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Seasonal Variations of Aerosol Optical Depth over East China and India in Relationship to the Asian Monsoon Circulation

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2018年第4期32卷 648-660页

作者： Fenhua MA zhaoyong guan Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological DisastersNanjing University of Information Science & Technology

Seasonal variation features of aerosol optical depth （AOD） over East China and India in association with the Asian monsoon system are investigated, based on the latest AOD data derived from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spec-troradiometer （MODIS） aboard the Terra satellite, the NCEP Final （FNL） Operational Global Analysis data, the Cli-mate Prediction Center （CPC） Merged Analysis of Precipitation （CMAP） data, and the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data from March 2000 to February 2017. The results indicate that AOD in East China is significantly larger than that in India, especially in spring. The seasonal mean AOD in East China is high in both spring and summer but low in fall and winter. However, the AOD averaged over India is highest in summer and lower in spring, fall, and winter. Ana-lysis reveals that AOD is more closely related to changes in surface wind speed in East China, while no obvious rela-tion is found between precipitation and the AOD distribution on the seasonal timescale. As aerosols are mainly dis-tributed in the atmospheric boundary layer （ABL）, the stability of the ABL represented by Richardson number （Ri） is closely correlated with spatial distribution of AOD. The upper and lower tropospheric circulation patterns signific-antly differ between East China and India, resulting in different effects on the AOD. The effect of advection associ-ated with lower tropospheric circulation on the AOD and the influence of convergence and divergence on the AOD distribution play different roles in maintaining the AOD in East China and India. These results improve our under-standing of the mechanism responsible for and differences among the aerosol changes in East China and India.

关键词： aerosol optical depth (AOD) monsoon circulation East China India

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On the Interrelation between Spring Bihemispheric Circulations at Middle and High Latitudes

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2019年第12期36卷 1371-1380页

作者： Chuhan LU zhaoyong guan Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology

Bihemispheric atmospheric interaction and teleconnection allow us to deepen our understanding of large-scale climate and weather variability. This study uses 1979-2017 spring NCEP reanalysis to show that there is interrelation between bihemispheric circulations at the extratropics. This is regarded as a significant negative correlation between the Antarctic and the Arctic regional surface air pressure anomalies, which is induced by interhemispheric oscillation (IHO) of the atmospheric mass. The spatial pattern of IHO is characterized by antiphase extratropical airmass anomalies and geopotential height anomalies from the troposphere to stratosphere between the Southern and Northern Hemisphere. IHO is closely related to stronger bihemispheric low-frequency signals such as Antarctic Oscillation and Arctic Oscillation, thereby demonstrating that IHO can be interpreted as a tie in linking these two dominant extratropical circulations of both hemispheres. IHO is associated with a strong meridional teleconnection in zonal winds from the middle-high troposphere to the lower stratosphere, with the wind anomalies in the form of alternate positive-negative wavy bands extending from the Antarctic to Arctic region, which act as a possible approach to interactions between the bihemispheric atmospheric mass. It is argued that IHO-related omega angular momentum anomalies led by the extratropical atmosphere cause the meridional teleconnection of relative angular momenta, thereby giving rise to the zonal wind anomalies. The modeling of GFDL and UKMO as components of the CMIP5 project have been verified, achieving the related IHO structure shown in the present paper.

关键词： bihemispheric interaction extratropical atmosphere interhemispheric oscillation

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Interannual Variability of Summertime Outgoing Longwave Radiation over the Maritime Continent in Relation to East Asian Summer Monsoon Anomalies

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2017年第4期31卷 665-677页

作者： Qi XU zhaoyong guan Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science &Technology Nanjing 210044

The Maritime Continent（MC） is under influences of both the tropical Pacific and the Indian Ocean. Anomalous convective activities over the MC have significant impacts on the East Asian summer monsoon（EASM） and climate in China. In the present study, the variation in convective activity over the MC in boreal summer and its relationship to EASM anomalies are investigated based on regression analysis of NCEP–NCAR reanalysis and CMAP [Climate Prediction Center（CPC） Merged Analysis of Precipitation] data, with a focus on the impacts of ENSO and the Indian Ocean Dipole（IOD）. The most significant interannual variability of convective activity is found over 10°S–10°N, 95°–145°E, which can be roughly defined as the key area of the MC（hereafter, KMC）. Outgoing longwave radiation anomaly（OLRA） exhibits 3- to 7-yr periodicities over the KMC, and around 70% of the OLRA variance can be explained by the ENSO signal. However, distinct convection and precipitation anomalies still exist over this region after the ENSO and IOD signals are removed. Abnormally low precipitation always corresponds to positive OLRA over the KMC when negative diabatic heating anomalies and anomalous cooling of the atmospheric column lead to abnormal descending motion over this region. Correspondingly, abnormal divergence occurs in the lower troposphere while convergence occurs in the upper troposphere, triggering an East Asia–Pacific/Pacific–Japan（EAP/PJ）-like anomalous wave train that propagates northeastward and leads to a significant positive precipitation anomaly from the Yangtze River valley in China to the islands of Japan. This EAP/PJ-like wave pattern becomes even clearer after the removal of the ENSO signal and the combined effects of ENSO and IOD, suggesting that convective anomalies over the KMC have an important impact on EASM anomalies. The above results provide important clues for the prediction of EASM anomalies and associated summer precipitation anomalies in China.

关键词： Maritime Continent convective activity ENSO Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) East Asian summer monsoon (EASM)

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Joint Impacts of SSTA in Tropical Pacific and Indian Oceans on Variations of the WPSH

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2018年第4期32卷 548-559页

作者： Daili QIAN zhaoyong guan Weiya TANG Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Meteorological Disasters/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science &Technology Nanjing 210044 State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081

Using the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis and HadlSST sea surface temperature （SST） data, the joint effects of the tropi-cal Indian Ocean and Pacific on variations of area of the summertime western Pacific subtropical high （WPSH） for period 1980-2016 are investigated. It is demonstrated that the central tropical Indian Ocean （CTI） and central equat-orial Pacific （CEP） are two key oceanic regions that affect the summertime WPSH. During autumn and winter, warm SST anomalies （SSTAs） in CEP force the Walker circulation to change anomalously, resulting in divergence anom- alies over the western Pacific and Maritime Continent （MC）. Due to the Gill-type response, the abnormal anticyclo- nic circulation is generated over the western Pacific and South China Sea （SCS）. In the subsequent spring, the warm SSTAs in CEP weaken, while the SST over CTI demonstrates a lagged response to Pacific SSTA. The warm CTI-SSTA and CEP-SSTA cooperate with the eastward propagation of cold Kelvin waves in the western Pacific, leading to the eastward shift of the abnormal divergence center that originally locates at the western Pacific and MC. The an-ticyclone forced by this divergence subsequently moves eastward, leading to the intensification of the negative vorti- city there. Meanwhile, warm SSTA in CTI triggers eastward propagating Kelvin waves, which lead to easterly anom- alies over the equatorial Indian Ocean and Indonesia, being favorable for maintenance and intensification of the anti-cyclone over the SCS and western Pacific. The monsoonal meridional-vertical circulation strengthens, which is fa-vorable for the intensification of the WPSH. Using SSTA over the two key oceanic regions as predictors, a multiple regression model is successfully constructed for prediction of WPSH area. These results are useful for our better un-derstanding the variation mechanisms of WPSH and better predicting summer climate in East Asia.

关键词： western Pacific subtropical high sea surface temperature anomaly tropical Pacific tropical IndianOcean boreal summer

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Possible Combined Influences of Absorbing Aerosols and Anomalous Atmospheric Circulation on Summertime Diurnal Temperature Range Variation over the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2016年第6期30卷 927-943页

作者： CAI Jiaxi guan zhaoyong MA Fenhua Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology

Based on the temperature data from the China Meteorological Administration, NCEP-NCAR reanalysis data, and the TOMS Aerosol Index （AI）, we analyze the variations in the summertime diurnal temperature range （DTR） and temperature maxima in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River （MLRYR） in China. The possible relationships between the direct warming effect of the absorbing aerosol and temperature variations are further investigated, although with some uncertainties. It is found that the summertime DTR exhibits a decreasing trend over the most recent 50 years, along with a slight increasing tendency since the 1980s. The trend of the maximum temperature is in agreement with those of the DTR and the absorbing aerosols. To investigate the causes of the large anomalies in the temperature maxima, composite analyses of the circulation anomalies are performed. When anomalous AI and anomalous maximum temperature over the MLRYR have the same sign, an anomalous circulation with a quasi-barotropic structure occurs there. This anomalous circulation is modulated by the Rossby wave energy propagations from the regions northwest of the MLRYR and influences the northwestern Pacific subtropical high over the MLRYR. In combination with aerosols, the anomalous circulation may increase the maximum temperature in this region. Conversely, when the anomalous AI and anomalous maximum temperature in the MLRYR have opposite signs, the anomalous circulation is not equivalently barotropic, which possibly offsets the warming effect of aerosols on the maximum temperature changes in this region. These results are helpful for a better understanding of the DTR changes and the occurrences of temperature extremes in the MLRYR region during boreal summer.

关键词： diurnal temperature range absorbing aerosol circulation anomaly middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River boreal summer

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An unusual high ozone event over the North and Northeast China during the record-breaking summer in 2018

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第6期33卷 264-276页

作者： Chuhan Lu Jia Mao Lili Wang zhaoyong guan guangna Zhao Mingge Li Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological DisastersNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry(LAPC) Institute id Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Meteorological Observatory of Heilongjiang Province Harbin 150001China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Under the background of global warming,the summer temperature of the North and Northeast China(NNEC)has significantly increased since 2017,which was accompanied by the aggravated ozone(O_(3))*** 2018,the NNEC experienced a record-breaking summer of the past 40 *** by the abnormal high temperatures,a regional ozone event occurred on 2-3 August,over 63%of 79 selected cities in the NNEC were exposed to O_(3)pollution,and the maximum value of MDA8 O_(3)reached 268μg/m *** indicated that ozone concentrations agree well with the maximum temperature at 2 meters(MT2M)over NNEC with a correlation coefficient of *** the pollution episode,strong downdraft in the local high(35°N-42.5°N,112.5°E-132.5°E;LH)over the NNEC created the favourable meteorological conditions for O_(3)*** analyzing the horizontal wind and wave activity fluxes(WAFs)at 200 h Pa,we found that the LH formation was resulted from the Rossby wave propagation from upstream along the mid-latitude Asian *** split polar vortex intrusion further strengthened the amplitude of the Rossby wave and reinforced the ***,a secondary circulation between Typhoon Jongdari and the LH contributed to the enhanced LH with strong *** the other hand,the stratospheric intrusions under the deep subsidence also contributed to the enhanced surface O_(3).In this study,the deep-seated meteorological dynamical mechanisms contributing to the abnormal high temperatures were investigated,which can lead to a better understanding of the regional O_(3)pollution over NNEC under the global-warming background.

关键词： Surface O_(3) Abnormal high temperatures North and Northeast China Dynamical mechanism Polar Vortex Typhoon

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The seasonal cycle of interhemispheric oscillations in mass field of the global atmosphere

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第20期53卷 3226-3234页

作者： LU ChuHan guan zhaoyong MEI ShiLong QIN YuJing Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster (KLME) and College of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044 China The Meteorological Observatory of Jiaxing Meteorological Bureau Jiaxing 314000 China

Using the daily and monthly data of surface air pressure, meridional wind, radiation and water vapor from NCEP/NCAR reanalysis for the period of 1979―2006, we have examined the seasonal variations of the interhemispheric oscillations (IHO) in mass field of the global atmosphere. Our results have demonstrated that IHO as observed in surface air pressure field shows the distinct seasonal cycle. This seasonal cycle has an interhemispheric seesaw structure with comparable annual ranges of surface air pressure in the Southern and Northern Hemispheres. Mass of water vapor changes out-of-phase between the Southern and Northern Hemispheres, showing clearly a seasonal cycle with its annual range almost equivalent to annual range of the IHO seasonal cycle. Amazingly, the cross-equatorial flow is found to be induced by annual changes in water vapor mass as a response of the atmosphere to seasonal cycle of forcing from hemispheric net surface short- and long-wave radiations. The IHO seasonality exhibits its larger variations in magnitude in mid-latitudes other than in other regions of the globe. Additionally, our results also show that the global air mass is redistributed seasonally not only between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres but also between land and sea. This land-sea air mass redis- tribution induces a zonal pattern of surface air pressure in the Northern Hemisphere but the meridional pattern in the Southern Hemisphere.

关键词：气候学大气层地球半球际间摆动季节周期

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Comparison of the Hadley cells calculated from two reanalysis data sets

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2006年第14期51卷 1741-1746页

作者： QIN Yujing WANG Panxing guan zhaoyong YUE Yang Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Jiangsu KeyLaboratory of Meteorological Disaster Nanjing 210044 China

The mass stream function of mean me-ridional circulation is calculated from the ECMWF andNCEP/NCAR reanalysis data sets using a superposi-tion computation scheme. The comparison of resultsshows that the common ascending leg of the Hadleycell calculated from the ECMWF data is strong andnarrow, and averagely lies more north of the equatorin comparison with its counterpart from the NCEP/ NCAR data, and furthermore the Hadley cell from theECMWF data shows an obvious double-layer struc-ture. Therefore, there are obvious differences be-tween Hadley cells displayed by the two objectiveanalysis data sets.

关键词： ECMWF NCEP NCAR 哈德利环流

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An Isentropic Mass Circulation View on the Extreme Cold Events in the 2020/21 Winter

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第4期39卷 643-657页

作者： Yueyue YU Yafei LI Rongcai REN Ming CAI zhaoyong guan Wei HUANG Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education(KLME)/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change(ILCEC)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD)/Institute for Climate and Application Research(ICAR)Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics(LASG) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Tianjin Meteorological Disaster Defense Technology Centre Tianjin 300074China Department of Earth Ocean&Atmospheric SciencesFlorida State UniversityTallahasseeFlorida 32304USA Key Laboratory of Mesoscale Severe Weather/Ministry of Education and School of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210044China

Three extreme cold events successively occurred across East Asia and North America in the 2020/21 *** study investigates the underlying mechanisms of these record-breaking persistent cold events from the isentropic mass circulation(IMC)*** show that the midlatitude cold surface temperature anomalies always co-occurred with the high-latitude warm anomalies,and this was closely related to the strengthening of the low-level equatorward cold air branch of the IMC,particularly along the climatological cold air routes over East Asia and North ***,the two cold surges over East Asia in early winter were results of intensification of cold air transport there,influenced by the Arctic sea ice loss in *** weakened cold air transport over North America associated with warmer northeastern Pacific sea surface temperatures(SSTs)explained the concurrent anomalous warmth *** enhanced a wavenumber-1 pattern and upward wave propagation,inducing a simultaneous and long-lasting stronger poleward warm air branch(WB)of the IMC in the stratosphere and hence a displacement-type Stratospheric Sudden Warming(SSW)event on 4 *** WB-induced increase in the air mass transported into the polar stratosphere was followed by intensification of the equatorward cold branch,hence promoting the occurrence of two extreme cold events respectively over East Asia in the beginning of January and over North America in *** do not yield a robust direct linkage from La Niña to the SSW event,IMC changes,and cold events,though the extratropical warm SSTs are found to contribute to the February cold surge in North America.

关键词： isentropic mass circulation extreme cold event Stratospheric Sudden Warming La Niña Arctic sea ice extratropical sea surface temperature

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Interdecadal Change in the Eurasia–Pacific Anti-Phase Relation of Atmospheric Mass and Its Possible Link with PDO

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2017年第1期31卷 126-141页

作者： Qian ZHANG zhaoyong guan Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Meteorological Disasters/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044 Polar Climate System and Global Change Laboratory Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044

Based on the known climatic shift that occurred in 1976, we divide the present study period into two epochs： epoch-I, for 1958 1976; and epoch-II, for 1977-2002. Using ERA-40 and the 20th century reanalysis data, we in- vestigate the interdecadal change in the Eurasia-Pacific anti-phase relation （EPAR） pattern of atmospheric mass （AM） during boreal winter before and after 1976. It is found that anomalous AM over lands is highly and negatively correlated with anomalous AM over oceans in the Northern Hemisphere during the winter season. This correlation does not change much from epoch-I to epoch-II. However, the correlation pattern of surface air pressure anomalies with variations of anomalous AM over lands changes remarkably from epoch-I to epoch-lI; the EPAR pattern emerges evidently in the later period, whereas it is not significant in epoch-I. The occurrence of the EPAR pattern in epoch-II may be attributable to the Pacific Decadal Oscillation （PDO）. The PDO may modulate the EPAR pattern in two ways. Firstly, the interdecadal component of the PDO as a background may modulate the intensities of the Aleut- ian low, East Asian trough, and westerly flow, acting as a waveguide during the warm phase （epoch-Ⅱ） of the PDO. Secondly, the interannual variations of sea surface temperature anomalies in the North Pacific, in association with the PDO, may affect the interannual variations of AM, which facilitates the existence of the EPAR pattern in epoch-Ⅱ only. With the teleconnection pattern having changed before and after 1976, winter climate anomalies, including rain- fall and temperature, are found to be different in many regions in the Northern Hemisphere between epoch-I and epoch-Ⅱ. All the results of the present work are meaningful for a better understanding of climate anomalies during boreal winter.

关键词： teleconnection Eurasia-North Pacific domain atmospheric mass climatic shift PDO winter climateanomalies

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