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Revisiting the Mg isotopic systematics of siliciclastic components of sediments and sedimentary rocks:A new geochemical proxy of continental weathering in Earth's history

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第2期67卷 620-633页

作者： Tianzheng huang Bing SHEN Kangjun huang Meng NING chao LI Jinzhuang XUE Yuanlin SUN Baoqi huang Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belt and Crustal Evolution MOESchool of Earth and Space SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100871China State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Early Life and EnvironmentsDepartment of GeologyNorthwest UniversityXi’an710069China Institute of Sedimentary Geology Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu610059China Key Laboratory of Rhenium-Osmium Isotopic Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing100037China

The Mg isotopic compositions of siliciclastic components(δ^(26)Mg_(sili))of sediments and sedimentary rocks have been commonly used to constrain the intensity of continental weathering,based on observations of,(1)an upward enrichment of26Mg in modern weathering profiles,(2)preferential uptake of26Mg in soil clays,and(3)general positive correlations between weathering intensities andδ^(26)Mg_(sili)values.However,not all weathering profiles display an upward increase ofδ^(26)Mg_(sili),and not all soil clays enrich in26Mg,complicating the interpretations ofδ^(26)Mg_(sili)data of sediments and sedimentary rocks.To further explore the controls ofδ^(26)Mg_(sili)of sediments and sedimentary rocks,here we measuredδ^(26)Mg_(sili),mineralogical compositions and major element compositions of deep sea sediments from South China Sea(SCS)and carbonate rock samples from two late Paleozoic sections in South China.Carbonate samples show decreasing trends of both normalized Mg concentration(Mgnorm)andδ^(26)Mg_(sili)values with the increase of weathering intensity,while SCS sediments samples do not show any correlation between Mgnormorδ^(26)Mg_(sili)values and weathering intensity.A three-stages weathering model is developed to explain the observed Mgnorm andδ^(26)Mg_(sili)data.In the new model,weathering can be divided into three stages,(1)the preliminary weathering stage characterized by dissolution of primary minerals and formation of secondary clay minerals in saprolite,(2)the transitional stage with massive vermiculite and chlorite formation on the bottom of soil,and(3)the advanced stage showing dissolution of vermiculite and chlorite in the top of soil.The new model explains anδ^(26)Mg_(sili)increase and Mgnormdecrease with an increase weathering intensity in preliminary weathering stage and decrease of Mgnormandδ^(26)Mg_(sili)with increase weathering intensity in advanced weathering stage.The revised weathering model warrants the application of Mg isotope in the study of continental weathering in deep time.

关键词： Clay mineral Chemical weathering CIA Soil Weathering model

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Physics-based battery SOC estimation methods:Recent advances and future perspectives

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第2期89卷 27-40,I0003页

作者： Longxing Wu Zhiqiang Lyu Zebo huang chao Zhang Changyin Wei College of Mechanical Engineering Anhui Science and Technology UniversityChuzhou 233100AnhuiChina Hubei Key Laboratory of Power System Design and Test for Electrical Vehicle Hubei University of Arts and ScienceXiangyang 441053HubeiChina School of Internet Anhui UniversityHefei 230039AnhuiChina School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Guilin University of Electronic TechnologyGuilin 541004GuangxiChina

The reliable prediction of state of charge(SOC)is one of the vital functions of advanced battery management system(BMS),which has great significance towards safe operation of electric vehicles.By far,the empirical model-based and data-driven-based SOC estimation methods of lithium-ion batteries have been comprehensively discussed and reviewed in various literatures.However,few reviews involving SOC estimation focused on electrochemical mechanism,which gives physical explanations to SOC and becomes most attractive candidate for advanced BMS.For this reason,this paper comprehensively surveys on physics-based SOC algorithms applied in advanced BMS.First,the research progresses of physical SOC estimation methods for lithium-ion batteries are thoroughly discussed and corresponding evaluation criteria are carefully elaborated.Second,future perspectives of the current researches on physics-based battery SOC estimation are presented.The insights stated in this paper are expected to catalyze the development and application of the physics-based advanced BMS algorithms.

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries State of charge Electrochemical model Battery management system

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Evaluation of Auto-Ignition Characteristics of Diesel Surrogate Fuels with the Same Derived Cetane Numbers at Changed Thermodynamic Environments

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第4期33卷 1590-1606页

作者： ZHANG Cong GUAN Yuanhang huang zhen HAN Dong College of Smart Energy Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai Non-carbon Energy Conversion and Utilization Institute Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering Ministry of EducationShanghai Jiao Tong University

The ignition tendency of diesel fuels is highly sensitive to ambient conditions and fuel properties.In this study,the ignition characteristics of different diesel surrogate fuels with the same derived cetane numbers(DCN) were measured and compared in varied thermodynamic and oxidizing environments.The combustion pressures,heat release rates,ignition delays,and combustion delays of the test fuels were compared.The experimental results showed that the diesel surrogate fuels with the same DCNs exhibit similar ignition propensity at standard DCN test conditions.Further,for the test conditions of high cetane fuels,high ambient temperatures,and suficient oxygen concentrations,surrogate fuels with the same DCN have similar ignition behaviors,and using the DCN to evaluate fuel ignition tendency is appropriate.However,for the test conditions of low cetane fuels,low ambient temperatures,and reduced oxygen concentrations,different ignition behaviors are observed for the surrogate fuels with the same DCN,so at these conditions using DCN as the evaluation index for fuel ignition tendency may lead to higher uncertainty.

关键词： diesel fuels surrogate fuels derived cetane numbers constant volume combustion chamber

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Causal role of immune cells in obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome:Mendelian randomization study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第7期12卷 1227-1234页

作者： huang-Hong Zhao zhen Ma Dong-Sheng Guan Department of Encephalopathy Henan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineZhengzhou 450000Henan ProvinceChina Department of Personnel The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese MedicineZhengzhou 450000Henan ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Henan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineZhengzhou 450000Henan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Despite being one of the most prevalent sleep disorders,obstructive sleep apnea hypoventilation syndrome(OSAHS)has limited information on its immunologic foundation.The immunological underpinnings of certain major psychiatric diseases have been uncovered in recent years thanks to the extensive use of genome-wide association studies(GWAS)and genotyping techniques using highdensity genetic markers(e.g.,SNP or CNVs).But this tactic hasn't yet been applied to OSAHS.Using a Mendelian randomization analysis,we analyzed the causal link between immune cells and the illness in order to comprehend the immunological bases of OSAHS.AIM To investigate the immune cells'association with OSAHS via genetic methods,guiding future clinical research.METHODS A comprehensive two-sample mendelian randomization study was conducted to investigate the causal relationship between immune cell characteristics and OSAHS.Summary statistics for each immune cell feature were obtained from the GWAS catalog.Information on 731 immune cell properties,such as morphologic parameters,median fluorescence intensity,absolute cellular,and relative cellular,was compiled using publicly available genetic databases.The results'robustness,heterogeneity,and horizontal pleiotropy were confirmed using extensive sensitivity examination.RESULTS Following false discovery rate(FDR)correction,no statistically significant effect of OSAHS on immunophenotypes was observed.However,two lymphocyte subsets were found to have a significant association with the risk of OSAHS:Basophil%CD33dim HLA DR-CD66b-(OR=1.03,95%CI=1.01-1.03,P<0.001);CD38 on IgD+CD24-B cell(OR=1.04,95%CI=1.02-1.04,P=0.019).CONCLUSION This study shows a strong link between immune cells and OSAHS through a gene approach,thus offering direction for potential future medical research.

关键词： Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome Immunity Causal inference MR analysis Sensitivity

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26-electrons redox-active polyoxovanadate clusters for aqueous zincion batteries

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4047-4054页

作者： Yimin Xing Wen Yan Haiyang Wu Peng huang chao Wang chao Lai School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhou 221116China

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs)are attaining increasing attention for their high safety and low cost.Despite significant progresses in realizing high-performance cathode material for ZIBs,simultaneously endowing them with high capacity and fast-charging capability,the long-term cycling stability remains a major unsolved challenge.In this work,a polyoxovanadate cluster of(NH_(4))_(8)[V_(19)O_(41)(OH)_(9)]·11H_(2)O(NOV)is defined as a cathode material for ZIBs that contains mixed-valence vanadium sites(V^(4+)and V^(5+)).A maximum of 26 electrons can be accommodated in one[V_(19)O_(41)(OH)_(9)]^(8-){V_(19)O_(50)}cluster,contributing to the high theoretical specific capacity of 328 mA·h·g^(-1).The Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) MXene nanosheets are incorporated into NOV with the help of ionic liquid(IL)linkers to restrain the dissolution of vanadium species and facilitate electron transport across the electrode.The interfacial bonding,anion exchange,and electrostatic interactions among NOV and MXene are provided by IL liquid.The nanohybrid of NOV-IL-MXene endows excellent contact between MXene and NOV,thereby enhanced charge transfer is observed at interface.Subsequently,the as-synthesized NOV-IL-MXene cathodes exhibit high discharge capacity of 413 mA·h·g^(-1) at 0.2 A·g^(-1) even at high mass loading of 5.2 mg·cm^(-2),remarkable rate performance of 182 mA·h·g^(-1) at 10 A·g^(-1),and impressive cycling stability of 94%capacity retention after 2000 cycles.This work opens up new opportunities to develop advanced polyoxovanadate hybrid cathodes for low-cost and high-performance aqueous ZIBs.

关键词： polyoxovanadate MXene composite materials cathodes zinc-ion batteries

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Semi-supervised surface defect detection of wind turbine blades with YOLOv4

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Global Energy Interconnection 2024年第3期7卷 284-292页

作者： chao huang Minghui Chen Long Wang Department of Computer and Communication Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083P.R.China Shunde Innovation School University of Science and Technology BeijingFoshan 528399P.R.China

Timely inspection of defects on the surfaces of wind turbine blades can effectively prevent unpredictable accidents.To this end,this study proposes a semi-supervised object-detection network based on You Only Looking Once version 4(YOLOv4).A semi-supervised structure comprising a generative adversarial network(GAN)was designed to overcome the difficulty in obtaining sufficient samples and sample labeling.In a GAN,the generator is realized by an encoder-decoder network,where the backbone of the encoder is YOLOv4 and the decoder comprises inverse convolutional layers.Partial features from the generator are passed to the defect detection network.Deploying several unlabeled images can significantly improve the generalization and recognition capabilities of defect-detection models.The small-scale object detection capacity of the network can be improved by enhancing essential features in the feature map by adding the concurrent spatial and channel squeeze and excitation(scSE)attention module to the three parts of the YOLOv4 network.A balancing improvement was made to the loss function of YOLOv4 to overcome the imbalance problem of the defective species.The results for both the single-and multi-category defect datasets show that the improved model can make good use of the features of the unlabeled images.The accuracy of wind turbine blade defect detection also has a significant advantage over classical object detection algorithms,including faster R-CNN and DETR.

关键词： Defect detection Generative adversarial network scSE attention Semi-supervision Wind turbine

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Ni-catalyzed highly regio- and stereo-selective diborylative cyclization of 1,6-enynes with diboron reagent

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第3期67卷 981-989页

作者： Qitao Guan zhen Shen Yiqiang Tian Genping huang Chun Zhang Institute of Molecular Plus Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic ScienceDepartment of ChemistrySchool of SciencesTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071China

The Ni-catalyzed highly selective diborylative cyclization of 1,6-enynes with diboron reagent has been developed. When pinB-Bdan was used, multiple types of boron-containing functional groups could be installed into organic molecule with great chemoselectivity and regioselectivity though this reaction. Meanwhile, if B_2pai_2 was employed, the asymmetric diborylative cyclization could be well induced by using strategy of dynamic kinetic resolution. Importantly, the above reactions could afford desired product with 100% atomic economy, and could be compatible with different series of substituents. The studies of further transformation well illustrated that different type products could serve diverse synthetic strategy. Notably, the reaction mechanism was intensively studied by density functional theory(DFT) calculations, which could reveal the mechanism of regio- and enantio-selective control.

关键词： nickel-catalyzed organoboron cyclization regioselectivity enantioselectivity

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A hybrid data-mining framework for train rescheduling strategy pattern discovery

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Transportation Safety and Environment 2024年第1期6卷 56-67页

作者： Ruirui Chen Xuekai Ge Ping huang chao Wen School of Transportation&Logistics Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 611756China Department of IT Operational Technology CN RailWaterloo N2V2R1Canada

This study presents a hybrid data-mining framework based on feature selection algorithms and clustering methods to perform the pattern discovery of high-speed railway train rescheduling strategies(RSs).The proposed model is composed of two states.In the first state,decision tree,random forest,gradient boosting decision tree(GBDT)and extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost)models are used to investigate the importance of features.The features that have a high influence on RSs are first selected.In the second state,a K-means clustering method is used to uncover the interdependences between RSs and the influencing features,based on the results in the first state.The proposed method can determine the quantitative relationships between RSs and influencing factors.The results clearly show the influences of the factors on RSs,the possibilities of different train operation RSs under different situations,as well as some key time periods and key trains that the controllers should pay more attention to.The research in this paper can help train traffic controllers better understand the train operation patterns and provides direction for optimizing rail traffic RSs.

关键词： high-speed railway rescheduling strategy pattern discovery feature identification clustering algorithm

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Real-Time Energy Management for Net-Zero Power Systems Based on Shared Energy Storage

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第2期12卷 371-380页

作者： Pengbo Du Bonan huang Ziming Liu chao Yang Qiuye Sun School of Information Science and Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110004China Information and Communication Branch State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Company Ltd.Shenyang 110004China IEEE

Battery energy storage systems(BESSs)serve a crucial role in balancing energy fluctuations and reducing carbon emissions in net-zero power systems.However,the efficiency and cost performance have remained significant challenges,which hinders the widespread adoption and development of BESSs.To address these challenges,this paper proposes a real-time energy management scheme that considers the involvement of prosumers to support net-zero power systems.The scheme is based on two shared energy storage models,referred to as energy storage sale model and power line lease model.The energy storage sale model balances real-time power deviations by energy interaction with the goal of minimizing system costs while generating revenue for shared energy storage providers(ESPs).Additionally,power line lease model supports peer-to-peer(P2P)power trading among prosumers through the power lines laid by ESPs to connect each prosumer.This model allows ESP to earn profits from the use of power lines while balancing power deviations and better consuming renewable energy.Experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme,ensuring stable power supply for net-zero power systems and providing benefits for both the ESP and prosumers.

关键词： Shared energy storage energy storage provider(ESP) energy management peer-to-peer(P2P)trading net-zero power system

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Hybrid treatment of varied orthodontic appliances for a patient with skeletal class II and temporomandibular joint disorders:A case report and review of literature

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第2期12卷 431-442页

作者： Tong Lu Li Mei Bao-chao Li Zi-Wei huang huang Li Department of Orthodontics Nanjing Stomatological HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjing 210008Jiangsu ProvinceChina Discipline of Orthodontics Department of Oral ScienceFaculty of DentistryUniversity of OtagoDunedin 9016New Zealand

BACKGROUND The relation between orthodontic treatment and temporomandibular disorders(TMDs)is under debate;the management of TMD during orthodontic treatment has always been a challenge.If TMD symptoms occur during orthodontic treatment,an immediate pause of orthodontic adjustments is recommended;the treatment can resume when the symptoms are managed and stabilized.CASE SUMMARY This case report presents a patient(26-year-old,female)with angle class I,skeletal class II and TMDs.The treatment was a hybrid of clear aligners,fixed appliances and temporary anchorage devices(TADs).After 3 mo resting and treatment on her TMD,the patient’s TMD symptom alleviated,but her anterior occlusion displayed deep overbite.Therefore,the fixed appliances with TAD were used to correct the anterior deep-bite and level maxillary and mandibular deep curves.After the levelling,the patient showed dual bite with centric relation and maximum intercuspation discrepancy on her occlusion.After careful examination of temporomandibular joints(TMJ)position,the stable bite splint and Invisible Mandibular Advancement appliance were used to reconstruct her occlusion.Eventually,the improved facial appearance and relatively stable occlusion were achieved.The 1-year follow-up records showed there was no obvious change in TMJ morphology,and her occlusion was stable.CONCLUSION TMD screening and monitoring is of great clinical importance in the TMD susceptible patients.Hybrid treatment with clear aligners and fixed appliances and TADs is an effective treatment modality for the complex cases.

关键词： Temporomandibular disorder Skeletal class II Deep overbite Dual bite Invisible mandibular advancement appliance Case report

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