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Viromes of Haemaphysalis longicornis reveal different viral abundance and diversity in free and engorged ticks

Virologica Sinica 2024年第2期39卷 194-204页

作者： Jian Xiao Xuan Yao Xuhua Guan Jinfeng Xiong Yaohui fang Jingyuan Zhang You Zhang Abulimiti Moming Zhengyuan Su Jiayin Jin Yingying Ge Jun Wang zhaojun fan Shuang Tang Shu Shen Fei Deng Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety and National Virus Resource Center Wuhan Institute of VirologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071China Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Wuhan430070China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing101408China Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory Wuhan430200China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Vector-borne Infectious Diseases Urumqi830002China Current address:Department of Medical Laboratory The Second Affiliated HospitalHainan Medical UniversityHaikou57000China

Haemaphysalis longicornis ticks,commonly found in East Asia,can transmit various pathogenic viruses,includingthe severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus(SFTSV)that has caused febrile diseases among humansin Hubei Province.However,understanding of the viromes of H.longicornis was limited,and the prevalence ofviruses among H.longicornis ticks in Hubei was not well clarified.This study investigates the viromes of bothengorged(fed)and free(unfed)H.longicornis ticks across three mountainous regions in Hubei Province from 2019to 2020.RNA-sequencing analysis identified viral sequences that were related to 39 reference viruses belonging tounclassified viruses and seven RNA viral families,namely Chuviridae,Nairoviridae,Orthomyxoviridae,Parvoviridae,Phenuiviridae,Rhabdoviridae,and Totiviridae.Viral abundance and diversity in these ticks were analysed,andphylogenetic characteristics of the Henan tick virus(HNTV),Dabieshan tick virus(DBSTV),Okutama tick virus(OKTV),and Jingmen tick virus(JMTV)were elucidated based on their full genomic sequences.Prevalenceanalysis demonstrated that DBSTV was the most common virus found in individual H.longicornis ticks(12.59%),followed by HNTV(0.35%),whereas JMTV and OKTV were not detected.These results improve our understanding of H.longicornis tick viromes in central China and highlight the role of tick feeding status and geographyin shaping the viral community.The findings of new viral strains and their potential impact on public health raisethe need to strengthen surveillance efforts for comprehensively assessing their spillover potentials.

关键词： Ticks Virome Haemaphysalis longicornis Phylogenetic analysis Viral abundance and diversity

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Diverse viromes in polar regions: A retrospective study of metagenomic data from Antarctic animal feces and Arctic frozen soil in 2012–2014

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Virologica Sinica 2022年第6期37卷 883-893页

作者： Jun Wang Jian Xiao Zheng Zhu Siyuan Wang Lei Zhang zhaojun fan Yali Deng Zhihong Hu fang Peng Shu Shen Fei Deng State Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center Wuhan Institute of VirologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering College of Life Science and TechnologyXinjiang UniversityUrumqi830046China China Center for Type Culture Collection(CCTCC) College of Life SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhan430072China Natisonal Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories Boston UniversityBostonMA 02118United States Department of Biochemistry Boston University School of MedicineBostonMA 02118United States

Antarctica and the Arctic are the coldest places, containing a high diversity of microorganisms, including viruses,which are important components of polar ecosystems. However, owing to the difficulties in obtaining access to animal and environmental samples, the current knowledge of viromes in polar regions is still limited. To better understand polar viromes, this study performed a retrospective analysis using metagenomic sequencing data of animal feces from Antarctica and frozen soil from the Arctic collected during 2012–2014. The results reveal diverse communities of DNA and RNA viruses from at least 23 families from Antarctic animal feces and 16families from Arctic soils. Although the viral communities from Antarctica and the Arctic show a large diversity,they have genetic similarities with known viruses from different ecosystems and organisms with similar viral proteins. Phylogenetic analysis of Microviridae, Parvoviridae, and Larvidaviridae was further performed, and complete genomic sequences of two novel circular replication-associated protein(rep)-encoding single-stranded(CRESS) DNA viruses closely related to Circoviridae were identified. These results reveal the high diversity,complexity, and novelty of viral communities from polar regions, and suggested the genetic similarity and functional correlations of viromes between the Antarctica and Arctic. Variations in viral families in Arctic soils,Arctic freshwater, and Antarctic soils are discussed. These findings improve our understanding of polar viromes and suggest the importance of performing follow-up in-depth investigations of animal and environmental samples from Antarctica and the Arctic, which would reveal the substantial role of these viruses in the global viral community.

关键词： Arctic soil Antarctica animal feces Metagenomics Virus diversity

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Somatic CDKN2A copy number variations are associated with the prognosis of esophageal squamous cell dysplasia

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 2024年第8期137卷 2024 Mar 6页

作者： fan Zhiyuan Zhou Jing Tian Yuan Qin Yu Liu zhaojun Gu Liankun Dawsey Sanford M. Wei Wenqiang Deng Dajun Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute Bethesda MD USA National Central Cancer Registry National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100021 China Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (MOE/Beijing) Division of Etiology Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute Beijing 100142

Background: Somatic copy number variations (SCNVs) in theCDKN2A gene are among the most frequent events in the dysplasia-carcinoma sequence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. However, whetherCDKN2A SCNVs are useful biomarkers for the risk stratification and management of patients with esophageal squamous cell dysplasia (ESCdys) is unknown. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics and prognostic value ofCDKN2A SCNVs in patients with mild or moderate (m/M) ESCdys.Methods: This study conducted a prospective multicenter study of 205 patients with a baseline diagnosis of m/M ESCdys in five high-risk regions of China (Ci County, Hebei Province; Yanting, Sichuan Province; Linzhou, Henan Province; Yangzhong, Jiangsu Province; and Feicheng, Shandong Province) from 2005 to 2019. Genomic DNA was extracted from paraffin biopsy samples and paired peripheral white blood cells from patients, and a quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay, P16-Light, was used to detectCDKN2A copy number. The cumulative regression and progression rates of ESCdys were evaluated using competing risk models.Results: A total of 205 patients with baseline m/M ESCdys were enrolled. The proportion of ESCdys regression was significantly lower in theCDKN2A deletion cohort than in the diploid and amplification cohorts (18.8% [13/69]vs. 35.0% [28/80]vs. 51.8% [29/56],P <0.001). In the univariable competing risk analysis, the cumulative regression rate was statistically significantly lower (P = 0.008), while the cumulative progression rate was higher (P = 0.017) in ESCdys patients withCDKN2A deletion than in those withoutCDKN2A deletion.CDKN2A deletion was also an independent predictor of prognosis in ESCdys (P = 0.004) in the multivariable analysis.Conclusion: The results indicated thatCDKN2A SCNVs are associated with the prognosis of ESCdys and may serve as potential biomarkers for risk stratification.

关键词： CDKN2A Somatic copy number variations Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma Esophageal neoplasms Squamous intraepithelial lesions DNA copy number variations Prognosis Prospective study

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承“通”启“专”:民国后期的机械工程教育——以西北工学院为中心

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中国科技史杂志 2024年第1期45卷 159-169页

作者：丁兆君范乐天刘培中国科学技术大学科技史与科技考古系

民国后期的机械工程教育处于“通”“专”交替的历史节点，对其进行历史考察有助于揭示中国近代机械工程教育的局限，进而加深对新旧工程教育转换的理解。本文以西北工学院为中心，以专业化的视角逐次论述该校机械工程教育在部颁标准基... 详细信息

民国后期的机械工程教育处于“通”“专”交替的历史节点，对其进行历史考察有助于揭示中国近代机械工程教育的局限，进而加深对新旧工程教育转换的理解。本文以西北工学院为中心，以专业化的视角逐次论述该校机械工程教育在部颁标准基础上的调整、对海外课程的模仿、与业界需求的互动以及增设专业组的尝试。由此得知，机械工程教育的专业化充满困窘与盲目，这并不源于与之形似神异的美国模式，而是在师资、设备的限制下，国内教育界未能充分考量理论与实际的结果。

关键词：机械工程教育西北工学院国民政府专业化

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葡萄皮渣发酵饲料对仔猪生长性能、血清生化指标及养分消化率的影响

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中国饲料 2024年第4期 73-76页

作者：范兆军王永苓何家瑞天津现代职业技术学院天津300350 天津海友佳音生物科技股份有限公司天津300350

本试验将不同水平的葡萄皮渣发酵饲料添加到仔猪日粮中,研究对其生长性能、血清免疫指标和养分消化率的影响。试验将108只仔猪平均分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复组9只仔猪,分别为对照组、试验I组(2.5%葡萄皮渣发酵饲料添加组)、试验Ⅱ组... 详细信息

本试验将不同水平的葡萄皮渣发酵饲料添加到仔猪日粮中,研究对其生长性能、血清免疫指标和养分消化率的影响。试验将108只仔猪平均分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复组9只仔猪,分别为对照组、试验I组(2.5%葡萄皮渣发酵饲料添加组)、试验Ⅱ组(5.0%葡萄皮渣发酵饲料添加组)和试验Ⅲ组(10.0%葡萄皮渣发酵饲料添加组)。试验为期40d,期间仔猪自由采食。结果发现,与对照组相比,在日粮中添加不同水平的葡萄皮渣发酵饲料对仔猪末重、平均日增重及料重比均有显著影响(P <0.05),其中5.0%葡萄皮渣发酵饲料添加组对提高仔猪生长性能效果最显著(P <0.05),仔猪平均日增重比对照组提高9.10%,料重比较对照组降低8.81%;其次,在日粮中添加不同水平的葡萄皮渣发酵饲料对仔猪血清中的IgA、IgG、IgM等免疫指标均有显著影响(P <0.05),试验结果显示,饲料中5.0%葡萄皮渣发酵饲料组的免疫指标和对照组相比差异显著(P <0.05),IgA、IgG、IgM分别提高了16.7%、22.10%和38.89%。最后,在日粮中添加不同水平的葡萄皮渣发酵饲料对仔猪养分消化率也有显著影响(P <0.05),其中5.0%葡萄皮渣发酵饲料添加组养分消化率指标与对照组相比差异显著(P <0.05),粗纤维消化率和粗蛋白质消化率分别比对照组提高8.29%和8.02%。研究结果表明,在日粮中添加5.0%的葡萄皮渣发酵饲料,对仔猪的生长促进效果最明显,可使仔猪的饲料效率最佳。

关键词：葡萄皮渣发酵饲料生长性能免疫球蛋白养分消化率

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Extensive evolution analysis of the global chikungunya virus strains revealed the origination of CHIKV epidemics in Pakistan in 2016

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Virologica Sinica 2017年第6期32卷 520-532页

作者： Junming Shi Zhengyuan Su zhaojun fan Jun Wang Siqing Liu Bo Zhang Hongping Wei Shoukat Jehan Nadia Jamil Shu Shen Fei Deng State Key Laboratory of Virology Wuhan Institute of VirologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China Centre of Excellence in Science and Applied Technology Islamabad 44000Pakistan

Chikungunya virus(CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne virus that causes epidemics widely in the world especially in the tropical and subtropical regions. Phylogenetic analysis has found that the CHIKV lineages were associated with the spatial and temporal distributions, which were related to the virus adaption to the major mosquito species and their distributions. In this study, we reported the complete genome sequences of eight CHIKV isolates from the outbreak in Pakistan last year. Then we reviewed the evolutionary history using extensive phylogenetic analysis, analyzed lineagespecific substitutions in viral proteins, and characterized the spreading pathway of CHIKV strains including the Pakistani strains. The results showed that the Pakistani stains belonged to the ECSA.IOL sub-lineage and derived from India. The genetic properties of the Pakistani strains including the adaptive substitution to vectors were further characterized, and the potential risks from the occurrence of CHIKV infection in Pakistan were discussed. These results provided better understanding of CHIKV evolution and transmission in the world and revealed the possible origination of the CHIKV outbreak and epidemic in Pakistan, which would promote the disease prevention and control in the identified countries and territories with the history of CHIKV infections as well as new regions with potential risk of CHIKV outbreaks.

关键词： chikungunya virus(CHIKV) Pakistan phylogenetic analysis

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Identification, Isolation, and Characterization of an Ectromelia Virus New Strain from an Experimental Mouse

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Virologica Sinica 2021年第1期36卷 155-158页

作者： Jun Wang Xiaoping Liu Qiong Zhu Qiaoli Wu Shuang Tang Lei Zhang zhaojun fan Zhihong Hu Hualin Wang Fei Deng Shu Shen State Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center Wuhan Institute of VirologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Virology Wuhan Institute of VirologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China

Dear Editor,Ectromelia virus(ECTV)is a large double-stranded DNA virus belonging to the genus Orthopoxviruses in the family Poxviridae.It is the causative agent of mousepox,which is a lethal,acute toxic disease with high mortality rate in most strains of laboratory mice.It was first discovered in 1930 when mice were first used as animal models(Marchal 1930).

关键词： mortality acute Strain

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Thermodynamic Analysis and Experimental Research of Water-Cooled Small Space Thermoelectric Air-Conditioner

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Journal of Thermal Science 2022年第2期31卷 390-406页

作者： JIANG fan MENG fankai CHEN Lin’gen CHEN zhaojun Institute of Thermal Science and Power Engineering Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China School of Mechanical&Electrical Engineering Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China College of Power Engineering Naval University of EngineeringWuhan 430033China

This paper aims to find a more general analysis method for the refrigeration performance,and to design a high efficiency modular cooling structure of water-cooled plate.A new analysis method,namely current and refrigeration rate density analysis,is proposed.The general refrigeration performance calculation equations are obtained.A finite-time thermodynamic model of the thermoelectric device is established considering Thomson effect.The basic structure of water-cooled thermoelectric air-conditioner is designed and the specific calculation method is given.The influences of input current density,filling factor and heat transfer conditions on refrigeration performance of the thermoelectric air-conditioner are analyzed,which is compared with refrigeration performance of air-cooled thermoelectric air-conditioner.The results show that the maximum refrigeration rate density of the water-cooled thermoelectric air-conditioner is 8.65 k W/m^(2),and the maximum coefficient of performance(COP)is 2.27 in the case of the cooling temperature differenceΔT=5 K.Compared withΔT=5 K,the maximum refrigeration rate density and the maximum COP ofΔT=15 K decreases by 27.98%and 76.65%,respectively.At the filling factorθ=0.43,the refrigeration rate density and COP are 2.57 k W/m~2 and 1.24,respectively.The experimental device of thermoelectric air-conditioner is established to verify the model.The experimental results show that the maximum value of input current and COP is 4 A and 0.95 with the efficient water-cooling method,respectively.The experimental data coincides with the theoretical calculation,which shows the validity of the analysis method and cooling method.

关键词： thermoelectric air-conditioner refrigeration rate density COP finite-time thermodynamics non-equilibrium thermodynamics performance optimization

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SUNDER:Self-organized grouping and entrapping method for swarms in multitarget environments

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2023年第8期26卷 68-83页

作者： Yutong Yuan Zhun fan Xiaomin Zhu Li Ma Ji Ouyang Weidong Bao Ji Wang zhaojun Wang College of Systems Engineer National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China School of Electrical and Information Engineering Shantou UniversityShantou 515063China Strategic Assessments and Consultation Institute Academy of Military ScienceBeijing 100097China

For swarm robots moving in a harsh or uncharted outdoor environment without GPS guidance and global communication,algorithms that rely on global-based information are infeasible.Typically,traditional gene regulatory networks(GRNs)that achieve superior performance in forming trapping pattern towards targets require accurate global positional information to guide swarm robots.This article presents a gene regulatory network with Self-organized grouping and entrapping method for swarms(SUNDER-GRN)to achieve adequate trapping performance with a large-scale swarm in a confined multitarget environment with access to only local information.A hierarchical self-organized grouping method(HSG)is proposed to structure subswarms in a distributed way.In addition,a modified distributed controller,with a relative coordinate system that is established to relieve the need for global information,is leveraged to facilitate subswarms entrapment toward different targets,thus improving the global multi-target entrapping performance.The results demonstrate the superiority of SUNDERGRN in the performance of structuring subswarms and entrapping 10 targets with 200 robots in an environment confined by obstacles and with only local information accessible.

关键词： Swarm robots Local information Gene regulatory network Swarm grouping Trapping pattern Confined multitarget environment

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酸性调控对大豆分离蛋白纤维功能性质的影响

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中国粮油学报 2024年第2期39卷 113-119页

作者：高喧翔梅馨澜朱泽丹陈鸿杰樊继开杨素华刘玲玲班兆军浙江科技学院生物与化学工程学院浙江省农产品化学与生物加工技术重点实验室浙江省农业生物资源生化制造协同创新中心杭州310023

近年来,蛋白淀粉样纤维因其独特的材料学特性,在结构化和功能化食品领域引起广泛的关注。然而人们对蛋白纤维基材料的功能特性及相关调控机理还不甚了解。本文研究了不同酸诱导剂对大豆分离蛋白(SPI)自组装纤维的结构、乳化特性、凝胶... 详细信息

近年来,蛋白淀粉样纤维因其独特的材料学特性,在结构化和功能化食品领域引起广泛的关注。然而人们对蛋白纤维基材料的功能特性及相关调控机理还不甚了解。本文研究了不同酸诱导剂对大豆分离蛋白(SPI)自组装纤维的结构、乳化特性、凝胶特性及成膜性质的影响。结果表明,经盐酸或醋酸诱导均能形成纤维化蛋白,蛋白质的二级结构则由α-螺旋转变为β-折叠结构。相较于盐酸诱导的短而硬的蛋白纤维(H-SPI),醋酸诱导的蛋白纤维(C-SPI)形状更加柔顺且规则。除此之外,C-SPI拥有更大的粒径、更高的凝胶硬度、更优的乳化稳定性和成膜性。因此,通过选择适宜的酸诱导剂种类能够改善蛋白纤维的理化和功能性质。

关键词：大豆分离蛋白淀粉样纤维盐酸醋酸理化性质

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