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Number of Solitons Emerged in the Initial Profile of Shallow Water Using Convolutional Neural Networks

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年第2期37卷 463-479页

作者： WANG zhen cui Shikun School of Mathematical Sciences Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China School of Mathematical Sciences Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

The soliton resolution conjecture proposes that the initial value problem can evolve into a dispersion part and a soliton part.However,the problem of determining the number of solitons that form in a given initial profile remains unsolved,except for a few specific cases.In this paper,the authors use the deep learning method to predict the number of solitons in a given initial value of the Korteweg-de Vries(KdV)equation.By leveraging the analytical relationship between Asech^(2)(x)initial values and the number of solitons,the authors train a Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)that can accurately identify the soliton count from spatio-temporal data.The trained neural network is capable of predicting the number of solitons with other given initial values without any additional assistance.Through extensive calculations,the authors demonstrate the effectiveness and high performance of the proposed method.

关键词： Convolutional neural network deep learning method KdV equation soliton

Strategies for improving extraction capacity through preorganization structure:A novel 5,6-bicyclicmalonamide extractant(THPPD)

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第4期42卷 768-774页

作者： Miaomiao Zhang zhen Yang yuhua cui Jianhui Su Heng Zhao Chengjin Xu Xiaolei Liu Guoxin Sun Xiujing Peng yu cui School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering University of JinanJinan250022China Institute for Smart Materials&Engineering University of JinanJinan250022China Shandong Institute for Food and Drug Control Jinan250101China

Rational design of extractant structure to improve the extraction and separation capacity of rare earth elements(REEs)is a long-standing challenge.Herein,a new strategy was proposed to improve the stability of the chelating structure formed by malonamide and REEs.The stability of the chelating structure is greatly improved by using a double-ring framework structure which makes the two carbonyl groups of malonamide unable to rotate freely and both of them point to the metal ion position.Three benzyl groups were used to construct the hydrophobicity of the extractant and the organic shell of the extracted species.Tribenzylhexahydro-pyrrolo-pyridine-dione(THPPD)was designed and synthesized.The structure reduces the energy consumed by rotating carbonyl group in the coordination with metal ions and then improves the extraction ability of extractant.The crystal structure was preorganized as expected,with the two carbonyls pointing in a favorable coordination direction to the structural complement of the metal ion.The extraction behaviors of REEs with THPPD in a nitric acid medium were studied.Compared with N,N’-dibenzyl-N,N’-dimethylmalonamide(DBDM-MA)with a chain structure,the extraction capacity of THPPD is 360 times higher than that of DBDM-MA at 5.0 mol/L sodium nitrate.Furthermore,the binding energy and Gibbs free energy were investigated by density functional theory(DFT)in conjunction with the B3LYP.The theoretical results show that THPPD has more effective interaction with Pr(NO_(3))3 than DBDM-MA.The construction of chelating groups conformation is a worthy direction to improve the coordination ability and even selectivity of extractant.

关键词： Rare earth elements Extraction separation 5,6-bicyclicdiamide extractant

Factors and Their Impact on Treatment Effect of Acupuncture in Different Outcomes:A Meta-Regression of Acupuncture Randomized Controlled Trials

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第3期30卷 260-266页

作者： XIU Wen-cui GANG Wei-juan ZHOU Qi SHI Lan-jun HU Xiang-yu MING Tian-yu LUO zhen ZHANG yu-qing JING Xiang-hong Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing100700China China Center for Evidence-Based Traditional Chinese Medicine China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing100700China Department of Health Research Methods Evidenceand ImpactMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioL8S 4L8Canada Center for Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine-Clarity Collaboration Guang’anmen HospitalChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing100053China

Background:The effects of acupuncture have varied in different randomized controlled trials(RCTs),and there are many factors that influence treatment effect of acupuncture in different outcomes,with conflicting results.Objective:To identify factors and their impact on the treatment effect of acupuncture in different outcomes.Methods:Acupuncture RCTs were searched from 7 databases including Medline(Pub Med),Embase,Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang Database,VIP Database,and China Biology Medicine disc between January 1st,2015 and December 31st,2019.Eligible studies must compare acupuncture to no acupuncture,sham acupuncture,or waiting lists,and report at least 1patient-important outcome.A multi-level meta-regression was conducted using a 3-level robust mixed model and univariate analyses were performed for all independent variables,even those excluded from the multivariable model due to collinearities.We used thresholds of 0.2 and 0.4 for the difference of standardized mean differences(SMDs),categorising them as small(0.4) effects.Results:The pain construct analysis involved 211 effect estimates from 153 studies and 14 independent variables.High-frequency acupuncture treatment sessions produced larger effects compared to low-frequency sessions [large magnitude,the difference of adjusted SMDs 0.46,95% confidence interval(CI) 0.07 to 0.84;P=0.02].The non-pain symptoms construct analysis comprised 323 effect estimates from 231 studies and 15 independent variables.Penetrating acupuncture showed moderately larger effects when compared to non-penetrating acupuncture(0.30,95% CI 0.06 to 0.53;P=0.01).The function construct analysis included 495 effect estimates from 274 studies and 14 independent variables.Penetrating acupuncture and the flexible acupuncture regimen showed moderately larger effects,compared to non-penetrating acupuncture and fixed regimen,respectively(0.40,95% CI 0 to 0.80;P=0.05;0.29,95% CI 0.06 to 0.53;P=0.01).

关键词： acupuncture randomized controlled trial patient-important outcome meta-regression

Recent progress in self-propelled particles

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2024年第1期36卷 61-77页

作者： zhen-yu Ouyang Jian-zhong Lin Laboratory of Impact and Safety Engineering Ministry of EducationNingbo UniversityNingbo315201China Department of Mechanics State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic SystemsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China

Self-propelled particles are commonly found in a large number of planktonic organisms such as bacteria,fungi,and algae in nature,and researchers have taken a long interest in exploring their swimming mechanisms for more than a century.Especially in the past 20 years,with the development of computational fluid dynamics and flow display technology,as well as the need for the design of synthetic self-propelled particles and micro-swimming devices,self-propelled particles have become the forefront and hotspot of current research in the field of fluid mechanics.This paper first introduces the swimming characteristics of common self-propelled particles,leading to a classic“squirmer”type self-propelled particle model.On this basis,a systematic introduction and summary of the theoretical and numerical simulation research of“squirmer”will be conducted.Finally,the main challenges and opportunities faced by the current research will be summarized.

关键词： Self-propelled particles multiphase flow hydrodynamic interaction

First Passage Density of Brownian Motion with Two-sided Piecewise Linear Boundaries

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第6期40卷 1505-1520页

作者： zhen yu Mao Zai TIAN Center for Applied Statistics School of StatisticsRenmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872P.R.China School of Mathematics and Data Science Changji UniversityChangji 831100P.R.China

The first passage time has many applications in fields like finance,econometrics,statistics,and biology.However,explicit formulas for the first passage density have only been obtained for a few cases.This paper derives an explicit formula for the first passage density of Brownian motion with twosided piecewise continuous boundaries which may have some points of discontinuity.Approximations are used to obtain a simplified formula for estimating the first passage density.Moreover,the results are also generalized to the case of two-sided general nonlinear boundaries.Simulations can be easily carried out with Monte Carlo method and it is demonstrated for several typical two-sided boundaries that the proposed approximation method offers a highly accurate approximation of first passage density.

关键词： Boundary non-crossing probability first density passage density two-sided piecewise continuous boundaries Brownian motion

Core and variable antimicrobial resistance genes in the gut microbiomes of Chinese and European pigs

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Zoological Research 2024年第1期45卷 189-200页

作者： cui-Hong Tong Zhi-Peng Huo Lu Diao Dan-yu Xiao Ruo-Nan Zhao zhen-Ling Zeng Wen-Guang Xiong Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510642China National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria College of Veterinary MedicineSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510642China National Laboratory of Safety Evaluation(Environmental Assessment)of Veterinary Drugs South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510642China National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510642China

Monitoring the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance genes(ARGs)is vital for addressing the global crisis of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections.Despite its importance,the characterization of ARGs and microbiome structures,as well as the identification of indicators for routine ARG monitoring in pig farms,are still lacking,particularly concerning variations in antimicrobial exposure in different countries or regions.Here,metagenomics and random forest machine learning were used to elucidate the ARG profiles,microbiome structures,and ARG contamination indicators in pig manure under different antimicrobial pressures between China and Europe.Results showed that Chinese pigs exposed to high-level antimicrobials exhibited higher total and plasmid-mediated ARG abundances compared to those in European pigs(P<0.05).ANT(6)-Ib,APH(3')-IIIa,and tet(40)were identified as shared core ARGs between the two pig populations.Furthermore,the core ARGs identified in pig populations were correlated with those found in human populations within the same geographical regions.Lactobacillus and Prevotella were identified as the dominant genera in the core microbiomes of Chinese and European pigs,respectively.Forty ARG markers and 43 biomarkers were able to differentiate between the Chinese and European pig manure samples with accuracies of 100%and 98.7%,respectively.Indicators for assessing ARG contamination in Chinese and European pigs also achieved high accuracy(r=0.72-0.88).Escherichia flexneri in both Chinese and European pig populations carried between 21 and 37 ARGs.The results of this study emphasize the importance of global collaboration in reducing antimicrobial resistance risk and provide validated indicators for evaluating the risk of ARG contamination in pig farms.

关键词： Metagenomic Pig manure Antimicrobial pressure Antimicrobial resistance genes Microbiome

Progress on the glassy-crystal laminates:From design,microstructure to deformation and future solutions

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第5期172卷 113-144页

作者： yu Chen Ronggao cui Jun Shen Gang Wang College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Department of Motor Design Business Weichai New Energy Technology Co.Ltd.Weifang 261061China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Control and Intelligent Robots Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Laboratory for Microstructures Institute of MaterialsShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China

The development of new design strategies to create innovative structural materials,refine existing ones,and achieves compatible combinations of strength and plasticity remains a worldwide goal.Promising alloys,such as shape memory alloys(SMAs),bulk metallic glasses(BMGs),high entropy alloys(HEAs),and heterogeneous pure metals such as Cu,have excellent mechanical responses,but they still fall short of meeting all the requirements of structural materials due to specific flaws,such as lack of tensile de-formation for BMGs and low yielding strength for HEAs.To address these shortcomings,proposals such as integrating glassy matrices and crystallized alloys,such as HEAs/SMAs,have been suggested.However,these solutions have unresolved issues,such as the challenging control of B2 phase formation in BMG composites.Recently,glass-crystal(A/C)laminated alloys with alternating layers have been reported to exhibit improved mechanical properties and activated work-hardening behaviors,but they still face press-ing issues such as bonding interfaces and unknown deformation mechanisms.This review focuses on design routes such as the selection of alloy components and processing techniques,exploration of micro-structural evolution and deformation modes with an increase in strain,and future solutions to address pressing and unsolved issues.These prominent advantages include diversified deformation mechanisms,such as deformation twinning,martensitic phase transformation,and precipitation hardening,as well as tuned interactive reactions of shear bands(SBs)near the A/C interfaces.Thus,this review provides a promising pathway to design and develop structural materials in the materials field community.

关键词： Glassy-crystal laminates Bulk metallic glasses High entropy alloys Shape memory alloys Microstructure Deformation mechanisms Future solutions

Musculoskeletal ultrasound to evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture: a review

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第3期44卷 629-632页

作者： WANG Dingyue yu Yana WANG Yiyuan ZHANG zhen Department of Ultrasound the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University

Acupuncture is a typical example of Traditional Chinese Medicine and has been used in China for hundreds of years to treat a wide range of illnesses. However, in the clinic, issues and deficiencies were primarily seen in four areas: loss of accuracy in the operation process; difficulty understanding the depth of acupuncture; difficulty using reinforcing and reducing techniques; and lack of a clear dynamic effect of acupuncture points following acupuncture. Musculoskeletal ultrasonography may quantitatively evaluate the acupuncture location and display the distribution of small nerves near and within the fascia of the acupuncture point in real time. The subjects were asked how they felt about receiving Qi when the needle body reached different depths and different tissues. The Qi obtained from an acupuncture point and the connective tissue of the fascia can be further understood by combining the physiological response of the acupuncture point with the anatomical structure,which offers a new method for defining the nature of the acupuncture point and standardizing the acupuncture point.

关键词： acupuncture De Qi dynamic effect musculoskeletal ultrasound visualization

The breaking of spin symmetry in the single-particle resonances in deformed nuclei

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第3期35卷 237-245页

作者： zhen-yu zheng Shou-Wan Chen Quan Liu School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China

The exploration of spin symmetry (SS) in nuclear physics has been instrumental in identifying atomic nucleus structures.In this study,we solve the Dirac equation from the relativistic mean field (RMF) in complex momentum representation.We investigated SS and its breaking in single-particle resonant states within deformed nuclei,with a focus on the illustrative nucleus168Er.This was the initial discovery of a resonant spin doublet in a deformed nucleus,with the expectation of the SS approaching the continuum threshold.With increasing single-particle energy,the splitting of the resonant spin doublets widened significantly.This escalating splitting implies diminishing adherence to the SS,indicating a departure from the expected behavior as the energy levels increase.We also analyzed the width of the resonant states,showing that lower orbital angular momentum resonances possess shorter decay times and that SS is preserved within broad resonant doublets,as opposed to narrow resonant doublets.Comparing the radial density of the upper components for the bound-state and resonant-state doublets,it becomes evident that while SS is well-preserved in the bound states,it deteriorates in the resonant states.The impact of nuclear deformation (β_(2)) on SS was examined,demonstrating that an increase in β_(2) resulted in higher energy and width splitting in the resonant spin doublets,which is attributed to increased component mixing.Furthermore,the sensitivity of spin doublets to various potential parameters such as surface diffuseness (a),radius (R),and depth (Σ0) is discussed,emphasizing the role of these parameters in SS.This study provides valuable insights into the behavior of spin doublets in deformed nuclei and their interplay with the nuclear structure,thereby advancing our understanding of SS in the resonance state.

关键词： Spin symmetry Resonant states Deformed nuclei Complex-momentum representation