAE and the remission of multiple sclerosis patients in pregnancy.

关键词： multiple sclerosis experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis dendritic cells estrogens nitric oxide

Disruption of estrogen receptor beta in mice brain results in pathological alterations resembling Alzheimer disease

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2004年第4期25卷 54-59页

作者： Qing-hong ZHANG2, Yan-hong huANG3, yu-zhen hu, Geng-ze WEI,Xue-feng HAN, Shun-yan LU, yu-feng ZHAO 2Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Departmentof Gynaecology and obstetrics, 3 Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military MedicalUniversity, Xi-an 710032, Shaanxi, China Department of Physiology Institute of Basic Medical Science Department of Gynaecology and obstetrics Xijing Hospital The Fourth Military Medical University

AIM: To study the pathological characteristics of the mice with estrogen receptor β (ERβ) disruption in brain. METHODS: Immunohistochemistry method was applied in the study. RESULTS: β-Amyloid peptide(Aβ42) and apolipoprotein E (ApoE) immunoreactive substances were accumulated notably in cortex and limbic structures such as the hippocampus and amygdala in brain, resembling the pathological changes of human Alzheimer disease (AD). Aβ formed cloudy-like deposits in parenchyma of brain, while apoE also deposited along or surrounding the blood vessels. CONCLUSIONS: ERβ is crucial to the development of neural degenerative disease, so modulation of Aβ metabolism via ERβ signal pathway might be beneficial for AD prevention or therapy.

关键词： beta-amyloid peptide apolipoprotein E estrogen receptor beta Alzheimer disease

Dynamic Regulation of Hydrogen Bonding Networks and Solvation Structures for Synergistic Solar‑Thermal Desalination of Seawater and Catalytic Degradation of Organic Pollutants

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 548-565页

作者： Ming‑yuan yu Jing Wu Guang Yin Fan‑zhen Jiao Zhong‑zhen yu Jin Qu Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Composites Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Organic‑Inorganic Composites College of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029People’s Republic of China

Although solar steam generation strategy is efficient in desalinating seawater,it is still challenging to achieve continuous solar-thermal desalination of seawater and catalytic degradation of organic ***,dynamic regulations of hydrogen bonding networks and solvation structures are realized by designing an asymmetric bilayer membrane consisting of a bacterial cellulose/carbon nanotube/Co_(2)(OH)_(2)CO_(3)nanorod top layer and a bacterial cellulose/Co_(2)(OH)_(2)CO_(3)nanorod(BCH)bottom ***,the hydrogen bonding networks inside the membrane can be tuned by the rich surface–OH groups of the bacterial cellulose and Co_(2)(OH)_(2)CO_(3)as well as the ions and radicals in situ generated during the catalysis ***,both SO_(4)^(2−)and HSO_(5)−can regulate the solvation structure of Na^(+)and be adsorbed more preferentially on the evaporation surface than Cl^(−),thus hindering the de-solvation of the solvated Na^(+)and subsequent nucleation/growth of ***,the heat generated by the solar-thermal energy conversion can accelerate the reaction kinetics and enhance the catalytic degradation *** work provides a flow-bed water purification system with an asymmetric solar-thermal and catalytic membrane for synergistic solar thermal desalination of seawater/brine and catalytic degradation of organic pollutants.

关键词： Solar steam generation Seawater desalination Catalytic degradation Bacterial cellulose Cobalt hydroxycarbonate nanorods

Down-regulation of C-type natriuretic peptide receptor by vasonatrin peptide in cardiac myocytes and fibroblasts

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2004年第4期25卷 26-32页

作者： Shun-yan Lü, Miao-zhang Zhu2, Dian-shi WANG3, Jun yu, Hai-tao GUO, yu-zhen hu, Qi-ming WEI4 Department of Physiology, Departmentof Anatomy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi-an 710032, China 4Cardiorenal 3 Molecular Laboratory, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore21201, USA Department of Physiology Fourth Military Medical University Xi-an 710032 China

AIM: To investigate the regulatory effects of vasonatrin peptide (VNP) on the expression of C-type natriuretic peptide receptor (NPR-C) in cultured neonatal rat cardiac myocytes and fibroblasts. METHODS: Quantitative RT- PCR was undertaken to evaluate the levels of NPR-C mRNA and radioimmunoassay was used to determine the formation of intracellular cGMP. RESULTS: Twenty-four hours hypoxic exposure increased the level of NPR-C mRNA in cardiomyocytes, while did not alter the expression of NPR-C in cardiac fibroblasts. VNP (1×10-8-1×10-6 mol/L) reduced the levels of NPR-C mRNA in cardiac myocytes induced by hypoxia in a concentration-dependent manner, and with high concentration (1×10-6mol/L) also decreased the expression of NPR-C in cardiac fibroblasts and air-control cardiac myocytes. The inhibitory effects of VNP on the expression of NPR-C was mimicked by 8- bromo-cGMP 1×10-6 mol/L (a membrane permeable analog of cGMP). VNP (1×10-8-1×10-6mol/L) increased the formation of intracellular guanosine-3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) in both cardiac myocytes and fibroblasts. HS-142-1, the particulate guanylyl cyclase-coupled receptor antagonist, partially abrogated the above effects of VNP. CONCLUSION: Hypoxic exposure for 24 h up-regulated the expression of NPR-C in cultured neonatal rat cardiac myocytes. VNP decreased the expression of NPR-C in cardiac myocytes and fibroblasts under both air- control and hypoxic condition, which was at least partially mediated by guanylate cyclase linked natriuretic peptide receptors through increasing the intracellular cGMP.

关键词： C-type natriuretic peptide myocardium fibroblasts hypoxia

C-X-C chemokine receptor type 5+CD8+T cells as immune regulators in hepatitis Be antigen-positive chronic hepatitis B under interferonalpha treatment

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第3期31卷 73-83页

作者： zhen-yu Xu Zhong-Shang Dai Guo-Zhong Gong Min Zhang Department of Infectious Diseases Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha 410011Hunan ProvinceChina Institute of Hepatology and Department of Infectious Diseases The Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha 410011Hunan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND C-X-C chemokine receptor type 5(CXCR5)+CD8+T cells represent a unique immune subset with dual roles,functioning as cytotoxic cells in persistent viral infections while promoting B cell *** their importance,the specific role of CXCR5+CD8+T cells in chronic hepatitis B(CHB),particularly during interferon-alpha(IFN-α)treatment,is not fully *** study aims to elucidate the relationship between CXCR5+CD8+T cells and sustained serologic response(SR)in patients undergoing 48 weeks of pegylated IFN-α(peg-IFN-α)treatment for *** To elucidate the relationship between CXCR5+CD8+T cells and sustained SR in patients undergoing 48 weeks of peg-IFN-αtreatment for *** This study enrolled 60 patients with hepatitis Be antigen(HBeAg)-positive CHB undergoing 48 weeks of peg-IFN-α*** were assessed for eligibility based on criteria such as persistent HBsAg-positive status for at least six months,HBeAb-negative,hepatitis B virus DNA levels exceeding 2×104 copies/mL,and alanine aminotransferase(ALT)levels between 2 and 10 times the upper limit of *** samples were collected at baseline and at weeks 12,24,48,and a 24-week treatment-free follow-up(week 72)to measure serum interleukin(IL)-21 concentration via ELISA and to analyze CXCR5 and programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1)expression on CD8+T cells by flow cytometry,CXCR5 is a chemokine receptor that directs immune cells to specific tissues,while PD-L1 is a protein that regulates immune responses by inhibiting T cell *** Patients with CHB exhibited significantly lower levels of circulating CXCR5+CD8+T cells compared to healthy controls(P<0.01).Notably,CXCR5+CD8+T cells were prominently expressed in patients who achieved sustained SR compared to non-SR(NSR).A significant correlation was observed between CXCR5 and PD-L1 expression(r=-0.189,P=0.002).However,there was no significant correlation between serum IL-21 levels and CXCR5+CD8+lymphocytes(r=-0.03,P=0.62

关键词： C-X-C chemokine receptor type 5 Programmed death-ligand 1 Interleukin-21 Pegylated interferon-alpha Chronic hepatitis B

基于系统药理学研究远志治疗阿尔茨海默病的作用机制

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药学学报 2017年第10期52卷 1554-1560页

作者：王昊赵振宇沈霞胡本祥陈莹陕西中医药大学药学院陕西咸阳712046

为了揭示远志治疗阿尔茨海默病的潜在活性成分群及其分子网络作用机制,本文收集了已报道的远志111个化学成分,经过口服吸收利用度、类药性和血脑屏障通透性筛选,得到远志中10个活性分子,其中口山酮类化合物3个、皂苷类化合物1个、寡糖... 详细信息

为了揭示远志治疗阿尔茨海默病的潜在活性成分群及其分子网络作用机制,本文收集了已报道的远志111个化学成分,经过口服吸收利用度、类药性和血脑屏障通透性筛选,得到远志中10个活性分子,其中口山酮类化合物3个、皂苷类化合物1个、寡糖酯类化合物3个和其他类3个。继而运用反向药效团匹配的方法进行靶点预测,经验证得到与阿尔茨海默病相关靶点13个,其中核心靶点2个,即beta-secretase 1和glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta;利用KEGG数据库与GO富集分析进一步挖掘远志防治阿尔茨海默病的分子网络机制,得到映射代谢调控通路3条,主要通路为细胞凋亡通路。本文应用系统药理学的方法发现远志中的多种活性成分通过与多个靶点的相互作用,多通路调控Aβ的生成与细胞的凋亡,进而起到治疗阿尔茨海默病的作用,为远志治疗阿尔茨海默病的临床使用提供一定的科学依据。

关键词：远志系统药理学阿尔茨海默病分子机制虚拟筛选

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汽车驾驶安全隐患及预防对策

黑龙江科学 2019年第22期10卷 140-141页

作者：于振虎河南省白龟山水库管理局

汽车驾驶过程中存在的安全隐患表现在驾驶前未进行安全检查,驾驶速度不均匀,车距控制不当,不规范驾驶,不及时检查雨刮器等方面。驾驶员行车前未对轮胎、表盘、行车灯等进行安全检查,存在酒驾、疲劳驾驶等情况,新手司机容易出现紧张心理... 详细信息

汽车驾驶过程中存在的安全隐患表现在驾驶前未进行安全检查,驾驶速度不均匀,车距控制不当,不规范驾驶,不及时检查雨刮器等方面。驾驶员行车前未对轮胎、表盘、行车灯等进行安全检查,存在酒驾、疲劳驾驶等情况,新手司机容易出现紧张心理和急躁情绪,开车时出现时慢时快的问题,未保持好车辆间距离,不按规定系安全带,不遵守交通规则,雨刮器存水量不足,造成驾驶员视线模糊,这些问题都威胁着驾驶安全。针对汽车驾驶中的安全隐患问题,提出加强安全驾驶意识宣传、完善交通设施、提高交通部门管理质量等预防对策,进而规范驾驶员行为,提高驾驶员安全意识,为驾驶员提供安全的交通驾驶环境,减少交通事故发生率。

关键词：汽车驾驶安全隐患预防对策