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Change trend of natural gas hydrates in permafrost on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(1960-2050)under the background of global warming and their impacts on carbon emissions

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China Geology 2022年第3期5卷 475-509页

作者： Zhen-quan Lu Chu-guo Wu Neng-you Wu Hai-long lu Ting Wang Rui Xiao Hui Liu Xin-he Wu Oil and Gas Survey China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100083China Information Center Ministry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100036China Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology China Geological SurveyQingdao 266237China School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Global warming and the response to it have become a topic of concern in today’s society and are also a research focus in the global scientific community.As the world’s third pole,the global warming amplifier,and the starting region of China’s climate change,the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is extremely sensitive to climate change.The permafrost on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is rich in natural gas hydrates(NGHs)resources.Under the background of global warming,whether the NGHs will be disassociated and enter the atmosphere as the air temperature rises has become a major concern of both the public and the scientific community.Given this,this study reviewed the trend of global warming and accordingly summarized the characteristics of the temperature increase in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Based on this as well as the distribution characteristics of the NGHs in the permafrost on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,this study investigated the changes in the response of the NGHs to global warming,aiming to clarify the impacts of global warming on the NGHs in the permafrost of the plateau.A noticeable response to global warming has been observed in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Over the past decades,the increase in the mean annual air temperature of the plateau was increasingly high and more recently.Specifically,the mean annual air temperature of the plateau changed at a rate of approximately 0.308-0.420℃/10a and increased by approximately 1.54-2.10℃in the past decades.Moreover,the annual mean ground temperature of the shallow permafrost on the plateau increased by approximately 1.155-1.575℃and the permafrost area decreased by approximately 0.34×10^(6)km^(2) from about 1.4×10^(6)km^(2) to 1.06×10^(6)km^(2) in the past decades.As indicated by simulated calculation results,the thickness of the NGH-bearing permafrost on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has decreased by 29-39 m in the past 50 years,with the equivalent of(1.69-2.27)×10^(10)-(1.12-1.51)×10^(12)m^(3) of methane(CH_(4))being released due to NGHs dissociation.It is predicted that the thicknes

关键词： Climate change Global warming Permafrost Gas hydrate Greenhouse effect Carbon emission Peak carbon dioxide emissions Carbon neutrality Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Environment geological survey engineering China

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Natural gas hydrates in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau: Characteristics, formation, and evolution

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China Geology 2021年第1期4卷 17-31页

作者： You-hai Zhu Shou-ji Pang Rui Xiao Shuai Zhang Zhen-quan Lu Oil and Gas Resources Survey China Geological SurveyBeijing 100083China

The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(also referred to as the Plateau)is the largest area bearing alpine permafrost region in the world and thus is endowed with great formation conditions and prospecting potential of natural gas hydrates(NGH).Up to now,one NGH accumulation,two inferred NGH accumulations,and a series of NGH-related anomalous indicators have been discovered in the Plateau,with NGH resources predicted to be up to 8.88×10^(12) m^(3).The NGH in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau have complex gas components and are dominated by deep thermogenic gas.They occur in the Permian-Jurassic strata and are subject to thin permafrost and sensitive to environment.Furthermore,they are distinctly different from the NGH in the high-latitude permafrost in the arctic regions and are more different from marine NGH.The formation of the NGH in the Plateau obviously couples with the uplift and permafrost evolution of the Plateau in spatial-temporal terms.The permafrost and NGH in the Qilian Mountains and the main body of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau possibly formed during 2.0–1.28 Ma BP and about 0.8 Ma BP,respectively.Under the context of global warming,the permafrost in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is continually degrading,which will lead to the changes in the stability of NGH.Therefore,The NGH of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau can not be ignored in the study of the global climate change and ecological environment.

关键词： Natural gas hydrates(NGH) Permafrost Global climate change Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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Synthesis of Rod-like NiO-Co_(3)O_(4)Composites for Sensitive Electrochemical Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2022年第4期6卷 411-418页

作者： Jia-Min Wang Dan Shao lu-lu Jiang Hua-Xiang Li Ya-Jun Gao Sheng-Qi Rao zhen-quan Yang School of Food Science and Technology Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou225127China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou225127China

Accurate and effective detection of hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))is of great significance in physiological functions as well as industrial applications.In this paper,the rod-like NiO-Co_(3)O_(4)nanomaterials were synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method for electrochemical detection of H_(2)O_(2).The characterization results indicated that the nanomaterials possess high porosity and excellent conductivity,and displayed good electrocatalysis activity at the same time.Under alkaline conditions,the as-prepared nanomaterials can catalyze the reduction of H_(2)O_(2)and realize the electron transfer between H_(2)O_(2)and the electrode.The H_(2)O_(2)electrochemical sensor based on NiO-Co_(3)O_(4)nanomaterials exhibited a wide linear response(1-250 and 250-1200μmol/L),a low detection limit(0.1μmol/L)and a high sensitivity(5305.59μA/(mmol/L·cm^(2))(S/N=3)).In addition,the fabricated sensor showed high selectivity,good repeatability and high stability.The applications of the proposed sensor for H_(2)O_(2)detection in food samples were demonstrated and satisfactory results were obtained.

关键词： Hydrogen peroxide NiO-Co_(3)O_(4)nanomaterials Electrocatalysis Electrochemical sensor

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Growth behavior and resource potential evaluation of gas hydrate in core fractures in Qilian Mountain permafrost area, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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China Geology 2023年第2期6卷 208-215页

作者： Qing-guo Meng Chang-ling Liu Zhen-quan Lu Xi-luo Hao Cheng-feng Li Qing-tao Bu Yun-kai Ji Jia-xian Wang Key Laboratory of Gas Hydrate Qingdao Institute of Marine GeologyChina Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266237China Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources Laoshan LaboratoryQingdao 266237China Oil and Gas Survey China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100083China Faculty of Engineering China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

The Qilian Mountain permafrost area located in the northern of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is a favorable place for natural gas hydrate formation and enrichment,due to its well-developed fractures and abundant gas sources.Understanding the formation and distribution of multi-component gas hydrates in fractures is crucial in accurately evaluating the hydrate reservoir resources in this area.The hydrate formation experiments were carried out using the core samples drilled from hydrate-bearing sediments in Qilian Mountain permafrost area and the multi-component gas with similar composition to natural gas hydrates in Qilian Mountain permafrost area.The formation and distribution characteristics of multi-component gas hydrates in core samples were observed in situ by X-ray Computed Tomography(X-CT)under high pressure and low temperature conditions.Results show that hydrates are mainly formed and distributed in the fractures with good connectivity.The ratios of volume of hydrates formed in fractures to the volume of fractures are about 96.8%and 60.67%in two different core samples.This indicates that the fracture surface may act as a favorable reaction site for hydrate formation in core samples.Based on the field geological data and the experimental results,it is preliminarily estimated that the inventory of methane stored in the fractured gas hydrate in Qilian Mountain permafrost area is about 8.67×1013 m3,with a resource abundance of 8.67×108 m3/km2.This study demonstrates the great resource potential of fractured gas hydrate and also provides a new way to further understand the prospect of natural gas hydrate and other oil and gas resources in Qilian Mountain permafrost area.

关键词： Gas hydrate Growth behavior Core fracture Rock Quality Designation Resource potential evaluation Engineering Oil and gas exploration Qilian Mountain permafrost area Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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Hydrogen solubility prediction for diesel molecules based on a modified Henry equation

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Petroleum Science 2022年第1期19卷 363-374页

作者： Run Guo Xiang Bai Yang lu Lin-Zhou Zhang Xing-Ying Lan zhen-Tao Chen quan Shi Suo-Qi Zhao State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing&Petroleum Molecular Engineering Center(PMEC) China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249People's Republic of China

Diesel hydrotreatment removes heteroatoms and polycyclic aromatics in diesel in the presence of highpressure hydrogen gas.The hydrogen solubility is the basis for hydrogen consumption prediction and process design/optimization.In the presented study,we established a method to predict the hydrogen solubility of diesel molecules and mixture.A modified Henry equation was proposed to illustrate the hydrogen solubility variation among the temperature and pressure.The parameters of the modified Henry equation for typical molecules were regressed from literature data.Then we established an empirical correlation between the parameter and the structure and property of molecules.The method was then combined with a molecular-level compositional model to accurately predict the hydrogen solubility in diesel,illustrating the validity of the method.

关键词： Diesel hydrotreatment Hydrogen solubility Modified henry equation Molecular-level compositional model

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Solitary seminal vesicle metastasis from ileal adenocarcinoma presenting with hematospermia:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第23期9卷 6775-6780页

作者： Xiao-Bao Cheng Zhen-quan Lu Wayne Lam Ming-Kwong Yiu Ji-Shi Li Department of Surgery The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen 518053Guangdong ProvinceChina Division of Urology Department of SurgeryQueen Mary HospitalThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Oncology The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen 518053Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Although metastatic adenocarcinoma of the ileum is not uncommon,solitary metastasis to the seminal vesicle has not been reported.We report a patient with recurrent hematospermia diagnosed with metastasis to the seminal vesicle following ileal adenocarcinoma resection,his subsequent management and outcome.CASE SUMMARY A 46-year-old man presented with recurrent episodes of painless hematospermia.This was not associated with any lower urinary tract symptoms.He had a past medical history of ileal tumor at the terminal ileum with solitary mesenteric lymph node metastasis on presentation,and underwent partial ileectomy and lymphadenectomy 4 years ago.Subsequent investigations included positronemission tomography and computed tomography imaging confirmed the very unusual diagnosis of a solitary tumor at the left seminal vesicle.Laparoscopic leftsided vesiculectomy was carried out.Histological analysis with immunohistochemistry showed that CDX-2 was positive and CK7 was negative,and the appearance was consistent with the diagnosis of recurrent metastatic adenocarcinoma of his previously treated intestine primary.The patient had an uneventful post-operative recovery.He received adjuvant chemoradiotherapy following surgery.He remained asymptomatic until he developed multiple bone and pulmonary metastases one year after surgery.CONCluSION Clinicians should be aware of hematospermia as the first symptom of metastatic recurrence in patients with a history of ileal adenocarcinoma.

关键词： Seminal vesicle Metastasis Ileal adenocarcinoma Hematospermia Laparoscopic vesiculectomy Case report

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Successful endoscopic surgery for emphysematous pyelonephritis in a non-diabetic patient with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第12期9卷 2862-2867页

作者： Yi Jiang Richard Lo Zhen-quan Lu Xiao-Bao Cheng Lin Xiong Bing-Feng luo Department of Surgery The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen 518053Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Emphysema pyelonephritis(EPN)is a very dangerous type of urinary tract infection.It is a lethal disease that develops rapidly and causes the patient to deteriorate rapidly,and it can easily lead to systemic infections and even sepsis.The incidence is extremely low,and it is prevalent in patients with diabetes.We here report a case of EPN in a non-diabetic patient with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease(ADPKD).We share the diagnosis and treatment procedure for this extremely rare condition to make this disease easier to identify and address early.CASE SUMMARY A 47-year-old woman presented to the emergency department of our hospital with a high fever and left back pain lasting 4 d.She had a history of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney and polycystic liver.She was diagnosed with left type I EPN and her vital signs deteriorated so quickly that she underwent an emergency operation in which a D-J tube was inserted into her left ureter on the second day after admission.Two months later,she underwent a second-stage flexible ureteroscopy and lithotripsy.Despite postoperative sepsis,she finally recovered after active symptomatic support treatment and effective anti-infective treatment.CONCluSION Although EPN is more likely to occur in diabetic patients,for non-diabetic patients with ADPKD and upper urinary tract obstruction,the disease also causes rapid deterioration.Early and accurate diagnosis and timely removal of the obstruction by invasive means may be able to save the damaged kidney and the patient’s life.

关键词： Emphysematous pyelonephritis Necrotizing infection Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease Flexible ureteroscopy lithotripsy Endoscopic surgery Lithotripsy Case report

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Kinetic Behaviors of a Competitive Population and Fitness System in Exchange-Driven Growth

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2008年第7期50卷 105-110页

作者： lu Ke LIN zhen-quan SUN Yun-Fei Department of Physics Wenzhou University Wenzhou 325027 China

We proposed an aggregation model of two species aggregates of fitness and population to study the inter-action between the two species in their exchange-driven processes of the same species by introducing the monomer birthof fitness catalyzed by the population,where the fitness aggregates perform self-death process and the population aggre-gates perform self-birth process.The kinetic behaviors of the aggregate size distributions of the fitness and populationwere analyzed by the rate equation approach with their exchange rate kernel K_1(k,j) = K_1kj and K_2(k,j) = K_2kj,the fitness aggregate's self-death rate kernel J_1(k) = J_1k,population aggregate's self-birth rate kernel J_2(k) =J_2k andpopulation-catalyzed fitness birth rate kernel I(k,j) = Ikj^v.The kinetic behavior of the fitness was found dependingcrucially on the parameter v,which reflects the dependence of the population-catalyzed fitness birth rate on the size ofthe catalyst (population) aggregate.(i) In the v≤0 case,the effect of catalyzed-birth of fitness is rather weak and theexchange-driven aggregation and self-death of the fitness dominate the process,and the fitness aggregate size distributionα_k(t) does not have scale form.(ii) When v>0,the effect of the population-catalyzed birth of fitness gets strong enough,and the catalyzed-birth and self-death of the fitness aggregates,together with the self-birth of the population aggregatesdominate the evolution process of the fitness aggregates.The aggregate size distribution α_k (t) approaches a generalizedscaling form.

关键词：聚合体运动性能速度方程式竞争性群体

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Spectral Properties and Solubilization Location of 2′-Ethylhexyl 4-（N,N-Dimethylamino）benzoate in Micelles

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics 2008年第2期21卷 163-168页

作者： Ning Ding Xin-zhen Du Chun Wang Xiao-quan lu College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwest Normal University Lanzhou 730070 China

双荧光和 2'-ethylhexyl 4- 的紫外吸收(N， N-dimethylamino ) 安息香酸盐(EHDMAB ) 在 cationic 被调查，非离子并且 anionic 微粒。当 EHDMAB 是在不同微粒的 solubilized 时， EHDMAB 的紫外吸收被提高。有更长的波长的扭曲的 intra... 详细信息

双荧光和 2'-ethylhexyl 4- 的紫外吸收(N， N-dimethylamino ) 安息香酸盐(EHDMAB ) 在 cationic 被调查，非离子并且 anionic 微粒。当 EHDMAB 是在不同微粒的 solubilized 时， EHDMAB 的紫外吸收被提高。有更长的波长的扭曲的 intramolecular 费用转移(TICT ) 排放在离子的微粒被观察，而有更短的波长的 TICT 排放在非离子的微粒被获得。特别地， EHDMAB 的双荧光被离子在 cationic 微粒的严厉的层安排了的断然控告的 pyridinium 显著地熄灭。吸收的紫外放射主要经由 TICT 排放和无放射的释放腐烂。EHDMAB 的 dimethylamino 组在器官的溶剂根据 EHDMAB 的 TICT 排放的极性依赖在离子、非离子的微粒经历不同极的环境。以 EHDMAB 和表面活化剂的分子的结构和尺寸，每个单个 EHDMAB 分子应该向一些不同微粒并且与它的 2'-ethylhexyl 向恐水病的 micellar 核心锁住的极的头与它的 dimethylamino 组一起在微粒被埋葬。EHDMAB 的动态荧光熄灭大小在不同微粒为 EHDMAB 的地点提供进一步的支持。

关键词：光谱特性增溶作用安息香酸盐胶体

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Efficacy and risk factors for anxiety and depression after miniincision hip arthroplasty for femoral head osteonecrosis

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2023年第12期13卷 1016-1026页

作者： Wen-Xing Yu Yang-quan Hao Chao lu Hui Li Yuan-zhen Cai Osteonecrosis and Joint Reconstruction Ward Xi’an Hong Hui HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710054Shaanxi ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Osteonecrosis of the femoral head(ONFH)is a prevalent orthopedic issue,leading to the collapse and fragmentation of the femoral head in its advanced stages,which can severely impair patients'quality of life.Total hip arthroplasty(THA)is a clinical intervention frequently used to alleviate ONFH symptoms and reinstate hip functionality.The conventional surgical technique is invasive and comes with an extended recuperation period,posing significant challenges for patients.With the progression of medical technology,the use of the mini-incision technique in minimally invasive THA(MITHA)has become more prevalent.However,comparative studies examining the effectiveness of these two surgical procedures in treating ONFH remain scarce.Furthermore,understanding patients'psychological well-being is crucial given its profound influence on postoperative recuperation.AIM To evaluate the impact of mini-incision MITHA on ONFH treatment and to identify the risk factors associated with postoperative anxiety and depression.METHODS A retrospective study was conducted on 125 patients treated for ONFH at Xi’an Hong Hui Hospital between February 2020 and January 2022,with the term"consecutive"indicating that these patients were treated in an unbroken sequence without any selection.Among these,60 patients(control group)underwent traditional THA,while 65 patients(observation group)were treated with miniincision MITHA.Variations in the visual analog scale(VAS)score and the Harris hip score were monitored.Additionally,shifts in pre-and posttreatment Hamilton anxiety(HAMA)and Hamilton depression(HAMD)scale scores were recorded.Patients with both postoperative HAMA and HAMD scores of≥8 were identified as those experiencing negative emotions.Logistic regression was utilized to analyze the determinants influencing these negative emotional outcomes.Comparative analyses of surgical and postoperative metrics between the two groups were also conducted.RESULTS Posttreatment results indicated a significantly higher VAS score in the control

关键词： Necrosis of the femoral head Total hip arthroplasty Minimally invasive total hip arthroplasty Postoperative recovery Anxiety Depression

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