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Smart Gas Sensors:Recent Developments and Future Prospective

Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 55-86页

作者： Boyang Zong Shufang wu Yuehong Yang Qiuju Li Tian Tao Shun Mao College of Environmental Science and Engineering Biomedical Multidisciplinary Innovation Research InstituteShanghai East HospitalState Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource ReuseTongji University1239 Siping RoadShanghai 200092People’s Republic of China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092People’s Republic of China Microbiome Medicine Center Department of Laboratory MedicineZhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510280People’s Republic of China

Gas sensor is an indispensable part of modern society withwide applications in environmental monitoring,healthcare,food industry,public safety,*** the development of sensor technology,wireless communication,smart monitoring terminal,cloud storage/computing technology,and artificial intelligence,smart gas sensors represent the future of gassensing due to their merits of real-time multifunctional monitoring,earlywarning function,and intelligent and automated *** electronicand optoelectronic gas sensors have been developed for high-performancesmart gas *** the development of smart terminals and the maturityof integrated technology,flexible and wearable gas sensors play an increasingrole in gas *** review highlights recent advances of smart gassensors in diverse *** structural components and fundamentalprinciples of electronic and optoelectronic gas sensors are described,andflexible and wearable gas sensor devices are ***,sensorarray with artificial intelligence algorithms and smart gas sensors in“Internet of Things”paradigm are ***,the challengesand perspectives of smart gas sensors are discussed regarding the future need of gas sensors for smart city and healthy living.

关键词： Smart gas sensor Electronic sensor Optoelectronic sensor Flexible and wearable sensor Artificial intelligence

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Unlocking the potential of spatial transcriptomics with custom microfluidic chips

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年

作者： Bingqi wu Yuan Gao China National Center for Bioinformation Beijing Institute of Genomics Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Spatial transcriptomics technique detects RNA sequences (St?hl et al.,2016) and quantifies their expression in the positional context (Ke et al.,2013),which can provide important information such as cell heterogeneity,cell developmental trajectory,differential gene expression between tissue regions or *** date,it is becoming a powerful tool for exploring tumorigenesis (Ren et al.,2023),cerebral neurodevelopment (Shi et al.,2023),embryonic development(Arutyunyan et al.,2023),and other biological ***-dimensional(3D) spatial transcriptome typically requires stacking multiple tissue slices to obtain a 3D atlas (Schott et al.,2024);therefore it prefers a method that meets high throughput,large sample sizes,and affordable cost to cover large regions of the ***,the lack of a single method that meets all of these requirements limits large-scale application of 3D spatial transcriptomics.

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Advancements and Challenges in Organic–Inorganic Composite Solid Electrolytes for All‑Solid‑State Lithium Batteries

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 46-97页

作者： Xueyan Zhang Shichao Cheng Chuankai Fu Geping Yin Liguang Wang Yongmin wu Hua Huo State Key Laboratory of Space Power‑Sources School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001People’s Republic of China College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources 2965 Dongchuan RoadMinhang DistrictShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China

To address the limitations of contemporary lithium-ion batteries,particularly their low energy density and safety concerns,all-solid-state lithium batteries equipped with solid-state electrolytes have been identified as an up-and-coming *** the various SEs,organic–inorganic composite solid electrolytes(OICSEs)that combine the advantages of both polymer and inorganic materials demonstrate promising potential for large-scale ***,OICSEs still face many challenges in practical applications,such as low ionic conductivity and poor interfacial stability,which severely limit their *** review provides a comprehensive overview of recent research advancements in ***,the influence of inorganic fillers on the main functional parameters of OICSEs,including ionic conductivity,Li+transfer number,mechanical strength,electrochemical stability,electronic conductivity,and thermal stability are systematically *** lithium-ion conduction mechanism of OICSE is thoroughly analyzed and concluded from the microscopic ***,the classic inorganic filler types,including both inert and active fillers,are categorized with special emphasis on the relationship between inorganic filler structure design and the electrochemical performance of ***,the advanced characterization techniques relevant to OICSEs are summarized,and the challenges and perspectives on the future development of OICSEs are also highlighted for constructing superior ASSLBs.

关键词： Composite solid electrolytes Inorganic filler Interfacial stability Li-ion conduction mechanism Characterization techniques

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Noncommutative Differential Calculus and Its Application on Discrete Spaces

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2008年第1期49卷 37-44页

作者： LIU zhen BAI Yong-Qiang wu Ke GUO Han-ying Center of Mathematical Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China Department of Mathematics Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310023China Institute of Mathematics Henan University Kaifeng 475001 China Department of Mathematics Capital Normal University Beijing 100037 China Institute of Theoretical Physics the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080China

We present the noncommutative differential calculus on the function space of the infinite set and construct a homotopy operator to prove the analogue of the Poincare lemma for the difference complex. Then the horizontal and vertical complexes are introduced with the total differential map and vertical exterior derivative. As the application of the differential calculus, we derive the schemes with the conservation of symplecticity and energy for Hamiltonian system and a two-dimensional integral models with infinite sequence of conserved currents. Then an Euler-Lagrange cohomology with symplectic structure-preserving is given in the discrete classical mechanics.

关键词： noncommutative differential calculus Poincare lemma horizontal and vertical complexes Euler-Lagrange cohomology

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Co-production of hydrogen, oxygen, and electricity via an integrated solar-driven system with decoupled water electrolyzer and Na-Zn ion battery

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 621-627页

作者： Fei Lv Longjie Liu Jiazhe wu Pengfei Wang Lixia Pan Dengwei Jing Yubin Chen International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University

Combining water electrolysis and rechargeable battery technologies into a single system holds great promise for the co-production of hydrogen （H2） and ***,the design and development of such systems is still in its ***,an integrated hydrogen-oxygen （O2）-electricity co-production system featuring a bipolar membrane-assisted decoupled electrolyzer and a Na-Zn ion battery was established with sodium nickelhexacyanoferrate （NaNiHCF） and Zn2+/Zn as dual redox *** decoupled electrolyzer enables to produce H2and O2in different time and space with almost 100%Faradaic efficiency at 100 mA ***,the charged NaNiHCF and Zn electrodes after the electrolysis processes formed a Na-Zn ion battery,which can generate electricity with an average cell voltage of 1.75 V at 10 m A *** connecting Si photovoltaics with the modular electrochemical device,a well-matched solar driven system was built to convert the intermittent solar energy into hydrogen and electric energy with a solar to hydrogen-electricity efficiency of 16.7%,demonstrating the flexible storage and conversion of renewables.

关键词： Hydrogen Electricity Decoupled water electrolyzer Na-Zn ion battery Solar energy

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GFRF R-CNN:Object Detection Algorithm for Transmission Lines

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 1439-1458页

作者： Xunguang Yan Wenrui Wang Fanglin Lu Hongyong Fan Bo wu Jianfeng Yu Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201210China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Jingwei Textile Machinery Co. Ltd.Beijing100176China

To maintain the reliability of power systems,routine inspections using drones equipped with advanced object detection algorithms are essential for preempting power-related *** increasing resolution of drone-captured images has posed a challenge for traditional target detection methods,especially in identifying small objects in high-resolution *** study presents an enhanced object detection algorithm based on the Faster Regionbased Convolutional Neural Network(Faster R-CNN)framework,specifically tailored for detecting small-scale electrical components like insulators,shock hammers,and screws in transmission *** algorithm features an improved backbone network for Faster R-CNN,which significantly boosts the feature extraction network’s ability to detect fine *** Region Proposal Network is optimized using a method of guided feature refinement(GFR),which achieves a balance between accuracy and *** incorporation of Generalized Intersection over Union(GIOU)and Region of Interest(ROI)Align further refines themodel’s *** results demonstrate a notable improvement in mean Average Precision,reaching 89.3%,an 11.1%increase compared to the standard Faster *** highlights the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in identifying electrical components in high-resolution aerial images.

关键词： Faster R-CNN transmission line object detection GIOU GFR

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Operando and reversible manipulation of Pt electrocatalytic properties through its substrate phase transition

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Hongfei Liu Yi Xie Changzheng wu Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM)and CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China Institute of Energy Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center

The lattice strain is considered critical for determining the catalytic activity of metal catalysts such as Pt. However, the dynamic manipulation of Pt lattice strain under reaction conditions to directly examine its catalytic effect has not been achieved. In this study, we realized the reversible manipulation of Pt electrocatalytic properties under electrochemical conditions by tuning the Pt lattice strain with the temperature-controlled Martensite-Austenite phase transition of the shape memory NiTi alloy *** enabled establishing a straightforward relationship between the strain-induced electronic structure transformation and electrocatalytic activity leaping. The binding strength between Pt and surface oxygen species was confirmed as the critical factor that dominated the hydrogen evolution and the oxygen reduction activities. In contrast, the oxygen evolution activity was barely affected by NiTi substrate phase transition.

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Quantum convolution inequalities on Frobenius von Neumann algebras

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Science China Mathematics 2025年

作者： Linzhe Huang zhengwei Liu Jinsong wu Beijing Institute of Mathematical Sciences and Applications Yau Mathematical Sciences Center and Department of Mathematics Tsinghua University

In this paper, we introduce Frobenius von Neumann algebras and study quantum convolution inequalities. In this framework, we unify quantum Young's inequality on quantum symmetries such as subfactors,and fusion bi-algebras studied in quantum Fourier analysis. Moreover, we prove quantum entropic convolution inequalities and characterize the extremizers in the subfactor case. We also prove quantum smooth entropic convolution inequalities. We obtain the positivity of comultiplications of subfactor planar algebras, which is stronger than the quantum Schur product theorem. All these inequalities provide analytic obstructions of unitary categorification of fusion rings stronger than the Schur product criterion.

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SECOND-ORDER NONLINEAR OPTICAL HYPERBRANCHED POLYMER CONTAINING ISOLATION CHROMOPHORE MOIETIES DERIVED FROM BOTH “H”-TYPE AND STAR-TYPE CHROMOPHORES

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2013年第10期31卷 1415-1423页

作者： Wen-bo wu ying-jie Fu Can Wang zhen Xu Cheng Ye Jin-gui Qin zhen Li Department of Chemistry Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto-Electronic MaterialsWuhan University Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences

An NLO hyperbranched polymer （HP1） derived from both ＂H＂-type and star-type chromophores was synthesized successfully for the first time with high yield via one-pot ＂A2 ＋ B3＂ Suzuki polymerization reaction. Isolation chromophore was also introduced to further improve its performance. Although under the test conditions, the films of HP1 could not be poled completely, it still demonstrated satisfactory macroscopic NLO effect with the second harmonic generation （SHG） coefficient d33 value of 36 pm/V.

关键词： Hyperbranched polymer NLO Isolation chromophore "H"-type chromophore Star-type chromophore.

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Future changes in wind energy potential over China using RegCM4 under RCP emission scenarios

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2021年第4期12卷 596-610页

作者： wu Jia HAN zhen-Yu YAN Yu-Ping SUN Chao-Yang XU ying SHI ying National Climate Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing100081China Laboratory for Climate Studies China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing100081China

To provide a scientific basis for the policies for the development of wind energy and towards the goal of carbon neutrality in China and local governments,changes in wind energy potential over China were investigated based on the bias-corrected ensemble mean(CENS)of high-resolution dynamical downscaling projections using the RCP2.6,RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 emission ***,evaluation indicated that CENS could better reproduce the long-term mean and interannual variability of surface wind speed over China compared to the original simulation outputs,providing a reliable basis for future *** of the averaged wind power density of China showed a decreasing trend during 2020-2099 in all four seasons under all three scenarios,with the significant(p<0.05)magnitude apparent in both autumn and winter,characterized by an increase over South China and a decrease over northwestern and southwestern *** addition,the'very abundant'and'abundant'categories of available wind energy located in northern China and the low-speed wind energy in South China were projected to decrease by the middle and late of the 21st *** the projected decrease in annual wind power density ranged from-1.14%to-0.36%per decade among the three scenarios,we believe that,considering the strong inter-annual variability and uncertainty involved,these changes would not substantially affect China's future wind energy *** of note was that a low emission scenario could to some extent mitigate the reduction in wind energy potential in the ***,we suggest that implementation of newly developed wind power technology should consider the impact of changes in wind energy in different sub-regions(e.g.,the low wind speed region over South China),which is pivotal to China's strategic planning in this sector.

关键词： Wind energy Regional climate model Future projection China

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