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Determination of the available energy,standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids of fermented corn germ meal replacing soybean meal in growing pig diets

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第2期9卷 259-268页

作者： Tengfei He Yuhui Zheng Xiangshu piao Shenfei Long State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Three experiments were conducted to compare the digestible(DE),metabolizable energy(ME),and standardized ileal digestibility(SID)of amino acids(AA)in fermented corn germ meal(FCGM)and soybean meal(SBM),and evaluate the effects of FCGM replacing SBM in growing pig *** Exp.1,18 barrows with initial body weight(BW)of 60.2±3.40 kg were randomly allotted to 3 treatments with 6 replicates per *** control diet used corn as the only energy ingredient,and 2 test diets were made by replacing 25.8%of corn with FCGM or *** DE and ME of FCGM were less(P<0.01)than those of *** Exp.2,18 barrows(59.3±2.52 kg BW)with ileal T-cannulas were randomly allotted to 3 treatments with 6 replicates per *** SID of arginine,tryptophan and proline were greater(P<0.05)and the tyrosine was less(P=0.01)in SBM compared with *** Exp.3,144 growing pigs(56.1±5.22 kg BW)were randomly allotted to 4 treatments with 6 pens per treatment(3 barrows and 3 gilts per pen).Four diets(FCGM0,FCGM10,FCGM20 and FCGM30)were formulated using FCGM to replace 0%,10%,20%and 30%of SBM,*** ME and SID values of AA of SBM and FCGM were determined by Exp.1 and *** showed that increasing FCGM inclusion quadratically(P<0.05)increased the average daily gain(ADG),average daily feed intake,and the levels of serum immunoglobulin G(IgG)and urea nitrogen,and linearly(P<0.05)increased the serum IgM,the propanoic acid,butyric acid,total volatile fatty acid(VFA)and the Shannon index of microbiota in ***,the relative abundance of genus Streptococcus in FCGM0,Lactobacillus in FCGM10 and Lachnospiraceae in FCGM30 were increased(P<0.05)compared with other *** conclusion,we recommend replacing 11.80%of SBM with FCGM to obtain the optimal ADG of growing ***,as the ratio of FCGM replacing SBM increased in diet,the immunity,intestinal microbiota and total VFA composition of growing pigs were improved.

关键词： Available energy Amino acid digestibility Fermented corn germ meal Soybean meal Growing pig

Capacity and Spatial Correlation Measurements of Compact MIMO Antennas

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China Communications 2021年第6期18卷 137-145页

作者： Dazhi piao Meng Wang Jie Zuo Hao Zhou School of Information and Communication Engineering Communication University of ChinaBeijing 100024China

The dual-port compact multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)dipole antennas with close spacing d of 0.5λand 0.3λare designed,and some electromagnetic band gap(EBG)structures are inserted between them to reduce mutual *** MIMO antennas with d=0.5λand 0.3λ,and with different mutual couplings are fabricated and measured,the channel capacity and correlation coefficient(CC)are analyzed and compared in a rich multipath reverberation chamber(RC),an office and a conference *** show that if d is reduced from 0.5λto 0.3λ,in the RCs,channel capacities of all the antennas are very close to that of the *** channel,although the average CCs are increased from 0.168 in the nonlossy RC to 0.269 in the lossy *** the office and conference rooms,compared with the RC,the average capacities of those antennas get a slight reduction,however,in most cases,the capacity of d=0.5λis larger than that of d=0.3λ,and the antennas with EBG have a larger capacity compared with the antennas without EBG,with a corresponding reduction of CC.A non-line-of-sight(NLOS)scenario of through-the-wall is also investigated.

关键词： compact MIMO antenna channel capacity spatial correlation measurement

Synergetic catalysis enhancement between H2O2 and TiO2 with single-electron-trapped oxygen vacancy

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Nano Research 2020年第2期13卷 551-556页

作者： Zhijiao Wu Kai Guo Shuang Cao Wenqing Yao Lingyu piao CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnolog CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing 100190China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Department of Chemnistry Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The TiO2-H2O2 system possesses excellent oxidation activity even under dark ***,the mechanism of this process is unclear and *** this work,the binary component system containing TiO2 nanoparticles(NPs)with single electron-trapped oxygen vacancy(SETOV,Vo-)and H2O2 exhibit excellent oxidative performance for tetracycline,RhB,and MO even without light *** systematically investigated the mechanism for the high activity of the TiO2-H2O2 under dark condition Reactive oxygen species(ROS)induced from H2O2 play a significant role in improving the catalytic degradation activities.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR)results firstly confirm that H2O2 is primarily activated by SETOVs derived from the TiO2 NPs through direct contribution of electrons,producing both.O2^-/·OOH ***,which are responsible for the excellent reactivity of TiO2-H2O2 *** work not only provides a new perspective on the role of SETOVs playing in the H202 activation process,but also expands the application of TiOz in environmental conservation.

关键词： single-electron-trapped oxygen vacancy TiO2 nanoparticle H2O2 dark reaction superoxide radicals hydroxyl radicai

A Unified Motion Generation Approach for Quadruped L-S Walk and Trot Gaits Based on Linear Model Predictive Control

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第4期21卷 1707-1719页

作者： Yapeng Shi Zhicheng He Xiaokun Leng Songhao piao Lining Sun Harbin Institute of Technology No.92 West Dazhi StreetHarbin150001HeilongjiangChina Yanshan University No.438 West Hebei AvenueQinhuangdao066004HebeiChina

The goal of this paper is to develop a unified online motion generation scheme for quadruped lateral-sequence walk and trot gaits based on a linear model predictive control ***,the dynamics of the linear pendulum model is formulated over a predictive horizon by dimensional *** gait pattern conversion,the lateral-sequence walk and trot gaits of the quadruped can be regarded as unified biped gaits,allowing the dynamics of the linear inverted pendulum model to serve quadruped motion *** addition,a simple linearization of the center of pressure constraints for these quadruped gaits is developed for linear model predictive control ***,the motion generation problem can be solved online by quadratic programming with foothold *** is demonstrated that the proposed unified scheme can generate stable locomotion online for quadruped lateral-sequence walk and trot gaits,both in simulation and on *** results show significant performance improvements compared to previous ***,the results also suggest the linearly simplified scheme has the ability to robustness against unexpected disturbances.

关键词： Motion generation Gait pattern conversion Model predictive control Quadruped locomotion

Effects of circular beam oscillation technique on formability and solidification behaviour of selective laser melted Inconel 718:From single tracks to cuboid samples

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第16期47卷 137-150页

作者： Huihui Yang Guanyi Jing piao Gao Zemin Wang Xiangyou Li Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China

The inherent drawbacks of selective laser melting technique including serious micro-pore and element microsegregation problems destroy the mechanical property of the *** overcome this problem,a new approach,circular beam oscillation,was successfully applied in the SLMed Inconel 718 samples including single tracks,thin walls and cuboid *** one hand,circular beam oscillation reduces the micro-pores in molten pools and cuboid samples,increasing the relative density of the cuboid sample to 99.95%.On the other hand,circular beam oscillation suppresses the element microsegregation,reducing the formation of Laves phases in SLMed Inconel 718 ***,circular beam oscillation enhances thetexture of thin walls and thetexture of cuboid *** improvement of formability and microstructure of the SLMed samples with oscillation is closely related to cooling rate,thermal gradient and stirring effect during the solidification ***,circular beam oscillation shows the possibility to overcome the key bottlenecks of the traditional SLM technology and to realize a further industrial application of SLM technology.

关键词： Circular beam oscillation Selective laser melting Inconel 718 Solidification behaviour

Essential oil and aromatic plants as feed additives in non-ruminant nutrition:a review

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2016年第1期7卷 10-19页

作者： Zhikai Zeng Sai Zhang Hongliang Wang Xiangshu piao State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Ministry of Agriculture Feed Industry CentreChina Agricultural University

This paper summarizes the current knowledge regarding the possible modes of action and nutritional factors involved in the use of essential oils （EOs） for swine and poultry. EOs have recently attracted increased interest as feed additives to be fed to swine and poultry, possibly replacing the use of antibiotic growth promoters which have been prohibited in the European Union since 2006. In general, EOs enhance the production of digestive secretions and nutrient absorption, reduce pathogenic stress in the gut, exert antioxidant properties and reinforce the animal＇s immune status, which help to explain the enhanced performance observed in swine and poultry. However, the mechanisms involved in causing this growth promotion are far from being elucidated, since data on the complex gut ecosystem, gut function, in vivo oxidative status and immune system are still lacking. In addition, limited information is available regarding the interaction between EOs and feed ingredients or other feed additives （especially pro- or prebiotics and organic acids）. This knowledge may help feed formulators to better utilize EOs when they formulate diets for poultry and swine.

关键词： Antimicrobial Antioxidant Essential oils Feed additives Growth promoter Gut function Immunity

Research on Friction Properties of Mineral Lubricants in Thin-Film-Lubricating Regime

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China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology 2014年第1期16卷 90-95页

作者： Zhang Jie Guan Tingting piao Jicheng Lubricants R&D Institute PetroChina

On the basis of thin film lubrication theory, the influence of fluid film(disordered film), ordered film and adsorbed film on tribological behavior of lubricating oil in thin-film lubrication(TFL) regime was studied. The μ-L(friction coefficient versus load) curves of different oil viscosity and additive dosage were obtained by a high frequency reciprocating test rig and the adsorption capacity of additive on steel surface were measured by QCM-D. Based on the Stribeck curve and thin film lubrication theory model, some conclusions can be drawn up, namely:(1) The μ-L curves and the parameters of L0 and μ0, obtained from the high frequency reciprocating test rig with ball-disc contact, can be used to study tribological behaviors of lubricating oil under TFL conditions.(2) In comparison with the high viscosity base fluid, the lower one can enter into TFL regime under lower load and keeps a lower friction coefficient in TFL regime.(3) The polar molecules in additive formulation produce ordered adsorbed layer on steel surface to reduce friction coefficient. And in TFL regime, the molecule's polarity, layer thickness and saturation degree on steel surface probably can influence lubricant's tribological behaviors between the moving interfaces. Moreover, the further study would be focused on the competitive adsorption of different additives, the formation of dual- and/or tri-molecular adsorption layers, and other aspects.

关键词： thin film lubrication(TFL) adsorption film quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring(QCM-D) Stribeck curve mineral lubricants

Terrestrial vegetation carbon sinks in China,1981―2000

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Science China Earth Sciences 2007年第9期50卷 1341-1350页

作者： FANG JingYun GUO ZhaoDi piao ShiLong CHEN AnPing Department of Ecology College of Environmental Scienceand Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of EducationPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Using China's ground observations,e.g.,forest inventory,grassland resource,agricultural statistics,climate,and satellite data,we estimate terrestrial vegetation carbon sinks for China's major biomes between 1981 and *** main results are in the following:(1)Forest area and forest biomass car-bon(C)stock increased from 116.5×10^(6) ha and 4.3 Pg C(1 Pg C=10^(15) g C)in the early 1980s to 142.8×10^(6) ha and 5.9 Pg C in the early 2000s,*** biomass carbon density increased form 36.9 Mg C/ha(1 Mg C=10^(6) g C)to 41.0 Mg C/ha,with an annual carbon sequestration rate of 0.075 Pg C/***,shrub,and crop biomass sequestrate carbon at annual rates of 0.007 Pg C/a,0.014―0.024 Pg C/a,and 0.0125―0.0143 Pg C/a,respectively.(2)The total terrestrial vegetation C sink in China is in a range of 0.096―0.106 Pg C/a between 1981 and 2000,accounting for 14.6%―16.1%of carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emitted by China's industry in the same *** addition,soil carbon sink is estimated at 0.04―0.07 Pg C/***,carbon sequestration by China's terrestrial ecosystems(vegetation and soil)offsets 20.8%―26.8%of its industrial CO_(2) emission for the study period.(3)Considerable uncertainties exist in the present study,especially in the estimation of soil carbon sinks,and need further intensive investigation in the future.

关键词： carbon sink China crops forests grasslands shrubs soils terrestrial ecosystems

Effects of different de-enzyming methods on microbial composition and volatile compounds of raw Pu’er tea based on microbiome and metabolomics

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Food Bioscience 2022年第4期48卷 579-586页

作者： Meizi piao Yue Zhang Tiejun Chen College of Food Science and Engineering Qingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao266109China

Microorganisms play a significant role in the quality formation of raw Pu’er tea,and volatile compounds mainly contribute to the aroma ***,different de-enzyming methods on the quality of raw Pu’er tea has not yet been *** and metabolomics were employed to comprehensively compare and analyze microbial community and volatile compounds in machine de-enzyming raw Pu’er tea(JS)and manual de-enzyming raw Pu’er tea(SS)in this ***-throughput sequencing results showed that bacterial and fungal community compositions of JS and SS samples at phylum and genus levels were essentially identical,differed in relative abundance.A total of 65 and 71 volatile compounds were detected and characterized in JS and SS samples,*** components in JS and SS samples were mainly composed of alcohols,esters,aldehydes,alkanes,benzene and its derivatives,ketones,alkenes,phenols.A total of 88 differential volatile components between JS and SS samples were screened based on VIP>1 and p-value<*** results indicated that both microbial community composition and volatile compounds in raw Pu’er tea influenced by different de-enzyming *** work helps reveal the effect of different de-enzyming methods on the quality of raw Pu’er tea and provide a scientific reference basis for the improvement of raw Pu’er tea quality.

关键词： Raw Pu’er tea de-enzyming methods Microbial community Volatile compounds