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Brassinosteroids modulate nitrogen physiological response and promote nitrogen uptake in maize(Zea mays L.)

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The Crop Journal 2022年第1期10卷 166-176页

作者： Jiapeng Xing Yubin Wang Qingqing Yao Yushi Zhang Mingcai Zhang zhaohu li State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry College of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Crop Research Institute Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinan 250100ShandongChina

Brassinosteroids(BRs)are steroid hormones that function in plant growth and development and response to environmental stresses and nutrient ***,few studies have investigated the effect of BRs in modulating the physiological response to nitrogen(N)supply in *** the present study,BR signalingdeficient mutant zmbri1-RNAi lines and exogenous application of 2,4-epibrassinolide(e BL)were used to study the role of BRs in the regulation of physiological response in maize seedlings supplied with *** application of e BL increased primary root length and plant biomass,but zmbri1 plants showed shorter primary roots and less plant biomass than wild-type plants under low N(LN)and normal N(NN)*** induced the expression of the BR signaling-associated genes Zm DWF4,Zm CPD,Zm DET2,and Zm BZR1 and the production of longer primary roots than *** of Zm BRI1 weakened the biological effects of LN-induced primary root elongation.e BL treatment increased N accumulation in shoots and roots of maize seedlings exposed to LN or NN ***,zmbri1 plants showed lower N accumulation in shoots and roots than wild-type *** with reduced N accumulation,zmbri1 plants showed lower NO3-fluxes and^(15)NO_(3)^(-)*** expression of nitrate transporter(NRT)genes(Zm NPF6.4,Zm NPF6.6,Zm NRT2.1,Zm NRT2.2)was lower in zmbri1 than in wild-type roots,but e BL treatments up-regulated the transcript expression of NRT ***,BRs modulated N physiological response and regulated the transcript expression of NRT genes to promote N uptake in maize.

关键词： Brassinosteroids Nitrogen uptake Nitrate transporter gene Root architecture Maize

Increase in root density induced by coronatine improves maize drought resistance in North China

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The Crop Journal 2023年第1期11卷 278-290页

作者： Yuling Guo Guanmin Huang Qing Guo Chuanxi Peng Yingru liu Mingcai Zhang zhaohu li Yuyi Zhou liusheng Duan State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry College of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Drought stress caused by insufficient irrigation or precipitation impairs agricultural production *** this study,a two-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of coronatine(COR),a functional analog of jasmonic acid(JA),on maize drought *** experiment included two water treatments(rainfed and irrigation),four COR concentrations(mock,0μmol L^(-1);A1,0.1μmol L^(-1);A2,1μmol L^(-1);A3,10μmol L^(-1))and two maize genotypes(Fumin 985(FM985),a drought-resistant cultivar and Xianyu 335(XY335),a drought-sensitive cultivar).Spraying 1μmol L^(-1)COR at seedling stage increased surface root density and size,including root dry matter by 12.6%,projected root area by 19.0%,average root density by 51.9%,and thus root bleeding sap by 28.2%under drought *** application also increased leaf area and SPAD values,a result attributed to improvement of the root system and increases in abscisic acid(ABA),JA,and salicylic acid(SA)*** improvement of leaves and roots laid the foundation for increasing plant height and dry matter *** application reduced anthesis and silking interval,increasing kernel number per *** treatment at 1μmol L^(-1)increased the yield of XY335 and FM985 by 7.9%and 11.0%,*** and path analysis showed that grain yields were correlated with root dry weight and projected root area,increasing maize drought resistance mainly via leaf area index and dry matter ***,COR increased maize drought resistance mainly by increasing root dry weight and root area,with 1μmol L-^(-1)COR as an optimal concentration.

关键词： Maize Drought resistance Coronatine Root development Grain yields

Coronatine promotes maize water uptake by directly binding to the aquaporin ZmPIP2;5 and enhancing its activity

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2023年第3期65卷 703-720页

作者： Rui He Huiqing Su Xing Wang Zhijie Ren Kun Zhang Tianyu Feng Mingcai Zhang zhaohu li Legong li Junhong Zhuang Zhizhong Gong Yuyi Zhou liusheng Duan State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth RegulatorMinistry of Education&College of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China College of Plant Protection China Agricultural UniversityBeiing 100193China Key Laboratory of Plant Gene Resources and Biotechnology for Carbon Reduction and Environmental Improvement Beijing Municipal GovernmentCollege of Life SciencesCapital Normal UniversityBeijing 100048China Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Water uptake is crucial for crop growth and development and drought stress tolerance. The water channel aquaporins(AQP) play important roles in plant water uptake. Here, we discovered that a jasmonic acid analog, coronatine(COR), enhanced maize(Zea mays) root water uptake capacity under artificial water deficiency conditions. COR treatment induced the expression of the AQP gene Plasma membrane intrinsic protein 2;5(ZmPIP2;5).In vivo and in vitro experiments indicated that COR also directly acts on ZmPIP2;5 to improve water uptake in maize and Xenopus oocytes. The leaf water potential and hydraulic conductivity of roots growing under hyperosmotic conditions were higher in ZmPIP2;5-overexpression lines and lower in the zmpip2;5 knockout mutant, compared to wild-type plants. Based on a comparison between ZmPIP2;5 and other PIP2s, we predicted that COR may bind to the functional site in loop E of ZmPIP2;5. We confirmed this prediction by surface plasmon resonance technology and a microscale thermophoresis assay, and showed that deleting the binding motif greatly reduced COR binding. We identified the N241 residue as the COR-specific binding site, which may activate the channel of the AQP tetramer and increase water transport activity,which may facilitate water uptake under hyperosmotic stress.

关键词： coronatine osmotic stress water uptake capacity ZmPIP2 5

Nano-enabled agriculture: How do nanoparticles cross barriers in plants?

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Plant Communications 2022年第6期3卷 174-189页

Nano-enabled agriculture is a topic of intense research ***,our knowledge of how nanoparticles enter plants,plant cells,and organelles is still ***,we discuss the barriers that limit the efficient delivery of nanoparticles at the whole-plant and single-cell *** commonly overlooked factors,such as light conditions and surface tension of applied nano-formulations,are *** gaps regarding plant cell uptake of nanoparticles,such as the effect of electrochemical gradients across organelle membranes on nanoparticle delivery,are analyzed and *** importance of controlling factors such as size,charge,stability,and dispersibility when properly designing nanomaterials for plants is *** mainly focus on understanding how nanoparticles travel across barriers in plants and plant cells and the major factors that limit the efficient delivery of nanoparticles,promoting a better understanding of nanoparticle–plant *** also provide suggestions on the design of nanomaterials for nano-enabled agriculture.

关键词： barriers cell membranes cell wall efficient delivery electrochemical gradients nanoparticles

The efficacy of chemical topping in field-grown cotton is mediated by drip irrigation amount in irrigated agricultural area

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Journal of Cotton Research 2022年第2期5卷 173-184页

作者： TIAN Yu liAO Baopeng HAN Huanyong WANG Fangyong DU Mingwei TIAN Xiaoli li zhaohu Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science Shihezi 832003XinjiangChina College of Agronamy/Crop Chemical Control Research Center China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Callege of Agron-omy Shihezi UniversityShihezi 832000XinjiangChina.

Background:Cotton production in China is challenged by high labor input including manual topping(MT).Recently,to replace MT in the Xinjiang cotton region of China,mepiquat chloride(MC)was applied once more than the traditional multiple-application;this was designated as chemical topping(CT),but it is unclear whether the amount of irrigation needs to be adjusted to accommodate ***:The main plots were assigned to three drip irrigation amounts[300(I_(1))480(I_(2)), and 660(I_(3))mm],and the subplots were assigned to the CT treatments[450(MC)750(MC_(2)),and 1050(MC_(3))mL·hm^(-2)25%MC]with MT as a control that was performed after early *** optimum drip irrigation amount for CT was explored based on leaf photosynthesis,chlorophyll fluorescence,biomass accumulation,and *** were significant influe nces of drip irrigation,topping treatme nts and their interaction on chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics,gas exchange parameters and biomass accumulation characteristics as well as *** combination of I_(2) and MC_(2)(I_(2)MC_(2))performed *** with I_(2)MC_(2)the net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatai conductance(Gs),transpiration rate(Tr),and photochemical quenching coefficient(qP)of I_(2)MC_(2)significantly increased by 4.0%~7.2%,6.8%〜17.1%,5.2%~17.6%,and 4.8%~9.6%,respectively,from the peak flowering to boll opening ***,I_(2)MC_(2) showed fast reproductive organ biomass accumulation and the highest seed cotton yield;the latter was 6.6%~12.8%higher than that of I_(2)*** analysis revealed that a 25%MC emulsion in water(MCEW)application resulted in yield improvement by increasing Pn,φPSⅡ,and qP to promote biomass accumulation and transport to reproductive ***:The results showed that the 480 mm drip irrigation combined with 750 mL·hm^(-2)MC increased the rate of dry matter accumulation in reproductive organs by increasing Pn,φPSⅡ and qP to improve photosynthetic performance,thus achieving higher yield.

关键词： Cotton Irrigation amount Chemical topping Photosynthesis Biomass accumulation

Improvement of leaf K^(+) retention is a shared mechanism behind CeO_(2) and Mn_(3)O_(4) nanoparticles improved rapeseed salt tolerance

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Stress Biology 2022年第1期2卷 136-150页

作者： Yanhui li Jin Hu Jie Qi Fameng Zhao Jiahao liu linlin Chen Lu Chen Jiangjiang Gu Honghong Wu zhaohu li MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River College of Plant Science&TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Hubei Hongshan Laboratory Wuhan 430070China College of Science Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China

Salinity is a global issue limiting efficient agricultural *** has been emerged as an effective approach to improve plant salt ***,little known is about the shared mechanisms between different nanomaterials-enabled plant salt *** this study,we found that both PNC[polyacrylic acid coated nanoceria(CeO_(2) nanoparticles)]and PMO(polyacrylic acid coated Mn_(3)O_(4) nanoparticles)nanozymes improved rapeseed salt *** and PMO treated rapeseed plants showed significantly fresh weight,dry weight,higher chlorophyll content,Fv/Fm,and carbon assimilation rate than control plants under salt *** from confocal imaging with reactive oxygen species(ROS)fluorescent dye and histochemical staining experiments showed that the ROS over-accumulation level in PNC and PMO treated rapeseed was significantly lower than control plants under salt *** imaging results with K+fluorescent dye showed that significantly higher cytosolic and vacu-olar K^(+) signals were observed in PNC and PMO treated rapeseed than control plants under salt *** is further confirmed by leaf K^(+) content ***,we found that PNC and PMO treated rapeseed showed significantly lower cytosolic Na^(+) signals than control plants under salt ***,compared with significantly higher vacuolar Na^(+) signals in PNC treated plants,PMO treated rapeseed showed significantly lower vacuolar Na^(+) signals than control plants under salt *** results are further supported by qPCR results of genes of Na^(+) and K^(+) ***,our results suggest that besides maintaining ROS homeostasis,improvement of leaf K^(+) retention could be a shared mechanism in nano-improved plant salt tolerance.

关键词： Nanomaterials TEM imaging Gene expression Reactive oxygen species K^(+)/Na^(+)ratio

Variations in Growth, Photosynthesis and Defense System Among Four Weed Species Under Increased UV-B Radiation

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2007年第5期49卷 621-627页

作者： Shiwen Wang liusheng Duan Anthony Egrinya Eneji zhaohu li State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Centre of Crop Chemical Control Department of Agronomy China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 China

Weed tolerance of UV-B radiation varies with species, and the radiation could affect weed ecology and management. Variations In growth, photosynthesis and defense system among four important agronomic weeds, Abutllon theophrastl Medlk, Amaranthus retroflexus L., Digitaria sanguinalis （L.） Scop and Chloris virgata Swartz, under Increased UV-B radiation （ambient and increased radiation at 2.7, 5.4 and 10.8 kJ.m^-2.d-1） were studied In the greenhouse experiment. After 2 weeks of radiation, the shoots＇ dry mass decreased with increasing UV-B radiation except for D. sanguinalis. The reduction in biomass was the result of changes in morphology and physiology. Higher levels of UV-B treatment decreased the leaf area, plant height, net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll contents, while it increased the contents of wax and UV-B absorbing compound in all species, except for A. retroflexus, which did not increase significantly. The activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxide and the content of ascorblc acid changed differently among the weed species as UV-B radiation increased. D. sangulnalls was the most tolerant and A. retroflexus the most sensitive to increased UV-B radiation. The results also show that the two grass species （D. sanguinalis and C. virgata） were more tolerant to UV-B radiation than the two broadleafed species （A. theophrasti and A. retroflexus）. The UV-B absorbing compound and leaf wax played Important roles against UV-B damages in the two grass weeds. The overall results suggest that weed community, competition and management will be altered by continuous ozone depletion.

关键词： crabgrass fingergrass leaf wax redroot UV-B absorbing compounds UV-B radiation velvetleaf

Exogenous application of glycine betaine improved water use efficiency in winter wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) via modulating photosynthetic efficiency and antioxidative capacity under conventional and limited irrigation conditions

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The Crop Journal 2019年第5期7卷 635-650页

作者： Nazir Ahmed Yushi Zhang Ke li Yuyi Zhou Mingcai Zhang zhaohu li Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator Ministry of Education College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural University

Improving water use efficiency(WUE)is an important subject in agricultural irrigation for alleviating the scarcity of water resources in semiarid regions of the North China ***,glycine betaine(GB)is one of the most effective compatible solutes synthesized naturally in plants for enhancing stress tolerance under abiotic stress,but little information is available on the involvement of GB in regulating crop WUE under field *** study was conducted to explore the role of exogenously applied GB in improving WUE and plant physiological and biochemical responses inwinterwheat subjected to conventional or limited irrigation during the 2015–2016 and 2016–2017 growing *** application of GB significantly enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities and reduced the accumulation ofmalondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide under limited irrigation ***,GB-treated plantsmaintained higher leaf relative water content andmembrane stability,which led to higher chlorophyll content and gas exchange attributes for better intrinsic and instantaneouswater use efficiencies compared to control plants under limited irrigation ***-treated plants had higher indole-acetic acid and zeatin riboside levels but lower ABA levels compared to control plants under conventional and limited irrigation ***,GB enhanced the grain filling rate and duration,grain number per spike,and final grainweight,which resulted in higher grain yield compared to the ***,GB significantly improved the integrative and photosynthetic WUE under conventional and limited irrigation conditions,although GB treatment did not markedly affect total water *** results suggest the involvement of GB in improving WUEs in winter wheat by modulating hormonal balance,membrane stability,photosynthetic performance and antioxidant systems to maintain higher grain yield under conventional and limited irrigation conditions.

关键词： Winter wheat Glycine betaine Water use efficiency limited irrigation Photosynthetic performance Antioxidant systems

Construction of a linkage map and QTL mapping for fiber quality traits in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2013年第26期58卷 3233-3243页

作者： liANG QingZhi HU Cheng HUA Hua li zhaohu HUA JinPing Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding College of Agronomy and Biotechnology/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization of Ministry of Education/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement China Agricultural University Xiangyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences

With the development in spinning technology, the improvement of cotton fiber quality is becoming more and more important. The main objective of this research was to construct a high-density genetic linkage map to facilitate marker assisted selection for fiber quality traits in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). A genetic linkage map comprising 421 loci and covering 3814.3 cM, accounting for approximately 73.35% of the cotton genome, was constructed using an F2 population derived from cross GX1135 (P 1 )×GX100-2 (P 2 ). Forty-four of 49 linkage groups were assigned to the 26 chromosomes. Fiber quality traits were investigated in F2 population sampled from individuals, and in F2:3 , and F2:4 generations sampled by lines from two sites and one respectively, and each followed a randomized complete block design with two replications. Thirty-nine quantitative trait loci were detected for five fiber quality traits with data from single environments (separate analysis each): 12 for fiber length, five for fiber uniformity, nine for fiber strength, seven for fiber elongation, and six for fiber micronaire, whereas 15 QTLs were found in combined analysis (data from means of different environments in F2:3 generation). Among these QTLs, qFL-chr5-2 and qFL-chr14-2 for fiber length were detected simultaneously in three generations (four environments) and verified further by combined analysis, and these QTLs should be useful for marker assisted selection to improve fiber quality in upland cotton.

关键词：纤维品质性状遗传连锁图谱 QTL定位陆地棉分子标记辅助选择 F2群体随机区组设计数量性状位点