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Synergy of phosphorus vacancies and build-in electric field into NiCo/NiCoP Mott-Schottky integrated electrode for enhanced water splitting performance

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第2期35卷 604-610页

作者： Xiaochen Zhang Hui Xue Jing sun Niankun Guo Tianshan Song Jiawen sun Yi-Ru hao Qin Wang College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Inner Mongolia UniversityHohhot 010021China

Vacancy engineering and Mott-Schottky heterostructure can accelerate charge transfer,regulate adsorption energy of reaction intermediates,and provide additional active sites,which are regarded as valid means for improving catalytic ***,the underlying mechanism of synergistic regulation of interfacial charge transfer and optimization of electrocatalytic activity by combining vacancy and Mott-Schottky junction remains ***,the growth of a bifunctional NiCo/NiCoP Mott-Schottky electrode with abundant phosphorus vacancies on foam nickel(NF)has been synthesized through continuous phosphating and reduction *** obtained NiCo/NiCoP heterojunctions show remarkable OER and HER activities,and the overpotentials for OER and HER are as low as 117 and 60 mV at 10 mA/cm^(2) in 1 mol/L KOH,***,as both the cathode and anode of overall water splitting,the voltage of the bifunctional NiCo/NiCoP electrocatalyst is 1.44 V at 10 mA/cm^(2),which are far exceeding the benchmark commercial *** theoretical calculation results confirm that the phosphorus vacancies and build-in electric field can effectively accelerate ion and electron transfer between NiCo alloy and NiCoP semiconductor,tailor the electronic structure of the metal centers and lower the Gibbs free energy of the ***,the unique self-supported integrated structure is beneficial to facilitate the exposure of the active site,avoid catalyst shedding,thus improving the activity and structural stability of NiCo/*** study provides an avenue for the controllable synthesis and performance optimization of Mott-Schottky electrocatalysts.

关键词： Mott-Schottky Build-in electric field Phosphorus vacancies Phosphides Overall water splitting

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Martensite decomposition under thermal-mechanical coupling conditions to fabricate an ultrafine-grained Ti6Al4Mo4Zr1W0.2Si alloy

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第1期168卷 157-168页

作者： Taoyu Zhou Jiuxu Yang Nan Li hao sun Bohua Zhang Zibo Zhao Qingjiang Wang Shi-changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016China

The fabrication of ultrafine-grained microstructures(grain size below 1μm)in titanium alloys is beneficial for improving their mechanical properties at room temperature and medium tempera-tures(400-550°C).However,a long-standing challenge involves the low-cost manufacturing of bulk ultrafine-grained titanium *** this work,we developed a facile strategy through martensite de-composition at thermal-mechanical coupling conditions,to fabricate an equiaxed microstructure in a Ti6Al4Mo4Zr1W0.2Si model alloy with an averageαgrain size of 315±62 *** formation of the ultrafine-grained microstructure was because the lattice strain stored in the martensitic initial mi-crostructure enhanced the nucleation rate of dynamic recrystallization,meanwhile,the pinning role of martensite decomposition productsβand(Ti,Zr)_(5)Si_(3)phases suppressed grain coarsening at high *** to conventional(α+β)alloys,the tensile strength of this alloy improved by 20%-30%at both room temperature and 550°C,without decreasing its *** situ SEM observations revealed that the ultrafine-grained microstructure would not only suppress dislocation motions but also contribute to the homogenous deformation in the matrix of the material,therefore,it resulted in higher mechanical *** research results may be of great significance to the development of next-generation aviation titanium alloys.

关键词： Ultrafine-grained Titanium alloy In situ observation Deformation mechanism Thermostability

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Harnessing innate immune pathways for therapeutic advancement in cancer

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第4期9卷 1506-1564页

作者： Ankang Hu Li sun hao Lin Yuheng Liao Hui Yang Ying Mao Department of Neurosurgery Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiP.R.China Institute for Translational Brain Research Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan University ShanghaiPR.China National Center for Neurological Disorders Huashan HospitalShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiP.R.China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of NeurosurgeryNeurosurgical Institute of Fudan UniversityHuashan HospitalShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiP.R.China State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science Institutes of Brain ScienceShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiP.R.China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism(Ministry of Science and Technology)and Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine(Ministry of Education)and Molecular and Cell Biology LabInstitutes of Biomedical SciencesShanghai Medical College of Fudan UniversityShanghaiP.R.China

The innate immune pathway is receiving increasing attention in cancer *** pathway is ubiquitous across various cell types,not only in innate immune cells but also in adaptive immune cells,tumor cells,and stromal *** targeting the innate immune pathway have shown profound changes in the tumor microenvironment(TME)and improved tumor prognosis in preclinical ***,to date,the clinical success of drugs targeting the innate immune pathway remains ***,recent studies have shown that activation of the innate immune pathway can paradoxically promote tumor *** uncertainty surrounding the therapeutic effectiveness of targeted drugs for the innate immune pathway is a critical issue that needs immediate *** this review,we observe that the role of the innate immune pathway demonstrates heterogeneity,linked to the tumor development stage,pathway status,and specific cell *** propose that within the TME,the innate immune pathway exhibits multidimensional *** diversity is fundamentally rooted in cellular heterogeneity and is manifested as a variety of signaling *** pro-tumor effect of innate immune pathway activation essentially reflects the suppression of classical pathways and the activation of potential pro-tumor alternative *** our understanding of the tumor's innate immune pathway network and employing appropriate targeting strategies can enhance our ability to harness the anti-tumor potential of the innate immune pathway and ultimately bridge the gap from preclinical to clinicalapplication.

关键词： drugs therapeutic innate

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Seasonal changes in gut microbiota of sea cucumber over natural aestivation cycle

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第3期42卷 849-864页

作者： Ye Zhao Han WANG haona WANG Lijie ZHANG hao sun Yanying ZHANG Ocean School Yantai UniversityYantai 264005China

Sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus is an ideal model organism for marine invertebrate aestivation;it annually enters a“sleeping state”for nearly 3 months when ambient water temperature range is 25–30℃.The natural fasting is accompanied by remodeling the intestinal biota and function,which is a part of host biology and could affect the gut *** investigatesd the impact of annual aestivation on gut microbiota using high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA *** reveal a notable alteration in the composition of gut bacteria during aestivation during which various indigenous families and genera that exhibit a preference for dietary glycans(e.g.,family Rhodobacteraceae and Flavobacteriaceae)decreased,while the taxa capable of utilizing substrates derived from the host(e.g.,genus Akkermansia and Prevotella)increased,and so did certain opportunistic pathogenic ***,the investigation delved into the gut morphology and immunity response of *** and reveal that the intestine of *** undergoes substantial atrophy and degeneration during ***,there was an observed augmentation in the levels of acid and neutral mucin within mucous cells,as well as an enhanced immune defense response(as evidenced by increased gene expression of AjTLR3,LITAF,Ajp105,and LYZ).These results imply that the composition of sea cucumber gut microbiota differed between aestivation and active periods,which potentially affects the intestinal functions of the host and the symbiotic relationship between host and its microbiota over the activeaestivation cycle.

关键词： Apostichopus japonicus aestivation gut microbiota diet Illumina sequencing

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Discharge evolution law of debris flow based on a sharp bend physical modeling test

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第6期21卷 1904-1915页

作者： LU Ming sun hao LIU Jinfeng Abrar HUSSAIN SHANG Yuqi FU Hang Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Earth Surface Process Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

For the basins with debris flow development,its channel terrain exhibits a tortuous shape,which significantly restricts the movement of debris flows and leads to severe erosion effects on the concave ***,this study aims to analyze the shear force of debris flows within the bend *** established the relationship between the shear force and bend curvature through laboratory *** the long-term erosion by debris flows,the curvature radius of bends gradually increases,however,when this increasing trend reaches an equilibrium state with the intensity of debris flow discharge,there will be no significant change in curvature *** general,the activity pattern and discharges of debris flows would remain relatively ***,we can infer the magnitude of debris flow discharges from the terrain parameters of the bend channel.

关键词： Debris flow discharge Erosion effect Bend channel Curvature radius

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Laminar Flame Structure-Dependent Exergy Destruction Behavior at Auto-Ignition Time Scale:A Case Study of Dimethyl Ether(DME)

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第4期33卷 1257-1271页

作者： WU Honghuan HUANG Wenlin Zhao hao sun Wuchuan HUANG Zuohua ZHANG Yingjia State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049China

Hybrid deflagration/auto-ignition flame structures coexist in the combustion of advanced *** exergy destruction caused by different irreversible processes under varied flame regimes is thus important for understanding engine *** this study,the flame propagation modes for the premixed DME/air mixtures are numerically investigated under engine-relevant *** entropy generation and exergy destruction characteristics are compared under different flame *** reveal that as the typical premixed flame transition towards auto-ignition front,the exergy destruction from heat conduction and species mass diffusion gradually vanish and are dominated by chemical *** distributions of temperature and species mole fraction in the flame domain are analyzed to clarify the exergy destruction behaviors caused by heat conduction and mass ***,by dividing the DME oxidation process into four stages,the main reaction channels that contribute to the increase in exergy destruction from chemical reaction have been *** is found that the production and consumption of CH_(2)O and HO_(2) radical dominate the exergy destruction behavior during DME *** this basis,the kinetic mechanism of low-temperature chemistry causing greater exergy destruction is ***,low-temperature chemistry leads to significant exergy destruction due to(a)the large irreversibility of itself and(b)(mainly)the enhancement of H_(2)O_(2)loop reactions by low-temperature reaction *** the reduction of combustion irreversibility is promising to be achieved by reasonably regulating the fuel oxidation path.

关键词： exergy destruction flame structures entropy generation low-temperature chemistry DME

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Current Status and Perspectives of Dual-Atom Catalysts Towards Sustainable Energy Utilization

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第7期16卷 402-440页

作者： Yizhe Li Yajie Li hao sun Liyao Gao Xiangrong Jin Yaping Li Zhi LV Lijun Xu Wen Liu Xiaoming sun State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science EngineeringCollege of ChemistryBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029People’s Republic of China Xinjiang Coal Mine Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Technology Research Center Xinjiang Institute of EngineeringUrumqi 830023Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous RegionPeople’s Republic of China

The exploration of sustainable energy utilization requires the imple-mentation of advanced electrochemical devices for efficient energy conversion and storage,which are enabled by the usage of cost-effective,high-performance ***,heterogeneous atomically dispersed catalysts are considered as potential candidates for a wide range of *** to conventional cata-lysts,atomically dispersed metal atoms in carbon-based catalysts have more unsatu-rated coordination sites,quantum size effect,and strong metal-support interactions,resulting in exceptional catalytic *** these,dual-atomic catalysts(DACs)have attracted extensive attention due to the additional synergistic effect between two adja-cent metal *** have the advantages of full active site exposure,high selectiv-ity,theoretical 100%atom utilization,and the ability to break the scaling relationship of adsorption free energy on active *** this review,we summarize recent research advancement of DACs,which includes(1)the comprehensive understanding of the synergy between atomic pairs;(2)the synthesis of DACs;(3)characterization meth-ods,especially aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy and synchrotron spectroscopy;and(4)electrochemical energy-related *** last part focuses on great potential for the electrochemical catalysis of energy-related small molecules,such as oxygen reduction reaction,CO_(2) reduction reaction,hydrogen evolution reaction,and N_(2) reduction *** future research challenges and opportunities are also raised in prospective section.

关键词： Dual-atom catalysts Synergetic effect Electrocatalysis Oxygen reduction reaction CO_(2)reduction reaction Hydrogen evolution reaction N2 reduction reaction

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The value of toxicological analysis in acute poisoning patients with uncertain exposure histories:a retrospective and descriptive study from an institute of poisoning

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第2期15卷 98-104页

作者： Qifang Shi Gen Ba zhenyu Xia zhengsheng Mao hao sun Jinsong Zhang Institute of Poisoning Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211100China Department of Emergency Medicine the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029China Department of Forensic Medicine Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China

BACKGROUND:In clinical practice,some patients might not be able or unwilling to provide a thorough history of medication and poison *** aim of this study was to use toxicological analysis to examine the clinical characteristics of patients with acute poisoning whose exposure history was uncertain from a toxicological analysis ***:This was a retrospective and descriptive study from an institute of *** registration information and test reports spanning the period from April 1,2020 to March 31,2022,were *** with uncertain exposure histories and who underwent toxicological analysis were *** manifestations and categories of toxics were ***:Among the 195 patients with positive toxicological analysis results,the main causes of uncertain exposure history was disturbance of consciousness(62.6%),unawareness(23.6%)and unwillingness or lack of cooperation(13.8%).The predominant clinical manifestations were disturbed consciousness(62.6%),followed by vomiting and nausea(14.4%)and liver function abnormalities(8.7%).A comparison of clinical manifestations between patients with positive and negative(n=99)toxicological analyses results revealed significantly different proportions of disturbances in consciousness(63%vs.21%),dizziness(1.5%vs.5.1%),multi-organ failure(1.5%vs.7.1%),and local pain(0 vs 4%).The main categories of substances involved were psychiatric medications(23.1%),sedatives(20.5%),insecticides(13.8%),and herbicides(12.8%).CONCLUSION:The clinical manifestations of acute poisoning in patients with an uncertain exposure history are diverse and nonspecific,and toxicological analysis plays a pivotal role in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of such patients.

关键词： Acute poisoning Toxic exposure Toxicological analysis Clinical manifestation

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Nonexistence of quantum black and white hole horizons in an improved dynamic approach

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第8期67卷 56-73页

作者： Wen-Cong Gan Xiao-Mei Kuang zhen-hao Yang Yungui Gong Anzhong Wang Bin Wang College of Physics and Communication Electronics Jiangxi Normal UniversityNanchang 330022China GCAP-CASPER Physics DepartmentBaylor UniversityWaco 76798-7316USA Institute for Theoretical Physics&Cosmology Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310023China United Center for Gravitational Wave Physics(UCGWP) Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310023China Center for Gravitation and Cosmology College of Physical Science and TechnologyYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Department of Physics School of Physical Science and TechnologyNingbo UniversityNingbo 315211China School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

In this paper,we study the quantum geometric effects near the locations where classical black hole horizons used to appear in Einstein's classical theory,within the framework of an improved dynamic approach,in which the internal region of a black hole is modeled by the Kantowski-Sachs(KS)spacetime and the two polymerization parameters are functions of the phase space *** detailed analysis shows that the effects are so strong that black and white hole horizons of the effective quantum theory do not exist at all and instead are replaced by transition surfaces,across which the metric coefficients and their inverses are smooth and remain finite,as are the corresponding curvatures,including the Kretschmann *** surfaces always separate trapped regions from anti-trapped *** number of such surfaces is infinite,so the corresponding KS spacetimes become geodesically complete,and no black and white hole-like structures exist in this scheme.

关键词： canonical quantization loop quantum gravity quantum aspects of black holes

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Metabolomic-based analysis reveals bile acid-mediated ovarian failure induced by low temperature in zebrafish

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Zoological Research 2024年第4期45卷 791-804页

作者： Wen-hao Li Zhi-Qiang Li Meng-Di Bu Jia-zhen Li Liang-Biao Chen Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of EducationCollege of Fisheries and Life SciencesShanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306China Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdaoShandong 266237China International Research Center for Marine Biosciences Ministry of Science and TechnologyCollege of Fisheries and Life SciencesShanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306China

As ectotherms, fish are highly sensitive to temperature fluctuations, which can profoundly impact their reproductive cycles. In this study, we investigated the fertility and histological characteristics of zebrafish(Danio rerio) ovaries exposed to a temperature gradient ranging from the thermopreferendum temperature of the species,27℃, to lower temperatures of 22℃, 20℃, and 13℃ over a period of two weeks. Comparative metabolomic(six biological replicates for each temperature) and transcriptomic(four biological replicates for each temperature) analyses were conducted under the four temperature conditions. Results indicated that lower temperatures inhibited oocyte development and differential metabolites were involved in steroid hormone production,antioxidant function, and lipid and protein *** reproductive hormones, increased proteolysis,and lipid degradation significantly impeded oocyte development and egg maturation. Notably, a significant increase in bile acid content was noted in the ovaries of the cold-treated fish, indicating that bile acids play a critical role in ovarian failure. Overall, these findings provide valuable insights into the mechanisms governing the reproductive response of fish to cold stress.

关键词： old stress Ovarian failure Metabolome Zebrafish

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