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Analysis on the indicator species and ecological groups of pelagic ostracods in the East China Sea

Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2008年第6期27卷 83-93页

作者： xu zhaoli Key and Open laboratory of Marine and Estuary Fisheries of Ministry of Agriculture East China Sea Fisheries Research Insti-tute Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences Shanghai 200090 China

Ecological adaptation and ecological groups of pelagic ostracods were examined in the East China Sea （23°30′-33°00′N, 118°30′ -128°00′E）, in relation to temperature and salinity. The data were collected in four surveys conducted from 1997 to 2000. The density, yield density, or negative exponent models were used to determine the optimal temperature and salinity of water for the thriving growth of pelagic ostracods. Thereafter, ecological groups and potential distribution patterns of pelagic ostracods were determined based on the predicted parameters such as optimal temperature and salinity, consulting the geographic distribution. The analytical results indicate that, among the numerical dominant pelagic ostracods in the East China Sea （ECS）, Euconchoecia aculeata, E. elongata, E. chierchiae, E. maimai, and Cypridina dentata, etc. are offshore subtropical water species. These species are widely distributed in the area, and they can be brought by the warm current to north offshore during spring and winter. The predicated optimal temperature （OT） and optimal salinity （OS） for Paraconchoecia decipiens, P. echinata, P. spini- fera, P. oblonga, Conchoecia magna and Porroeciaporrecta are all greater than 25℃ and 34 separately. These species are mainly distributed in the waters of the Kuroshio, the Taiwan Warm Current, and the Taiwan Strait, and therefore are designated as ocean- ic tropical water species. On the other hand, Pseudoconchoecia concerttrica is considered as offshore subtropical water species based on its geographical distribution although its OT is 19℃. The other species, though their OSs are approximately 34 and with OTs ranging from 20° to 25℃, are considered as offshore subtropical water species because they were found to be widely distributed from the South China Sea to the East China Sea.

关键词： zooplankton pelagic ostracods ecotype temperature salinity East China Sea indicator species

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Distribution pattern of pelagic amphipods and its affecting facors in the East China Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2006年第5期25卷 112-119页

作者： xu zhaoli JIANG Mei Key and Open Laboratory of Marine and Estuary Fisheries of Ministry of Agriculture East China Sea Fisheries Research Insti-tute Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences Shanghai 200090 China

On the basis of data from four seasonal cruises in the East China Sea （23°30′-33°N, 118°30′-128°E） from 1997 to 2000, horizontal distribution of amphipods, seasonal variations of abundance and their dynamic mechanisms were approached with quantitative and qualitative methods. Results showed that the average value of amphipod abundance in autumn was 115× 10^-2 ind./m^3, the highest in four seasons. The second occurred in summer with a mean value of 44×10^-2 ind./m^3and the lowest occurred in spring with a mean of 10 × 10^-2 ind./m^3. Amphipods were hardly observed in the north nearshore （ 29° 30′- 33° N and 122°30′- 125°E） in winter and spring. In all seasons, except for the north of the sea in autumn and the south in summer, the abundance in the offshore area was higher than that nearshore. The major species influencing the amphipod abundance were Lestrigonus schizogeneios in spring, L. macrophthalmus and L schizogeneios in summer,L bengalensis and Hyperioides sibaginis in autumn and Gammarus sp. in winter. The amphiped abundance showed a prominent linear correlation with the surface water temperature, but no significant correlation with both other water temperatures and salinity in spring. It was found that water temperature and salinity were not significantly correlated with the variation of amphiped abundance in summer, autumn and winter. In addition, the amphiped abundance in all four seasons can be linearly correlated with the bottom water temperature. The highest abundance area was located in the mixture waters near the side of warm water current in summer. Peak of amphiped abundance in autumn, not in summer told a temporal process for amphipeds to develop their populations. The continuance of warm current was beneficial to the development of amphipod abundance from summer to autumn. Amphipeds are kinds of very important diets for fishes in the offshore East China Sea.

关键词： East China Sea zooplankton pelagic amphipods abundance distribution

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Study on abundance variation of pteropods in the East China Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2006年第1期25卷 100-107页

作者： xu zhaoli LI Chunju Key and Open Laboratory of Marine and Estuary Fisheries of Ministry of Agriculture of China East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences Shanghai 200090 China

On the basis of the census in four seasons from 1997 to 2000 in the East China Sea （23°30＇-33°N, 118°0＇-128°E）, the horizontal distribution of pteropods, the seasonal variations of their abundance and dynamic mechanisms of these variations were approached with quantitative and qualitative methods. Results showed that the total abundance of pteropods varied clearly with the seasons in an order of decrease of autumn （108×10-2 ind./m^3）, summer （33×10^-2 ind./m^3）, winter（28×10^-2 ind./m^3） and spring （10×10^-2 ind./m^3）. Pteropods were not observed in the north nearshore of the East China Sea （29°30＇-33°N, 122°30＇-125°E）in winter and spring. In all seasons, the peteropod abundance was higher in the south than that in the north and higher in the offshore than that in the nearshore. The major species influencing the peteropod abundance were Creseis acicula in spring, Creseis virgula in summer, Desmopterus papilio in autumn and Limaeina trochiforrnis in winter. The variation of pteropod abundance showed a prominent linear correlation with the surface water temperature and 10 m water temperature, but no significant correlation with both the bottom water temperature and salinity. In summer, the high-abundance distribution area of pteropods was located in the place where the Taiwan Warm Current branched from the Kuroshio. Inautumn, thedistribution area with anabundance higher than 250×10^-2ind/m^3expanded northward along with the Taiwan Warm Current within the mixing area where the Changjiang freshwater, the Fujian-Zhejiang coastal water and the Huanghai Sea Cold Water met together. Water temperature and warm currents were the most important environmental factors that influenced the changes ofpteropod abundance in the East China Sea.

关键词： East China Sea ptcropods zooplankton abundance distribution regression contribution

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Species composition and diversity of Euphausiacea in the East China Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2005年第4期24卷 98-106页

作者： xu zhaoli LI Chunju Key and Open Laboratory of Marine and Estuarine Fisheries of Ministry of Agriculture of China East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences Shanghai 200090 China

Based on the data of four seasonal oceanographic censuses in the East China Sea （23°30＇-33°00＇N, 118°30＇-128°00＇E） in 1997-2000, the species composition and the diversity of Euphausiacea were discussed as well as their relations with environmental variables. Results showed that there were totally 23 different species of Euphausiacea, in which 16 occurred in spring and autumn respectively; 15 were present in summer and only 10 were observed in winter. According to the calculated alternation fraction （R）, the species composition showed a clear seasonal alternation with the changes of seasons. Moreover, the environmental variables had different impacts on the distribution of Euphausiacea in different seasons. The distribution in summer was not significantly related to water temperature and salinity. However, the surface salinity was a major determinant of the distribution in spring. In autumn, both surface and bottom temperatures were influencing factors. The distribution in winter depended on salinity at the surface and 10 m depth as well as the temperature at 10 m depth. Regarding to the seasonal variation of species composition, the variations in spring, summer and autumn were not so significant as those in winter. Except in summer, the species number changed with synchronous water temperature and salinity, as a result of the presence of warm currents in the East China Sea and the habitability of the dominant species. Since Euphausiacea tend to agglomerate, the distribution of different species was uneven, which was the major reason for the low diversity of Euphausiacea in the East China Sea.

关键词： zooplankton Euphausiacea diversity species composition East China Sea

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Seasonal distribution of Calanus sinicus (Copepoda,Crustacea) in the East China Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2007年第3期26卷 150-159页

作者： xu zhaoli CHEN Bijuan East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences Shanghai 200090 China Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences Qingdao 266071 China

On the basis of the four-season investigation in 23°30′ ~ 33°N and 118°30′ ~ 128°E of the East China Sea from 1997 to 2000, the seasonal distribution of Calanus sinicus was studied with aggregation intensity, regression contribution and other statistical methods. It was inferred that C. sinicus＇ s predominance presented from winter to summer, especially in spring and summer, because its dominance amounted to 0.62 and 0.29 respectively. The percent of its abundance in copepod abundance was 76.71% in summer, greater than 66.60% in spring, greater than 19.02% in winter, greater than 4.02% in autumn. The occurrence frequency in winter and spring was 83.08% and 93.89% , higher than that in summer and autumn, 76.71% and 73.87%. Compared with other dominant species of copepods, C. sinicus＇ s contribution to the copepod abundance was obviously greater than that of the other species in winter, summer and spring, but smaller in autumn. C. sinicus tended to have an aggregated distribution. The clumping index peaked in summer （50.19） , followed in spring （19.60） , declined in autumn （13.18） and was the lowest in winter （3.04）. The abundance changed in different seasons and areas, relating to temperature but not salinity in spring and autumn, to salinity but not temperature in summer; to neither temperature nor salinity in winter. In spring and summer, its high abundance area was often located in the mixed water mass formed by the Taiwan Warm Current, the Huanghai Sea Cold Water Mass, the coastal water masses and the Changjiang Dilute Water. In spring and autumn, its abundance was affected by the warm current, as well as the runoff from continental rivers affected it in summer. It can be inferred that C. sinicus was adapted to wide salinity and temperature, as a euryhalinous and eurythermous species in the East China Sea.

关键词： zooplankton pelagic copeped Calanus sinicus East China Sea

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Species composition,diversity and density of plagic Ostracoda in the East China Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2007年第5期26卷 96-106页

作者： xu zhaoli GU Xiaolian ZHANG Fengying Key and Open Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture for Marine and Estuary Fisheries East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences Shanghai 200090 China

On the basis of seasonal investigations at 23°30′ - 33°00′N, 118°30′ - 128°00′E of the East China Sea during 1997 -2000, dynamics on the density and diversity of Ostracoda was discussed. Results showed that totally 26 species were identified. The Ostracoda diversity was opposite to the change of its density in most seasons which reflected an uneven assignment of Ostracoda density among its different species. The Ostracoda density was 0. 70 ind./m^3 in spring, 1.72 ind./m^3 in summer, 2.57 ind./m^3 in autumn and 0. 90 ind./m^3 in winter. Euconchoecia chierchiae in spring and winter, Euconchoecia maimai in summer and Cypridina dentata in autumn were main dominant species in each season. The Ostraeoda density did not show an obvious linear relationship with the hydrologic factors in summer and autumn, but was related to the surface salinity in spring and the surface temperature in winter. Its high density areas mainly distributed in the north offshore in all the seasons while in the south offshore in winter and in spring, and the south nearshore in summer and autumn, implied the zooplankton was a typical warm water animal, whose high density distribution in autumn were located in a similar position to Todarodes pacificus, Navodon Septentrionalis, Scomberjaponicus and other fishes in the sea, so as to be an important indicator for fishing ground. The main species dominating in Ostracoda now are different from the species twenty years ago probably attributes to global warming.

关键词： East China Sea Ostracoda zooplankton distribution diversity

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Variation of Zooplankton Ecological Group During Spring in China Estuaries

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2019年第2期18卷 501-508页

作者： LU Wuyang GAO Qian xu zhaoli Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of East China Sea and Oceanic Fishery Resources Exploitation East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Ningbo Marine Environmental Monitoring Centre State Oceanic Administration College of Marine Sciences Shanghai Ocean University

Zooplankton was major indicator species of the environment. To explore the effect of marine environment on zooplankton distribution in the coast of China, the zooplankton samples from stations in Guanhe Estuary(GE), Changjiang(Yangtze River) Estuary(CE), Oujiang Estuary(OE), Jiulongjiang Estuary(JE) and Beilun Estuary(BE)(covering 14 latitudes) in spring were surveyed and the variation of zooplankton ecological group was researched. According to the adaptability temperature, the zooplankton was divided into two ecological groups: warm-temperate species and subtropical species. The warm-temperate species was the main dominant species and subtropical species was only dominant species in BE. Calanus sinicus, a warm-temperate species, was the only dominant species in all five estuaries. From north to south, the proportion of warm-temperate species in the five estuaries gradually decreased depends on the number, were 83.33%, 48.39%, 45.00%, 43.75% and 30.43%, respectively. In contrary, the proportion of subtropical species was gradually increased. The warm-temperate species predominated over the total abundance and the percentage was whopping high in the north estuaries, including GE(96.16%), CE(95.57%), OE(97.83%) and JE(95.53%). The abundance percentage of subtropical species have remarkably higher(82.39%) in BE. Five estuaries zooplankton community was subdivided into three zooplankton groups, which were the northern warm temperate zooplankton group, the southern subtropical zooplankton group and the estuarine brackish-water group. The water temperature and coastal current of China Sea are recognized as the main factors determining the distribution and community structure of estuarine zooplankton in spring.

关键词： zooplankton estuary ecological group spring

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Distribution of Dominant Zooplankton Species Along a Latitudinal Gradient in China Sea During Spring

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2016年第3期15卷 502-508页

作者： xu Jiayi xu zhaoli GAO Qian Key and Open Laboratory of Marine and Estuary Fisheries of Ministry of Agriculture of China East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences

Dominant species of zooplankton community vary with latitude. Though China possesses a vast coastal area in northwestern Pacific, studies on the latitudinal dominant species gradient are rare. We collected zooplankton samples from Haizhou Bay(34.56?–35.19?N, 119.51?–120.30?E), Yueqing Bay(28.14?–28.38?N, 121.10?–121.21?E) and Dongshan Bay(23.65?–23.90?N, 117.45?–117.60?E) in May 2012 and May 2013 to preliminarily characterize the latitudinal dominant species distribution. All the samples were collected vertically using a 0.505 mm mesh plankton net with 0.8 m in mouth diameter from bottom to surface. Calanus sinicus, Aidanosagitta crassa, Labidocera euchaeta, Zonosagitta nagae, Acartia pacifica and Paracalanus parvus were found to be dominant. C. sinicus was the most dominant species and the unique one occurred in all three bays. With latitude decreasing, both the abundance and proportion of C. sinicus declined sharply. Cluster analysis showed that the 6 dominant species could be divided into 3 groups, based on their occurrences in the three bays. Our results suggested that the distribution of dominant species along the coast of China has a significant latitudinal gradient. C. sinicus which widely distributes in the coastal water of the northwestern Pacific can well adapt to the temperature at different latitudes. The high abundance in Haizhou Bay indicated that C. sinicus was an exemplary warm-temperate species, and more commonly occurs in the north of China seas. The ecological characteristics of dominant species change from warm-temperate type in high-latitudinal bays to warm water type in low-latitudinal bays.

关键词： zooplankton dominant species bay latitude

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Effect of regional warming on the abundance of P seudeuphausia sinica Wang et Chen(Euphausiacea)off the Changjiang River(Yangtze River)Estuary

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2011年第6期30卷 122-128页

作者： GAO Qian xu zhaoli East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Shanghai 200090 China

Distribution and abundance of Pseudeuphausia sinica off the Changjiang River Estuary （30 ° 00′ – 32 ° 00′ N, 122 ° 00′ –123 ° 30 ′E）, the East China Sea were studied in relation to environmental features associated with the regional warming. P. sinica is a subtropical species. Off the Changjiang River Estuary, its abundance reached maximum in summer. To examine spatial and temporal changes of P. sinica off the Changjiang River Estuary, the authors have combined all available sampling data in 1979, 1981, and 2000–2007. This database shows that a significant increase in abundances of P. sinica was observed in spring of 2000–2007 as compared with 1979, 1981. The abundance of P. sinica increased from 0.18–0.21 ind./m 3 in 1979 and 1981 to 0.68–4.00 ind./m 3 in 2000–2007. Accordingly, the sea temperature increased obviously from spring of 1979, 1981 to the 2000s. The authors further found a positive relationship between average surface temperature and average abundance of P. sinica. Regional warming, together with the release of predator induced stress due to a sharp decline in the abundance of its predator （e.g., fishes）, were thought to be responsible for the increase in abundance of P. sinica in water off the Changjiang River Estuary.

关键词： Changjiang River (Yangtze River) Estuary East China Sea Pseudeuphausia sinica temperature adaptation zooplankton

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Causal analysis of the diversity of medusae in East China Sea

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Frontiers in Biology 2008年第3期3卷 300-307页

作者： zhaoli xu Mao LIN Qian GAO Key and Open Laboratory of Marine and Estuary Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture of ChinaEast China Sea Fisheries Research InstituteChinese Academy of Fisheries SciencesShanghai 200090China The Third Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic AdministrationXiamen 361005China

Based on the maritime data collected from 23°30′-33°00′N and 118°30′-128°00′E of the East China Sea(ECS)in four seasons during 1997-2000,the dynamics of medusae diversity and their causes were analyzed.A total of 103 medusae species were identified,and these species mainly distributed in the southern and north-ern offshore areas of the *** diversity index(H′)of medusae was higher in the south than those in the north,higher in summer and winter than in spring and autumn,and higher in offshore than in the nearshore *** species number was closely correlated with H′value,whereas the abundance of species had no significant rela-tionship with the diversity *** lower H′value of the nearshore in spring and autumn resulted from the aggregation of Muggiaea atlantica in the south nearshore and Diphyes chamissonis in the north *** addition,water temperature,followed by salinity,is the main environmental factor influencing the distribution of species *** H′value was related to the water temperature at the 10 m layer in winter and spring,and it was associated with the surface water temperature in summer and with the 10 m-salinity-layer in *** spring and summer,the isoline distribution of H′value reflected the direction of the Taiwan Warm Current and the variation of the water masses in the *** winter,the isoline of the H′value indicated the incursion of Kuroshio *** conclusion,the H′isoline is an good indicator for water masses in ECS.

关键词： East China Sea zooplankton medusae diversity causal analysis

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